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<document id="3D4CC9A87EF6E357D5513BD9CD1B4016" ID-CLB-Dataset="7424" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d63cab47-63f1-4fdc-9209-26a256c91ccb" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545337" ID-ZooBank="88CF2B0D-E02B-46E1-9F52-1B95F717FC8F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613558058512" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen, Linden, John Van Der, Feldman, Tracy S. &amp; Palmer, Michael W." docDate="2021" docId="0395A00B703EEB512A99FD3F676163D7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4931.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4931 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Liriomyza hypopolymnia Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale 2021, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FFACD8737022EB4C2A0EFFDC6551673E" masterDocTitle="Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698929887731" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E120FCA01AB1A975F2D062A52E4A61AB">Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F3B724A8686CA221A06DE0AF8282E007" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="599754CD3876E659C421A8AD8C96E5DA">Eiseman, Charles S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="541A6C824583D4A50CA39F66398F0AA3">Lonsdale, Owen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0B6325E370E9E1A4D9A693F3749CD74A" type="email">onsdale@agr.gc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A8621F125D073243AFBFE0986FBA608B">Linden, John Van Der</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B429208333F51E62A6811B63744C9C88" type="email">johnbvdl@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D57FF42D8B5593A3C90275698D3DDA48">Feldman, Tracy S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="27E43F7579F455CC72E4A46228C75E8B" type="email">feldmants@sa.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="79A91482E649205A3725B4BA19FF1F77">Palmer, Michael W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D6839FE0DE4ADA80C63804B2057166F4" type="email">mike.palmer@okstate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="03D8D126B8274F254AF092129BA0F337">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E244ACE6774DB4A9FF6ABAD6CCE31632">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7FD17E850FFB5D2AB8BD22DAD6611EE3">4931</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0395A00B703EEB512A99FD3F676163D7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4678643" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180947781" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4678643" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0395A00B703EEB512A99FD3F676163D7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0395A00B703EEB512A99FD3F676163D7" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502A99FD3F660765C3" bold="true" box="[151,854,739,766]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703EEB502A99FD3F678365C3" ID-CoL="8GTWN" authority="Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale" authorityName="Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,722,739,766]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypopolymnia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502A99FD3F649565C0" bold="true" box="[151,452,739,766]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Liriomyza hypopolymnia</emphasis>
Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27B7074703EEB5028D1FD3F660765C3" box="[735,854,739,765]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3264296703EEB502A99FCDB64A3641F" box="[151,498,775,801]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502A99FCDB64A3641F" blockId="28.[151,854,739,801]" box="[151,498,775,801]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
(
<figureCitation id="13070D98703EEB502A91FCDB6476641F" box="[159,295,775,801]" captionStart="FIGURES 4047" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-27@46.[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 4047. Figures 4043: Liriomyza euphorbivora Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov., holotype; 40: dorsal; 41: head; 42: lateral; 43: habitus. Figures 4447: L. hypopolymnia Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov.; 44: paratype, dorsal; 45: same, head; 46: same, lateral; 47: puparia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545351/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 4447</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13070D98703EEB502B3DFCDB642A641F" box="[307,379,775,801]" captionStart="FIGURES 7386" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1743,1767]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-17@49.[151,1436,181,1719]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 7386. Mines of Phytomyzinae on host plants: 73: Liriomyza blechi Spencer on Ruellia carolinensis; 74: Liriomyza cf. cracentis Lonsdale on Ageratina altissima; 75: L. euphorbivora Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Euphorbia marginata; 76: L. hypopolymnia Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Polymnia canadensis, upper surface; 77: same, lower surface; 78: L. orilliensis on Nabalus sp.; 79: L. cf. taraxaci Hering on Krigia virginica; 80: L. trifolii (Burgess) on Mecardonia acuminata; 81: Phytomyza cf. aesculi Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale on Aesculus flava; 82: P. flavilonicera Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Lonicera sempervirens; 83: same; 84: P. notopleuralis Spencer on Cornus sericea; 85: P. thermarum (Griffiths) on Erigeron pulchellus; 86: P. triostevena Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Triosteum sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545359/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">7677</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13070D98703EEB502B89FCDB64BA641F" box="[391,491,775,801]" captionStart="FIGURES 144147" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,192,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-27@60.[174,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 144147. Liriomyza hypopolymnia Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov., male genitalia; 144: external components, ventral; 145: ejaculatory apodeme; 146: phallus, ventral; 147: same, left lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545386/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">144147</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3264296703EEB502A99FC9364C1637C" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502A99FC9366FD64B3" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="3B541B40703EEB502A99FC9366FD64B3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3069844361" collectingDate="2017-10-20" collectingDateMax="2018-04-18" collectingDateMin="2017-10-20" collectorName="MJ Hatfield" country="United States of America" county="Winneshiek Co." latitude="43.433006" location="Craggy Rocks" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.00831" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iowa" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502A99FC9364926457" bold="true" box="[151,451,847,873]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<typeStatus id="5487AFBF703EEB502A99FC9364576457" box="[151,262,847,873]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F32B518D703EEB502B15FC9364066457" box="[283,343,847,873]" name="United States of America" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">USA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF703EEB502B65FC9364EC6457" box="[363,445,847,873]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">IOWA</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCounty id="62E26991703EEB502BDFFC9367C16457" box="[465,656,847,873]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Winneshiek Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8EE347C6703EEB5028AAFC93661E6457" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0395A00B703EEB512A99FD3F676163D7:8EE347C6703EEB5028AAFC93661E6457" box="[676,847,847,873]" country="United States of America" county="Winneshiek Co." latitude="43.433006" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.00831" name="Craggy Rocks" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Iowa">Craggy Rocks</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0877DA703EEB50296CFC9361406454" box="[866,1041,847,874]" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" seconds="58.82" value="43.433006">43°2558.82”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0877DA703EEB502E2BFC9361886457" box="[1061,1241,847,873]" degrees="92" direction="west" minutes="0" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" seconds="29.92" value="-92.00831">92° 029.92”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF8237DD703EEB502EE3FC93600E6457" box="[1261,1375,847,873]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2017-10-20">
<collectingDate id="EFC6CE35703EEB502EE3FC93600E6457" box="[1261,1375,847,873]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2017-10-20">20.x.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
, em.
<date id="FF8237DD703EEB502A99FCAF645E64B3" box="[151,271,883,909]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2018-04-18">
<collectingDate id="EFC6CE35703EEB502A99FCAF645E64B3" box="[151,271,883,909]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2018-04-18">18.iv.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26C974CB703EEB502B15FCA864F464B3" box="[283,421,883,910]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MJ Hatfield</collectorName>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703EEB502BDFFCAF665864B3" authority=", CNC" authorityName="CNC" box="[465,777,883,910]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Polymnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502BDFFCAF67EE64B3" box="[465,703,883,909]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Polymnia canadensis</emphasis>
, CNC
</taxonomicName>
1144061 (1♁).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502AC9FC4B658564C7" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="3B541B40703EEB502AC9FC4B659E64C7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3069844388" collectingDate="2017-06-30" collectingDateMax="2017-07-21" collectingDateMin="2017-06-30" collectionCode="CNC, CSE" collectorName="J. van der Linden" country="United States of America" county="Winneshiek Co." latitude="43.433006" location="Dug Road" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.00831" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="CNC1144055, CNC1144058, CNC1144062, CSE4654, CNC1144029" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Iowa" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502AC9FC4B64BD648F" bold="true" box="[199,492,919,945]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<typeStatus id="5487AFBF703EEB502AC9FC4B6410648F" box="[199,321,919,945]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F32B518D703EEB502B43FC4B64D8648F" box="[333,393,919,945]" name="United States of America" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">USA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF703EEB502B9BFC4B64B6648F" box="[405,487,919,945]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">IOWA</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
same data as holotype,
<specimenCode id="DB9AB966703EEB5028F6FC4B66C4648C" box="[760,917,919,946]" collectionCode="CNC" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CNC1144055</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9AB966703EEB5029AEFC4B616C648C" box="[928,1085,919,946]" collectionCode="CNC" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CNC1144058</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9AB966703EEB502E47FC4B61B2648F" box="[1097,1251,919,945]" collectionCode="CNC" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CNC1144062</specimenCode>
(2♁
<specimenCount id="9D3ADA94703EEB502F10FC4B606E648F" box="[1310,1343,919,945]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
), Deco- rah,
<location id="8EE347C6703EEB502AC9FC60646864EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0395A00B703EEB512A99FD3F676163D7:8EE347C6703EEB502AC9FC60646864EB" box="[199,313,955,982]" country="United States of America" name="Dug Road" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Iowa">Dug Road</location>
,
<date id="FF8237DD703EEB502B4CFC6764ED64EB" box="[322,444,955,981]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2017-06-30">
<collectingDate id="EFC6CE35703EEB502B4CFC6764ED64EB" box="[322,444,955,981]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2017-06-30">30.vi.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
, em. by
<date id="FF8237DD703EEB50281AFC6767C464EB" box="[532,661,955,981]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2017-07-21">
<collectingDate id="EFC6CE35703EEB50281AFC6767C464EB" box="[532,661,955,981]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2017-07-21">21.vii.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26C974CB703EEB502891FC60660C64EB" box="[671,861,955,982]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">J. van der Linden</collectorName>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703EEB50298BFC67612064EB" box="[901,1137,955,981]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Polymnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB50298BFC67612064EB" box="[901,1137,955,981]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Polymnia canadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, #
<specimenCode id="DB9AB966703EEB502E85FC6761A864E8" box="[1163,1273,955,982]" collectionCode="CSE" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CSE4654</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9AB966703EEB502F0CFC6760CD64EB" box="[1282,1436,955,981]" collectionCode="CNC" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CNC1144029</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCount id="9D3ADA94703EEB502AADFC03659564C7" box="[163,196,991,1017]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502AC9FBDF64C1637C" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="3B541B40703EEB502AC9FBDF64DC637C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3069844462" collectingDate="2017-10-20" collectingDateMax="2018-04-18" collectingDateMin="2017-10-20" collectionCode="CNC" collectorName="MJ Hatfield" country="United States of America" county="Winneshiek Co." latitude="43.433006" location="Craggy Rocks" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.00831" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="CNC1144054, CNC1144056-1144057, CNC1144065- 1144073" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iowa">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502AC9FBDF67606323" bold="true" box="[199,561,1027,1053]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Additional material examined.</emphasis>
same data as holotype,
<specimenCode id="DB9AB966703EEB502938FBDF66856320" box="[822,980,1027,1054]" collectionCode="CNC" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CNC1144054</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9AB966703EEB5029D3FBDF61B86320" box="[989,1257,1027,1054]" collectionCode="CNC" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CNC11440561144057</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9AB966703EEB502EFAFBDF65A9637F" collectionCode="CNC" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">CNC1144065 1144073</specimenCode>
(13 puparia)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3264296703EEB502AC9FB97672963B7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502AC9FB97672963B7" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502AC9FB97641F635B" bold="true" box="[199,334,1099,1125]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet refers to the position of the larval mines (Gr.
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502E39FB97613C635B" box="[1079,1133,1099,1125]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">hypo</emphasis>
—“under, beneath”) on the lower surface of leaves of
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703EEB502BB1FBB3672963B7" authority="Kalm." box="[447,632,1135,1161]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Polymnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502BB1FBB3677B63B7" box="[447,554,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Polymnia</emphasis>
Kalm.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3264296703EEB502AC9FB4F67FE6297" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502AC9FB4F67F26390" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" box="[199,675,1171,1198]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502AC9FB4F64576393" bold="true" box="[199,262,1171,1197]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Host.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703EEB502B02FB4864DA6390" box="[268,395,1172,1198]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703EEB502B9BFB4F67F26390" authority="L." box="[405,675,1171,1198]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Polymnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502B9BFB4F67D56393" box="[405,644,1171,1197]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Polymnia canadensis</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502AC9FB6B61886227" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502AC9FB6B641963EF" bold="true" box="[199,328,1207,1233]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Leaf mine.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13070D98703EEB502B57FB6B64B363EC" box="[345,482,1207,1234]" captionStart="FIGURES 7386" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1743,1767]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-17@49.[151,1436,181,1719]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 7386. Mines of Phytomyzinae on host plants: 73: Liriomyza blechi Spencer on Ruellia carolinensis; 74: Liriomyza cf. cracentis Lonsdale on Ageratina altissima; 75: L. euphorbivora Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Euphorbia marginata; 76: L. hypopolymnia Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Polymnia canadensis, upper surface; 77: same, lower surface; 78: L. orilliensis on Nabalus sp.; 79: L. cf. taraxaci Hering on Krigia virginica; 80: L. trifolii (Burgess) on Mecardonia acuminata; 81: Phytomyza cf. aesculi Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale on Aesculus flava; 82: P. flavilonicera Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Lonicera sempervirens; 83: same; 84: P. notopleuralis Spencer on Cornus sericea; 85: P. thermarum (Griffiths) on Erigeron pulchellus; 86: P. triostevena Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov. on Triosteum sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545359/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 7677</figureCitation>
) A long, rather indistinct, linear mine on the lower leaf surface, with frass in grains and beaded strips along the sides; the mine may be evident from above as a faint green line or mottling. Some mines intermittently switch to the upper surface, where they are much more distinct and appear whitish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502AC9FAFF667F6203" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" box="[199,814,1315,1341]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502AC9FAFF64196203" bold="true" box="[199,328,1315,1341]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Puparium.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13070D98703EEB502B59FAFF64F96203" box="[343,424,1315,1341]" captionStart="FIGURES 4047" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-27@46.[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 4047. Figures 4043: Liriomyza euphorbivora Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov., holotype; 40: dorsal; 41: head; 42: lateral; 43: habitus. Figures 4447: L. hypopolymnia Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov.; 44: paratype, dorsal; 45: same, head; 46: same, lateral; 47: puparia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545351/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
) Yellow; formed outside the mine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502AC9FA9B67FE6297" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502AC9FA9B64A5625F" bold="true" box="[199,500,1351,1377]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phenology and voltinism.</emphasis>
This species is at least bivoltine in
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF703EEB50298CFA9466EF625C" box="[898,958,1352,1378]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Iowa</collectingRegion>
. Larvae have been found in late June, with an adult emerging within a few weeks; larvae of the overwintering generation have been found from mid-October to mid-November, emerging as adults in spring.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3264296703EEB512AC9FA6F675665F3" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502AC9FA6F61DF62F0" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" box="[199,1166,1459,1486]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502AC9FA6F643062F3" bold="true" box="[199,353,1459,1485]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F32B518D703EEB502B69FA6F64F262F3" box="[359,419,1459,1485]" name="United States of America" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">USA</collectingCountry>
: IA; leaf mines have also been found in PA (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC703EEB50299AFA6F617562F3" author="Woods, P." box="[916,1060,1459,1485]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref43349" refString="Woods, P. (2018) Linear mines in Polymnia canadensis. Available from: https: // bugguide. net / node / view / 1489388 (accessed 13 December 2019)" type="url" year="2018">Woods 2018</bibRefCitation>
) and TN.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502AC9FA0B64AB6163" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502AC9FA0B64F062CF" bold="true" box="[199,417,1495,1521]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Adult description.</emphasis>
Wing length 1.92.0 mm (♁),
<quantity id="4CC4BCF8703EEB50290FFA0B660962CC" box="[769,856,1495,1522]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
(
<specimenCount id="9D3ADA94703EEB502965FA0B662F62CF" box="[875,894,1495,1521]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female"></specimenCount>
). Length of ultimate section of vein M
<subScript id="17B81358703EEB502F36FA36601162C6" attach="left" box="[1336,1344,1514,1528]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">4</subScript>
divided by penultimate section: 2.53.1. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.37.0. First flagellomere rounded and slightly enlarged, being higher than long; distal margin with longer hairs subequal to width of base of arista. Thorax subshining. Vein dm-m slightly angled.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB502AC9F9BB6601602C" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502AC9F9BB641661BF" box="[199,327,1639,1665]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
: Two ors, two ori; anterior ori slightly shorter. Four dorsocentral setae, decreasing in length anteriorly, only posterior two pairs strong. Six rows of acrostichal setulae; reduced in number posteriorly, typical of
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703EEB502A99F96C645861F7" box="[151,265,1712,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502A99F96C645861F7" box="[151,265,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Liriomyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but posterior-most pairs between first pair of dorsocentrals atypical in being widely spaced and incurved. Eye bare and mid tibia without medial setae (eye often minutely haired and mid tibia with posteromedial seta in
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703EEB502A99F9246458602F" box="[151,265,1784,1809]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502A99F9246458602F" box="[151,265,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Liriomyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with convergent posteromedial acrostichal setulae).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D703EEB512AC9F8C761856693" blockId="28.[151,1437,847,2026]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1437,151,1257]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502AC9F8C76413600B" box="[199,322,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Coloration</emphasis>
: (
<figureCitation id="13070D98703EEB502B53F8C764B96008" box="[349,488,1819,1846]" captionStart="FIGURES 4047" captionStartId="46.[151,264,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-27@46.[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 4047. Figures 4043: Liriomyza euphorbivora Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov., holotype; 40: dorsal; 41: head; 42: lateral; 43: habitus. Figures 4447: L. hypopolymnia Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov.; 44: paratype, dorsal; 45: same, head; 46: same, lateral; 47: puparia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545351/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 4446</figureCitation>
) Overall color of most specimens relatively pale yellow compared to congeners, perhaps because specimens were preserved while still slightly teneral; base color of most whitish-yellow with pigmented patches brown to orange-brown, but female specimen CSE4654 with color typical of most other
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703EEB502F25F8B860CC6043" box="[1323,1437,1892,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703EEB502F25F8B860CC6043" box="[1323,1437,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Liriomyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with pigment dark brown. Setae brown with yellowish shine (shine not pronounced on major setae of thorax and head). Ocellar tubercle light brown; posterolateral corner of frons with light brown spot reaching margin of eye, but not base of vertical setae; back of head brown with venter yellow. Scutum brown with complete lateral yellow stripe that is relatively wide and encompasses base of posterior inter-alar and supra-alar setae; posterior margin of scutum yellow with quadrate spot between dorsocentral rows that has anterior corners extending as one pair of small short points approaching bases of second dorsocentrals; spot on postpronotum and anterolateral spot on scutellum faded, small. Mediotergite dark brown; anatergite with small brown anteroventral spot extending onto posteroventral corner of katatergite. Anepisternum with very small faded anteroventral spot; anepimeron entirely pale; katepisternum brown ventrally, far from base of seta; meron brown on ventral half. Hind tarsus sometimes brownish apically. Abdomen paler brown dorsally with wide yellow lateral margin; stripe narrows to medial spot on tergite 5; epandrium light brown with dorsomedial region light yellow. Calypter margin slightly greyish, hairs yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D703FEB512AC9FE6B675665F3" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB512AC9FE6B646066EF" box="[199,305,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Genitalia</emphasis>
: (
<figureCitation id="13070D98703FEB512B46FE6B64BA66EF" box="[328,491,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 144147" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,192,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-27@60.[174,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 144147. Liriomyza hypopolymnia Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov., male genitalia; 144: external components, ventral; 145: ejaculatory apodeme; 146: phallus, ventral; 147: same, left lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545386/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 144147</figureCitation>
) Epandrium separate from surstylus, with one pair of small ventral spines. Surstylus with one pair of large spines (apical and basal). Phallophorus with venter reduced, short. Basiphallus sclerotized along dorsal and left lateral surfaces, with narrow process extending from left apical margin. Hypophallus small, narrow, with short apical hairs. Paraphallus very small, narrow. Ejaculatory duct swollen and pigmented apically. Mesophallus subcylindrical, tapered at base and apex, very lightly fused to distiphallus; venter flared along suture. Distiphallus wider and longer than mesophallus, cup-shaped with base tapered (abruptly constricted in ventral view), widest before apex, enclosing small internal processes. Ejaculatory apodeme very pale, narrow; sperm pump with small ventral sclerotization.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3264296703FEB512AC9FD0A676163D7" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B83111D703FEB512AC9FD0A613C6407" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB512AC9FD0A641E65CE" bold="true" box="[199,335,726,752]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Comments.</emphasis>
The only previous record of an agromyzid from
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703FEB512978FD0B66B065CF" box="[886,993,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Polymnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB512978FD0B66B065CF" box="[886,993,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Polymnia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is that of an undetermined stem-boring
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703FEB512A99FD27641D642B" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,332,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Melanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB512A99FD27641D642B" box="[151,332,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Melanagromyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species we reared from
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703FEB51286AFD2767AD642B" box="[612,764,763,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Polymnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB51286AFD2767AD642B" box="[612,764,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. canadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingRegion id="49F8DFFF703FEB51292DFD27660A642B" box="[803,859,763,789]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Iowa</collectingRegion>
(Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale 2019). The host of the Venezuelan
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703FEB512AFAFCC364BE6407" authority="Spencer" authorityName="Spencer" authorityYear="1973" box="[244,495,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Melanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polymniae">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB512AFAFCC364DF6407" box="[244,398,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">M. polymniae</emphasis>
Spencer
</taxonomicName>
is
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703FEB512801FCC361386407" authority="(Kunth) H. Rob. (Spencer 1990)" authorityName="H. Rob. (Spencer" authorityYear="1990" box="[527,1129,799,826]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Smallanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="riparius">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB512801FCC367AA6406" box="[527,763,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Smallanthus riparius</emphasis>
(Kunth) H.Rob. (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC703FEB5129CFFCC361316407" author="Spencer, K. A." box="[961,1120,799,825]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 444" refId="ref42646" refString="Spencer, K. A. (1990) Host specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera). Series entomologica, 45, i-xii + 1 - 444. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 009 - 1874 - 0" type="journal article" year="1990">Spencer 1990</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B83111D703FEB512AC9FC9F676163D7" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703FEB512AC9FC9F64B16463" authorityName="Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale" authorityYear="2021" box="[199,480,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypopolymnia">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB512AC9FC9F64B16463" box="[199,480,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Liriomyza hypopolymnia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct in being quite pale with the vertical setae on yellow, the abdomen largely yellow and the scutum posteriorly yellow with a subquadrate yellow spot in front of the scutellum between the dorsocentral rows. This subquadrate spot has small points anterolaterally along the dorsocentral rows, and the few acrostichal setulae within the spot are incurved. These characters are also seen in some
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703FEB512E77FC73618D64F7" box="[1145,1244,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blechi">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB512E77FC73618D64F7" box="[1145,1244,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. blechi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, except this species usually has the brown scutal spot divided into bands, the third dorsocentral is most reduced (not with anterior two pairs of dorsocentrals reduced with the fourth smallest), and the mid tibia has two posteromedial setae. The male genitalia of this species are also drastically different (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC703FEB512968FBC7614F630B" author="Lonsdale, O." box="[870,1054,1051,1077]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref41359" refString="Lonsdale, O. (2017 a) The Liriomyza (Agromyzidae: Schizophora: Diptera) of Canada &amp; Alaska. Zootaxa, 4234 (1), 1 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4234.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Lonsdale 2017a</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="13070D98703FEB512E24FBC761E5630B" box="[1066,1204,1051,1077]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 2431" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3239" captionStartId-0="44.[151,264,1811,1835]" captionStartId-1="45.[151,264,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,198,1787]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@44.[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@45.[151,1436,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId-0="44" captionTargetPageId-1="45" captionText-0="FIGURES 2431. Figures 2428: Ophiomyia nabali Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov.; 24: holotype, dorsal; 25: same, head; 26: same, lateral; 27: puparium within host; 28: same, host epidermis peeled back. Figures 2931: O. rugula Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov.; 29: holotype, dorsal; 30: same, head; 31: same, lateral." captionText-1="FIGURES 3239. Haplopeodes loprestii Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, spec. nov.; 32: holotype male; 33: paratype female; 34: puparia; 35: holotype male, dorsal; 36: same, lateral; 37: same, head; 38: paratype female, dorsal; 39: same, lateral." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545347" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545349" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4545347/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4545349/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 2932</figureCitation>
). The genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703FEB512F88FBC764676367" authorityName="Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypopolymnia">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB512F88FBC764676367" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. hypopolymnia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
more closely resemble those of other species with a large, pale cup-shaped distiphallus such as
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703FEB512F88FBE365AF6342" baseAuthorityName="Lonsdale" baseAuthorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eupatorii">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB512F88FBE365AF6342" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. eupatorii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the new species differs from most of these in having a lateromedially constricted distiphallus and a surstylus with two spines (one apical and one basal); both of these features are shared by
<taxonomicName id="4C3C6A9E703FEB512E87FB5B603C639F" authority="Spencer" authorityName="Spencer" authorityYear="1963" box="[1161,1389,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabaziae">
<emphasis id="B948CD0F703FEB512E87FB5B6058639F" box="[1161,1289,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. sabaziae</emphasis>
Spencer
</taxonomicName>
, but this is a much darker species with a slightly smaller distiphallus that is dorsoventrally compressed on the basal half (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD6CEC703FEB512AC5FB13642563D7" author="Lonsdale, O." box="[203,372,1231,1257]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref41317" refString="Lonsdale, O. (2011) The Liriomyza (Agromyzidae: Schizophora: Diptera) of California. Zootaxa, 2850 (1), 1 - 123. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2850.1.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Lonsdale 2011</bibRefCitation>
: Figs. 202, 203).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>