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<document id="3C630C926714F70171420D4438EE7072" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.13229479" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13229479" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722894283006" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Das, Indraneil &amp; Haas, Alexander" docDate="2003" docId="563D0C129D4AFFA0FECC5558FBD6F951" docLanguage="en" docName="RafflesBZool.51.1.109-113.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 51 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:19380AF0FBA5B2F218DD253A34ABE57F.5:RafflesBZool.2003-2005.journal_article" docStyleId="19380AF0FBA5B2F218DD253A34ABE57F" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2003-2005.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Kalophrynus eok Das &amp; Haas, 2003, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="111" masterDocId="AA04746A9D4BFFA2FFCA5019FFB0FFE9" masterDocTitle="A New Species Of Kalophrynus (Anura: Microhylidae) From The Highlands Of North-Central Borneo" masterLastPageNumber="113" masterPageNumber="109" pageNumber="110" updateTime="1722902944114" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="E1BBDDD551280281F3C1E5F220AD8198" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="82FB7332159D0C36F9929EA5C8A93276">
<mods:title id="B72233C6BD5E9489279ABE992D9FDB79">A New Species Of Kalophrynus (Anura: Microhylidae) From The Highlands Of North-Central Borneo</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="68A424DFAC621FD6EDC25C00EC2AC0BB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="41E6ED8F849430321D230694F62D39C7">
<mods:roleTerm id="5688ED4E4ECA022559378CF900E6442B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="491BA2E7B09CC675CAE542AABEB464C0">Das, Indraneil</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CD105C083042608EE0399B7E95C89CC1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CCEF0931C9DD6640900DC90FAB4C0109">
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<mods:namePart id="1C31900401EDA4430FEA5EEED78B9492">Haas, Alexander</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="A05C81AAF1F228756438A3EA6D018FC0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A272E458ABEFEFE4285FE14162602FF0">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A051BAFBC47C9386F7DC850D0A0B7BD9">
<mods:date id="E5BC3A0325498B04BB148F926975F04F">2003</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="75F92320D8C4D7DE2B79BEC91847E4B6" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7FF73A4032C3ED8A1D562B9899B43E05">51</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="A7E59479901A4D262100C8911B97AE66" type="issue">
<mods:number id="796874C71FB354BF19CE6B87AB9174B4">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="E16B7D7204CBE1D6633229478FF5A121">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="223AEDEA9D7DCDE44E311D7BA0544641" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.13229479</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="15694B6C20A08EE4727321E963BFEF8C" type="ISSN">2345-7600</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E6F7134194B33A19581487A3E781A18A" type="Zenodo-Dep">13229479</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="563D0C129D4AFFA0FECC5558FBD6F951" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:563D0C129D4AFFA0FECC5558FBD6F951" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/563D0C129D4AFFA0FECC5558FBD6F951" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<subSubSection id="968EEE8F9D4AFFA3FECC5558FDEBFAB1" box="[262,603,1344,1369]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D4AFFA3FECC5558FDEBFAB1" blockId="1.[262,603,1344,1400]" box="[262,603,1344,1369]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<heading id="85630A689D4AFFA3FECC5558FDEBFAB1" bold="true" box="[262,603,1344,1369]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" reason="2">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D4AFFA3FECC5558FDEBFAB1" bold="true" box="[262,603,1344,1369]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D4AFFA3FECC5558FE7CFAB0" bold="true" box="[262,460,1345,1369]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D4AFFA3FECC5558FE77FAB0" ID-CoL="6NK4Y" authorityName="Das &amp; Haas" authorityYear="2003" box="[262,455,1345,1369]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eok" status="sp. nov.">Kalophrynus eok</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F7D3DC6D9D4AFFA3FE1F5559FDEBFAB1" box="[469,603,1344,1368]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="968EEE8F9D4AFFA3FEB95578FE5EFA91" box="[371,494,1377,1400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" type="description">
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D4AFFA3FEB95578FE5EFA91" blockId="1.[262,603,1344,1400]" box="[371,494,1377,1400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
(
<figureCitation id="46AFA1819D4AFFA3FEB15578FE78FA91" box="[379,456,1377,1400]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[813,849,1517,1538]" captionTargetBox="[813,1453,1072,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-654@1.[813,1453,1072,1498]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Lateral view of holotype of Kalophrynus eok, new species (SBC A.00310), in life." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229481/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="46AFA1819D4AFFA3FE125578FE56FA91" box="[472,486,1377,1400]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[813,849,2066,2087]" captionTargetBox="[814,1453,1621,2047]" captionTargetId="figure-655@1.[814,1453,1621,2047]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 2. Ventral view of holotype of Kalophrynus eok, new species (SBC A.00310), in life." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229483/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="968EEE8F9D4AFFA3FFBB55B9FE5CF861" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D4AFFA3FFBB55B9FF64F9C0" blockId="1.[113,752,1440,1577]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D4AFFA3FFBB55B9FEF6FA5C" bold="true" box="[113,326,1440,1461]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">Material examined. –</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="6EFCB7599D4AFFA3FE8155B9FF64F9C0" collectingDate="2001-09-09" collectorName="A. Haas &amp; I. Das" country="Malaysia" latitude="3.7005556" location="Bario" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="115.534996" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="012F03A69D4AFFA3FE8155B9FE16FA5C" box="[331,422,1440,1461]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
- Adult male, SBC A.00310 (field number ID-7474;
<typeStatus id="012F03A69D4AFFA3FEEB55A4FEC8FA3B" box="[289,376,1469,1490]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) from Long Re (
<geoCoordinate id="BBA0DBC39D4AFFA3FDD155A4FD23FA3B" box="[539,659,1469,1490]" degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" precision="15" seconds="2" value="3.7005556">03º 42’ 2”N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="BBA0DBC39D4AFFA3FD5455A4FF18FA06" degrees="115" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" precision="15" seconds="06" value="115.534996">115º 32’ 06”E</geoCoordinate>
), east of
<location id="DB4BEBDF9D4AFFA3FEC455C3FEF6FA06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:563D0C129D4AFFA0FECC5558FBD6F951:DB4BEBDF9D4AFFA3FEC455C3FEF6FA06" box="[270,326,1498,1519]" country="Malaysia" latitude="3.7005556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="115.534996" name="Bario" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">Bario</location>
along forest trail to Kalimantan border, Sarawak, East
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D4AFFA3FEC455EEFEDBF9E5" box="[270,363,1527,1548]" name="Malaysia" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(Borneo), coll.
<collectorName id="7361D8D29D4AFFA3FDD255EEFDDCF9E5" box="[536,620,1527,1548]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">A. Haas</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="7361D8D29D4AFFA3FD5E55EEFD65F9E5" box="[660,725,1527,1548]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">I. Das</collectorName>
,
<date id="AA2A9BC49D4AFFA3FD2E55EEFF60F9C0" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" value="2001-09-09">
<collectingDate id="BA6E622C9D4AFFA3FD2E55EEFF60F9C0" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" value="2001-09-09">9 Sep.2001</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D4AFFA3FCE750D8FA81FDD1" blockId="1.[813,1452,193,568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
projecting slightly beyond mandible; nostrils dorso-laterally positioned, nearer tip of snout than to orbit of eye (E-N/ES ratio 0.78); internarial distance greater than distance from anterior margin of eye to nostril (
<collectionCode id="B88525C19D4AFFA3FB6F5138FB72FED1" box="[1189,1218,289,312]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">IN</collectionCode>
/E-N ratio 1.05); eye small (
<collectionCode id="B88525C19D4AFFA3FCB95158FC27FEB1" box="[883,919,321,344]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">ED</collectionCode>
/HL ratio 0.55); its diameter less than eye to nostril distance (
<collectionCode id="B88525C19D4AFFA3FC585178FC06FE91" box="[914,950,353,376]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">ED</collectionCode>
/E-N ratio 1.38); interorbital width greater than upper eyelid width (
<collectionCode id="B88525C19D4AFFA3FBDF5198FB82FE71" box="[1045,1074,385,408]" country="Portugal" name="Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade de Lisboa" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">IO</collectionCode>
/UE ratio 2.05); canthus rostralis distinct; loreal region vertical; upperjaw edentate; a ‘W’- shaped notch (= symphysial knob) on anterior edge of mandible; mouth extends to posterior corner of eye; tongue elongate, smooth, with rounded tip; pupil horizontal; tympanum distinct; supratympanic fold absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D4AFFA3FCE75278FC78FC71" blockId="1.[813,1452,609,920]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">Fingers basally webbed, the inner and outer margins of finger IV with skin fringes; relative length of fingers (measurements in parentheses, in mm): 3 (4.0)&gt; 2 (2.1)&gt; 1 (1.4)&gt; 4 (1.2); finger tips rounded but not dilated; subarticular tubercles prominent, rounded, numbering one on first, second and fourth fingers, two on third finger; fleshy palmar tubercles; portion of finger IV projecting from palm longer than terminal phalanx of finger III; smooth nuptial pads present on upper surfaces of fingers II and III; no enlarged glands on lower arm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D4AFFA3FCE753D8FE5CF861" blockId="1.[813,1452,961,1016]" lastBlockId="1.[113,753,1617,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
Toes webbed basally to below level of basal subarticular tubercle of toe IV and level of subarticular tubercle of toe
<emphasis id="ECE061169D4AFFA3FFBB5648FF4CF980" bold="true" box="[113,252,1617,1641]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">Diagnosis. –</emphasis>
A small (
<collectionCode id="B88525C19D4AFFA3FEA35648FE2DF981" box="[361,413,1617,1640]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">SVL</collectionCode>
<quantity id="196C10E19D4AFFA3FE6F5648FDB6F981" box="[421,518,1617,1640]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.63" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" unit="mm" value="26.3">26.3 mm</quantity>
in the only specimen known, an adult male) species of
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D4AFFA3FE1D5668FDD2F961" authorityName="Das &amp; Haas" authorityYear="2003" box="[471,610,1649,1672]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D4AFFA3FE1D5668FDD2F961" box="[471,610,1649,1672]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">Kalophrynus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, diagnosable from congeneric species in showing the following combination of characters: snout obtuse, slightly projecting beyond mandible; head wider than long; fingers and toes basally webbed; a single subarticular tubercle on finger IV; inner and outer metarsal tubercles present; dorsum brick-red, with dark interorbital bar, shoulder chevron and transverse body bar irregular in outline and fused with each other; and inguinal ocellus absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="8AEBED8C9D4AFFA3FCE755F4FBA9F9F6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229481" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13229481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229481/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" startId="1.[813,849,1517,1538]" targetBox="[813,1453,1072,1498]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D4AFFA3FCE755F4FBA9F9F6" blockId="1.[813,1452,1517,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
Fig. 1. Lateral view of holotype of
<emphasis id="ECE061169D4AFFA3FB4F55F7FA81F9EA" box="[1157,1329,1518,1539]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D4AFFA3FB4F55F7FA9DF9EA" authorityName="Das &amp; Haas" authorityYear="2003" box="[1157,1325,1518,1539]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eok" status="sp. nov.">Kalophrynus eok</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F7D3DC6D9D4AFFA3FAFD55F4FA1CF9EB" box="[1335,1452,1517,1538]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
(SBC A.00310), in life.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="968EEE8F9D4AFFA0FFBB57A8FD61FA31" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" type="description">
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D4AFFA3FFBB57A8FD40F7C1" blockId="1.[113,752,1969,2088]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D4AFFA3FFBB57A8FD90F820" bold="true" box="[113,544,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
Description of
<typeStatus id="012F03A69D4AFFA3FEDD57A8FEC5F820" box="[279,373,1969,1993]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(adult male). –
</emphasis>
A small species of
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D4AFFA3FFBB57C8FE8DF801" authority=", SVL" authorityName="SVL" box="[113,317,2001,2024]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D4AFFA3FFBB57C8FF4CF801" box="[113,252,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">Kalophrynus</emphasis>
, SVL
</taxonomicName>
<quantity id="196C10E19D4AFFA3FE8E57C8FE18F801" box="[324,424,2001,2024]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.63" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" unit="mm" value="26.3">26.3 mm</quantity>
; body elongate, with a narrow waist; head broader than long (HW/HL ratio 1.32); snout obtusely pointed when viewed dorsally and laterally;
</paragraph>
<caption id="8AEBED8C9D4AFFA3FCE7580BFBA9F7AA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229483" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13229483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229483/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" startId="1.[813,849,2066,2087]" targetBox="[814,1453,1621,2047]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D4AFFA3FCE7580BFBA9F7AA" blockId="1.[813,1451,2066,2115]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
Fig. 2. Ventral view of holotype of
<emphasis id="ECE061169D4AFFA3FB4F580BFA81F7CE" box="[1157,1329,2066,2087]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="110">
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D4AFFA3FB4F580BFA9DF7CE" authorityName="Das &amp; Haas" authorityYear="2003" box="[1157,1325,2066,2087]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eok" status="sp. nov.">Kalophrynus eok</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F7D3DC6D9D4AFFA3FAFD580BFA1BF7CE" box="[1335,1451,2066,2087]" pageId="1" pageNumber="110" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
(SBC A.00310), in life.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D49FFA0FF4250D8FED9FE91" blockId="2.[136,775,193,376]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">III; relative length of toes (measurements in parentheses, in mm): 4 (6.4)&gt; 3 (4.2)&gt; 5 (3.7)&gt; 2 (2.4)&gt; 1 (0.6); toe tips rounded; subarticular tubercles prominent, rounded, numbering one on first and second toes; two on third and fifth toes; and three on fourth toe; rounded inner and outer metatarsal tubercles.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D49FFA0FF4251B8FDE0FDF1" blockId="2.[136,775,417,536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Dorsum granular, especially on eyelids and upper surfaces of limbs; no supratympanic fold extends from posterior angle of eye to base of forelimbs; abdomen and inner side of thighs have large, flattened glandular structures.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D49FFA0FF425258FDBBFCB1" blockId="2.[136,775,577,856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FF425258FF5FFDB0" bold="true" box="[136,239,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Colour. –</emphasis>
In life, brick-red dorsally, with a sepia interorbital band, fused posteriorly with an irregular, inverted V-shaped scapular mark which is followed by an irregular transverse band across midbody of the same colour; venter flesh color, sides of throat peach red; pectoral and abdominal regions with scattered cream spots; nuptial pads on fingers II and III cream; no inguinal ocellus; and flattened glandular structures of the venter, especially on gular region and lower surfaces of thighs and tibia cream coloured.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D49FFA0FF425398FF6AFC11" blockId="2.[136,775,897,1016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FF425398FE15FC70" bold="true" box="[136,421,897,921]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Measurements (in mm). –</emphasis>
SVL 26.3; HL 5.3; HW 7.0; HD 5.5; BW 9.5; TBL 11.8; TD (vertical) 1.9; TD (horizontal) 1.8; ED 2.9; UE 2.2; IN 2.2; IO 4.5; E-S 2.7; E-N 2.1; AG 11.7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D49FFA0FF425438FF09FBB1" blockId="2.[136,774,1057,1112]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
Etymology. –
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FEE85438FE15FBD1" authority=", Kelabit" authorityName="Kelabit" box="[290,421,1057,1080]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eok">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FEE85438FEF7FBD1" box="[290,327,1057,1080]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">eok</emphasis>
, Kelabit
</taxonomicName>
for tiny, in allusion to the small size.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D49FFA0FF425498FD61FA31" blockId="2.[136,776,1153,1496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FF425498FEE8FB70" bold="true" box="[136,344,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Ecological notes. –</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="012F03A69D49FFA0FE475498FE5BFB71" box="[397,491,1153,1176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and only known specimen was found calling from a water-filled node of a fallen bamboo, across a forest path within a primary submontane forest at an elevation of ca.
<quantity id="196C10E19D49FFA0FE7254F8FDA1FB11" box="[440,529,1249,1272]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" unit="m" value="1050.0">1,050 m</quantity>
above mean sea level. It was collected around 0900 h, following a night of torrential rainfall. Its call can be described as a single, low pitched note, emitted ca. every 3 secs. The following species of frogs were found sympatric with the new species:
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FDB55578FF5BFA71" baseAuthorityName="Andersson" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Limnonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leporinus">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FDB55578FF5BFA71" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Limnonectes leporinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FF3C5598FEFDFA71" baseAuthorityName="Tschudi" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[246,333,1409,1432]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Limnonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuhlii">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FF3C5598FEFDFA71" box="[246,333,1409,1432]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">L. kuhlii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FE925598FDDAFA71" box="[344,618,1409,1432]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FE925598FE7AFA71" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1891" box="[344,458,1409,1432]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hosii">Rana hosii</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FE195598FDD6FA71" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[467,614,1409,1432]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chalconota">R. chalconota</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FDA55598FF5EFA51" authority=", Staurois" authorityName="Staurois" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signata">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FDA55598FD36FA71" box="[623,646,1409,1432]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">R.</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FD795598FF5EFA51" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">signata, Staurois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FF3655B8FD7FFA51" box="[252,719,1441,1464]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">natator, Nyctixalus pictus, Philautus</emphasis>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FF4255D8FE18FA31" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1885" box="[136,424,1473,1496]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Leptobrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanum">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FF4255D8FE18FA31" box="[136,424,1473,1496]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Leptobrachium montanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FE2A55D8FD61FA31" box="[480,721,1473,1496]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FE2A55D8FD7DFA31" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[480,717,1473,1496]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="berdmorei">Microhyla berdmorei</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="968EEE8F9D49FFA0FF425618FBD6F951" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="DE2BBD049D49FFA0FF425618FBD6F951" blockId="2.[136,775,1537,2104]" lastBlockId="2.[835,1475,193,1720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FF425618FEB5F9F0" bold="true" box="[136,261,1537,1561]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Remarks. –</emphasis>
The new species from the Kelabit Highlands is compared with all known congeners, listing only opposing suites of characters for congeners:
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FDC65658FEBCF991" authority="Kiew, 1984" authorityName="Kiew" authorityYear="1984" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baluensis">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FDC65658FCB7F9B1" box="[524,775,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Kalophrynus baluensis</emphasis>
Kiew, 1984
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: endemic to Gunung Kinabalu,
<collectingRegion id="1C5073E69D49FFA0FF425698FF7CF971" box="[136,204,1665,1688]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, East
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FEC35698FEDFF971" box="[265,367,1665,1688]" name="Malaysia" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
), subarticular tubercles on toes weakly developed; toe V with a single subarticular tubercle; toes unwebbed; raised dermal fold in interorbital region; inguinal ocelli yellow, bordered with black; and dorsum light brown with a dark brown patch, comprising closely-located blotches, running from snout to inguinal region;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FD275738FE7AF8B1" authority="(Gunther, 1895)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1895" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bunguranus">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FD275738FEBBF8B1" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. bunguranus</emphasis>
(Günther, 1895)
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: Great Natuna Island,
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FF175778FEFBF891" box="[221,331,1889,1912]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
; the record from Limbang,
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FD435778FD57F891" box="[649,743,1889,1912]" name="Malaysia" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
in
<bibRefCitation id="BA05C0F59D49FFA0FF425798FEFDF871" author="Parker, H" box="[136,333,1921,1944]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" refId="ref4050" refString="Parker, H. W., 1934. A monograph of the frogs of the family Microhylidae. British Museum (Natural History), London. (1) + viii + 208 pp. Reprinted 1966, Johnson, New York." type="book" year="1934">Parker, 1934: 100</bibRefCitation>
, in need of confirmation), snout and eye diameter subequal; parotoid glands present; toes one-third webbed; inguinal ocellus present and raised fold in interorbital region;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FEB357F8FCB7F811" authority="Boulenger, 1900" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1900" box="[377,775,2017,2040]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterochirus">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FEB357F8FD84F811" box="[377,564,2017,2040]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. heterochirus</emphasis>
Boulenger, 1900
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: Borneo), dorsum unpatterned dark brown, with or without bluish-white inguinal spots; dorsum smooth; finger IV with three subarticular tubercles; and no outer metatarsal tubercle;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FB8250F8FA73FF11" authority="(Blyth, 1855)" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[1096,1475,225,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interlineatus">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FB8250F8FABCFF11" box="[1096,1292,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. interlineatus</emphasis>
(Blyth, 1855)
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: south-eastern
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FB405118FB61FEF1" box="[1162,1233,257,280]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FB2B5118FAE1FEF1" box="[1249,1361,257,280]" name="Myanmar" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, northern
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FC895138FC16FED1" box="[835,934,289,312]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Thailand</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FC785138FB91FED1" box="[946,1057,289,312]" name="Cambodia" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FB9D5138FB07FED1" box="[1111,1207,289,312]" name="Vietnam" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
; this taxon was elevated to the rank of species by
<bibRefCitation id="BA05C0F59D49FFA0FB9F5158FA93FEB1" author="Matsui, M" box="[1109,1315,321,344]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" pagination="440 - 445" refId="ref3984" refString="Matsui, M., T. Chan-Ard &amp; J. Nabhitabhata, 1996. Distinct specific status of Kalophrynus pleurostigma interlineatus (Anura: Microhylidae). Copeia, 1996: 440 - 445." type="journal article" year="1996">Matsui et al., 1996</bibRefCitation>
), male SVL to
<quantity id="196C10E19D49FFA0FC895178FC16FE91" box="[835,934,353,376]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.77" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" unit="mm" value="47.7">47.7 mm</quantity>
; outer metarsal tubercle absent; and dorsal pattern comprising a narrow dark line commencing from tip of snout;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FC8951B8FBD2FE51" authority="Inger, 1966" authorityName="Inger" authorityYear="1966" box="[835,1122,417,440]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FC8951B8FC51FE51" box="[835,993,417,440]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. intermedius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BA05C0F59D49FFA0FC2D51B8FBD2FE51" author="Inger, R" box="[999,1122,417,440]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 402" refId="ref3547" refString="Inger, R. F., 1966. The systematics and zoogeography of the Amphibia of Borneo. Fieldiana Zoology, 52: 1 - 402. Reprinted 1990, Lun Hing Trading Company, Kota Kinabalu." type="journal article" year="1966">Inger, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: Borneo), finger IV with two subarticular tubercles; and dorsum brown or purplish-brown, unpatterned or with obscure dark markings;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FC895218FB14FDF1" authority="Yang &amp; Su, 1980" authorityName="Yang &amp; Su" authorityYear="1980" box="[835,1188,513,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="menglienicus">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FC895218FC5BFDF1" box="[835,1003,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. menglienicus</emphasis>
Yang &amp; Su, 1980
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: south-eastern
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FC895238FC37FDD1" box="[835,903,545,568]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">China</collectingCountry>
), toes free; a dark stripe from nostril to anterior corner of mouth, and along sides, from corner of eyes, across flanks, to inguinal region; and dorsum with scattered dark blotches;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FC895298FBCBFD71" authority="Iskandar, 1998" authorityName="Iskandar" authorityYear="1998" box="[835,1147,641,664]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minusculus">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FC895298FC69FD71" box="[835,985,641,664]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. minusculus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BA05C0F59D49FFA0FC145298FBCBFD71" author="Iskandar, D" box="[990,1147,641,664]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" refId="ref3733" refString="Iskandar, D. T., 1998. Amfibi Jawa dan Bali. Puslitbang Biologi- LIPI and GEF- Biodiversity Collections Project, Bogor. xviii + 117 pp; 26 pl. English edition, 1998, The amphibians of Java and Bali. Research and Development Centre for Biology- LIPI and GEF- Biodiversity Collections Project, Bogor. xix + 117 pp; 26 pl." type="book" year="1998">Iskandar, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(distribution:
<collectingRegion id="1C5073E69D49FFA0FADA5298FAF2FD71" box="[1296,1346,641,664]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Java</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FA815298FA07FD71" box="[1355,1463,641,664]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
), several parallel black stripes on dorsum and paired axillary glands present;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FC3552D8FA90FD31" authority="Dring, 1984" authorityName="Dring" authorityYear="1984" box="[1023,1312,705,728]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nubicola">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FC3552D8FB37FD31" box="[1023,1159,705,728]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. nubicola</emphasis>
Dring, 1984
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: Borneo), subarticular tubercles on digits indistinct or absent; males with enlarged glands on lower arm and venter pale orange with blue markings;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FBA55338FA72FCD1" authority="Dutta et al., 2000" authorityName="Dutta" authorityYear="2000" box="[1135,1474,801,824]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orangensis">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FBA55338FAB3FCD1" box="[1135,1283,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. orangensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BA05C0F59D49FFA0FAC05338FA72FCD1" author="Dutta, S" box="[1290,1474,801,824]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" pagination="67 - 74" refId="ref3349" refString="Dutta, S. K., M. F. Ahmed &amp; I. Das, 2000. Kalophrynus (Anura: Microhylidae), a new genus for India, with the description of a new species, Kalophrynus orangensis, from Assam State. Hamadryad, 25 (2): 67 - 74." type="journal article" year="2000">Dutta et al., 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(distribution:
<collectingRegion id="1C5073E69D49FFA0FC1C5358FBEFFCB1" box="[982,1119,833,856]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Assam State</collectingRegion>
, north-eastern
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FB375358FA88FCB1" box="[1277,1336,833,856]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">India</collectingCountry>
), SVL
<quantity id="196C10E19D49FFA0FA495358FCC0FC91" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" unit="mm" value="36.5" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="35.0">35-38 mm</quantity>
; supratympanic fold present; fingers free of web; a black ocellus in inguinal region and dorsum reddish-brown or cream, with a deep brown inverted V-shaped mark;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FA6353B8FB3AFC31" authority="Kiew, 1984" authorityName="Kiew" authorityYear="1984" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmatissimus">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FA6353B8FC5EFC31" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. palmatissimus</emphasis>
Kiew, 1984
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FC8953F8FC1AFC11" box="[835,938,993,1016]" name="Malaysia" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
), tympanum indistinct; outer metatarsal tubercle absent; webbing on toe IV to beyond median subarticular tubercle; and sole of feet with supernumerary spicules;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FA605438FB32FBB1" authority="(Tschudi, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Tschudi" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleurostigma">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FA605438FC61FBB1" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. pleurostigma</emphasis>
(Tschudi, 1838)
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: southern
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FAB15458FA0EFBB1" box="[1403,1470,1089,1112]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FC895478FC18FB91" box="[835,936,1121,1144]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, the Malay Peninsula, Natuna Island, Sumatra, Borneo, the
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FC0D5498FBF0FB71" box="[967,1088,1153,1176]" name="Philippines" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Philippines</collectingCountry>
islands including
<collectingRegion id="1C5073E69D49FFA0FACE5498FAF4FB71" box="[1284,1348,1153,1176]" country="Philippines" name="Southern Leyte" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Leyte</collectingRegion>
, Mindanao, Maripipi,
<collectingRegion id="1C5073E69D49FFA0FC7954B8FC45FB51" box="[947,1013,1185,1208]" country="Philippines" name="Bohol" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Bohol</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="1C5073E69D49FFA0FBFB54B8FB10FB51" box="[1073,1184,1185,1208]" country="Philippines" name="Camiguin" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Camiguin</collectingRegion>
), SVL to 52.0 mm; black ocellus in inguinal region; venter pale with scattered black pigmentation; finger IV with two subarticular tubercles; and webbing on toe IV to median subarticular tubercle;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FA635518FB8AFAD1" authority="Peters, 1871" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1871" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FA635518FC1CFAD1" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. punctatus</emphasis>
Peters, 1871
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: north-western Borneo and perhaps Pulau Sipura in the Mentawai Archipelago, the latter record in need of confirmation; see Dring et al., “1989” 1990), snout length and eye diameter subequal; tympanum partially obscured; toe V projecting beyond toe III; outer metatarsal tubercle indistinct; and dorsum brown with oblique pale lines on sides of head and flanks;
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FAF155F8FC73F9F1" authority="Smith, 1922" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1922" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FAF155F8FA72FA11" box="[1339,1474,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. robinsoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BA05C0F59D49FFA0FC895618FC73F9F1" author="Smith, M" box="[835,963,1537,1560]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" pagination="263 - 282" refId="ref4172" refString="Smith, M. A., 1922. On a collection of reptiles and batrachians from the mountains of Pahang, Malay Peninsula. Journal of Federated Malay State Museum, 10: 263 - 282." type="journal article" year="1922">Smith, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="A683FD949D49FFA0FB075618FA82F9F1" box="[1229,1330,1537,1560]" name="Malaysia" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
), SVL to 18.0 mm; a series of tubercles along dorsolateral region; snout length and eye diameter subequal; and subarticular tubercles indistinct; and
<taxonomicName id="1994C6879D49FFA0FC245678FA98F991" authority="Inger, 1966" authorityName="Inger" authorityYear="1966" box="[1006,1320,1633,1656]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subterrestris">
<emphasis id="ECE061169D49FFA0FC245678FB2CF991" box="[1006,1180,1633,1656]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="111">K. subterrestris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BA05C0F59D49FFA0FB6C5678FA98F991" author="Inger, R" box="[1190,1320,1633,1656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 402" refId="ref3547" refString="Inger, R. F., 1966. The systematics and zoogeography of the Amphibia of Borneo. Fieldiana Zoology, 52: 1 - 402. Reprinted 1990, Lun Hing Trading Company, Kota Kinabalu." type="journal article" year="1966">Inger, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(distribution: Borneo), dorsum dark brown with scattered pale spots; and pale inguinal spot present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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