379 lines
31 KiB
XML
379 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297094" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316519" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bf407417-8149-4880-bab8-1378cf128772" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905178495" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="C910910983D01F6056306F9736AA1C2F" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Lagomorpha.185-211.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus Pallas 1778" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="95E6C8AE18D226207F241D1CAC234490" lastPageNumber="198" masterDocId="95E6C8AE18D226207F241D1CAC234490" masterDocTitle="Order Lagomorpha" masterLastPageNumber="211" masterPageNumber="185" pageNumber="198" updateTime="1716779586288" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E8A9EA8C79B46E0C04F4A50EFB8341E9">
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<mods:title id="9720878B03C5DE1D59962FBD25B014D2">Order Lagomorpha</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A5AB1668477B19CCCFC831027D27811F">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="63067DC80F65C401C7B1FFE0AB01953A">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="435CC0DFF4D8D2DBDB11A8A87A524107">2005</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="60DC0E3C3F0EBD23C631B494C119935B">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CE0A5A0700CE328E68F4663519DCA1ED">
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<mods:title id="BAA6CCF11B14729A3C8575B451F20C2D">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="434FA38D6688D2A23C420A62F695D0B4">
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<mods:start id="FA0FCFE9B76244510EBC2736252C3EEC">185</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="52CCE8C975BCC728974944623360853C" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="077183986847BE556E28DC6D42B0B5A8" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316519</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C910910983D01F6056306F9736AA1C2F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11333351" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231538952" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11333351" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C910910983D01F6056306F9736AA1C2F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C910910983D01F6056306F9736AA1C2F" lastPageNumber="198" pageNumber="198" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13500156">
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<subSubSection id="7C2D9B6003C059FDE347C3AEDDA46989" pageNumber="198" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="3A6C0397755CEDAF60E2D83808D4FE57" pageNumber="198">
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||
<taxonomicName id="EC5516F46CEE8ECF62A556806591125F" ID-CoL="6PPYF" authority="Pallas 1778" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos">
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<emphasis id="C1DE07226FF965814A8BCD68909419AD" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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Pallas 1778
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="0BFBFEBE18EEAF530B361767C8842F11" pageNumber="198" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="6AEFA1A03F1168D80C3EFC531F3B7C8D" pageNumber="198">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="19FCD177917CDD303E6E8DC581AF7A51" author="Pallas" authority="Pallas 1778" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" page="30" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" title="Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus" volumeTitle="Nova Spec. Quad. Glir. Ord." year="1778">
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<taxonomicName id="1E2CE05C3A01ED5114D9FFD5238E8F92" ID-CoL="6PPYF" authority="Pallas 1778" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos">
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<emphasis id="33FEB3BE8A8C6988E8590AA4089269EA" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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Pallas 1778
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibCitation id="2B00B383F8BA9BB6B21E5E40EE2F48C1" author="Pallas" pageNumber="198" pagination="30" title="Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus" volumeTitle="Nova Spec. Quad. Glir. Ord." year="1778">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="D3D77DA38264D15210AB19BC27A4EB88" rank="species">Nova Spec.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Quad. Glir. Ord.: 30
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</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6F856872A7551373F79A125EC0A20CE2" pageNumber="198" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0D2861E69D84E6176299C0BBC421FE90" pageNumber="198">
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<emphasis id="9343DB15211CBF12546B69D5F33709BD" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="198">Type Locality:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="4DA34906BDF243B0974F59FABC816337" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867321386" country="Poland" pageNumber="198">
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Not stated; restricted by
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<bibRefCitation id="28B3AD6AB1A5B1B64ACA2AEBD9F71BCB" author="Trouessart, E. L." refId="ref359708" refString="Trouessart, E. L. 1910. Faune des Mammiferes d'Europe. R. Friedlander, Berlin, 219 pp." year="1910">Trouessart (1910)</bibRefCitation>
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, to
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<collectingCountry id="1180AE813FD4429E1C15425AFF11D522" name="Poland">Poland</collectingCountry>
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(see discussion in
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<bibRefCitation id="7AB072007439FD037B1CFDEB86F9448F" author="Ognev, S. I." refId="ref264402" refString="Ognev, S. I. 1940. Zveri SSSR i prilezhashchikh stran: Gryzuny. (Zveri vostochnoi Evropy i severnoi Azii) [Mammals of the USSR and adjacent countries: Rodents (Mammals of eastern Europe and northern Asia)]. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, 4: 1 - 615 (in Russian)." year="1940">Ognev, 1940:140</bibRefCitation>
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, who further restricted it to SW
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<collectingCountry id="9CE225F422DDF7EFFA1B836F5D7F92AF" name="Poland">Poland</collectingCountry>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="BCEE41832DD79C76434F969825316EE3" pageNumber="198" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="1140BF56A3037D57F03FB094CE5859E4" pageNumber="198">
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<emphasis id="69DF63219130333412C4E7B3593A9CCD" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="198">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="65121386B3A4D26E6EAE425A2D29432E" language="eng" pageNumber="198">European Hare</vernacularName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1B6A4A85B8F09F77DCF99C39AFB36716" pageNumber="198" type="child_taxa">
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<paragraph id="FA157141AF292FA44042B59D9612C873" pageNumber="198">
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<emphasis id="1006E68A05CB8DB5668DFC811540C953" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="198">Subspecies:</emphasis>
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:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4A0EAFE1BCACE2D2C39E1FA25C086177" pageNumber="198">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="5BB16E7AFE8E01D16E7236EAC244683C" authority="Pallas 1778" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="europaeus">
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<emphasis id="FEBA7010505538EA2F82154F443CD164" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="5E1627F583C33799A9F0325E03507BD7" italics="true" pageNumber="198">europaeus</emphasis>
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Pallas 1778
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B4332D63277BB2F585767B0783A51814" pageNumber="198">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="5298E7E3551C1131A28A7EC2255B2F5C" authority="Hemprich and Erhenberg 1832" authorityName="Hemprich and Erhenberg" authorityYear="1832" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="caspicus">
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<emphasis id="6FA728E9DCB0BF2BB8EE48BD6EAC94B7" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="85AEAAA9A6237CDE664A5E8AE1544A8A" italics="true" pageNumber="198">caspicus</emphasis>
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Hemprich and Erhenberg 1832
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="634951ABD4B5231C33F9B73CABF856CB" pageNumber="198">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="C5F58571CA1FDCD3FC4CC44C8F6255BF" authority="Robinson 1918" authorityName="Robinson" authorityYear="1918" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="connori">
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<emphasis id="D8899021854783F022748B9CFB67DA64" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="DBBFE839338E33346D6147B1989C8DA4" italics="true" pageNumber="198">connori</emphasis>
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Robinson 1918
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5995199A56D9B9B62CC075F9E224ACC9" pageNumber="198">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="15872872FB7E1AB73840193F43E80DC6" authority="Barrett-Hamilton 1903" authorityName="Barrett-Hamilton" authorityYear="1903" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="creticus">
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||
<emphasis id="7313B09EA22FDACC8AF8B84CCCE1B66E" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="139EA3310C9D45B4738E39357060ACB7" italics="true" pageNumber="198">creticus</emphasis>
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Barrett-Hamilton 1903
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A72DF7398ADC2C5699B38A89793B2734" pageNumber="198">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="5B631FB61BBCA70BE0E41F91FF9127C0" authority="Barrett-Hamilton 1903" authorityName="Barrett-Hamilton" authorityYear="1903" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="cyprius">
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<emphasis id="6AD23847B7A864D05941F0E3B73C4206" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="6B12D6BEF349A5A3AAF8037BA93F210D" italics="true" pageNumber="198">cyprius</emphasis>
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Barrett-Hamilton 1903
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="46484CA629D3EDAA8077F951D40384C8" pageNumber="198">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="46CD4EDDF8D3A9AC3073E5A606440EE2" authority="Satunin 1905" authorityName="Satunin" authorityYear="1905" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="cyrensis">
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<emphasis id="71FC816AB44111060BF095383E91E99C" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="476FC356AB452023DFBEE93101C6AD03" italics="true" pageNumber="198">cyrensis</emphasis>
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Satunin 1905
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8893A3FBD38C407872E2845A37B63E73" pageNumber="198">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="235B2E91C93DFF4F860F2A778E093843" authority="Desmarest 1822" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="hybridus">
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<emphasis id="2747992AE7F5E1EDEA6C05EB9E2ACFFE" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="C39D9868F36398EF9531F997A3EE4861" italics="true" pageNumber="198">hybridus</emphasis>
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Desmarest 1822
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="957F243C12394F96606D44DE27C1E4EA" pageNumber="198">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="8BA487A22BBEB35450C1E03EDB58666D" authority="Gray 1867" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="judeae">
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<emphasis id="CCB6C2E53450F7F216DAB46F98CAC673" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="AF343AFFD7F72A1AA3FF57D0FBA041B4" italics="true" pageNumber="198">judeae</emphasis>
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Gray 1867
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="7997C33DD70ACAE508A2D1CFCA8D5349" pageNumber="198">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="1F1F5E15F8CE3C736F034B7179CE1D66" authority="Hilzheimer 1906" authorityName="Hilzheimer" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="karpathorum">
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||
<emphasis id="CF6DF8A0F59160E9810B001791EE59D1" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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||
subsp.
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||
<emphasis id="7E86A970DE39A8C3D967EF23F63614AA" italics="true" pageNumber="198">karpathorum</emphasis>
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Hilzheimer 1906
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="46CDB48DEFD4894C8E967361D73936AA" pageNumber="198">
|
||
Subspecies
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||
<taxonomicName id="32F23CA8BECF7BC065C44B189A988445" authority="Nilsson 1820" authorityName="Nilsson" authorityYear="1820" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="medius">
|
||
<emphasis id="A084E87024CD2C893A6F601D700B7499" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
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||
<emphasis id="ABB77C0588A50ED1176F144E2AFD7568" italics="true" pageNumber="198">medius</emphasis>
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Nilsson 1820
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="C5D19564F5B3AFB0AD53E3978C626ABC" pageNumber="198">
|
||
Subspecies
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||
<taxonomicName id="DDD4F46D046D32C87E142EC0C810BAAC" authority="de Winton 1898" authorityName="de Winton" authorityYear="1898" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="occidentalis">
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||
<emphasis id="5ED8EEE6330D45E4AB085AAEC7D41614" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
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||
subsp.
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||
<emphasis id="08CC02A2B45E49AF760F93C76CB910EA" italics="true" pageNumber="198">occidentalis</emphasis>
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||
de Winton 1898
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3862D58634A9DCED0D4D1BC82FE4AB64" pageNumber="198">
|
||
Subspecies
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||
<taxonomicName id="EF49EF61B6CAC2B2CCF6FDA0CC4F59C4" authority="Miller 1903" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1903" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="parnassius">
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||
<emphasis id="D1DC8E781D7591E1275AC8F0D07D9E66" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
|
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subsp.
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||
<emphasis id="82BC7F744F90EE02E569AD0F44238257" italics="true" pageNumber="198">parnassius</emphasis>
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Miller 1903
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="AC9DDD320C42DAD63AD7AF2F97971B50" pageNumber="198">
|
||
Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="5ACC68297B518BAA64F739B7DEB27196" authority="Ognev 1929" authorityName="Ognev" authorityYear="1929" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="ponticus">
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||
<emphasis id="356DE3E93A62D2B86761E813A0F82FB0" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
|
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="D585FE9BE8D35069D0F97AF2D36FFD5F" italics="true" pageNumber="198">ponticus</emphasis>
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Ognev 1929
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6152700D49355426BD9032703B1A1F97" pageNumber="198">
|
||
Subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FB9346FF76431127592F8E2EA9CD4DB" authority="Festa 1914" authorityName="Festa" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="rhodius">
|
||
<emphasis id="56A297B63F8FD06B5E7EB753363BA422" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B13D4ACE978D833043C748DBA2CC2D91" italics="true" pageNumber="198">rhodius</emphasis>
|
||
Festa 1914
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BB55CD06F8080F83D0D730254E8B104C" pageNumber="198">
|
||
Subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3F115270822E5C20E883A54207F0EE92" authority="Hemprich and Ehrenberg 1832" authorityName="Hemprich and Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1832" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="syriacus">
|
||
<emphasis id="81A0CC7D0134463FF46B2309C281991C" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="D0227F0DBD50B90D0D955518D5E7CABC" italics="true" pageNumber="198">syriacus</emphasis>
|
||
Hemprich and Ehrenberg 1832
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4BD00B4630B12F713D3F2A6766523E20" pageNumber="198">
|
||
Subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A05915B91F5753FE217DD57D0C07AE0F" authority="Matschie 1901" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1901" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="europaeus" subGenus="Eulagos" subSpecies="transsylvanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C06A8A6C6A2B15381F2E7CB0C58C0F45" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Lepus (Eulagos) europaeus</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="7DAFB54620428CDE691B80264A6C6241" italics="true" pageNumber="198">transsylvanicus</emphasis>
|
||
Matschie 1901
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="679434165B35F751D2FF295623DBCCF7" pageNumber="198" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E94C5B06BC7AEC0009E842E48339104C" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAB627A52D103B8FDE0BBFF36DE71FA3" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="198">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Open woodland, steppe and sub-desert: from S
|
||
<collectingCountry id="EB2E39D7A55C3043D8D360A75E6E3DB3" name="Sweden">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0130091490F10B321A2728FEA6A3C7C3" name="Finland">Finland</collectingCountry>
|
||
to Britain, throughout Europe (not Iberian Penin. south of Cantabria and the Ebro River, or south of Siena in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9C7356A8E971190EB6E24A285337F367" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
), to W Siberian lowlands; south to N
|
||
<collectingCountry id="19612D14787677679073C15BAE4373D5" name="Israel">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
, N
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8AFAB0E4581CA967A23BB7B04B149331" name="Syria">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
, N
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9F335513CB3697B10CA8BD551C708CB2" name="Iraq">Iraq</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the Tigris-Euphrates valley and W
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7B3E8F155BA720C8487C762825A1593A" name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
. SE border of range (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="13613BD6E9C7083A6D039184FD532645" name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
) from S Caspian Sea south to Persian Gulf (54
|
||
<collectionCode id="3D075DD859EA183D2E64217284F2AF67">EE</collectionCode>
|
||
); see Angerman (1983:19). Introduced to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A22A21F411E7DFF25821964277821043" name="Ireland">Ireland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, SE Canada-NE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CB0160FA0F67BC91B36D634071F302BC" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, S South America,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A48628750EF122A945C843F2ED12D1D1" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5F31C517B3C3A019BD251FCB5114BA00" name="New Zealand">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
and several islands, including
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7D1CED476E2CF21520729A8AFDBC7434" name="Barbados">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="97FF39D923986D8265DBF2AD093EF589" name="Réunion">Réunion</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the Falklands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0EAA51FFDE7BAE5CA32D68F81F87D571" pageNumber="198" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="CF6E99CE6D4F9557056256A86B5FE381" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<emphasis id="46B667B58FEF20356292A7A94F8EE783" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="198">Conservation:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="118D77ADED8F75D3DE206ED8E1756927">IUCN</collectionCode>
|
||
– Lower Risk (lc); however, this once common species is now declining across Europe and a reevaluation of its status is likely to place it in one of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="82B66DBFB959E88CB52D92DDAFC6EA7C">IUCN</collectionCode>
|
||
threatened categories (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C1208B2AD5B56F8B4EA4D878B2037066" author="Schneider, E." refId="ref320988" refString="Schneider, E. 1997. Brown hare (Lepus europaeus) towards the 21 st century. Gibier Faune Sauvage, 14: 553 - 554." year="1997">Schneider, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="06BB2DABAE641134957424B3C32645BA" pageNumber="198" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA3C6D02BA6973DA42F67646266A0CE8" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<emphasis id="E975EBB8A10F7186273E262EA2A2AFDA" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="198">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
Subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="72696DF0B9A53BB593BDE6643562D215" italics="true" pageNumber="198">Eulagus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D797F2A7D7CB2C8A1ECBC767469763F3" author="Averianov, A. O." refId="ref15766" refString="Averianov, A. O. 1998. Podrodovaya sistematika zaitsev roda Lepus (Lagomorpha, Leporidae) [Sub-generic systematics of the hares, genus Lepus ...]. Byulletin' Moskovskovo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody, Otdel Biologicheskii, 103 (1): 3 - 8 (in Russian with English summary)." year="1998">Averianov, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="027B8A98B6051A12F43D0C7D602F8D65" author="Gromov, I. M. & G. I. Baranova" refId="ref130250" refString="Gromov, I. M., and G. I. Baranova (eds.). 1981. Katalog mlekopitayushchikh SSSR [Catalog of mammals of the USSR]. Nauka, Leningrad, 456 pp. (in Russian)." year="1981">Gromov and Baranova, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E169DE7CD786516A09B1B09FA3BE1545" author="Gureev, A. A." refId="ref135633" refString="Gureev, A. A. 1964. Fauna SSSR, Mlekopitayushchie, tom. 3, vyp. 10, Zaitseobraznye (Lagomorpha) [Fauna of the USSR, mammals, vol. 3, pt. 10, Lagomorpha]. Nauka, Moscow-Leningrad, 276 pp. (in Russian)." year="1964">Gureev, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This species was earlier placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FCCD607DA95B14616737FA66C61AA0E0" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B053BCCA7AF493D4BFD7E13192EBEA0" italics="true" pageNumber="198">capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CA12C38073B288A60BD576F699664FAF" author="Petter, F." refId="ref283369" refString="Petter, F. 1961 a. Elements d'une revision des Lievres europeens et asiatiques du sous-genre Lepus. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 26: 30 - 40." year="1961">
|
||
Petter (1961
|
||
<emphasis id="C3FDD707402FD0FB33264CD4BBCA60E5" italics="true" pageNumber="198">a</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based on what was interpreted as a cline in morphological characters (mainly size) from NE Africa eastward across the N Arabian peninsula and the Middle East, and northward through
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82AAE2C492CD9CA63DCA0A9A60F2C35E" name="Israel">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2B9F2B10D143AA69FF63504A54F17D7F" name="Turkey">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Sympatry between large "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84F5CD2C57C9A1620675B3B33187FD26" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="europaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0B6086FF247D81ABC8638B6078B5C11B" italics="true" pageNumber="198">europaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" and small "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7083145EE0108459629BC68895FEDF7C" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E4ECD14EF6EF3E2449F504ADC8F16C3" italics="true" pageNumber="198">capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0B955B32A5CE44077B9AAB12C86F999D" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tolai">
|
||
<emphasis id="9149668B03A1386A484EE6834C6E7D1C" italics="true" pageNumber="198">tolai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0691625D38B1409BC7712677F5CDE195" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, without evidence of hybridization (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F22707A8190D80D005783D5D8D096BFE" author="Sludskii, A. A. & A. D. Bernstein & I. G. Shubin & V. A. Fadeev & G. I. Orlov & A. Bekenov & V. I. Kharitonov & S. R. Utinov" refId="ref329783" refString="Sludskii, A. A., A. D. Bernstein, I. G. Shubin, V. A. Fadeev, G. I. Orlov, A. Bekenov, V. I. Kharitonov, and S. R. Utinov. 1980. Mlekopitayushchie Kazakhstana, tom 2, Zaitseobraznye [Mammals of Kazakhstan. vol. 2, Lagomorpha]. Nauka, Kazakhskoi SSR, Alma-Ata, 236 pp. (in Russian)." year="1980">Sludskii et al., 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) was interpreted as overlapping ends of a Rassenkreis.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7B0DCF97FF37BA1F4008F09B0053DB80" author="Angermann, R." refId="ref10680" refString="Angermann, R. 1983. The taxonomy of Old World Lepus. Acta Zoologica Fennica, 174: 17 - 21." year="1983">Angermann's (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
re-analysis indicated a marked discontinuity between smaller "capensis" (incl.
|
||
<emphasis id="27093C5C440C32726C2532BC8A6436A4" italics="true" pageNumber="198">arabicus</emphasis>
|
||
) and larger
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB76628FA6823F026A81F8B8BB8D8E99" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="europaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55D5849942392255B40ABBE8B6BA35FE" italics="true" pageNumber="198">europaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
running from the E Mediterranean coast (C
|
||
<collectingCountry id="EADC05B11E30F3FD46DE09A491EC142D" name="Israel">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
) through
|
||
<collectingCountry id="454F5474B6A0360D724FEA7D0E4C6CED" name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and on this basis we separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71B9BE24F7D8FA6893BA32AA08FED05D" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="europaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BB9644BB7CBE2EAD79E6A6D1B9753DB" italics="true" pageNumber="198">europaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4320475F855ECDED87C728AAE7ADFB5" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CA3394097334E099901238C9472932BF" italics="true" pageNumber="198">capensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C430F19A6C51FDCFA58B969C7505A632" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tolai">
|
||
<emphasis id="7212E49239B8BEB69F44DFB8B68152BA" italics="true" pageNumber="198">tolai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. East of the border of the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33D3D8C0A2B27A8E345623AFB57C49EF" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="europaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0BA042D8321F4D11050FF2A99A44070" italics="true" pageNumber="198">europaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33D0A1C99E2809BD406B1E5CCCA75CD2" name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1D28E4DF4FA9BABF1CE692FB4566AA7" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tolai">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFFF90B75DC66AFC4604648407A61C0E" italics="true" pageNumber="198">tolai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs, apparently in allo- or parapatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64517D8794D3CAF6187AF8B706700ED3" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="europaeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="823A55723BD14141C7EDD60A4FB5EDFA" italics="true" pageNumber="198">europaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Insular populations in the E Mediterranean were assigned to this species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="73D92E3CBB78C917A69A69AE0CA802EA" author="Ellerman, J. R. & T. C. S. Morrison-Scott" refId="ref93180" refString="Ellerman, J. R., and T. C. S. Morrison-Scott. 1951. Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp." year="1951">Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but need to be reviewed. See also comments under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C268DA0AD9B093E8A2629C28D88556F" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tolai">
|
||
<emphasis id="24728F22E4CA7BBD62F03A6FF271606B" italics="true" pageNumber="198">tolai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2054D5652FAF7F851EC2936F1833A49" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1841" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tibetanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F88E340348EE42201E9C0ACE34FB7E30" italics="true" pageNumber="198">tibetanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |