325 lines
34 KiB
XML
325 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6115561" ID-GBIF-Dataset="85cd7166-7b23-496d-8b10-7f1dcf2c4d60" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114920425" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6115561" ID-ZooBank="A625A5A9-EE80-45E0-A9BE-7A183B0996B1" checkinTime="1447441568197" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Robert A. Johnson" docDate="2015" docId="971D8786FFF3FFA765D412FAD258215F" docLanguage="en" docName="29902.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4029 (1)" docTitle="Pogonomyrmex lobatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="6B24FFFEFFE9FFB865431775D1342613" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of South American species of the seed-harvester ant genus Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Part I" masterLastPageNumber="142" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1645066743641" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of South American species of the seed-harvester ant genus Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Part I</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Robert A. Johnson</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>4029</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>142</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4029.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A625A5A9-EE80-45E0-A9BE-7A183B0996B1</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6115561" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114920425" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6115561" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:971D8786FFF3FFA765D412FAD258215F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/971D8786FFF3FFA765D412FAD258215F" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,436,1423,1449]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph box="[151,436,1423,1449]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[151,436,1423,1449]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[151,436,1423,1449]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,436,1423,1449]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Pogonomyrmex lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,317,1458,1483]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph box="[151,317,1458,1483]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[159,308,1458,1483]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 8" captionStart-1="FIGURE 9" captionStart-2="FIGURE 10" captionStartId-0="27.[151,249,1978,2000]" captionStartId-1="29.[151,249,1978,2000]" captionStartId-2="30.[151,249,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox-0="[401,1178,193,1956]" captionTargetBox-1="[420,1159,193,1956]" captionTargetBox-2="[416,1164,193,1955]" captionTargetId-0="figure@27.[401,1185,193,1956]" captionTargetId-1="figure@29.[420,1166,193,1956]" captionTargetId-2="figure@30.[416,1170,193,1956]" captionTargetPageId-0="27" captionTargetPageId-1="29" captionTargetPageId-2="30" captionText-0="FIGURE 8. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex lobatus Santschi worker: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT 0172684). Photographs by April Nobile from www. AntWeb. org." captionText-1="FIGURE 9. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex lobatus Santschi alate queen: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT 0172685). Photographs by April Nobile from www. AntWeb. org." captionText-2="FIGURE 10. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex lobatus Santschi male: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT 0172686). Photographs by April Nobile from www. AntWeb. org." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figures 8–10</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Santschi, 1921: 96" authorityName="Santschi" authorityPageNumber="96" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,597,1530,1552]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,394,1530,1552]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Pogonomyrmex lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
Santschi, 1921: 96
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(worker). Syntypes examined: 6 workers [MACN], 1 worker [MCZ], 1 worker [MZUSP], ARGENTINA, Entre Ríos: Villaguay (Charles Bruch leg.). See also Gallardo, 1932: 160, fig. 41; Kusnezov, 1951: figs. 13b, 13c. MCZ worker here designated
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[717,873,1592,1614]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">LECTOTYPE</emphasis>
|
||
[CASENT0217260].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,379,1658,1683]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Worker. Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Within the
|
||
<emphasis box="[515,661,1659,1682]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[515,661,1659,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coarctatus">P. coarctatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
-group, the combination of: (1) fine, dense, longitudinal striae cover cephalic dorsum, (2) in profile, lateral lobe of clypeus massively enlarged with narrow gap between lateral lobe and frontal lobe, the latter two structures nearly in contact, and (3) body mostly concolorous reddish-orange to reddishbrown uniquely characterize this species (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[621,721,1766,1791]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<figureCitation box="[621,721,1766,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="27.[151,249,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox="[401,1178,193,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[401,1185,193,1956]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 8. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex lobatus Santschi worker: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT 0172684). Photographs by April Nobile from www. AntWeb. org." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figure 8</figureCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,374,1803,1826]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
—lectotype (
|
||
<emphasis box="[525,539,1803,1826]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 41). HL 2.31 (1.93–2.97); HW 2.39 (1.99–3.22); MOD 0.43 (0.38–0.60); OMD 0.43 (0.46–0.74); SL 1.42 (1.27–1.90); PNW 1.42 (1.26–1.93); HFL 1.94 (1.81–2.55); ML 2.66 (2.13–3.45); PW 0.52 (0.47–0.85); PPW 0.69 (0.66–1.13). Indices: SI 59.41 (55.21–70.00); CI 103.46 (101.00–113.33); OI 17.99 (14.91–21.37); HFI 81.17 (75.00–99.01).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="27" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[401,1178,193,1956]" targetPageId="27">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,274,1978,2000]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Photograph of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Santschi" authorityName="Santschi" box="[429,760,1978,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[429,668,1978,2000]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pogonomyrmex lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
Santschi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
worker: (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[859,877,1978,2000]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A</emphasis>
|
||
) frontal view of head, (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1115,1132,1979,2000]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">B</emphasis>
|
||
) lateral view of body, and (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1409,1427,1978,2000]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C</emphasis>
|
||
) dorsal view of body (CASENT0172684). Photographs by April Nobile from www.AntWeb.org.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,365,151,176]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
. Moderately polymorphic, but lacking supermajors. Head shape varies with worker size, quadrate in minors and increasingly wider than long in majors (CI = 101.00–113.33, positively associated with head width,
|
||
<emphasis box="[288,302,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 42, R2 = 0.28,
|
||
<emphasis box="[491,508,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
<0.001); posterior margin weakly concave medially in full-face view. Fine, dense, longitudinal striae cover cephalic dorsum, width of striae and interstriae similar; in full-face view, medial striae not diverging toward posterior corners of head. Cephalic interstriae dull to weakly shining. Vertex with fine, dense striae, interstriae weakly shining to smooth and shining. In full-face view, entire cephalic dorsum with silky appearance. Anterior margin of clypeus concave; dorsal surface with numerous moderately coarse, subparallel, longitudinal to oblique rugae. In profile, lateral lobe of clypeus massively enlarged with narrow gap (much less than width of antennal scape) between clypeal lobe and frontal lobe, the latter two structures nearly in contact. Numerous long, curved, bristle-like, yellowish macrochaetae project from anterior margin of clypeus and ventral side of mandibles. Mandible with six teeth; mandibular dorsum strongly rugose. MOD ranging from 0.16–0.23x HL. In profile, eyes situated anterior to middle of head, OMD = 1.00–1.51x MOD. Antennal scapes short (SI = 55.21–70.00), extending less than one-third the distance from the posterior margin of the eye to the posterior corner of head. Base of antennal scapes smooth and shining, distal portion sometimes weakly granulate or weakly striate, weakly shining to shining; basal flange well-developed with carinate margin. Psammophore well-developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Mesosomal profile weakly to moderately convex; all mesosomal surfaces with prominent coarse, subparallel, weakly irregular, widely-spaced rugae. In dorsal view, humeral portion of pronotum rounded to knoblike. Dorsum of promesonotum with longitudinal rugae that rarely diverge toward humeral shoulders of pronotum; transverse rugae on anterior surface of pronotum continue obliquely or longitudinally onto pronotal sides; rugae on mesopleura angle posterodorsally. Superior propodeal spines long, acuminate, connected by well-defined keel; spine length about equal to or slightly less than width between their bases; regular to weakly wavy, transverse rugae on propodeal dorsum traverse ventrally or anteroventrally on sides. Inferior propodeal spines wider than long, apex broadly rounded. Propodeal spiracles narrowly ovate facing posterad. Interrugae on mesosoma weakly to moderately granulate, weakly shining to shining. Legs weakly granulate, weakly shining.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Peduncle of petiole about 0.7x as long as petiolar node, anteroventral margin with broadly rounded to angulate process. In profile, posterior surface of petiolar node weakly convex; node asymmetrical with anterior surface notably shorter than posterior surface, apex rounded. In dorsal view, petiolar node longer than wide, widest near center, narrowing to rounded or spatulate anterior margin. Sides and posterior surface of petiolar node with weak to moderately coarse, wavy to irregular transverse rugae. Dorsum of postpetiole convex in profile; in dorsal view, widest near posterior margin, narrowing to anterior margin, maximum width about equal to length, weakly to moderately punctate, rarely with weak irregular, transverse rugae posterad. Interrugae on posterior surface of petiolar node and dorsum of postpetiole weakly to moderately granulate, dull to weakly shining. First gastral tergum moderately coriarious, weakly shining to smooth and shining.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Erect white to yellowish pilosity moderately abundant on head, variable in length and arising from foveae; longest hairs not exceeding MOD. Moderately abundant suberect pilosity on scape; abundant decumbent hairs on funicular segments. Legs with moderately abundant suberect to decumbent setae. Mesosoma, petiolar node, postpetiole, first gastral tergum with moderately dense erect setae, longest about equal to MOD; abundant long hairs on posterior margins of gastral terga, longest>MOD. Body mostly concolorous reddish-orange to reddishbrown (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[239,338,1512,1537]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<figureCitation box="[239,338,1512,1537]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="27.[151,249,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox="[401,1178,193,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[401,1185,193,1956]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 8. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex lobatus Santschi worker: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT 0172684). Photographs by April Nobile from www. AntWeb. org." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 8</figureCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,412,1548,1572]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Queen. Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This caste is diagnosed by: (1) caste-specific morphology of the mesosoma related to wingbearing and presence of ocelli on head, (2) large size (HW = 3.41–3.55 mm), (3) striae cover cephalic dorsum, and (4) in profile, lateral lobe of clypeus massively enlarged with narrow gap (much less than width of antennal scape) between clypeal lobe and frontal lobe (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[588,687,1655,1680]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<figureCitation box="[588,687,1655,1680]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="29.[151,249,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox="[420,1159,193,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[420,1166,193,1956]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 9. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex lobatus Santschi alate queen: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT 0172685). Photographs by April Nobile from www. AntWeb. org." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 9</figureCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,374,1692,1715]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
—(
|
||
<emphasis box="[411,425,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 5). HL 3.09–3.24; HW 3.41–3.55; MOD 0.53–0.60; OMD 0.67–0.77; SL 1.87–1.93; PNW 2.37–2.51; HFL 2.61–2.77; ML 3.74–4.44; PW 1.02–1.16; PPW 1.25–1.33. Indices: SI 53.12–56.27; CI 105.25–114.89; OI 15.45–17.01; HFI 75.65–78.69.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,337,1798,1823]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Large species (HW = 3.41–3.55 mm) with caste-specific morphology of the mesosoma related to wing-bearing and presence of ocelli on head. In full-face view, head wider than long (CI = 105.2–114.9), posterior margin weakly concave medially. Fine, dense, longitudinal striae cover cephalic dorsum; striae on vertex often less abundant and/or less prominent, interstriae weakly shining to shining. Mandible with six teeth, dorsal surface coarsely rugose. In profile, lateral lobe of clypeus massively enlarged with narrow gap (much less than width of antennal scape) between clypeal lobe and frontal lobe, the latter two structures nearly in contact. Psammophore well-developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="29" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[420,1159,193,1956]" targetPageId="29">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,274,1978,2000]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Photograph of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Santschi" authorityName="Santschi" box="[429,760,1978,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[429,668,1978,2000]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Pogonomyrmex lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
Santschi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
alate queen: (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[900,919,1978,2000]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
|
||
) frontal view of head, (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1156,1173,1979,2000]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">B</emphasis>
|
||
) lateral view of body, and (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[159,177,2009,2031]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C</emphasis>
|
||
) dorsal view of body (CASENT0172685). Photographs by April Nobile from www.AntWeb.org.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="30" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[416,1164,193,1955]" targetPageId="30">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,287,1978,2000]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Photograph of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Santschi" authorityName="Santschi" box="[444,776,1978,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[444,684,1978,2000]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pogonomyrmex lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
Santschi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male: (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[853,871,1978,2000]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
|
||
) frontal view of head, (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1112,1129,1979,2000]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B</emphasis>
|
||
) lateral view of body, and (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1409,1427,1978,2000]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C</emphasis>
|
||
) dorsal view of body (CASENT0172686). Photographs by April Nobile from www.AntWeb.org.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
All mesosomal surfaces with subparallel, weakly irregular rugae; superior propodeal spines short. Peduncle of petiole about as long as petiolar node, anteroventral margin often with blunt to angulate process. In profile, petiolar node asymmetrical with anterior surface notably shorter than posterior surface, apex rounded. Postpetiole slightly wider than long. Posterior surface of petiolar node and dorsum of postpetiole with weak to moderately strong, wavy to irregular, transverse rugae; interrugae weakly to moderately punctate, weakly shining. Gastral terga smooth, weakly shining to shining. Most body surfaces with moderately abundant short, suberect to erect, white to yellowish setae. Body mostly concolorous reddish-orange to reddish-brown, head often slightly lighter (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1317,1417,367,392]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1317,1417,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="29.[151,249,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox="[420,1159,193,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[420,1166,193,1956]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 9. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex lobatus Santschi alate queen: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT 0172685). Photographs by April Nobile from www. AntWeb. org." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figure 9</figureCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,396,404,428]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Male. Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This caste is diagnosed by: (1) first gastral tergum lacking striae, (2) large (HW> 1.75 mm; HL> 1.80 mm; ML> 3.30 mm), (3) hairs on head (especially posterior to eyes) and dorsum of mesosoma moderately dense, moderately long and flexuous, longest hairs rarely>0.5–0.8x MOD, (4) transverse rugae on dorsum of postpetiole weak, present on posterior one-half of segment, often extending anterad (sometimes oblique or longitudinal more anterad), (5) rugae posterior to eyes and ocelli prominent, and (6) at least one and usually both mandibles with four teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[454,568,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="30.[151,249,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox="[416,1164,193,1955]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[416,1170,193,1956]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 10. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex lobatus Santschi male: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT 0172686). Photographs by April Nobile from www. AntWeb. org." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[454,568,583,608]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figure 10</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,374,621,644]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
—(
|
||
<emphasis box="[411,425,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 12). HL 1.83–2.06; HW 1.78–2.14; MOD 0.56–0.70; OMD 0.21–0.36; SL 0.45–0.61; HFL 2.18–2.61; ML 3.39–4.04; PW 0.74–0.93; PPW 0.90–1.12. Indices: SI 22.39–30.90; CI 93.47–105.94; OI 29.47–36.52; HFI 109.95–129.83.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,860,727,752]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Additional material examined. ARGENTINA:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[760,860,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Córdoba</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Rt 5 at 3.4 km S Alta Gracia, 1830’, Jan 23, 2006 (RAJC); Estancia Santo Domingo (Salsipuedes), Feb 24, 2009 (RGPC); Anisacate, no date (FML).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1307,1428,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Corrientes</emphasis>
|
||
: Mercedes, no date (MACN).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[490,617,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Entre Ríos</emphasis>
|
||
: Rt 18 at 7.3 mi SW San Salvador, 220’, Dec 19, 2005 (CASC; CSC; MCZ; RAJC); La Picada, May 14, 1951 (FML; LACM); Rt 18 at 33.9 mi W Villaguay, 320’, Dec 20, 2005 (MCZ; RAJC); Villaguay, no date (MACN; MLPA).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[667,773,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Santa Fe</emphasis>
|
||
: 22 km S Reconquista, 45 m, Nov 15, 2003 (RAJC); 23.2 km NW Reconquista, Dec 5, 2005 (CSC); Villa Guillermina, no date (FML); Fives Lille, no date (MACN).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,506,943,968]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
BRAZIL:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[278,506,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Río Grande do Sul</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Porto Alegre, Mar 24, 1971 (LACM; MCZ; MZUSP); São Leopoldo, no date (MCZ).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[246,515,980,1004]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
URUGUAY:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[402,515,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Paysandú</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Paysandú, Apr 25, 1961 & Feb 25, 1961 (FML; LACM).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1195,1436,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Questionable locales</emphasis>
|
||
(appear to be outside of geographic range): ARGENTINA:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[876,1032,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Buenos Aires</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Monte Hermoso, no date (MLPA) (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[160,278,1052,1076]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<figureCitation box="[160,259,1052,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,249,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox="[405,1173,193,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[405,1181,193,1956]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Geographic distribution of: (A) Pogonomyrmex coarctatus Mayr, (B) Pogonomyrmex lobatus Santschi, and (C) Pogonomyrmex marcusi Kusnezov. The larger black circle in each panel denotes the type locality." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
B
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,334,1088,1112]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet,
|
||
<emphasis box="[580,663,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[580,663,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">lobatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(from Latin,
|
||
<emphasis box="[818,902,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">lobat =</emphasis>
|
||
lobed), refers to the massively enlarged lateral lobes of the clypeus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,332,1159,1184]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[340,607,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[340,607,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pogonomyrmex lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
co-occurs with
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[791,937,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coarctatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[791,937,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P. coarctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and it is likely to co-occur with
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
P. m i c an s.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[151,416,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">Pogonomyrmex lobatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[719,864,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coarctatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[719,733,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[747,864,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">coarctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
using the following characters: (1)
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1263,1372,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1263,1372,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P. lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a massively enlarged lateral lobe of the clypeus, with the lobe nearly contacting the frontal lobe, and (2) the cephalic dorsum is covered with very fine, dense, longitudinal striae. In
|
||
<emphasis box="[869,1022,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[869,1018,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coarctatus">P. coarctatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the lateral lobe of the clypeus is not enlarged, with a wide gap between the clypeal lobe and frontal lobe, and the very fine, dense, longitudinal striae are often indistinct and cover only part to most of cephalic dorsum. In
|
||
<emphasis box="[913,1021,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[913,1021,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micans">P. micans</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the lateral lobe of the clypeus is not enlarged, the dorsum of the postpetiole has prominent moderately coarse rugae, and workers are bicolored (dark red and blackish). In
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[396,508,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[396,508,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P. lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the lateral lobe of the clypeus is massively enlarged, workers are a concolorous reddish-orange to reddish-brown, and the dorsum of the postpetiole is weakly to moderately punctate, rarely with weak rugae posterad.
|
||
<emphasis box="[396,668,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[396,668,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marcusi">Pogonomyrmex marcusi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is only known from mid- to higher elevations in central Bolivia and thus is geographically isolated from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[559,669,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[559,669,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P. lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; these two species can be separated using characters in the key.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,294,1556,1580]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[301,566,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[301,566,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pogonomyrmex lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be a relatively uncommon species that is a solitary forager, though it sometimes forms very loose foraging columns with few, scattered workers, similar to those seen in
|
||
<emphasis box="[1284,1429,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1284,1429,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coarctatus">P. coarctatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Nests range from a cryptic entrance to a 15 cm tumulus, and they sometimes have a small midden of seed chaff. Colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[289,399,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[289,399,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P. lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are probably similar in size to those of
|
||
<emphasis box="[847,992,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[847,992,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coarctatus">P. coarctatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, suggesting that they range up to about 2000 workers. Sexuals have been collected from nests and dealate queens from the ground on 19 December, indicating that mating flights occur during the austral summer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[199,465,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[199,465,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pogonomyrmex lobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a lowland species that occurs at elevations from 45–555 m. This species occurs in the Uruguayan Savanna, northern Espinal, southern Humid Chaco, and along the southeastern edge of the Dry Chaco ecoregions as defined by Olson
|
||
<emphasis box="[588,636,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2001) (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[742,860,1844,1868]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<figureCitation box="[742,841,1844,1868]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,249,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox="[405,1173,193,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[405,1181,193,1956]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Geographic distribution of: (A) Pogonomyrmex coarctatus Mayr, (B) Pogonomyrmex lobatus Santschi, and (C) Pogonomyrmex marcusi Kusnezov. The larger black circle in each panel denotes the type locality." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
B
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |