293 lines
32 KiB
XML
293 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="86CD37FA9E93109A8CF78F69DDDF66B7" ID-CLB-Dataset="26920" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4599.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ea727a9b-324b-4c6b-a625-bc7cdd204473" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2668058" ID-ZooBank="7CDD24FF-5BA3-4D06-898D-A3E220515D4C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1557127209543" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Longino, John T." docDate="2019" docId="5B56E872FFBF4A0BFF328E31FE5CEA0E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4599.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4599 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pheidole zannia Longino 2019, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="22" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="A76F900AFF804A4BFFA58B6FFFF4EF5B" masterDocTitle="Pheidole (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Middle American Wet Forest" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1698726215157" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="D23056D66659406DF2B97FEEE9705EF7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B76D93377A3E39C2C67AB5E461F05034">
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<mods:title id="ADE25EE3C0F5AA5F69BD33F8642F4CBB">Pheidole (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Middle American Wet Forest</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="34C4B396C435330AA27A199C8F7BACE5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="07746DBA45897611F4E7A73877F2CF0D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="13AB8B2DE24480C493A733AAF5D6E91B">Longino, John T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DA8C0508E40B3449C1CE93219229556F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0171CDAC7A70961457B13E1867D253A3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="3B84670ADAED1D9403FD2EA054D2B712">
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<mods:date id="8F44E5DE899C8D85E0F7FDD19B352170">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="19055C10743F6946A540492428D3902D" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="4D1A8DA7DD85F48E4C3618296A7A4C5B">2019-05-06</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="28B0C042DE734A40CCFD18EFDD1F00A6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DD9C17CF1A66C91B7059D5F682B2691C">4599</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="909C34A8E4250C3F294C79E7A6BAFFDB" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="84976966A7BFB1B30BDE3B96080F99ED">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="1379010094E2434FB9DA2EC82AF3AE6A">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="2FC682D2EA86B0B96C2D0BB16757413B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5DC04ADC51D2E8968BB6653F65203988" type="CLB-Dataset">26920</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="587BCAB7D67B4C6C1FEDB9FCAB88CC7A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4599.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D7257002240E274E79FB84E534BE1262" type="GBIF-Dataset">ea727a9b-324b-4c6b-a625-bc7cdd204473</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4F66C5165E6685FBC1069326E335EDE9" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="164237247895FB91382482DAA889917D" type="Zenodo-Dep">2668058</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CB758FAF869D4BFB720BAAE5A3CF53DD" type="ZooBank">7CDD24FF-5BA3-4D06-898D-A3E220515D4C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="5B56E872FFBF4A0BFF328E31FE5CEA0E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5586246" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157062562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5586246" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B56E872FFBF4A0BFF328E31FE5CEA0E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B56E872FFBF4A0BFF328E31FE5CEA0E" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<subSubSection id="9BE50AEFFFBF4A74FF328E31FF03EAC1" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D3405964FFBF4A74FF328E31FE05EA23" blockId="63.[151,497,1374,1434]" box="[151,497,1374,1400]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<heading id="8808EE08FFBF4A74FF328E31FE05EA23" bold="true" box="[151,497,1374,1400]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFBF4A74FF328E31FE05EA23" bold="true" box="[151,497,1374,1400]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFBF4A74FF328E31FEADEA23" authority="Longino, 2019" authorityName="Longino" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,345,1374,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zannia" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFBF4A74FF328E31FEADEA23" bold="true" box="[151,345,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Pheidole zannia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FAB8380DFFBF4A74FEC48E31FE05EA23" box="[353,497,1374,1400]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3405964FFBF4A74FF328EEEFF03EAC1" blockId="63.[151,497,1374,1434]" box="[151,247,1409,1434]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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(
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<figureCitation id="4BC445E1FFBF4A74FF3B8EEEFF1AEAC1" box="[158,238,1409,1434]" captionStart="PLATE 9" captionStartId="75.[151,238,1954,1977]" captionTargetId="figure@75.[202,1384,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="PLATE 9." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2668245/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Plate 9</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BE50AEFFFBF4A74FF328EA6FC6FEAB9" box="[151,923,1481,1506]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D3405964FFBF4A74FF328EA6FC6FEAB9" blockId="63.[151,1437,1481,2010]" box="[151,923,1481,1506]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFBF4A74FF328EA6FF0FEAB9" authorityName="Biolleyi Forel" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,251,1481,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFBF4A74FF328EA6FF0FEAB9" box="[151,251,1481,1506]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Pheidole</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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JTL-189: morphospecies code previously used on AntWeb.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BE50AEFFFBF4A74FF628E81FD5CE9CD" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D3405964FFBF4A74FF628E81FEA2E929" blockId="63.[151,1437,1481,2010]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<materialsCitation id="63975339FFBF4A74FF628E81FE87E915" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2237851592" collectingDate="2010-05-04" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="J. Longino" country="Honduras" elevation="0" location="La Union" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Olancho" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="0C44E7C6FFBF4A74FF628E81FEABE95D" box="[199,351,1518,1542]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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: 1 major worker,
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<collectingCountry id="ABE819F4FFBF4A74FD8C8E82FD6DE95D" box="[553,665,1517,1542]" name="Honduras" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Honduras</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="113B9786FFBF4A74FD038E82FCFDE95D" box="[678,777,1517,1542]" country="Honduras" name="Olancho" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Olancho</collectingRegion>
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:
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<quantity id="1407F481FFBF4A74FCB08E82FCB3E95D" box="[789,839,1517,1542]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="km" value="9.0">9km</quantity>
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NNW
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<location id="D6200FBFFFBF4A74FC3E8E81FBFFE95D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B56E872FFBF4A0BFF328E31FE5CEA0E:D6200FBFFFBF4A74FC3E8E81FBFFE95D" box="[923,1035,1517,1542]" country="Honduras" name="La Union" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Olancho">La Union</location>
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, 15.09397 -86.75244, ±
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<elevation id="58D2BE57FFBF4A74FABF8E82FF5BE972" isEnumeration="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<quantity id="1407F481FFBF4A74FABF8E82FAA3E95E" box="[1306,1367,1517,1542]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
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,
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<quantity id="1407F481FFBF4A74FAC18E81FF5BE972" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1470.0">1470 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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,
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<date id="A7417FA4FFBF4A74FF1B8D7DFEA4E971" box="[190,336,1554,1578]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2010-05-04">
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<collectingDate id="B705864CFFBF4A74FF1B8D7DFEA4E971" box="[190,336,1554,1578]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="2010-05-04">4 May 2010</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, road edge near cloud forest, nest in soil (
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<collectorName id="7E0A3CB2FFBF4A74FCE18D7DFC34E971" box="[836,960,1553,1578]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">J. Longino</collectorName>
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#6982) [
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<collectionCode id="B5EEC1A1FFBF4A74FB858D7DFBAFE971" box="[1056,1115,1554,1578]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
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, unique specimen identifier CASENT0615634]
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="63975339FFBF4A74FE268D59FEA6E929" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2237851487" collectingDate="2010-05-04" collectionCode="CAS, DZUP, JTLC, MCZC, USNM" collectorName="J. Longino" country="Honduras" elevation="0" location="La Union" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Olancho" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="0C44E7C6FFBF4A74FE268D59FDD6E915" box="[387,546,1590,1614]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
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: major, minor worker, queen: same data as holotype [
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<collectionCode id="B5EEC1A1FFBF4A74FB0B8D59FB1DE915" box="[1198,1257,1590,1614]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="B5EEC1A1FFBF4A74FB5E8D59FAB0E916" box="[1275,1348,1590,1613]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="University or college">DZUP</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="B5EEC1A1FFBF4A74FAF08D59FA6CE915" box="[1365,1432,1590,1614]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">JTLC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="B5EEC1A1FFBF4A74FF328D35FF1DE929" box="[151,233,1626,1650]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">MCZC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="B5EEC1A1FFBF4A74FF518D35FEBFE929" box="[244,331,1626,1650]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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]
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3405964FFBF4A74FF628D12FD5CE9CD" blockId="63.[151,1437,1481,2010]" box="[199,680,1661,1686]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFBF4A74FF628D12FE51E9CD" bold="true" box="[199,421,1661,1686]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Geographic range.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="ABE819F4FFBF4A74FE098D12FDDCE9CD" box="[428,552,1661,1686]" name="Guatemala" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="ABE819F4FFBF4A74FD918D12FD51E9CD" box="[564,677,1661,1686]" name="Honduras" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Honduras</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BE50AEFFFBF4A0BFF628DCEFA69EFA3" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D3405964FFBF4A0BFF628DCEFA69EFA3" blockId="63.[151,1437,1481,2010]" lastBlockId="64.[151,1437,151,1365]" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFBF4A74FF628DCEFE66E9E1" bold="true" box="[199,402,1697,1722]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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Diagnosis.
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFBF4A74FEEC8DCEFE66E9E1" bold="true" box="[329,402,1697,1722]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Minor</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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: face smooth and shiny; posterior margin of head in face view rounded laterally, somewhat flattened posteriorly; promesonotal groove absent; dorsal promesonotum and propodeum foveolate; lateral pronotum foveolate with medial smooth, shiny patch; katepisternum mostly smooth and shiny, with or without strip of foveolation posteriorly; propodeal spines short, upturned, about one fourth length of posterior face of propodeum; gaster smooth and shining; erect setae on mesosomal dorsum and gaster; tibiae with a few short, erect setae; bicolored, with sharply contrasting black head and gaster, light orange mesosoma.
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFBF4A74FB3B8C3BFB11E836" bold="true" box="[1182,1253,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Major</emphasis>
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: head elongate, strongly incised between vertex lobes, posterior face transversely depressed between vertex lobes and anterior portion of head; inner hypostomal teeth present, closely spaced; scape base terete; antennal scrobes distinct, smooth and shiny, delimited dorsally by frontal carinae, ventrally by carinulae, not delimited posteriorly; face longitudinally carinulate, interspaces smooth and shining; propodeal spines upturned, about one fourth to one third length of posterior face of propodeum; gastral dorsum smooth and shining; sides of head with abundant short erect setae; abundant short erect setae on mesosomal dorsum and gaster; tibiae with erect setae; color as in minor worker.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BE50AEFFFC04A0BFF628A6BFEBDEE8B" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D3405964FFC04A0BFF628A6BFD88EE1B" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFF628A6BFDD9EE46" bold="true" box="[199,557,260,285]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Measurements, minor worker</emphasis>
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: HW 0.43, HL 0.47, SL 0.42, EL 0.10, WL 0.57, PSL 0.04, PTW 0.08, PPW 0.13, CI 91, SI 98, PSLI 8, PPI 152 (n=11).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3405964FFC04A0BFF628A23FD9BEED3" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFF628A23FDD9EE3E" bold="true" box="[199,557,332,357]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Measurements, major worker</emphasis>
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: HW 0.83, HL 1.00, SL 0.43, EL 0.13, WL 0.84, PSL 0.07, PTW 0.17, PPW 0.30, CI 83, SI 52, PSLI 9, PPI 178 (n=8).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3405964FFC04A0BFF628AFBFEBDEE8B" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFF628AFBFE38EEF6" bold="true" box="[199,460,404,429]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Measurements, queen</emphasis>
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: HW 0.78, HL 0.81, SL 0.45, EL 0.25, WL 1.35, PSL 0.09, PTW 0.25, PPW 0.45, CI 96, SI 57 (n=1).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BE50AEFFFC04A0BFF628AB3FABFEDAB" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="D3405964FFC04A0BFF628AB3FABFEDAB" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFF628AB3FED3EEAE" bold="true" box="[199,295,476,501]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Biology.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFE8A8AB3FE12EEAF" authorityName="Longino" authorityYear="2019" box="[303,486,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zannia">
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFE8A8AB3FE12EEAF" box="[303,486,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Pheidole zannia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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inhabits montane habitats from
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<quantity id="1407F481FFC04A0BFCF28AB3FBF9EEAF" box="[855,1037,476,500]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5550000000000002" metricValueMax="1.7399999999999998" metricValueMin="1.3699999999999999" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="1555.0" valueMax="1740.0" valueMin="1370.0">
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<date id="A7417FA4FFC04A0BFCF28AB3FC1AEEAF" box="[855,1006,476,500]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="1370" valueMax="1740">1370 to 1740</date>
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m
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</quantity>
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elevation, in areas with mesophyll cloud forest and mixed pine, oak, and
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<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFDED8A90FD2EED43" box="[584,730,511,536]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Altingiaceae" genus="Liquidambar" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFDED8A90FD2EED43" box="[584,730,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Liquidambar</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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forests. It prefers open and disturbed areas along roadsides, in coffee farms, and in second growth vegetation. For example, in La Muralla National Park near La Union, intensive Winkler sampling of mature cloud forest did not yield this species, but a nest was discovered (from which the
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<typeStatus id="0C44E7C6FFC04A0BFAC98927FA68ED3B" box="[1388,1436,584,608]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">type</typeStatus>
|
|
series was obtained) just outside the park and adjacent to the forest, along a road edge through pasture. This nest was in the soil of the road bank. There was a
|
|
<quantity id="1407F481FFC04A0BFD2A89FFFD24EDFC" box="[655,720,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
|
tall turret marking the nest entrance, and the main nest chamber was about
|
|
<quantity id="1407F481FFC04A0BFEB589DBFEA2ED97" box="[272,342,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
|
deep, horizontally into the bank from the entrance. The main chamber contained a single colony queen, minor and major workers, and brood. Other collections have come from baiting or Winkler samples.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="9BE50AEFFFC04A0BFF628993FD9CEA57" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="D3405964FFC04A0BFF628993FD5CEBC4" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFF628993FEBCEC4E" bold="true" box="[199,328,764,789]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Comments</emphasis>
|
|
. Other New World species with similar morphometric profile are
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFBF88992FB02EC4E" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="2003" box="[1117,1270,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arboricola">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFBF88992FB02EC4E" box="[1117,1270,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. arboricola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFAAC8992FA81EC4F" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="2003" box="[1289,1397,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crinita">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFAAC8992FA81EC4F" box="[1289,1397,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. crinita</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFA228992FF1AEC63" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnomus">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFA228992FF1AEC63" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. gnomus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFF59884EFE7CEC63" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1908" box="[252,392,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeralis">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFF59884EFE7CEC63" box="[252,392,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. humeralis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFE33884EFDB5EC63" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1895" box="[406,577,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metallescens">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFE33884EFDB5EC63" box="[406,577,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. metallescens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFDEA884EFD18EC63" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="2003" box="[591,748,801,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mosenopsis">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFDEA884EFD18EC63" box="[591,748,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. mosenopsis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFD5F884EFC5EEC63" box="[762,938,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neolongiceps">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFD5F884EFC5EEC63" box="[762,938,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. neolongiceps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFC1D884EFBCDEC63" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="2003" box="[952,1081,801,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFC1D884EFBCDEC63" box="[952,1081,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. pygmaea</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFBE2884EFB23EC63" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1937" box="[1095,1239,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similigena">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFBE2884EFB23EC63" box="[1095,1239,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. similigena</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFB40884EFA8DEC63" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1884" box="[1253,1401,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subarmata">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFB40884EFA8DEC63" box="[1253,1401,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. subarmata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFA22884EFF14EC06" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triplex">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFA22884EFF14EC06" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. triplex</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFE8D882AFE7CEC07" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1901" box="[296,392,837,860]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tysoni">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFE8D882AFE7CEC07" box="[296,392,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. tysoni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Most of these have major workers with the posterior half of the face smooth, lacking longitudinal carinulae, and there is no transverse impression on the face.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFC648808FB76ECDB" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="2003" box="[961,1154,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnomus">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFC648808FB76ECDB" box="[961,1154,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Pheidole gnomus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="ABE819F4FFC04A0BFB698808FADFECDB" box="[1228,1323,871,896]" name="Ecuador" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
|
, is similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFF1F88E2FED3ECFF" authorityName="Longino" authorityYear="2019" box="[186,295,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zannia">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFF1F88E2FED3ECFF" box="[186,295,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. zannia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
but has transverse carinular on vertex lobes and more normal red brown coloration.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFA9D88E3FEECEC93" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mosenopsis">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFA9D88E3FEECEC93" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Pheidole mosenopsis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="ABE819F4FFC04A0BFEC388C0FE4CEC93" box="[358,440,943,968]" name="Bolivia" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
|
and known only from the major, is similar but has less pronounced carinular on vertex lobes, no transverse impression on the face, more normal red brown coloration, and distinctive mandibles with flat dorsal surface and elevated basal margin.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFD218898FC72EB4B" box="[644,902,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neolongiceps">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFD218898FC72EB4B" box="[644,902,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Pheidole neolongiceps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="ABE819F4FFC04A0BFC7F8898FBECEB4B" box="[986,1048,1015,1040]" name="Cuba" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
|
, is similar but has more uniform longitudinal carinae on face, no transverse face impression, and dark coloration.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFB948F73FB12EB6E" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="2003" box="[1073,1254,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triplex">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFB948F73FB12EB6E" box="[1073,1254,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Pheidole triplex</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="ABE819F4FFC04A0BFA908F73FA6CEB6E" box="[1333,1432,1052,1077]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
|
, has coloration approaching
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFE768F2EFDC3EB03" authorityName="Longino" authorityYear="2019" box="[467,567,1089,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zannia">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFE768F2EFDC3EB03" box="[467,567,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. zannia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The major worker has a dark head, contrasting orange mesosoma, and red brown gaster. The minor worker is uniform yellow orange. Other than color,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFB888F0AFB63EB26" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="2003" box="[1069,1175,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triplex">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFB888F0AFB63EB26" box="[1069,1175,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. triplex</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is very similar to the widespread and common species
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFDA88FE6FD55EBFB" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1884" box="[525,673,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subarmata">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFDA88FE6FD55EBFB" box="[525,673,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. subarmata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D3405964FFC04A0BFF628FC3FD9CEA57" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFF628FC3FE89EB9F" authorityName="Longino" authorityYear="2019" box="[199,381,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zannia">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFF628FC3FE89EB9F" box="[199,381,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Pheidole zannia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is in a group of species related to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFCA68FC2FCADEB9F" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="2003" box="[771,857,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mera">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFCA68FC2FCADEB9F" box="[771,857,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. mera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(see Comments under
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFBFB8FC2FB13EB9E" authorityName="Longino" authorityYear="2019" box="[1118,1255,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andersoni">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFBFB8FC2FB13EB9E" box="[1118,1255,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P andersoni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
). The harlequin color pattern is unique and highly divergent in the group, placing it in a mimicry complex with the unrelated
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFA228FBEFF1DEA56" authorityName="Longino" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balatro">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFA228FBEFF1DEA56" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. balatro</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(see Comments under
|
|
<taxonomicName id="14FF22E7FFC04A0BFE4F8F9AFDACEA56" authorityName="Longino" authorityYear="2019" box="[490,600,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balatro">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFE4F8F9AFDACEA56" box="[490,600,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">P. balatro</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="9BE50AEFFFC04A0BFF628E78FE5CEA0E" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph id="D3405964FFC04A0BFF628E78FE5CEA0E" blockId="64.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
|
<emphasis id="E18B8576FFC04A0BFF628E78FEBCEA6B" bold="true" box="[199,328,1303,1328]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Etymology</emphasis>
|
|
: The zanni were comic servant characters in sixteenth century Italian theater, from which harlequin characters were derived.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |