608 lines
84 KiB
XML
608 lines
84 KiB
XML
<document id="098852311719803F4A4B322FB6D3E4DD" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3485.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="890a0fbe-5f05-4e50-88db-201c442ab36c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="208860" ID-ZooBank="DF69ABFD-AEAA-4890-899A-176A79C3ABA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460530388704" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lotzkat, Sebastian, Hertz, Andreas & Köhler, Gunther" docDate="2012" docId="E1592540366FFF99FF45881AFCF2F8DF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03485p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3485" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sibon noalamina, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="1D605D38366EFF9FFFD28F4FFFBFFFDB" masterDocTitle="A new species of Sibon (Squamata: Colubroidea: Dipsadidae) from the Cordillera Central of western Panama, with comments on other species of the genus in the area" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="26" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1698315695722" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="CCE5D3FE408C6369275C206D914AAC53">A new species of Sibon (Squamata: Colubroidea: Dipsadidae) from the Cordillera Central of western Panama, with comments on other species of the genus in the area</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="72E9F50D58210C2FC63A2DFE6CD75474" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5CC60E61ABF65FDDD16A7556601F058F">Lotzkat, Sebastian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8D20D13B5548E366D9115656A499B488">Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany & Goethe-University, Institute for Ecology, Evolution & Diversity, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, Biologicum, Building C, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3B99958AD238B8C641D4C2FCA9B17E69" type="email">lotzkat@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F0382EA066A20B5D3E80400B871B83B3">Hertz, Andreas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7792ADD7A5B31762B575B61B2D3B6F67">Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany & Goethe-University, Institute for Ecology, Evolution & Diversity, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, Biologicum, Building C, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="820EFE05C0D7EA46969C78FBAA160873">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="74A81B5132938E4F914CCBA957C7ED50">Köhler, Gunther</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="68BC0D5D0DFA40CDF0FD58422DB3BABE">Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="EE63A5AA639A4C4A8FBFCC4E91285DB1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="555A7D982FFAE9C5128A8E8B5402F871">
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<mods:date id="2FEF20A041F983DCE8DFAF38FFEAEB38">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C367B28C0B2499B8C81D5DDFC33D9829">2012-09-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8C101C9901B0ED2F92E58B905F8770FC">3485</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366FFF9EFF45881AFEE2F8B5" authority="Lotzkat & Hertz & Köhler, 2012" box="[151,349,1877,1902]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noalamina" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="5B844844366FFF9EFF45881AFEE2F8B5" bold="true" box="[151,349,1877,1902]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Sibon noalamina</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="694F9456366FFF9EFF458836FF40F84A" blockId="1.[151,446,1877,1937]" box="[151,255,1913,1937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">
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<figureCitation id="F1CB88D3366FFF9EFF458836FF40F84A" box="[151,255,1913,1937]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1882,1905]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1962,1985]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,250,1733,1756]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,195,1857]" captionTargetBox-1="[275,1288,204,1921]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,645,1726]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[253,1326,193,1933]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[151,1436,623,1737]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Type series of Sibon noalamina: (A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3 – 5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Head of Holotype (SMF 91539) of Sibon noalamina: (A) lateral (right side), (B) dorsal, and (C) ventral views. Scale bars equal 1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Hemipenis of Holotype (SMF 91539) of Sibon noalamina: (A) sulcate, (B) asulcate view. Scale bar equals 1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/208861/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/208862/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/208863/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366FFF9EFF45888DFD28F80C" authority="Kohler" authorityName="Kohler" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,663,1985,2007]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="articulata">
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<emphasis id="5B844844366FFF9EFF45888DFEEFF80C" box="[151,336,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Dipsas articulata:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A7366FFF9EFE84888EFD28F80C" author="Kohler, G." bookContentInfo="400 pp." box="[342,663,1985,2007]" journalOrPublisher="Herpeton, Offenbach [Germany]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" refId="ref9379" refString="Kohler, G. (2008) Reptiles of Central America. Herpeton, Offenbach [Germany], 400 pp." title="Reptiles of Central America" type="book" year="2008" yearSuffix="p">Köhler (2008: p. 219: Fig. 592)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A7366FFF9EFD70888EFC8AF803" accessDate="2011-06-26" author="Stadler, L." bookContentInfo="290 pp." box="[674,821,1985,2008]" firstAuthor="Stadler" journalOrPublisher="Diploma thesis. Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" publicationUrl="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/abteilung/terrzool/herpetologie/herpetofauna_alto_de_piedra_veraguas_panama_stadler_2010.pdf" refId="ref10279" refString="Stadler, L. (2010) Diversitat, Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Herpetofauna der Umgebung von Alto de Piedra (Veraguas, Panama). Diploma thesis. Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, 290 pp. Available from http: // www. senckenberg. de / files / content / forschung / abteilung / terrzool / herpetologie / herpetofauna _ alto _ de _ piedra _ veraguas _ panama _ stadler _ 2010. pdf (accessed 26 June 2011)." title="Diversitat, Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Herpetofauna der Umgebung von Alto de Piedra (Veraguas, Panama)" type="book" year="2010">Stadler (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A7366FFF9EFC92888EFC6EF80C" accessDate="2011-06-26" author="Carrizo, A." bookContentInfo="123 pp." box="[832,977,1985,2007]" firstAuthor="Carrizo" journalOrPublisher="Master thesis. Universidad Autonoma de Chiriqui, David" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" publicationUrl="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/abteilung/terrzool/herpetologie/herpetofauna_cuenca_alta_rio_santa_maria_veraguas_panama_carrizo_2010.pdf" refId="ref8965" refString="Carrizo, A. (2010) Riqueza y abundancia de la herpetofauna de la cuenca alta del Rio Santa Maria, Santa Fe, Veraguas. Master thesis. Universidad Autonoma de Chiriqui, David, 123 pp. Available from http: // www. senckenberg. de / files / content / forschung / abteilung / terrzool / herpetologie / herpetofauna _ cuenca _ alta _ rio _ santa _ maria _ veraguas _ panama _ carrizo _ 2010. pdf (accessed 26 June 2011)." title="Riqueza y abundancia de la herpetofauna de la cuenca alta del Rio Santa Maria, Santa Fe, Veraguas" type="book" year="2010">Carrizo (2010</bibRefCitation>
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: in part, referring to
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<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A7366FFF9EFB70888EFA9CF803" accessDate="2011-06-26" author="Stadler, L." bookContentInfo="290 pp." box="[1186,1315,1985,2008]" firstAuthor="Stadler" journalOrPublisher="Diploma thesis. Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" publicationUrl="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/abteilung/terrzool/herpetologie/herpetofauna_alto_de_piedra_veraguas_panama_stadler_2010.pdf" refId="ref10279" refString="Stadler, L. (2010) Diversitat, Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Herpetofauna der Umgebung von Alto de Piedra (Veraguas, Panama). Diploma thesis. Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, 290 pp. Available from http: // www. senckenberg. de / files / content / forschung / abteilung / terrzool / herpetologie / herpetofauna _ alto _ de _ piedra _ veraguas _ panama _ stadler _ 2010. pdf (accessed 26 June 2011)." title="Diversitat, Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Herpetofauna der Umgebung von Alto de Piedra (Veraguas, Panama)" type="book" year="2010">Stadler 2010</bibRefCitation>
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)
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A–C, 2–3), adult
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, from headwaters of
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, approximately
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NW
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(
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),
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,
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<collectingCounty id="802EECDA366DFF9CFF0D8F90FE59FF2C" box="[223,486,223,247]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Comarca Ngöbe-Buglé</collectingCounty>
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(formerly province of
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<collectingRegion id="AB345AB4366DFF9CFD278FAFFC15FF2C" box="[757,938,223,247]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
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),
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; collected by
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<collectorName id="C405F180366DFF9CFB108F90FAD7FF2C" box="[1218,1384,223,247]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Andreas Hertz</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName id="C405F180366DFF9CFF458E4BFEE0FEC7" box="[151,351,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Sebastian Lotzkat</collectorName>
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on
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|
||
<collectingDate id="0D0A4B7E366DFF9CFE5A8E4BFD80FEC7" box="[392,575,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" value="2010-08-10">10 August 2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3D8FC4DE366CFF9DFF458815FF65F80D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208861/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[151,1435,195,1857]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="694F9456366CFF9DFF458815FF65F80D" blockId="2.[151,1436,1882,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366CFF9DFF458815FEA9F8AB" bold="true" box="[151,278,1882,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Type series of
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366CFF9DFE6F8815FDCBF8AB" box="[445,628,1882,1904]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366CFF9DFE6F8815FDD0F8AB" box="[445,623,1882,1904]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noalamina">Sibon noalamina</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3–5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="694F9456366DFF9CFF158E67FAECFE77" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFF158E67FEF9FE9B" bold="true" box="[199,326,296,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64B2AF4366DFF9CFF158E67FEFEFE9B" box="[199,321,296,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D9989E0B366DFF9CFE828E68FC14FEBF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3443624303" collectingDate="2009-10-29" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="Andreas Hertz & Sebastian Lotzkat" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="90180" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="0FE10C93366DFF9CFE828E68FE37FEE4" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[336,392,295,319]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="39563C2D366DFF9CFE408E68FE67FEE4" box="[402,472,295,319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">90180</specimenCode>
|
||
(original field number SL 494;
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D3366DFF9CFC868E68FC30FEE4" box="[852,911,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1882,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Type series of Sibon noalamina: (A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3 – 5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208861/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Fig 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D), juvenile
|
||
<specimenCount id="7FF65FDF366DFF9CFBF78E68FBE1FEE4" box="[1061,1118,295,319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" type="male">male</specimenCount>
|
||
, same locality as holotype; collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="C405F180366DFF9CFEF78E03FE78FEBF" box="[293,455,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Andreas Hertz</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="C405F180366DFF9CFE2E8E03FD7CFEBF" box="[508,707,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Sebastian Lotzkat</collectorName>
|
||
on
|
||
<date id="1D4EB296366DFF9CFD3E8E03FC14FEBF" box="[748,939,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" value="2009-10-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="0D0A4B7E366DFF9CFD3E8E03FC14FEBF" box="[748,939,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" value="2009-10-29">29 October 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D9989E0B366DFF9CFC668E03FAECFE77" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3443624301" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<collectionCode id="0FE10C93366DFF9CFC668E03FC53FEBF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[948,1004,332,356]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
89550 (original field number LSt 015;
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D3366DFF9CFF458E20FF71FE5C" box="[151,206,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1882,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Type series of Sibon noalamina: (A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3 – 5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208861/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Fig 1</figureCitation>
|
||
E), juvenile, from Cerro Mariposa near Alto de Piedra, approx.
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFC488E20FC57FE5C" box="[922,1000,367,391]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="3.5">3.5 km</quantity>
|
||
W of Santa Fé,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0CC4F291366DFF9CFB4F8E20FAB2FE5C" box="[1181,1293,367,391]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="8.5001">8.5001°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0CC4F291366DFF9CFACA8E20FA27FE5C" box="[1304,1432,367,391]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="-81.117">81.1170°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFF458EDBFF51FE77" box="[151,238,404,428]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1260.0">1260 m</quantity>
|
||
, province of Veraguas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11E7D4C6366DFF9CFE278EDAFDEEFE77" box="[501,593,405,428]" name="Panama" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
; collected by Sebastian Lotzkat and Andreas Hertz on
|
||
<date id="1D4EB296366DFF9CFB658EDBFAEFFE77" box="[1207,1360,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" value="2008-05-28">28 May 2008</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="21EAC7DD366DFF9CFF158EF8FC74FBA7" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="694F9456366DFF9CFF158EF8FCC7FD7C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFF158EF8FEFEFE0B" bold="true" box="[199,321,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFE9B8EF7FDB6FE0B" box="[329,521,440,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noalamina">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFE9B8EF7FDB6FE0B" box="[329,521,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Sibon noalamina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all described species of
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFC7D8EF7FC49FE0B" box="[943,1014,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFC7D8EF7FC4DFE0B" box="[943,1010,440,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sibon</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and from all other Central American snail-eaters, in its slight keeling on the third to fifth dorsal row at midbody in adults, and, most obviously, in having only five supralabials, with the fifth and ultimate one being the only supralabial posterior to the orbit (versus two supralabials posterior to orbit in all other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFD3B8D6BFC97FDE7" box="[745,808,548,572]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFD3B8D6BFC97FDE7" box="[745,808,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Sibon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and exhibiting a peculiar shape: Its anterior portion is almost twice as high as the remaining supralabials, resembling the enlarged penultimate supralabial of other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFA878D07FA2AFDBB" box="[1365,1429,584,608]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFA878D07FA2AFDBB" box="[1365,1429,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Sibon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Then it decreases in height towards the posterior portion that is about as high as the third supralabial, resembling the ultimate, usually moderately-sized, supralabial of other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFCE38DDFFCCFFD73" box="[817,880,656,680]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFCE38DDFFCCFFD73" box="[817,880,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Sibon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694F9456366DFF9CFF158DFBFC74FBA7" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Additionally, its contrasting color pattern of complete dark rings on light background distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFA558DFAFEB0FD2B" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noalamina">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFA558DFAFEB0FD2B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">S. noalamina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from all Lower Central American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFD4F8D97FD62FD2B" box="[669,733,728,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFD4F8D97FD62FD2B" box="[669,733,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Sibon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFCE48D97FB95FD34" authority="Cope" authorityName="Cope" box="[822,1066,727,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anthracops">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFCE48D97FC6EFD2B" box="[822,977,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">S. anthracops</emphasis>
|
||
(Cope)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from which it differs by having 15 dorsal rows throughout the body (vs.
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFDA58DB3FD0BFCCF" box="[631,692,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="13.0">13 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFD6C8DB2FCE3FCCF" box="[702,860,764,788]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anthracops">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFD6C8DB2FCE3FCCF" box="[702,860,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">S. anthracops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). At first sight, especially the more contrastingly colored juveniles of the new species might be confused with the coral snake-mimics
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFB878C6EFAA6FCE3" box="[1109,1305,800,824]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFB878C6EFAA6FCE3" box="[1109,1305,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Dipsas articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFAFA8C6EFEB7FC87" authority="Gunther" authorityName="Gunther" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFAFA8C6EFA23FCE3" box="[1320,1436,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">D. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
(Günther)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFEC58C0AFD98FC87" authority="Werner" authorityName="Werner" box="[279,551,836,860]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="temporalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFEC58C0AFE0AFC87" box="[279,437,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">D. temporalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Werner)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFD8A8C0AFCEEFC87" authority="Bocourt" authorityName="Bocourt" box="[600,849,836,860]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viguieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFD8A8C0AFD6AFC87" box="[600,725,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">D. viguieri</emphasis>
|
||
(Bocourt)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. From these,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFC208C0AFB35FC87" box="[1010,1162,836,860]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noalamina">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFC208C0AFB35FC87" box="[1010,1162,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">S. noalamina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished by the presence of a mental groove (lacking in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFD228C26FC81FC5B" box="[752,830,873,896]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFD228C26FC81FC5B" box="[752,830,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Dipsas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), lower ventral counts (164–177 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFB218C28FAC9FCA4" box="[1267,1398,871,895]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2451" metricValueMax="5.5118" metricValueMin="4.9784" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="206.5" valueMax="217.0" valueMin="196.0">196–217 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFA538C26FEBAFC7F" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="articulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFA538C26FEBAFC7F" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">D. articulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFEC78CC3FE2AFC7F" box="[277,405,908,932]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8895" metricValueMax="5.0546" metricValueMin="4.7244" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="192.5" valueMax="199.0" valueMin="186.0">186–199 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFE4C8CC2FDA8FC7F" box="[414,535,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFE4C8CC2FDACFC7F" box="[414,531,908,932]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">D. bicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFDCD8CC3FD1FFC7F" box="[543,672,908,932]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8006" metricValueMax="5.2832" metricValueMin="4.318" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="189.0" valueMax="208.0" valueMin="170.0">170–208 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFD7A8CC2FCF4FC7F" box="[680,843,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFD7A8CC2FCF8FC7F" box="[680,839,908,932]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="temporalis">D. temporalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFC568CC3FBBAFC7F" box="[900,1029,908,932]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9911" metricValueMax="5.1562" metricValueMin="4.826" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="196.5" valueMax="203.0" valueMin="190.0">190–203 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFBDF8CC2FB37FC7F" box="[1037,1160,909,932]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viguieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFBDF8CC2FB37FC7F" box="[1037,1160,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">D. viguieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the unique supralabial condition (5 supralabials with only the ultimate, peculiarly shaped one posterior to orbit versus 9–10 supralabials in
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFF458C9AFE91FC37" box="[151,302,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFF458C9AFE95FC37" box="[151,298,980,1004]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="articulata">D. articulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFEE78C9BFE28FC37" box="[309,407,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="2.794" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10–11 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFE4C8C9AFDA8FC37" box="[414,535,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFE4C8C9AFDACFC37" box="[414,531,980,1004]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">D. bicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFDCD8C9BFDDAFC37" box="[543,613,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" metricValueMax="2.032" metricValueMin="1.778" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFDBE8C9AFCB2FC37" box="[620,781,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFDBE8C9AFCB6FC37" box="[620,777,980,1004]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="temporalis">D. temporalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFC918C9BFC27FC37" box="[835,920,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.413" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="9.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="9.0">9–10 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFC4D8C9AFBA0FC37" box="[927,1055,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFC4D8C9AFBA4FC37" box="[927,1051,981,1004]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viguieri">D. viguieri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
all shaped similarly, with three or more, rarely two, posterior to orbit), and fewer infralabials (6–7 infralabials versus
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFBE78CB8FB28FBD4" box="[1077,1175,1015,1039]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.921" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.794" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="11.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="11.0">11–12 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFB4F8CB6FA8BFBCB" box="[1181,1332,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFB4F8CB6FA8FFBCB" box="[1181,1328,1016,1040]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="articulata">D. articulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFAE98CB8FA23FBD4" box="[1339,1436,1015,1039]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="2.794" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10–11 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFF458B52FEB0FBEF" box="[151,271,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFF458B52FEB4FBEF" box="[151,267,1052,1076]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">D. bicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFEC48B53FED3FBEF" box="[278,364,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="8.0">8–13 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFEA68B52FDAAFBEF" box="[372,533,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFEA68B52FDAEFBEF" box="[372,529,1052,1076]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="temporalis">D. temporalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFD9F8B53FD1DFBEF" box="[589,674,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" metricValueMax="2.794" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">9–11 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFD788B52FC9BFBEF" box="[682,804,1053,1076]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viguieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFD788B52FC9BFBEF" box="[682,804,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">D. viguieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFC048B52FBD4FBEF" box="[982,1131,1052,1076]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noalamina">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFC048B52FBD4FBEF" box="[982,1131,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">S. noalamina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFAD38B52FA23FBEF" box="[1281,1436,1052,1076]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="temporalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFAD38B52FA23FBEF" box="[1281,1436,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">D. temporalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in retaining the contrast between light and dark rings throughout body and tail (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D3366DFF9CFBF08B70FBDBFB8C" box="[1058,1124,1087,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1882,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Type series of Sibon noalamina: (A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3 – 5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208861/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366DFF9CFAD28B0EFA23FB83" box="[1280,1436,1088,1112]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="temporalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFAD28B0EFA23FB83" box="[1280,1436,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">D. temporalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the light portions grade into medium to dark brown posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D3366DFF9CFCB68B2BFC18FBA7" box="[868,935,1124,1148]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1877,1900]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Snail-eaters collected in western Panama: (A) Sibon annulatus (La Fortuna, SMF 88715), (B) S. annulatus (Río Changena, SMF 91578), (C) S. longifrenis (Cerro Mariposa, SMF 91581), (D) S. nebulatus (La Fortuna, SMF 90209), (E) S. perissostichon (La Fortuna, SMF 88716), (F) and (G) Dipsas articulata (Cerro Negro, SMF 89952), (H) D. temporalis (Cerro Negro, SMF 89769)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208865/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
H).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="21EAC7DD366DFF99FF158BC8FB54F9F7" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="694F9456366DFF9CFF158BC8FF41F807" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366DFF9CFF158BC8FDB0FB7B" bold="true" box="[199,527,1159,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64B2AF4366DFF9CFE738BC7FDB5FB7B" box="[417,522,1160,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D3366DFF9CFD738BC8FD56FB44" box="[673,745,1159,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1882,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Type series of Sibon noalamina: (A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3 – 5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208861/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="29">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C, 2–3), as indicated by everted hemipenes; SVL
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFAEB8BC8FA27FB44" box="[1337,1432,1159,1183]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="385.0">385 mm</quantity>
|
||
, TL
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFF128BE3FEA2FB1F" box="[192,285,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.61" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="161.0">161 mm</quantity>
|
||
(but tail incomplete); TOL
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFD868BE3FD0AFB1F" box="[596,693,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.46" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="546.0">546 mm</quantity>
|
||
; HL
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFD3F8BE3FCEBFB1F" box="[749,852,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="12.4">12.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; HW
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFC478BE3FC51FB1F" box="[917,1006,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="8.2">8.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; SL
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFBF08BE3FBC4FB1F" box="[1058,1147,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head distinct from neck; snout short, blunt in dorsal and lateral outline; rostral wider (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFCE88B80FC2EFB3C" box="[826,913,1231,1255]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than high (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFBC58B80FBCEFB3C" box="[1047,1137,1231,1255]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
), not extending posteriorly between internasals, its length visible from above one fifth length of median internasal suture (1.0 mm); internasals shorter (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFF278A58FEF2FAF4" box="[245,333,1303,1327]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than wide (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFE088A58FD8AFAF4" box="[474,565,1303,1327]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
), their length between one half and two-thirds length of prefrontal suture (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFAAA8A58FF78FA8F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
); prefrontals shorter (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFE6E8A73FDAAFA8F" box="[444,533,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than wide (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFD778A73FCBDFA8F" box="[677,770,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
), their median suture (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFBD38A73FBE5FA8F" box="[1025,1114,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
) about three-fifths length of frontal; prefrontals bordering eye above loreal; frontal longer (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFCBD8A10FC74FAAC" box="[879,971,1375,1399]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than wide (3.0 mm), widest anteriorly, length almost two-thirds that of parietal, in contact with prefrontals, supraoculars, and parietals; supraoculars longer (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFF228AE8FEF3FA64" box="[240,332,1447,1471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than wide (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFE328AE8FD81FA64" box="[480,574,1447,1471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
), nearly as long as frontal; parietals longer (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFB908AE8FB21FA64" box="[1090,1182,1447,1471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="5.8">5.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than wide (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFAE08AE8FA2FFA64" box="[1330,1424,1447,1471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
), widest anteriorly, their median suture (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFDB38A83FD00FA3F" box="[609,703,1484,1508]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
) slightly longer than frontal; parietals in contact with frontal, supraoculars, upper postoculars, anterior and posterior temporals, and nine nuchal scales; nasal divided, in contact with first two supralabials, loreal, prefrontal, internasal, and rostral; loreal single, longer (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFB41895BFB53F9F7" box="[1171,1260,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than high (1.0 mm), its length more than one-half length of snout, and two-thirds length of eye (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFB858978FB09F994" box="[1111,1206,1591,1615]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
); preoculars absent; postoculars 2; temporals 1+2/2+2, all above fifth supralabial; supralabials five, with third and fourth bordering eye (enlarged anterior portion of ultimate supralabial separated from eye by lower postocular); fifth and ultimate supralabial conspicuously long (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFDDB89EBFDD7F967" box="[521,616,1700,1724]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
), longer than combined lengths of third and fourth supralabials, with a higher (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFF3D8987FEF5F93B" box="[239,330,1736,1760]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
) anterior and a lower (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFD828987FD14F93B" box="[592,683,1736,1760]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
) posterior portion; pupil vertically elliptical; eye length one and a half times length of loreal; infralabials 6, first pair in contact behind mental; no postmental; infralabials
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFA8089A3FA23F8DF" box="[1362,1436,1772,1796]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 in</quantity>
|
||
contact with anterior chin shields; anterior chin shields paired, longer (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFC6D885FFBA6F8F3" box="[959,1049,1808,1832]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than wide (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFB78885FFAB8F8F3" box="[1194,1287,1808,1832]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
), longer than posterior chin shields; posterior chin shields longer (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFCDE887BFCD5F897" box="[780,874,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than wide (
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366DFF9CFBDA887BFBD6F897" box="[1032,1129,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
), paired, in broad contact medially; mental groove present; ventrals 170; cloacal scute single; subcaudals 80 (but tail incomplete), divided; ventrals plus subcaudals 250 (but tail incomplete); dorsal scales mostly smooth, but slightly keeled on dorsal rows 3–5 around midbody, striate, in 15–15–15 rows, without apical pits or supracloacal ridges; vertebral row slightly enlarged.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3D8FC4DE366AFF9BFF4588E5FE3CF83F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208862/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[275,1288,204,1921]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="694F9456366AFF9BFF4588E5FE3CF83F" blockId="4.[151,1437,1962,2020]" pageId="4" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366AFF9BFF4588E5FEABF81B" bold="true" box="[151,276,1962,1985]" pageId="4" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Head of Holotype (SMF 91539) of
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366AFF9BFD5C88E4FCFAF81A" box="[654,837,1963,1985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366AFF9BFD5C88E4FC80F81A" box="[654,831,1963,1985]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noalamina">Sibon noalamina</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A) lateral (right side), (B) dorsal, and (C) ventral views. Scale bars equal 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="694F9456366BFF9AFF158FD8FADEFF2C" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="31">
|
||
The fully everted hemipenis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D3366BFF9AFDC98FD8FDDFFF74" box="[539,608,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1733,1756]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,645,1726]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,623,1737]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Hemipenis of Holotype (SMF 91539) of Sibon noalamina: (A) sulcate, (B) asulcate view. Scale bar equals 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208863/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="31">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) is a stout unilobed capitate organ; the capitulum is covered by calyces bearing spinules; no naked pocket; the sulcus spermaticus is bordered by well-developed sulcal lips, bifurcates at the base of apex with the branches continuing onto the apex; truncus with two series of large recurved spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694F9456366BFF9AFF158E4BFE52FD84" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="31">Coloration in life. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral surfaces of body and tail Pale Horn Color (92); body with 14, tail with eight broad Sepia (219) rings, body rings extending over 6–12 middorsal scales, narrowing towards and on venter; interspaces between these rings extending over 3–6 middorsal scales, speckled with Sepia (219) except for narrow portions immediately adjacent to the dark rings; tip of (incomplete) tail Sepia (119); dorsal and lateral surfaces of head Pale Horn Color (92), grading into Flesh Ocher (132D) anteriorly, heavily mottled with Sepia (219); parietals, frontal, and central portions of prefrontals almost completely Sepia (219), as well as the middorsal scales of the first two transverse rows of dorsals posterior to parietals, connecting Sepia (219) coloration to first body ring; ventral surface of head Pale Horn Color (92) mottled with Sepia (219), especially on infralabials; iris Sepia (119). Color after ten months in preservative (70% ethanol) is similar to that in life, apart from that all yellow and orange shades have faded.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3D8FC4DE366BFF9AFF45898AFA27F907" box="[151,1432,1733,1756]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208863/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[151,1435,645,1726]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="694F9456366BFF9AFF45898AFA27F907" blockId="5.[151,1432,1733,1756]" box="[151,1432,1733,1756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366BFF9AFF45898AFEADF900" bold="true" box="[151,274,1733,1756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Hemipenis of Holotype (SMF 91539) of
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366BFF9AFD6A8989FCD2F907" box="[696,877,1734,1756]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD5366BFF9AFD6A8989FCD8F907" box="[696,871,1734,1756]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noalamina">Sibon noalamina</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A) sulcate, (B) asulcate view. Scale bar equals 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="694F9456366BFF99FF158843FE51FF2C" blockId="5.[151,1436,1804,2008]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,1797]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B844844366BFF9AFF158843FE84F8FE" bold="true" box="[199,315,1804,1829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="31">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The juvenile
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64B2AF4366BFF9AFE3B8842FDEBF8FE" box="[489,596,1805,1829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="31" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(SMF 89550,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D3366BFF9AFCD58843FCF4F8FF" box="[775,843,1804,1828]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1882,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Type series of Sibon noalamina: (A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3 – 5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208861/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="31">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
E; and SMF 90180,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D3366BFF9AFB948843FB37F8FF" box="[1094,1160,1804,1828]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1882,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Type series of Sibon noalamina: (A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3 – 5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208861/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="31">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D) agree well with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64B2AF4366BFF9AFF45887FFF46F893" box="[151,249,1840,1864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in terms of general morphology and pholidosis (even in their tails being incomplete), differing mostly in their lack of any keels on dorsal rows 3–5 and in their somewhat more contrasting coloration. Scale counts that differ from that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64B2AF4366BFF9AFE498837FE42F84B" box="[411,509,1912,1936]" pageId="5" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
are as follows: ventrals 164 (SMF 89550), 177 (SMF 90180); subcaudals 93, 96 (both tails are incomplete); ventrals plus subcaudals 257, 273 (but both tails are incomplete); temporals 1+2/1+
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B3366BFF9AFAA288D3FA23F86F" box="[1392,1436,1948,1972]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="5" pageNumber="31" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
both, anterior temporals of both sides entering orbit between upper and lower postoculars (SMF 89550); parietals bordered posteriorly by 8 nuchal scales in both; infralabials 6/7, 1–
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FC458FD8FC7AFF74" box="[919,965,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
|
||
contact with first chin shield on left side (SMF 89550). Body measurements of the juvenile specimens are SVL
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FC798FF3FBB5FF0F" box="[939,1034,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="178.0">178 mm</quantity>
|
||
, TL
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FBEC8FF3FB33FF0F" box="[1086,1164,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="68.0">68 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SMF 89550), SVL
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FAA08FF3FF79FF2C" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.61" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="161.0">161 mm</quantity>
|
||
, TL
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FF288F90FEF7FF2C" box="[250,328,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="64.0">64 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SMF 90180).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694F94563668FF99FF158E4BFE02FDE7" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11E7D4C63668FF99FF158E4BFF59FEC7" box="[199,230,260,284]" name="American Samoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D33668FF99FE508E4BFE7AFEC7" box="[386,453,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1882,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Type series of Sibon noalamina: (A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3 – 5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208861/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
, the coloration in life of the juveniles presents a stronger contrast than that of the adult
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64B2AF43668FF99FF458E68FF42FEE4" box="[151,253,295,319]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Moreover, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64B2AF43668FF99FE608E67FDA2FE9B" box="[434,541,296,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
show variation in the relative width of dark and light rings. The latter appear most narrow in the juvenile from Veraguas (SMF 89550), which was recorded as follows (modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A73668FF99FA9F8E03FF6AFE5C" accessDate="2011-06-26" author="Stadler, L." bookContentInfo="290 pp." firstAuthor="Stadler" journalOrPublisher="Diploma thesis. Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" publicationUrl="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/abteilung/terrzool/herpetologie/herpetofauna_alto_de_piedra_veraguas_panama_stadler_2010.pdf" refId="ref10279" refString="Stadler, L. (2010) Diversitat, Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Herpetofauna der Umgebung von Alto de Piedra (Veraguas, Panama). Diploma thesis. Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, 290 pp. Available from http: // www. senckenberg. de / files / content / forschung / abteilung / terrzool / herpetologie / herpetofauna _ alto _ de _ piedra _ veraguas _ panama _ stadler _ 2010. pdf (accessed 26 June 2011)." title="Diversitat, Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Herpetofauna der Umgebung von Alto de Piedra (Veraguas, Panama)" type="book" year="2010">Stadler 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): Body and tail with alternating, complete dark and light rings; broader rings Jet Black (89), light rings Chamois (123D), about half as wide as, and becoming lighter toward, the dark rings; dorsal and lateral ground color of head Jet Black (89); crescent-shaped lateral markings on posterior portion of head and small blotches on snout Chamois (123D); ventral surfaces of head and neck Chamois (123D) mottled with Jet Black (89); iris black. The color after 37 months in preservative (70% ethanol) is similar to that in life, apart from that all yellow and orange shades have faded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694F94563668FF99FF158D07FC75FC7F" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FF158D07FE74FDBB" bold="true" box="[199,459,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Natural history notes.</emphasis>
|
||
All three specimens were encountered at night on vegetation. The juvenile SMF 89550 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D33668FF99FF4D8D23FF61FD5F" box="[159,222,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1882,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Type series of Sibon noalamina: (A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3 – 5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208861/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
E) from Cerro Mariposa, Veraguas, was moving through epiphytic liverworts growing on a small tree-trunk about
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FF0E8DC0FEA3FD7C" box="[220,284,655,679]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</quantity>
|
||
above ground at 18:40 hrs, after a rainy afternoon. The habitat may be characterized as ridgetop cloud forest with abundant epiphytic vegetation. Annual precipitation is approx.
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FC288DFBFBD4FD17" box="[1018,1131,692,716]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="2500.0">2500 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mean annual temperature approx. 20.2 °C, indicating the Premontane Wet Forest life zone according to the
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A73668FF99FBE78D98FB46FD34" author="Holdridge, L. R." bookContentInfo="206 pp." box="[1077,1273,727,751]" firstAuthor="Holdridge" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Science Center, San Jose, Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" refId="ref9256" refString="Holdridge, L. R. (1967) Life zone ecology. Tropical Science Center, San Jose, Costa Rica, 206 pp." title="Life zone ecology" type="book" year="1967">Holdridge (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
classification. Other snail-eaters found at lower elevations on the slopes of Cerro Mariposa are
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FBA68DB2FE12FCE3" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FBA68DB2FAF4FCCF" box="[1140,1355,764,788]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="temporalis">Dipsas temporalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FA8E8DB3FEB7FCE3" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annulatus">Sibon annulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FEC18C6FFE16FCE3" box="[275,425,800,824]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longifrenis">S. longifrenis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FE318C6FFDCCFCE3" box="[483,627,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FE318C6FFDD0FCE3" box="[483,623,800,824]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulatus">S. nebulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A complete list of the herpetofauna documented around Cerro Mariposa was given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A73668FF99FE918C0BFE53FC87" accessDate="2011-06-26" author="Stadler, L." bookContentInfo="290 pp." box="[323,492,836,860]" firstAuthor="Stadler" journalOrPublisher="Diploma thesis. Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" publicationUrl="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/abteilung/terrzool/herpetologie/herpetofauna_alto_de_piedra_veraguas_panama_stadler_2010.pdf" refId="ref10279" refString="Stadler, L. (2010) Diversitat, Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Herpetofauna der Umgebung von Alto de Piedra (Veraguas, Panama). Diploma thesis. Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, 290 pp. Available from http: // www. senckenberg. de / files / content / forschung / abteilung / terrzool / herpetologie / herpetofauna _ alto _ de _ piedra _ veraguas _ panama _ stadler _ 2010. pdf (accessed 26 June 2011)." title="Diversitat, Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Herpetofauna der Umgebung von Alto de Piedra (Veraguas, Panama)" type="book" year="2010">Stadler (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who also provided extensive data on climate and vegetation. Additionally, the herpetofauna of the general Santa Fé region was treated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A73668FF99FCE28C28FB37FCA4" author="Martinez V. C. & Rodriguez, A." box="[816,1160,871,895]" firstAuthor="Martinez" journalOrPublisher="Scientia (Panama)" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" pagination="29 - 53" part="7" refId="ref9685" refString="Martinez V. C. & Rodriguez, A. (1994 " 1992 ") Del primer inventario en " Cerro Tute ". Amphibia: Caudata y Anura. Reptilia: Squamata. Sauria y Serpentes. Scientia (Panama), 7, 29 - 53." title="Del primer inventario en " Cerro Tute ". Amphibia: Caudata y Anura. Reptilia: Squamata. Sauria y Serpentes" type="journal article" year="1994">Martínez and Rodriguez (1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
“1992”),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A73668FF99FB2A8C28FF67FC7F" author="Martinez, V. C. & Pimentel, N. & Hurdaneta, A." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Martinez" journalOrPublisher="Scientia (Panama)" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" pagination="59 - 79" part="9" refId="ref9629" refString="Martinez, V. C., Pimentel, N. & Hurdaneta, A. (1995 " 1994 ") Diversidad herpetofaunistica en los cerros " Narices " y " La Anselma ": Provincia de Veraguas. Distrito de Santa Fe. Scientia (Panama), 9, 59 - 79." title="Diversidad herpetofaunistica en los cerros " Narices " y " La Anselma ": Provincia de Veraguas. Distrito de Santa Fe" type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||
Martínez
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FAB68C26FA23FC5B" box="[1380,1436,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
“
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A73668FF99FF388CC3FE97FC7F" author="Martinez V. C. & Rodriguez, A." box="[234,296,908,932]" firstAuthor="Martinez" journalOrPublisher="Scientia (Panama)" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" pagination="29 - 53" part="7" refId="ref9685" refString="Martinez V. C. & Rodriguez, A. (1994 " 1992 ") Del primer inventario en " Cerro Tute ". Amphibia: Caudata y Anura. Reptilia: Squamata. Sauria y Serpentes. Scientia (Panama), 7, 29 - 53." title="Del primer inventario en " Cerro Tute ". Amphibia: Caudata y Anura. Reptilia: Squamata. Sauria y Serpentes" type="journal article" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
”), and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A73668FF99FEA58CC3FDA0FC7F" accessDate="2011-06-26" author="Carrizo, A." bookContentInfo="123 pp." box="[375,543,908,932]" firstAuthor="Carrizo" journalOrPublisher="Master thesis. Universidad Autonoma de Chiriqui, David" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" publicationUrl="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/abteilung/terrzool/herpetologie/herpetofauna_cuenca_alta_rio_santa_maria_veraguas_panama_carrizo_2010.pdf" refId="ref8965" refString="Carrizo, A. (2010) Riqueza y abundancia de la herpetofauna de la cuenca alta del Rio Santa Maria, Santa Fe, Veraguas. Master thesis. Universidad Autonoma de Chiriqui, David, 123 pp. Available from http: // www. senckenberg. de / files / content / forschung / abteilung / terrzool / herpetologie / herpetofauna _ cuenca _ alta _ rio _ santa _ maria _ veraguas _ panama _ carrizo _ 2010. pdf (accessed 26 June 2011)." title="Riqueza y abundancia de la herpetofauna de la cuenca alta del Rio Santa Maria, Santa Fe, Veraguas" type="book" year="2010">Carrizo (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and updated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A73668FF99FD0E8CC3FC79FC7F" author="Lotzkat, S. & Hertz, A. & Stadler, L. & Hamad, N. & Carrizo, A. & Kohler, G." box="[732,966,908,932]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lotzkat" journalOrPublisher="Herpetological Review" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" pagination="520 - 523" part="41" refId="ref9497" refString="Lotzkat, S., Hertz, A., Stadler, L., Hamad, N., Carrizo, A. & Kohler, G. (2010) Noteworthy distribution records of reptiles from Western Panama. Herpetological Review, 41, 520 - 523" title="Noteworthy distribution records of reptiles from Western Panama" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Lotzkat
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FCEB8CC2FCCEFC7F" box="[825,881,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694F94563668FF99FF158CE0FE6EFA8F" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D33668FF99FF158CE0FE9EFC1C" box="[199,289,943,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1882,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Type series of Sibon noalamina: (A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3 – 5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208861/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D shows the juvenile SMF 90180 as it was encountered at 19:40 hrs and 19.1 °C air temperature at the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64B2AF43668FF99FF458C9AFF78FC36" box="[151,199,981,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality: It was lying in loose coils upon a large leaf about
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FC5A8C9BFC74FC37" box="[904,971,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</quantity>
|
||
above ground, in herbaceous secondary vegetation below the floodline of, and less than
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FD668CB8FD52FBD4" box="[692,749,1015,1039]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
away from, a small stream. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64B2AF43668FF99FBB28CB8FB7DFBD4" box="[1120,1218,1015,1039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was found close to this stream while moving about in secondary forest,
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FD348B53FCAEFBEF" box="[742,785,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
above ground at 23:00 hrs. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64B2AF43668FF99FB538B52FB0EFBEE" box="[1153,1201,1053,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is the valley of the mentioned stream, with rather undisturbed forest on the slope ascending northwards, minor clearings overgrown with grass and solitary trees directly by the riverside, and a more secondary forest on the slope ascending southward. Reptiles collected in this valley include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FC8A8BC7FB82FB7B" authority="Peters" authorityName="Peters" box="[856,1085,1160,1184]" class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capito">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FC8A8BC7FC51FB7B" box="[856,1006,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Anolis capito</emphasis>
|
||
Peters
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FB988BC7FAB4FB7B" authority="Peters" authorityName="Peters" box="[1098,1291,1160,1184]" class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FB988BC7FB02FB7B" box="[1098,1213,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">A. humilis</emphasis>
|
||
Peters
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FACA8BC7FF6AFB1F" authority="Cope" authorityName="Cope" class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FACA8BC7FA23FB7B" box="[1304,1436,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">A. limifrons</emphasis>
|
||
Cope
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FF338BE3FE1DFB1F" authority="Cope" authorityName="Cope" box="[225,418,1196,1220]" class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lionotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FF338BE3FEE4FB1F" box="[225,347,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">A. lionotus</emphasis>
|
||
Cope
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FE7C8BE3FCD8FB1F" authority="Noble" authorityName="Noble" box="[430,871,1196,1220]" class="Reptilia" family="Sphaerodactylidae" genus="Lepidoblepharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthostigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FE7C8BE3FCBAFB1F" box="[430,773,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma</emphasis>
|
||
(Noble)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FCA68BE3FB6DFB1F" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[884,1234,1196,1220]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Imantodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cenchoa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FCA68BE3FBF2FB1F" box="[884,1101,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Imantodes cenchoa</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FB0C8BE3FA23FB1F" box="[1246,1436,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FB0C8BE3FA28FB1F" box="[1246,1431,1196,1220]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annulatus">Sibon annulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FF1B8B9FFE51FB3C" authority="Garman" authorityName="Garman" box="[201,494,1231,1256]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Bothrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asper">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FF1B8B9FFEC8FB33" box="[201,375,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Bothrops asper</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11E7D4C63668FF99FE5B8B80FE58FB3C" box="[393,487,1231,1255]" name="Germany" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Garman</collectingCountry>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Annual total precipitation at the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64B2AF43668FF99FCAA8B9EFC17FB32" box="[888,936,1233,1257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is approx.
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FB5E8B80FB43FB33" box="[1164,1276,1231,1256]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="3000.0">3000 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mean annual temperature approx. 20.6 °C, indicating the Premontane Wet Forest life zone according to the
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D61E9A73668FF99FB048BBBFA23FAD7" author="Holdridge, L. R." bookContentInfo="206 pp." box="[1238,1436,1268,1292]" firstAuthor="Holdridge" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Science Center, San Jose, Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" refId="ref9256" refString="Holdridge, L. R. (1967) Life zone ecology. Tropical Science Center, San Jose, Costa Rica, 206 pp." title="Life zone ecology" type="book" year="1967">Holdridge (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
classification. The datalogger recordings yielded a temperature range of 17.6–22.6 °C, with a mean of 19.4 °C and standard deviation ± 1.3 °C.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694F94563668FF99FF158A10FB54F9F7" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FF158A10FE4DFAA3" bold="true" box="[199,498,1375,1400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF0EFD53668FF99FE2E8A2FFD00FAA3" box="[508,703,1376,1400]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Sibon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noalamina">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FE2E8A2FFD00FAA3" box="[508,703,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Sibon noalamina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is hitherto only known from the highlands of western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11E7D4C63668FF99FA918A2FFA23FAAC" box="[1347,1436,1376,1399]" name="Panama" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CB88D33668FF99FF4D8ACBFF54FA47" box="[159,235,1412,1436]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1331,1354]" captionTargetBox="[160,1425,386,1271]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,377,1284]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Collection localities of Sibon noalamina (squares, hollow symbol represents type locality), S. annulatus (upright triangles), S. longifrenis (pentagon), S. nebulatus (inverted triangles), and S. perissostichon (diamond), as well as protected areas (hatched) in western Panama. One symbol may represent several specimens from different localities close to each other. At the localities for S. noalamina and S. perissostichon, the symbols of other species found at the same general locality are offset for better visibility." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208864/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The two known localities lie some 125 airline km apart, roughly at either end of the easternmost uninterrupted portion of the Cordillera Central, known as Serranía de Tabasará, which is approximately delimited to the west by the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11E7D4C63668FF99FEB98A82FE7DFA3F" box="[363,450,1485,1508]" name="Wallis and Futuna" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Fortuna</collectingCountry>
|
||
depression and has its eastern limit in the region around Santa Fé. This indicates, as a minimum, a continuous distribution of the new taxon along the Caribbean versant of the Serranía de Tabasará, at premontane elevations between
|
||
<date id="1D4EB2963668FF99FE2D895BFD1AF9F7" box="[511,677,1556,1580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" value="1050" valueMax="1260">
|
||
1050 and
|
||
<quantity id="AE0839B33668FF99FDBF895BFD1AF9F7" box="[621,677,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1260.0">1260</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
m, most of it located in the Comarca Ngöbe-Buglé.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="21EAC7DD3668FF99FF158977FCF2F8DF" pageId="6" pageNumber="32" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="694F94563668FF99FF158977FCF2F8DF" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8448443668FF99FF158977FEF1F98B" bold="true" box="[199,334,1592,1616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="32">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet is a contraction of the exclamation “no a la mina!”, Spanish for “no to the mine”, in the sense of “no mining”. This affirmation was and is used by members of the indigenous Ngöbe communities living in the Serranía de Tabasará in the course of their protests against mining interests aiming to exploit their territory, especially around Cerro Colorado. The specific name is given in recognition and support of the Ngöbe’s struggle to protect their territory and environment, which is home to the new species described herein and many others, from profit-driven destructive interventions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |