156 lines
18 KiB
XML
156 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="749CAEE03B01E4AC3749E05398783CD5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2380.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5312376" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629667743400" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pogue, Michael G." docDate="2010" docId="7156EC101A21F47A3D824CA81EF5FCB7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02380p075.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2380 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2380.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Orthodes cynica Guenee Cynical Quaker 1852" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="8D6F94681A10F4483D154F0A1C46FFFA" masterDocTitle="The Hadeninae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA 2380" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1699092986803" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="84A33B1FE50CA31FCF7D85D64CD89736">The Hadeninae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA 2380</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8C8AB2CFFE9E4955C7BE1718B3319820">Pogue, Michael G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3C9E36EEC7A69723BECA80CAAC068171">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="912529B0FB1DBD9EB21606A3B4FB815E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D7A188A3EBF7C6C20A894E09CB3AD359">
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<mods:date id="FF69EA0DAA96063B0758D290A8124D04">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7DDB8ECF34E79F0EB41D0A5C94EA0359">2010-02-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="08604F89DB4BB047C85712F5107A330F">2380</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FC04CC9C75BA655E0222D39106EEE6C3">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="FD835EFAD4572CCEE2B5697A520E1396">75</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="2F5E2EC4CDE847F7DFDD3884BC417949">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2380.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="4144AFE19D6D1FBDE1D2958587B38FCF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C00838CC3C8638235E31B27E906B2D96" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2380.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C83A5D22F2563D678602B66202A43264" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7156EC101A21F47A3D824CA81EF5FCB7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320362" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5320362" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A21F47A3D824CA81EF5FCB7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7156EC101A21F47A3D824CA81EF5FCB7" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<subSubSection id="B1E50E8D1A21F4793D824CA81EFDFC46" box="[151,699,930,957]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A21F4793D824CA81EFDFC46" blockId="49.[151,699,930,991]" box="[151,699,930,957]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<heading id="A208EA6A1A21F4793D824CA81EFDFC46" bold="true" box="[151,699,930,957]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A21F4793D824CA81EFDFC46" bold="true" box="[151,699,930,957]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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46.
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A21F4793DD64CA91EFDFC46" ID-CoL="758VY" authority="Guenee Cynical Quaker" authorityName="Guenee Cynical Quaker" authorityYear="1852" box="[195,699,930,957]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Orthodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cynica">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A21F4793DD64CA91DC0FC47" bold="true" box="[195,390,931,957]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Orthodes cynica</emphasis>
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Guenée Cynical Quaker
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B1E50E8D1A21F47A3D824CCF1EF5FCB7" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A21F4793D824CCF1DDBFC25" blockId="49.[151,699,930,991]" box="[151,413,965,991]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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(
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<figureCitation id="61C441831A21F4793D8A4CCF1D68FC25" box="[159,302,965,991]" captionStart="FIGURES 81–88" captionStartId="67.[151,269,1675,1699]" captionTargetBox="[284,1307,255,1620]" captionTargetId="figure-187@67.[265,1321,194,1653]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 81–88. Adults. 81, Lacinipolia renigera, f, North Carolina, Haywood Co., Cataloochee, NW of Palmer Chapel, 2650 ft., 19 May 2005, M.G. Pogue, USNMENT 00254492; 82, Lacinipolia teligera, m, Tennessee, Cocke Co., Foothills Parkway, second overlook East, 1800 ft., 21 Sep. 2000, D. &. M. Davis, USNMENT 00153254; 83, Orthodes majuscula, m, North Carolina, Haywood Co, Balsam Mtn. Rd. 6.1 mi N of Jct. Blue Ridge Parkway, on Hemphill Bald Trail, 5125 ft., 8 Oct. 2003, M.G. Pogue, USNMENT 00219202; 84, Orthodes majuscula, f, Tennessee, Sevier Co., Jake’s Creek Trail, below Campsite #27, 3595 ft., 24 July 2004, M.G. Pogue, USNMENT 00147176; 85, Orthodes cynica, m, Maryland, Montgomery Co., Colesville, 6 June 1975, D.C. Ferguson; 86, Orthodes cynica, m, Canada, Nova Scotia, Halifax Co., Halifax Watershed, Bog E of Big Indian Lake, 26 June 1968, D.C. Ferguson; 87, Orthodes cynica, f, New York, Kings Co., Brooklyn, 6 June 1901; 88, Orthodes goodelli, m, North Carolina, Jackson Co., Balsam, 3200 ft., 20 June 1974, D.C. Ferguson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5312404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5312404/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs. 83–85</figureCitation>
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, Map 46)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A21F4793D824B1A1917FB1F" blockId="49.[151,1437,1040,2003]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A21F4793D824B1A1D18FBD0" bold="true" box="[151,350,1040,1066]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Identification:</emphasis>
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Forewing length
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<quantity id="3E07F0E31A21F4793F5D4B1A1E90FBD0" box="[584,726,1040,1066]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="13.0">13–15 mm</quantity>
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. Forewing ground color varies from dark gray to dark ferruginous. Antemedial line is black and slightly scalloped. Orbicular and reniform spots are ground color outlined in white. Postmedial line is black and angled from costa to reniform spot then curves around reniform to posterior margin. A series of distal triangular spots is associated with the postmedial line from reniform to posterior margin. Subterminal line is usually present, is white to pale ferruginous, and separates the darker subterminal area from the lighter terminal area. Hindwing is gray with pale ferruginous to white fringe.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A21F4793DD34BFA1840FAAF" blockId="49.[151,1437,1040,2003]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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Darker specimens have ferruginous antemedial, postmedial, and subterminal lines with no spots associated with the subterminal line. Easily distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A21F4793EBD4A1C180AFAD5" box="[936,1100,1302,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Orthodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="majuscula">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A21F4793EBD4A1C180AFAD5" box="[936,1100,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">O. majuscula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the lack of a black spot between the patagia and the orbicular and reniform spots outlined in white.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A21F4793DD14A6A1FFCFA80" blockId="49.[151,1437,1040,2003]" box="[196,954,1376,1402]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A21F4793DD14A6A1D37FA80" bold="true" box="[196,369,1376,1402]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Flight period:</emphasis>
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Late April to June and August, multiple brooded.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A21F4793DD14A8F1FF8F857" blockId="49.[151,1437,1040,2003]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A21F4793DD14A8F1DF8FA65" bold="true" box="[196,446,1413,1439]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Collected localities:</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A21F4793CD34A8C1EC6FA5A" box="[454,640,1414,1440]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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North
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A21F4793F014A8C1EC6FA5A" authority=": Haywood Co., Balsam Mountain" authorityName="Haywood Co., Balsam Mountain" box="[532,640,1414,1440]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Styracaceae" genus="Halesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carolina">Carolina</taxonomicName>
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</collectingRegion>
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: Haywood Co., Balsam Mountain picnic area on Flat Creek Trail, Cove Creek Road, Purchase Knob, Purchase Knob 1.1 rd. mi from house, Purchase Knob at house, Purchase Knob at lower creek, Purchase Knob NW of house, Purchase Knob on road in meadow, Balsam Mountain Road 6.1 mi north of Blue Ridge Parkway Polls Gap Rough Fork Trail; Swain Co., Beetree Ridge, Big Cove Road site b, Big Cove Road site c, Big Cove Road site p, Big Cove Road site w, 1 road mi north Clingmans Dome, 13.5 mi NE GSMNP entrance on Hwy. 441 Thomas Divide Trail, 15.2 mi NE GSMNP entrance on Hwy. 441 Deep Creek Trail, 8.3 mi NW GSMNP entrance on Hwy. 441 Kephart Prong Trail, Oconaluftee Staff Apartments, 0.1 mi NE Twentymile Ranger Station, 0.2 mi NE Twentymile Ranger Station.
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A21F4793809498119DFF95F" box="[1308,1433,1675,1701]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
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: Blount Co., 0.2 mi SW of Campsite 13 on Wolf Ridge Trail, 0.1 mi west Gregory Bald, Gregory Bald Trail E of Campsite 13, Gregory Bald Trail north of Campsite 13, 0.2 mi NE of Parsons Bald on Wolf Ridge Trail, Parsons Bald, Spence Field, Campsite 6 head of spring Scott Mountain Trail, Tremont; Cocke Co., Cosby 3.6 mi E junction Hwy. 32, Cosby ATBI house, Cosby Campground area, Cosby Campground, Cosby Campground vic. Trailhead, Cosby Ranger Station, Foothills Parkway East, Foothills Parkway 1
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<superScript id="0E8AF04E1A21F479381C484F1952F8A9" attach="left" box="[1289,1300,1861,1875]" fontSize="6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">st</superScript>
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parking lot nr. N Cosby; Sevier Co., Greenbrier Ranger Station, E of Campsite 20, Campsite
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<quantity id="3E07F0E31A21F47939704864188EF872" box="[1125,1224,1902,1928]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.31524864" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mi" value="20.6">20, 6 mi</quantity>
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south Sugarlands Visitor Center,
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<quantity id="3E07F0E31A21F4793C5C48991D38F857" box="[329,382,1939,1965]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1265408" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mi" value="7.0">7 mi</quantity>
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south Sugarland Visitor Center. (
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<specimenCount id="EFF9968F1A21F4793E1048991FF3F857" box="[773,949,1939,1965]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="generic">187 specimens</specimenCount>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A21F4793DD148B21EABF829" blockId="49.[151,1437,1040,2003]" box="[196,749,1976,2003]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A21F4793DD148B21DD5F828" bold="true" box="[196,403,1976,2002]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Elevation range:</emphasis>
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<quantity id="3E07F0E31A21F4793C8E48B31E79F829" box="[411,575,1977,2003]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.115568" metricValueMax="1.816608" metricValueMin="0.41452799999999995" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="ft" value="3660.0" valueMax="5960.0" valueMin="1360.0">1360–5960 ft.</quantity>
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(
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<quantity id="3E07F0E31A21F4793F5A48B31EA2F829" box="[591,740,1977,2003]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.116" metricValueMax="1.8169999999999997" metricValueMin="0.415" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="1116.0" valueMax="1817.0" valueMin="415.0">415–1817 m</quantity>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A22F47A3DD14F9D18FFFF2D" blockId="50.[151,1436,151,327]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A22F47A3DD14F9D1DA6FF4B" bold="true" box="[196,480,151,177]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">General distribution:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="4997575B1A22F47A3CFF4F921FAAFF48" box="[490,1004,152,178]" collectorName="Ranges" country="Canada" location="Nova Scotia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nova Scotia">
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<collectorName id="540A38D01A22F47A3CFF4F921E03FF48" box="[490,581,152,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ranges</collectorName>
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across
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<collectingCountry id="81E81D961A22F47A3FB34F921F45FF48" box="[678,771,152,178]" name="Canada" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Canada</collectingCountry>
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from
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A22F47A3E474F921FAAFF48" box="[850,1004,152,178]" country="Canada" name="Nova Scotia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Nova Scotia</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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to
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A22F47A39024F92188AFF48" box="[1047,1228,152,178]" country="Canada" name="Saskatchewan" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Saskatchewan</collectingRegion>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="4997575B1A22F47A39CC4F921DE1FF2D" collectorName="In" country="United States of America" location="Maine" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
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<collectorName id="540A38D01A22F47A39CC4F9218B4FF48" box="[1241,1266,152,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">In</collectorName>
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the
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<collectingCountry id="81E81D961A22F47A38394F921924FF48" box="[1324,1378,152,178]" name="United States of America" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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it is distributed from
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A22F47A3C494FB71DE1FF2D" box="[348,423,189,215]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Maine</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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to
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A22F47A3CD94FB71E3BFF2D" box="[460,637,189,215]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
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and west to
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A22F47A3E054FB71FF2FF2D" box="[784,948,189,215]" country="United States of America" name="North Dakota" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">North Dakota</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A22F47A3EAA4FB71869FF2D" box="[959,1071,189,215]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Colorado</collectingRegion>
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, and
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A22F47A39784FB718F3FF2D" box="[1133,1205,189,215]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Texas</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A22F47A3DD14FE81D13FEBD" blockId="50.[151,1436,151,327]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A22F47A3DD14FE81D34FF06" bold="true" box="[196,370,226,252]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Larval hosts:</emphasis>
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This is one of the most common species in the Park, but the natural host is unknown. Larvae obtained from eggs were reared on common dandelion (
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A22F47A3E974E021940FED8" authority="F. H. Wigg." authorityName="F. H. Wigg." box="[898,1286,264,290]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinale">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A22F47A3E974E02183DFEDB" box="[898,1147,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Taraxacum officinale</emphasis>
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F.H. Wigg.
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A22F47A38074E0219D2FED8" box="[1298,1428,264,290]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="9D6E20F71A22F47A3D8B4E271D0FFEBD" author="Godfrey, G. L." box="[158,329,301,327]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 265" refId="ref30677" refString="Godfrey, G. L. (1972) A review and reclassification of larvae of the subfamily Hadeninae (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) of American north of Mexico. U. S. Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin, 1450, 1 - 265." type="journal article" year="1972">Godfrey 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A22F47A3D824C3F1EF5FCB7" blockId="50.[151,691,821,845]" box="[151,691,821,845]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A22F47A3D824C3F1CBDFCB7" bold="true" box="[151,251,821,845]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">MAP 47.</emphasis>
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Collecting localities of
|
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A22F47A3CE94C3C1EF5FCB7" box="[508,691,822,845]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A22F47A3CE94C3C1EE9FCB7" authorityName="Guenee Cynical Quaker" authorityYear="1852" box="[508,687,822,845]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Orthodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cynica">Orthodes cynica</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |