211 lines
24 KiB
XML
211 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="B548B74FE5B4532890948651F1536094" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2380.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5312376" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629667743400" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pogue, Michael G." docDate="2010" docId="7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02380p075.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2380 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2380.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Nephelodes minians Bronzed Cutworm Moth" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="8D6F94681A10F4483D154F0A1C46FFFA" masterDocTitle="The Hadeninae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA 2380" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1699092986803" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F9E78A56C65DCA475E334872931B846C">The Hadeninae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA 2380</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DDA555DEDC7FAD08F8377149945C55A1" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="BFD7081215253D77876211C4A62E617E">Pogue, Michael G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="75204DAEC22FC3F53D5670A13D83F956">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CF41A13673EC54B7046953441F73F6D3">
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<mods:date id="EA1D3C616D51D130D97A55FFFA46DBA5">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1035398AEEC353330D9453EF1AB982B3">2010-02-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6EEEA5E10D8CA9EDD1FA8C92B1D44FBF">2380</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="CB7D7F50A7149F038DA4F7EBF2506735">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2380.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="0756620AFF6162B75666EC823CE803F7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2DD93FEBBE9078F84BC7CAD6BFBB7B5D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2380.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="33F1574BF5C36FEEF0B36D2499D94073" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C886E3CDA4DB7257123E4C4BC241FE70" type="Zenodo-Dep">5312376</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320278" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5320278" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="B1E50E8D1A06F45E3D824C05195AFCD3" box="[151,1308,783,809]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A06F45E3D824C05195AFCD3" blockId="22.[151,1308,783,844]" box="[151,1308,783,809]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<heading id="A208EA6A1A06F45E3D824C05195AFCD3" bold="true" box="[151,1308,783,809]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A06F45E3D824C05195AFCD3" bold="true" box="[151,1308,783,809]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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14.
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A06F45E3DD64C051F2BFCD3" ID-CoL="6RWXB" authority="(Guenee) Bronzed Cutworm Moth" authorityName="Bronzed Cutworm Moth" baseAuthorityName="Guenee" box="[195,877,783,809]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nephelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minians">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A06F45E3DD64C051DFEFCD3" bold="true" box="[195,440,783,809]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Nephelodes minians</emphasis>
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(Guenée) Bronzed Cutworm Moth
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</taxonomicName>
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(adult), Bronzed Cutworm (larva)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B1E50E8D1A06F45F3D824C381FF9FE96" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A06F45E3D824C381D20FCB6" blockId="22.[151,1308,783,844]" box="[151,358,818,844]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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(
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<figureCitation id="61C441831A06F45E3D8A4C381CB0FCB6" box="[159,246,818,844]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–32" captionStartId="60.[151,269,1677,1701]" captionTargetBox="[284,1304,248,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-157@60.[265,1321,197,1656]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 25–32. Adults. 25, Orthosia revicta, m, New York, Tompkins Co., Ringwood Reserve near Dryden, 2 May 1965, D.C. Ferguson. 26, Orthosia rubescens, m, Connecticut, New Haven Co., Bethany, 13 Apr. 1968, D.C. Ferguson; 27, Orthosia rubescens, m, New York, Long Island, 11 Apr. 1901; 28, Orthosia rubescens, m, Connecticut, New Haven Co., Bethany, 13 Apr. 1968, D.C. Ferguson; 29, Nephelodes minians, m, Tennessee, Cocke Co., Foothills Parkway, second overlook East, 1800 ft., 21 Sep. 2001, D.R. Davis, USNMENT 00153373; 30, Dargida diffusa, m, New Mexico, Union Co., Clayton, 5.3 mi NW of Hwy. 87 on 370, 5214 ft., 23 Aug. 2004, M.G. Pogue; 31, Dargida diffusa, m, Colorado, Fremont Co., Coaldale, Hayden Creek, 6800 ft., 9 July 1982, D.C. Ferguson; 32, Hadena ectypa, f, Illinois, Cook Co., Chicago, 10 July 1927." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5312386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5312386/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
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, Map 15)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A06F45E3D824C771F00FBA8" blockId="22.[151,1437,893,1482]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A06F45E3D824C771D0CFC6D" bold="true" box="[151,330,893,919]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Identification:</emphasis>
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Forewing length
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<quantity id="3E07F0E31A06F45E3F0F4C771EDAFC6D" box="[538,668,893,919]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="15.0">15–23 mm</quantity>
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. Male antenna with short bipectinations, female antenna filiform. The forewing color varies from reddish brown to dark reddish brown. The antemedial line is a series of slight crescent-shaped lines between the veins that are darker than ground color or can be obscured in darker specimens. A large, median, dark reddish-brown irregular spot surrounds the orbicular and reniform spots, extends from costa to posterior margin with the postmedial line forming the distal margin. Hindwing is dirty white suffused with gray to dark gray and a pinkish fringe.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A06F45E3DD14B571EF3FB8D" blockId="22.[151,1437,893,1482]" box="[196,693,1117,1143]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A06F45E3DD14B571D37FB8D" bold="true" box="[196,369,1117,1143]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Flight period:</emphasis>
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September to mid October.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F9405D061A06F45E3DD14B881947FACE" blockId="22.[151,1437,893,1482]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="CB8B81141A06F45E3DD14B881DF1FB66" bold="true" box="[196,439,1154,1180]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Collected localities:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="4997575B1A06F45E3CAB4B881948FB38" county="Swain Co." location="Big Cove Road" municipality="Big Cove Road" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North Carolina">
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A06F45E3CAB4B881E34FB66" box="[446,626,1154,1180]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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North
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<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A06F45E3F1C4B881E34FB66" authority=": Haywood Co., Purchase Knob, Purchase Knob NW" authorityName="Haywood Co., Purchase Knob, Purchase Knob NW" box="[521,626,1154,1180]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Styracaceae" genus="Halesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carolina">Carolina</taxonomicName>
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</collectingRegion>
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: Haywood Co., Purchase Knob, Purchase Knob NW of house;
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<collectingCounty id="1021258A1A06F45E38464B881C85FB38" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Swain Co.</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="1924C77C1A06F45E3DC44BA21DCFFB38" box="[209,393,1192,1218]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Big Cove Road</collectingMunicipality>
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site b,
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E3CF74BA21EDCFB38" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E3CF74BA21EDCFB38" box="[482,666,1192,1218]" county="Swain Co." municipality="Big Cove Road" name="Big Cove Road" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="North Carolina">Big Cove Road</location>
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site c,
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E3FE74BA21FEDFB38" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E3FE74BA21FEDFB38" box="[754,939,1192,1218]" county="Swain Co." municipality="Big Cove Road" name="Big Cove Road" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="North Carolina">Big Cove Road</location>
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site p,
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E39114BA218FAFB38" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E39114BA218FAFB38" box="[1028,1212,1192,1218]" county="Swain Co." municipality="Big Cove Road" name="Big Cove Road" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="North Carolina">Big Cove Road</location>
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site w
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="4997575B1A06F45E380F4BA21947FACE" collectionCode="ATBI" county="Blount Co." location="Ranger Station" municipality="Cades Cove" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="52" stateProvince="Tennessee">
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A06F45E380F4BA219DFFB38" box="[1306,1433,1192,1218]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingCounty id="1021258A1A06F45E3D824BC71D6FFB1D" box="[151,297,1229,1255]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Blount Co.</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="1924C77C1A06F45E3C2F4BC71D93FB1D" box="[314,469,1229,1255]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cades Cove</collectingMunicipality>
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near
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E3F364BC71EADFB1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E3F364BC71EADFB1D" box="[547,747,1229,1255]" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="Ranger Station" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">Ranger Station</location>
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,
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E3FEE4BC718B6FB1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E3FEE4BC718B6FB1D" box="[763,1264,1229,1255]" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="Cades Cove Primitive Baptist Church" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">Cades Cove Primitive Baptist Church</location>
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,
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E38154BC71D7EFAF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E38154BC71D7EFAF6" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="Cades Cove Campground" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">Cades Cove Campground</location>
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,
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E3C504BF81E81FAF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E3C504BF81E81FAF6" box="[325,711,1266,1292]" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="Tremont Environmental Center" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">Tremont Environmental Center</location>
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;
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E3FC14BF81F11FAF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E3FC14BF81F11FAF6" box="[724,855,1266,1292]" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="Cocke Co." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">Cocke Co.</location>
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,
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E3E734BF81FF5FAF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E3E734BF81FF5FAF6" box="[870,947,1266,1292]" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="Cosby" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">Cosby</location>
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<collectionCode id="9FEEC5C31A06F45E3EA94BF81FB9FAF6" box="[956,1023,1266,1292]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ATBI</collectionCode>
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E391D4BF8181EFAF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E391D4BF8181EFAF6" box="[1032,1112,1266,1292]" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="House" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">House</location>
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,
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E39704BF819D1FAF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E39704BF819D1FAF6" box="[1125,1431,1266,1292]" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="Cosby Campground area" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">Cosby Campground area</location>
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,
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E3D824A101D2AFACE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E3D824A101D2AFACE" box="[151,364,1306,1332]" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="Foothills Parkway" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">Foothills Parkway</location>
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2
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<superScript id="0E8AF04E1A06F45E3C964A121DD5FADC" attach="left" box="[387,403,1304,1318]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">nd</superScript>
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overlook east;
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E3F524A101E83FACE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E3F524A101E83FACE" box="[583,709,1306,1332]" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="Sevier Co." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">Sevier Co.</location>
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,
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E3FC44A101F16FACE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E3FC44A101F16FACE" box="[721,848,1306,1332]" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="Greenbrier" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">Greenbrier</location>
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near
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<location id="FC200BDD1A06F45E3E844A101805FACE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7156EC101A06F45F3D824C051FF9FE96:FC200BDD1A06F45E3E844A101805FACE" box="[913,1091,1306,1332]" county="Blount Co." municipality="Cades Cove" name="Ranger Station" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Tennessee">Ranger Station</location>
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. (
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<specimenCount id="EFF9968F1A06F45E39434A1018BEFACE" box="[1110,1272,1306,1332]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="generic">52 specimens</specimenCount>
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||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="F9405D061A06F45E3DD14A4A1EA0FAA0" blockId="22.[151,1437,893,1482]" box="[196,742,1344,1370]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A06F45E3DD14A4A1DD5FAA0" bold="true" box="[196,403,1344,1370]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Elevation range:</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="3E07F0E31A06F45E3C8E4A4A1E79FAA0" box="[411,575,1344,1370]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.576816" metricValueMax="15.008351999999999" metricValueMin="4.14528" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="ft" value="3142.0" valueMax="4924.0" valueMin="1360.0">1360–4924 ft.</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="3E07F0E31A06F45E3F5A4A4A1E9BFAA0" box="[591,733,1344,1370]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.58" metricValueMax="15.01" metricValueMin="4.15" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="958.0" valueMax="1501.0" valueMin="415.0">415–1501m</quantity>
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||
)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="F9405D061A06F45E3DD14A6F1D5EFA30" blockId="22.[151,1437,893,1482]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A06F45E3DD14A6F1D9EFA85" bold="true" box="[196,472,1381,1407]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">General distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4997575B1A06F45E3CF74A6F1D52FA30" country="Canada" location="British Columbia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="British Columbia">
|
||
A widespread species occurring across
|
||
<collectingCountry id="81E81D961A06F45E3ED04A6F1859FA85" box="[965,1055,1381,1407]" name="Canada" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Canada</collectingCountry>
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||
from Newfoundland to
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<collectingRegion id="3B3B93E41A06F45E385C4A6F1D4DFA5E" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
and in the U.S. from Maine south to North Carolina, Tennessee, Louisiana, and Texas west to the west coast
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F9405D061A06F45E3D8248B11E9DF828" blockId="22.[151,731,1979,2003]" box="[151,731,1979,2003]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A06F45E3D8248B11CBDF829" bold="true" box="[151,251,1979,2003]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">MAP 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Collecting localities of
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A06F45E3CE948B11E9DF828" box="[508,731,1979,2002]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A06F45E3CE948B11E91F828" box="[508,727,1979,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nephelodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minians">Nephelodes minians</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F9405D061A07F45F3DD14F9D1FF9FE96" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,364]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A07F45F3DD14F9D1D36FF4B" bold="true" box="[196,368,151,177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Larval hosts:</emphasis>
|
||
The bronzed cutworm is an occasional pest of lawns, golf roughs, and pastures (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9D6E20F71A07F45F38444F921C91FF2D" author="Potter, D. A." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref30963" refString="Potter, D. A. (1998) Destructive turfgrass insects. Biology, diagnosis, and control. John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, 392 pp." type="book" year="1998">Potter 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Hosts include corn (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F3CF44FB71E15FF2C" box="[481,595,189,214]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A07F45F3CF44FB71E15FF2C" box="[481,595,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Zea mays</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F3F934FB71EAAFF2D" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[646,748,189,215]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), grass (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F3E474FB71FF8FF2D" box="[850,958,189,215]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A07F45F3E474FB71FC4FF2C" box="[850,898,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Poa</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F3ED94FB71875FF2D" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[972,1075,189,215]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), cereal crops, bluegrass (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F38794FB71C8AFF06" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A07F45F38794FB719DAFF2C" box="[1388,1436,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Poa</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F3DCE4FE81D03FF06" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[219,325,226,252]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), timothy (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F3CC54FE81EE7FF01" box="[464,673,226,251]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phleum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pratense">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A07F45F3CC54FE81EE7FF01" box="[464,673,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Phleum pratense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F3FC24FE81F07FF06" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[727,833,226,252]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), clover (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F3EAF4FE8181BFF06" box="[954,1117,226,252]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Trifolium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A07F45F3EAF4FE8186BFF01" box="[954,1069,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Trifolium</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F39794FE818A2FF06" box="[1132,1252,226,252]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and has been reported feeding on the buds and leaves of fruit trees (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9D6E20F71A07F45F3E0E4E021FF3FED8" author="Crumb, E. S." box="[795,949,264,290]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="201 - 207" refId="ref30453" refString="Crumb, E. S. (1926) The bronzed cutworm (Nephelodes emmedonia Cramer) (Lepidoptera). The Canadian Entomologist, 28, 201 - 207." type="journal article" year="1926">Crumb 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9D6E20F71A07F45F3ED74E021805FED8" author="Tietz, H. M." box="[962,1091,264,290]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref31115" refString="Tietz, H. M. (1972) An index to the described life histories, early stages and hosts of the Macrolepidoptera of the continental United States and Canada. Vol. 1. A. C. Allyn, Sarasota, Florida, 536 pp." type="book" year="1972">Tietz 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9D6E20F71A07F45F39454E021898FED8" author="Potter, D. A." box="[1104,1246,264,290]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref30963" refString="Potter, D. A. (1998) Destructive turfgrass insects. Biology, diagnosis, and control. John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, 392 pp." type="book" year="1998">Potter 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). French (1878) reported the bronzed cutworm feeding on corn, grass, and prostrate knotweed (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F39644E27193EFEBC" box="[1137,1400,301,326]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Polygonum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aviculare">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B81141A07F45F39644E27193EFEBC" box="[1137,1400,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Polygonum aviculare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EFF26851A07F45F3D824E581D7DFE96" box="[151,315,338,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in captivity. The larva is illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9D6E20F71A07F45F3E1D4E581FFAFE96" author="Wagner, D. L." box="[776,956,338,364]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref31242" refString="Wagner, D. L. (2005) Caterpillars of Eastern North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 512 pp." type="book" year="2005">Wagner (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |