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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="55905" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e036b25d-83e3-4247-9c3b-41ad2a84b72a" ID-PMC="PMC9043006" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1097-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6593D2730A295F46B63A738B12E43A22" ID-PubMed="35837583" ID-ZooBank="66F17436DF364FFDB2D3021F14D40D62" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1097-1" checkinTime="1650371395093" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Antic, Dragan, Vagalinski, Boyan, Stoev, Pavel &amp; Akkari, Nesrine" docDate="2022" docId="08A1EA2789055BAD97C52E44BAB5BE20" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1097: 1-46" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1097" docPubDate="2022-04-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916" docTitle="Bacillidesmus filiformis" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="6593D2730A295F46B63A738B12E43A22" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="6593D2730A295F46B63A738B12E43A22" masterDocTitle="A review of the cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and the Rhodope Mountains, with descriptions of two new genera and three new species" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732687488807" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="3093ED545C8A4E4E97749C7C0101AEBA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="DB300FE0BEFA99225A4C850274E5469E">
<mods:title id="4315931FAF20BB8B04A24974D2990E0E">A review of the cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and the Rhodope Mountains, with descriptions of two new genera and three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="42AF76AA07A5FEDB207886443B393D2C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8DDD1DBDDED319453D749ACFA5EF3014">Antic, Dragan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0051D8ED19D7265DF182D60FA2E67DF2" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1231-4213</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C0E351D1109132888251B11C243A70EE">University of Belgrade-Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia &amp; Serbian Biospeleological Society, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="168A5F09D8E38961EC87517353FEDAE9" type="email">dragan.antic@bio.bg.ac.rs</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="160C974F5523AAA991E0AE3D22A79864">Vagalinski, Boyan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="896D4E4464636CE73F53F5495BBAD9DF">Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Yurii Gagarin Street, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="365F0C518481BA930579BC29CD525ADD">Stoev, Pavel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C54C1F598A1EED0BC26323159ABFAC21" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5702-5677</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="37D3D3FB14290CC0172A7E3163C082C8">National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd. 1, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria &amp; Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, Bulgaria</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9B4DAA00650E674ACA27E103134FDD87">Akkari, Nesrine</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="30F94D9C8489D32906AB689A33BA5886" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-4833</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="90A9110448B441F04DF84ACAEC705661">3</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9F998A8CDA2B7441E4F76CB2D0685B11">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="48414B3D1A69BD569F8E43C73A0CE789">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C27F3E07C26B9BA828867CD94A09A0FA">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CA00E139C3F2E133D6A6E7C674B296D4">1097</mods:number>
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<treatment id="08A1EA2789055BAD97C52E44BAB5BE20" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194660835" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:08A1EA2789055BAD97C52E44BAB5BE20" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/08A1EA2789055BAD97C52E44BAB5BE20" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Diplopoda" scope_family="Trichopolydesmidae" scope_order="Polydesmida">
<subSubSection id="D9DB871DFB614BEC604BE1085B3FC320" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4E437A8C61BF4800CE7C598236415568" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="5BCE78C504C747227F36AD90BF94C45C" ID-CoL="5VYDW" LSID="08A1EA27-8905-5BAD-97C5-2E44BAB5BE20" authority="(Latzel, 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7AB304EEEF3041B81089101F174CD947" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="9F330B78F394A1FEAFB97D46D65FC7CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="1C5D3B3C84DF42C6D48F8697A76C24CB" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884), type material A paralectotype ♀ (NHMW MY 10266), habitus, lateral view B lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) body rings 8 - 19, dorsal view C lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) head and body rings 1 - 6, dorsal view D paralectotype ♀ (NHMW MY 10266) left leg 4, posterior view E lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) right leg 4, anterior view F lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) right leg 10, posterior view G lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) gonopod, mesal or lateral view. Abbreviations: s solenomere, sph solenophore. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-C), 0.1 mm (D-F), 0.05 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674279" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="07E5126A18B7DC0059E691D7464E41AF" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Gonopods of cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and Rhodopes A-C Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884) lectotype ♂ (NHWM MY 3754) A after Attems (1898) B? left gonopod,? mesal view, after Attems (1940) C? left gonopod,? mesal view, present study D Banatodesmus jeanneli (Tabacaru, 1980) syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Tabacaru (1980) E, F Napocodesmus florentzae Tabacaru, 1975 holotype ♂, right gonopod, mesal and anterior views, respectively, after Tabacaru (1975) G, H Trichopolydesmus eremitis Verhoeff, 1898 ♂ from Closani cave, right gonopod, antero-mesal and mesal views, respectively, after Ceuca (1958) I Balkanodesminus bulgaricus (Strasser, 1962) gen. nov., comb. nov. ♂ from Ponora Cave (NMNHS- 10813), left gonopod, mesal view J Balkanodesminus serbicus gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10263), left gonopod, mesal view K Rhodopodesmus niveus gen. nov. et sp. nov. holotype ♂ (NMNHS- 10823), left gonopod, mesal view L Balkanodesminus dentatus (Strasser, 1966 a) gen. nov., comb. nov., stat. nov. syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Strasser (1966 a) M Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10258), right gonopod, mesal view N Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. ♂ from Sopotska Cave (NHMW MY 10267), left gonopod, mesal view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674295" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 17A-C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9D65E70F4B24F469AC391C0C6FD724D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="77CD4ADDBFCD853C0E862276FF9127CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="B67A04B70114D3D47267F5AF9975E423" authorityName="Latzel" authorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">Brachydesmus filiformis</taxonomicName>
Latzel, 1884: 128, 129.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F7416FD11B5289628570F375DC6E37A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="3712355F6A32B18C73CEB56ACBAD6FFA" baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">Bacillidesmus filiformis</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="38AB0207DBB58278E251CA19CDB04A91" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 482" publicationUrl="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" refId="B4" refString="Attems, C, 1898. System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen, 67: 221 - 482, http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" title="System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" volume="67" year="1898">Attems 1898</bibRefCitation>
: 481, figs 97, 98;
<bibRefCitation id="8F703713083FC26CD6532543A9303835" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 577" refId="B8" refString="Attems, C, 1940. Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae. Das Tierreich 70: 1 - 577, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" title="Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" volume="70" year="1940">Attems 1940</bibRefCitation>
: 170, fig. 244;
<bibRefCitation id="204019ADB3355A92DBB78DA1323CD653" author="Strasser, K" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="437 - 470" refId="B53" refString="Strasser, K, 1962. Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien. Senckenbergiana Biologica 43 (6): 437 - 470" title="Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien." volume="43" year="1962">Strasser 1962</bibRefCitation>
: 443, 444;
<bibRefCitation id="B61864D1B83C795B36B1962E28D486F2" author="Strasser, K" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="325 - 385" refId="B54" refString="Strasser, K, 1966a. Ueber Diplopoden Bulgariens. Annales Zoologici 23 (12): 325 - 385" title="Ueber Diplopoden Bulgariens." volume="23" year="1966 a">Strasser 1966a</bibRefCitation>
: 341-343;
<bibRefCitation id="494F858D0DD52EF7E18714163636E9EC" author="Kime, RD" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B35" refString="Kime, RD, Enghoff, H, 2011. Atlas of European millipedes (Class Diplopoda). Vol. 1. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow" title="Atlas of European millipedes (Class Diplopoda). Vol. 1." year="2011">Kime and Enghoff 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 72.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4850A39E33386EC153C04DD1A01CC5D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8A574768AEC1C5D46984BA359A3FCD64" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E6F87A92B729743A179D8DD46B11055B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">As for the monospecific genus.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4A54F4B16124048909A20D3B8BCAA031" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="635BE1AE921C73E2A1331AE0073A403C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B66313E288247A930E55BFD99E0BB26C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="1F214E601F930907B94795657B6BA205" collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Latzel" country="Ungarn" location="Ungarn" specimenCount="♂" typeStatus="Lectotype">
<emphasis id="F4030014FE628BF162567E9EA25B5E40" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus id="0B9A6725AB4FAB336AB53A2FF6DB8F11">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="18E57796E48BDBDEEA02A795338A2E0C">♂</specimenCount>
(NHWM MY3754), designated herewith, &quot;SO
<collectingCountry id="D310A22E6B0A892984CB5E15ED897F29" name="Hungary">Ungarn</collectingCountry>
&quot;, leg.
<collectorName id="8E639C1C7C24CB4EC592640AA02E9D47">Latzel</collectorName>
, don. Latzel 1919. One microslide with only one gonopod. Body in two pieces in ethanol: head with rings 1-6 and rings 8-19; second gonopod, antennae and ring 7 missing.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="819E22C2A6F68075433A067D20AD4BC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="45E706FED9632966D6096542A886C3FC" collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Latzel" country="Hungary" location="Ungarn" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Paralectotype">
<emphasis id="C7D2540DF503F6F2629F6AD3835A844B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="38F814CD490D5436C83A38325F8E068E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus id="056E11CCE858190F5DB66F9F80356B54">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F7DEB504A7B6DFC598CC3C206534B5E4" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(NHWM MY10266), whole body in ethanol, same data as for lectotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BD1A3D3D567085D1823B8A8B8D1386BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CF08422227E719B476EEB50BB999C0F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="719D18844866535ECFED2D6DBE57ECDA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="24124DCF47C84D53F79FC4F5113F7C7C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="BC3748E81BCCDD7F45A6B89F111A475B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32DF04CAA53049A7B0080255E6CCBCE4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In the original description,
<bibRefCitation id="FBFA39BD0FFCB70EF83CFD44D98B3B91" author="Latzel, R" journalOrPublisher="Alfred Hoelder, Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B36" refString="Latzel, R, 1884. Die Myriopoden der Oesterreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie. Zweite Haelfte. Die Symphylen, Pauropoden und Diplopoden. Alfred Hoelder, Wien" title="Die Myriopoden der Oesterreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie. Zweite Haelfte. Die Symphylen, Pauropoden und Diplopoden." year="1884">Latzel (1884)</bibRefCitation>
stated that he analyzed one pair (1 ♂, 1 ♀) that he had collected personally in
<normalizedToken id="237ADE4A54A1CF689D6C26FFAFED453C" originalValue="“südöstlichen">&quot;suedoestlichen</normalizedToken>
Ungarn&quot; (= southeastern part of the Kingdom of Hungary). Later,
<bibRefCitation id="7904D63EDD39A6E4D46BDF9B3EE23471" author="Strasser, K" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="437 - 470" refId="B53" refString="Strasser, K, 1962. Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien. Senckenbergiana Biologica 43 (6): 437 - 470" title="Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien." volume="43" year="1962">Strasser (1962)</bibRefCitation>
assumed that the species came from &quot;present-day Yugoslavia north of the Danube&quot;. This refers to
<normalizedToken id="17F6E3E730643377F13B79CEC830925C" originalValue="today’s">today's</normalizedToken>
Vojvodina, northern Serbia. However, the southeastern part of the Kingdom of Hungary included both Banat Mountains and Southern Carpathians (= Transylvanian Alps) in present-day Romania. Bearing in mind that this area is already inhabited by three trichopolydesmid genera, it seems more plausible that
<taxonomicName id="45413A60FC3C96702BFFFF9F5E698ABF" baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="71E1DD1923A8BF388686C44DA2A954E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could have originated from present-day Romania, rather than northern Serbia which is characterized mainly by agricultural fields. It also remains unknown if this species is cavernicolous or epigean.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="64DF821E68101B88203AC75D751CA0DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This taxon was originally described as
<taxonomicName id="22E5ABCB8295951DFB2552B0E515343A" authorityName="Latzel" authorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="89953F2717AAC2831A2262BAEE94E606" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachydesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Latzel, 1884.
<bibRefCitation id="6E0E5EED7C57D5F1D8B1E61291181601" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 482" publicationUrl="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" refId="B4" refString="Attems, C, 1898. System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen, 67: 221 - 482, http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" title="System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" volume="67" year="1898">Attems (1898)</bibRefCitation>
analyzed both
<normalizedToken id="828FCA581CE747A8B2C60FEE4FEB5E3F" originalValue="Latzel’s">Latzel's</normalizedToken>
specimens of
<taxonomicName id="A4590BCC51DB0E46764023AD758D0BC0" authorityName="Latzel" authorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="F3AD909AEBE77E77BC1C0A07D78C26E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachydesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and based on numerous differences with the genus
<taxonomicName id="3319E22D23D310DD73ED52383DBD6E58" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1858" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5BEF9983FB9F950E467FE3C1A953D562" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachydesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Heller, 1858, he correctly established a new genus,
<taxonomicName id="330B60380318F8AFA3CB30EEC27E05C6" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5F3451F215265A32C5F25B08FA65F48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. At the same time,
<bibRefCitation id="96A64477204C13336E275E26A7B61219" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 482" publicationUrl="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" refId="B4" refString="Attems, C, 1898. System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen, 67: 221 - 482, http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" title="System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" volume="67" year="1898">Attems (1898)</bibRefCitation>
gave the first gonopod drawing of this taxon (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6CF3196E99EA9F54B49DFC8600919663" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Gonopods of cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and Rhodopes A-C Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884) lectotype ♂ (NHWM MY 3754) A after Attems (1898) B? left gonopod,? mesal view, after Attems (1940) C? left gonopod,? mesal view, present study D Banatodesmus jeanneli (Tabacaru, 1980) syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Tabacaru (1980) E, F Napocodesmus florentzae Tabacaru, 1975 holotype ♂, right gonopod, mesal and anterior views, respectively, after Tabacaru (1975) G, H Trichopolydesmus eremitis Verhoeff, 1898 ♂ from Closani cave, right gonopod, antero-mesal and mesal views, respectively, after Ceuca (1958) I Balkanodesminus bulgaricus (Strasser, 1962) gen. nov., comb. nov. ♂ from Ponora Cave (NMNHS- 10813), left gonopod, mesal view J Balkanodesminus serbicus gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10263), left gonopod, mesal view K Rhodopodesmus niveus gen. nov. et sp. nov. holotype ♂ (NMNHS- 10823), left gonopod, mesal view L Balkanodesminus dentatus (Strasser, 1966 a) gen. nov., comb. nov., stat. nov. syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Strasser (1966 a) M Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10258), right gonopod, mesal view N Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. ♂ from Sopotska Cave (NHMW MY 10267), left gonopod, mesal view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674295" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17A</figureCitation>
). Later, in his famous &quot;
<taxonomicName id="D0FA246FAF13B002DB07DADE91FDF080" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Polydesmoidea">Polydesmoidea</taxonomicName>
III&quot;,
<bibRefCitation id="E62F23CF076A3457BBDDFF806F7CCB9F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 577" refId="B8" refString="Attems, C, 1940. Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae. Das Tierreich 70: 1 - 577, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" title="Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" volume="70" year="1940">Attems (1940)</bibRefCitation>
provided a new drawing of the
<taxonomicName id="5710DF1A20037C06CB253772A07F8A11" authorityName="Latzel" authorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="7D33116581684CBE00B87FDE1FE90394" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachydesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gonopod (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E1EFB5C2AA7557CACD2915475FC0EEB0" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Gonopods of cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and Rhodopes A-C Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884) lectotype ♂ (NHWM MY 3754) A after Attems (1898) B? left gonopod,? mesal view, after Attems (1940) C? left gonopod,? mesal view, present study D Banatodesmus jeanneli (Tabacaru, 1980) syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Tabacaru (1980) E, F Napocodesmus florentzae Tabacaru, 1975 holotype ♂, right gonopod, mesal and anterior views, respectively, after Tabacaru (1975) G, H Trichopolydesmus eremitis Verhoeff, 1898 ♂ from Closani cave, right gonopod, antero-mesal and mesal views, respectively, after Ceuca (1958) I Balkanodesminus bulgaricus (Strasser, 1962) gen. nov., comb. nov. ♂ from Ponora Cave (NMNHS- 10813), left gonopod, mesal view J Balkanodesminus serbicus gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10263), left gonopod, mesal view K Rhodopodesmus niveus gen. nov. et sp. nov. holotype ♂ (NMNHS- 10823), left gonopod, mesal view L Balkanodesminus dentatus (Strasser, 1966 a) gen. nov., comb. nov., stat. nov. syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Strasser (1966 a) M Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10258), right gonopod, mesal view N Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. ♂ from Sopotska Cave (NHMW MY 10267), left gonopod, mesal view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674295" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17B</figureCitation>
), which is slightly different from his 1898 drawing. After studying
<normalizedToken id="4B660278ECCBB0A75E906276557756EC" originalValue="Attems’">Attems'</normalizedToken>
microslide with only one gonopod in poor condition (Figs
<figureCitation id="DDAED695EF5294963A546E70606645A6" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884), type material A paralectotype ♀ (NHMW MY 10266), habitus, lateral view B lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) body rings 8 - 19, dorsal view C lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) head and body rings 1 - 6, dorsal view D paralectotype ♀ (NHMW MY 10266) left leg 4, posterior view E lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) right leg 4, anterior view F lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) right leg 10, posterior view G lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) gonopod, mesal or lateral view. Abbreviations: s solenomere, sph solenophore. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-C), 0.1 mm (D-F), 0.05 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674279" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A325835BE0DB33A2DCF7A551172493FD" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Gonopods of cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and Rhodopes A-C Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884) lectotype ♂ (NHWM MY 3754) A after Attems (1898) B? left gonopod,? mesal view, after Attems (1940) C? left gonopod,? mesal view, present study D Banatodesmus jeanneli (Tabacaru, 1980) syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Tabacaru (1980) E, F Napocodesmus florentzae Tabacaru, 1975 holotype ♂, right gonopod, mesal and anterior views, respectively, after Tabacaru (1975) G, H Trichopolydesmus eremitis Verhoeff, 1898 ♂ from Closani cave, right gonopod, antero-mesal and mesal views, respectively, after Ceuca (1958) I Balkanodesminus bulgaricus (Strasser, 1962) gen. nov., comb. nov. ♂ from Ponora Cave (NMNHS- 10813), left gonopod, mesal view J Balkanodesminus serbicus gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10263), left gonopod, mesal view K Rhodopodesmus niveus gen. nov. et sp. nov. holotype ♂ (NMNHS- 10823), left gonopod, mesal view L Balkanodesminus dentatus (Strasser, 1966 a) gen. nov., comb. nov., stat. nov. syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Strasser (1966 a) M Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10258), right gonopod, mesal view N Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. ♂ from Sopotska Cave (NHMW MY 10267), left gonopod, mesal view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674295" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17C</figureCitation>
) we can confirm that it coincides a bit more with his schematic drawing from 1940. Unfortunately, the second gonopod, as well as ring 7 and both antennae of the lectotype, are most likely lost. It remains unclear whether Attems could have used the now-lost gonopod for the first drawing, or in both cases he used this one, which is still present today, but over time there have been partial changes in its position on the microslide or a partial deformation. Given that
<bibRefCitation id="0556D6EB4AF8628A5E0B8F9DB79FCD95" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 482" publicationUrl="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" refId="B4" refString="Attems, C, 1898. System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen, 67: 221 - 482, http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" title="System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" volume="67" year="1898">Attems (1898)</bibRefCitation>
also made a drawing of the antenna, which is missing today, it is very possible that there was another microslide with the second gonopod and antenna/antennae, which we failed to find. However, based on
<bibRefCitation id="970C457EA13224872CF82C59B4C99C9A" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 482" publicationUrl="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" refId="B4" refString="Attems, C, 1898. System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen, 67: 221 - 482, http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" title="System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" volume="67" year="1898">
<normalizedToken id="2FE52F08CFCC7314AD42DC7CDB910F06" originalValue="Attems’">Attems'</normalizedToken>
(1898
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="06FF33DBA1B3CDE99A64EFD33AA7D0BB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 577" refId="B8" refString="Attems, C, 1940. Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae. Das Tierreich 70: 1 - 577, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" title="Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" volume="70" year="1940">1940</bibRefCitation>
) drawings and the newly examined type material of the gonopod, some conclusions could be drawn here.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D103C7C740ABA50C2C59DF0CE9567800" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="0B883FBED347996B59D635C9F50959A6" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DD3BB0315E9C39A91A736E2CB2653C27" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had remained monospecific until
<bibRefCitation id="7010D57AA64A7FC91D6637857142F32F" author="Strasser, K" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="437 - 470" refId="B53" refString="Strasser, K, 1962. Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien. Senckenbergiana Biologica 43 (6): 437 - 470" title="Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien." volume="43" year="1962">Strasser (1962)</bibRefCitation>
provisionally included therein a new taxon from Bulgaria, based on a single female. Just a few years later, and this time with males in the hands,
<bibRefCitation id="D1768CF40C39080327A6C3A8EA333F82" author="Strasser, K" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="325 - 385" refId="B54" refString="Strasser, K, 1966a. Ueber Diplopoden Bulgariens. Annales Zoologici 23 (12): 325 - 385" title="Ueber Diplopoden Bulgariens." volume="23" year="1966 a">Strasser (1966a)</bibRefCitation>
confirmed that two more taxa belonged to the genus
<taxonomicName id="AEBDB6F3037AC19ADB7D37B3AB8A63B3" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="48FBCEC184E8709499328B78D37F5CFE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, viz.,
<taxonomicName id="600F93D912E2520CB657C986F8CC04FE" authority="bulgaricus" lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. bulgaricus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="bulgaricus">
<emphasis id="2C6BBB06C300D0E0DA4FC4CC484C60DF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus bulgaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Strasser, 1962 and
<taxonomicName id="C617C8F896349873355FF2536C785E24" lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. dentatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="dentatus">
<emphasis id="99F9545701A2370991851867B8DCEC99" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Strasser, 1966a. However, after a detailed examination of the type material of
<taxonomicName id="B5D1C0619F086C7D92634AC3D72E768D" baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="4907CF228EDA353431B60F3E35B5F639" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as well as material of
<taxonomicName id="ADEC82B6410738221F4591C747D09111" authority="bulgaricus" lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. bulgaricus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="bulgaricus">
<emphasis id="57FDE8D87982A223E72F42D4A2BAD0B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus bulgaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9A03FA8645CBFABCAFAA2F0F00063107" lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. dentatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="dentatus">
<emphasis id="E3060EB3028990F96B5262298C9C90EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and two related new species from Serbia and Bulgaria, we believe that
<taxonomicName id="32B3555FD959E5E90891ABEB0F0275C0" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D0996EE264E814DC0C192571E9C2BD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should include only
<taxonomicName id="EE096D2832C86656DBAACC1466278FD7" authorityName="Latzel" authorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="7A40AA26E89A7ABDC64F83E0314B17D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachydesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while the remaining aforementioned taxa should be assigned to a new genus,
<taxonomicName id="D76877E285BC417DDE9D79A1A8D71139" authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6E7BE6FFD9C53B944A085724F4B75D16" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov., which we describe below. The new genus differs significantly from
<taxonomicName id="8CDF102A77BCCDFA5AAE99CAF4B32CC3" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4930C0A05438BAD92F29DF7C872629D3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
both in somatic and gonopodal characters. The most striking difference in the gonopod structure is that in
<taxonomicName id="11D52BB5D31A096CCB5A9C54E45F3AF6" baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="1A2FDB26E914BB0EC2C35F70100693EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the solenomeral branch is simple, without a distal solenomeral process, while in
<emphasis id="6C0E654F40F24BCAFFCD222E794FC9DF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="88EEE741A0E1FADEE81B264AF8525E2C" authorityName="Strasser" authorityYear="1962" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus bulgaricus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulgaricus">Bacillidesmus bulgaricus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC674A254C3C85DF6372332F58C4A6" authorityName="Strasser" authorityYear="1962" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus bulgaricus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulgaricus">Bacillidesmus bulgaricus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="9B9D8A4932F5FF9E440C08105F395EDE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="C0E5A6DD3517A869030056169E332AFB" authorityName="Strasser" authorityYear="1962" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus bulgaricus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulgaricus">Bacillidesmus bulgaricus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="AD0396595B6D199ABF3B5D8BA8B148A8" authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus dentatus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">Bacillidesmus dentatus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and the two new species it is transversely bifid. In addition, these two genera differ significantly in several somatic traits:
<taxonomicName id="3E0CD84EC75C17078621F2CECDFC3095" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4BF94C3ED7AF9E67F90F2AD9867C3656" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has regular rows of metatergal setae, mainly four, whereas
<taxonomicName id="1954FE335C1A482BA371DA11AF2A0807" authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5A0F78CC0362B910618EDCDDA33A3C63" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. shows 4-8 irregular rows; sensilla basiconica on antennomere 6: completely enclosed inside the pit in
<taxonomicName id="44FDE843F5CCC3D3D8616813E12FFFDB" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BECB15A60B96E729FD1C95B47C7F3581" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, vs. partially exposed outside the pit in
<taxonomicName id="0A06DB5E3F76AE7C22BB9A425AC48E9E" authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="005B98CAE3836D4ECC2FE008A95B306F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov.; setae on paraprocts: 2+2 long setae in
<taxonomicName id="ADC8BF3596AF09CF51B8D6483575DD8A" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4AA2F0E8C36161E61577EC08192E06A6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, vs. 2+2 long and ca. 10+10 shorter ones in
<taxonomicName id="5BB75310DEFB4D160AE5BDC0AF519219" authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1DD2024452AA916AE748E780ADD8D5EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov.; setae on hypoproct: 1+1 long distal setae in
<taxonomicName id="EEE4BC2A98F12B9798EB7E973EE1CB52" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5E81F78AC25D52A276A7CF51893ED0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, vs. densely setose, including two long distal setae in
<taxonomicName id="537F93F23A9C449CC26506ED5FAF35F2" authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="216D95CD71740B8401A8A5AA1BF87607" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov.; femora of all male legs swollen in
<taxonomicName id="3DD558EE6DC72F4B0021C37698E1F4EF" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5B58D90123160EFFB6BD72EE0917FABE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, vs. only femora of legs 1-3 swollen in
<taxonomicName id="3187B9127818A2983B66279F92CF0E17" authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="10F626B5E8FCCFD0B67F43287893CAA5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov.; anterior male legs in
<taxonomicName id="48F498C6A8345FF2C61C2F04DB8414AA" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AA1F9DCEE733119E9168FF72E4224B10" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with ventral denticles, vs. denticles absent in
<taxonomicName id="DA22FDE8325A057B7FFD4FF53D8EEE36" authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EF43C28A213B45A9A6D17EC4DFFD555E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. These diferences are sound enough to propose a new genus for the taxa described by Strasser (
<taxonomicName id="FB97228C6E1102E21520F714479FC829" authority="bulgaricus" lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. bulgaricus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="bulgaricus">
<emphasis id="E5EE3C1ECE0B879D868603F04708F8C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus bulgaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0602CB5F028FFAAE876EAAC3434EFB09" lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. dentatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="dentatus">
<emphasis id="9B947F05399A10B799921B45F422C405" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the two newly described species. Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="56DA62B9B5070C7D83F1ACA587CC22F7" baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="FC76241981B76E2E284A556ADD2C5ADF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to show more affinity to some of the Carpathian genera (which is another proof that this genus could be from the Carpathians, see under
<taxonomicName id="DE5D5978D213A837F815B6FA49B2BAE3" authorityName="Tabacaru" authorityYear="1980" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Banatodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Banatodesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FB6E96D6F54A75952BAA4238D3749BC5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Banatodesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5C9A7CD662E00C270359F49590003D67" authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Trichopolydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichopolydesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB4AB9FA99A2120CAFCBBC7D1369311A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trichopolydesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), while
<taxonomicName id="5874862268440B19EAC63F69DE29E5FA" authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F7CED29688CFCF56C559CA2968200E61" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov., from the Balkan Mountains, shares many similarities with
<taxonomicName id="B8047F369E2005113136980BED7A3989" authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Rhodopodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhodopodesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FFD73F5CD8161A462534AB4A24119E55" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhodopodesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. (see below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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