287 lines
36 KiB
XML
287 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="F7EF6B829DA5DE214AADC4A1BAEC111D" ID-CLB-Dataset="26219" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4635.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="de5c3cc9-9773-4e79-aaaf-0e964d7262f8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3335102" ID-ZooBank="E1AC3BD4-6FCB-49F9-8069-624760C2CAF7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1563173856474" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Abdalla, Ishtiag H., Mansell, Mervyn W. & Sole, Catherine L." docDate="2019" docId="03DBDF51A76BFF84FF0DFB64361C5D24" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4635.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4635 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Afroptera maraisi Abdalla & Mansell & Sole 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="BABFDF51-7447-4A1B-95AC-56F3A7991DD5" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FFE2A729A759FFB0FF9AFF8534795F47" masterDocTitle="Revision of the southern African genera Nemopterella Banks and Nemia Navás (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae), with descriptions of new genera and species" masterLastPageNumber="89" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1698741232922" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="382D9EA0A8A29C6E99CCC69343C4D3E6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5EDA752CFF0C6A866731135878C4ACFC">
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<mods:title id="E0DD4406EDC0A77D81F23AFF04BC560A">Revision of the southern African genera Nemopterella Banks and Nemia Navás (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae), with descriptions of new genera and species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="753191784D3EE4262B53DD0FF0FA0E0B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="6A92FFF5859F8FC2A9F9DCBD88BD9C9E">Abdalla, Ishtiag H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="80ED52FD9115E38B41277262ACF5AB10">Mansell, Mervyn W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="A55C35D8C8E03EE6473AD1BC26F5F6C4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="99FB21115A6DBB9EFC40DF09CBABC747">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FE5466F075167C9A7D04EE47FD849D0E">Sole, Catherine L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C847841D8F49ADF2955DE54C8D118010">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="888664D10C7A54C86704B74469ECD74C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5D5C501C7E46DE33162B9FF3B78D2191">
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<mods:date id="7456E99D073051C2D3F74D81770DB83B">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AE44CF97CCB40435E046550AB04005D6">2019-07-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3498E1893DEAAEC753D9F0E848B6EB1D">4635</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="28CB8A80488F55AA2116357C34EAA314">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="54566F2807F4AB53D130058F28A8FA10" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4635.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DBDF51A76BFF84FF0DFB64361C5D24" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7853341" ID-GBIF-Taxon="158628699" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7853341" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BABFDF51-7447-4A1B-95AC-56F3A7991DD5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DBDF51A76BFF84FF0DFB64361C5D24" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA76BFF82FF0DFB6436B15BBC" box="[151,712,1249,1275]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76BFF82FF0DFB6436B15BBC" blockId="50.[151,983,1249,1347]" box="[151,712,1249,1275]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<heading id="D085D92BA76BFF82FF0DFB6436B15BBC" bold="true" box="[151,712,1249,1275]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FF0DFB6436B15BBC" bold="true" box="[151,712,1249,1275]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A76BFF82FF0DFB64361B5BBC" authority="Abdalla & Mansell" authorityName="Abdalla & Mansell & Sole" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,610,1249,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maraisi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FF0DFB6435165BBC" bold="true" box="[151,367,1249,1275]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Afroptera maraisi</emphasis>
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Abdalla & Mansell
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2350F2EA76BFF82FDF0FB6436B15BBC" box="[618,712,1249,1275]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA76BFF82FF0DFA8037AE5A04" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76BFF82FF0DFA8035B85A58" blockId="50.[151,983,1249,1347]" box="[151,449,1284,1311]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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(
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<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FF05FA80348F5A58" box="[159,246,1284,1311]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–53" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1374,1399]" captionTargetBox="[251,1338,529,1341]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[249,1338,528,1342]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 50–53. Thorax of Afroptera spp. 50, A. cylindrata sp. nov; 51, A. brinkmani sp. nov; 52, A. koranna sp. nov.; 53, A. maraisi sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335138/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs 53</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FE98FA8035595A58" box="[258,288,1285,1311]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–66" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1562,1587]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,237,1500]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[227,1361,227,1505]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 56–66.Antennae of Afroptera spp. 56, A. acuta sp. nov.; 57, A. alba sp. nov.; 58, A. koranna sp. nov.; 59, A. folia sp. nov.; 60, A. cylindrata sp. nov.; 61, A. balli sp. nov.; 62, A. maraisi sp. nov.; 63, A. apicalis (Tjeder); 64, A. bitis (Tjeder); 65, A. aequabilis (Tjeder); 66, A. brinkmani sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335142/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">62</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FEB6FA8135335A58" box="[300,330,1284,1311]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–86" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1747,1772]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,200,1699]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[227,1361,200,1699]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 79–86. Afroptera spp. Forewings of the males. 79, A. acuta sp. nov.; 80, A. alba sp. nov.; 81, A. koranna sp. nov.; 82, A. balli sp. nov.; 83, A. cylindrata sp. nov.; 84, A. brinkmani sp. nov.; 85, A. maraisi sp. nov.; 86, A. folia sp. nov. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335146/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">85</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FECCFA8035FB5A58" box="[342,386,1285,1311]" captionStart="FIGURE 106" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1742,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[340,1247,558,1714]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 106. Afroptera maraisi sp. nov., male habitus. Forewing length = 22.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407677/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">106</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FE14FA8135C05A58" box="[398,441,1284,1311]" captionStart="FIGURES 153–154" captionStartId="71.[151,264,1983,2008]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,179,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@71.[174,1414,179,1955]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURES 153–154. Distribution maps of Afroptera spp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335180/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">154</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76BFF82FF0DFAAD37AE5A04" blockId="50.[151,983,1249,1347]" box="[151,983,1320,1347]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<uri id="FFE36245A76BFF82FF0DFAAD37AE5A04" box="[151,983,1320,1347]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFD45492A76BFF82FE30FAAD37AE5A04" box="[426,983,1320,1347]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">BABFDF51-7447-4A1B-95AC-56F3A7991DD5</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA76BFF82FF0DFAF436795A94" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76BFF82FF0DFAF436795A94" blockId="50.[151,1437,1393,2032]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FF0DFAF435615ACC" bold="true" box="[151,280,1393,1419]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Etymology</emphasis>
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. This species is named for Andre P. Marais (
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<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A76BFF82FC80FAF4372C5ACC" box="[794,853,1393,1419]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cape</collectingRegion>
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Town) for his systematic surveys of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A76BFF82FB64FAF431E45ACC" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" box="[1278,1437,1393,1419]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nemopteridae</taxonomicName>
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that contributed significantly to this project, and to our knowledge of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A76BFF82FC4CFA13302D5AF7" box="[982,1108,1430,1456]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Neuroptera</taxonomicName>
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of the Western and
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<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A76BFF82FAADFA1034A85A94" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
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provinces of
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<collectingCountry id="F3652ED7A76BFF82FEF0FA3C35855A94" box="[362,508,1465,1491]" name="South Africa" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA76BFF82FF5DFA583550595C" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76BFF82FF5DFA583550595C" blockId="50.[151,1437,1393,2032]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA76BFF82FF5DFA58355D595C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830175" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.650555" location="Prieska District" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="22.738611" municipality="Stofbakkies Farm" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FF5DFA5835175AB0" bold="true" box="[199,366,1500,1527]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A76BFF82FF5DFA58357B5AB0" box="[199,258,1501,1527]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F3652ED7A76BFF82FEE7FA58366F5AB0" box="[381,534,1501,1527]" name="South Africa" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FDB3FA58372D5AB0" box="[553,852,1501,1527]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A76BFF82FDB3FA5837295AB0" box="[553,848,1501,1527]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Northern Cape Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BA9F43DA76BFF82FCF9FA58304C5ABF" box="[867,1077,1501,1528]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Stofbakkies Farm</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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<location id="8EAD389CA76BFF82FBD2FA5831795AB0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DBDF51A76BFF84FF0DFB64361C5D24:8EAD389CA76BFF82FBD2FA5831795AB0" box="[1096,1280,1501,1527]" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.650555" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="22.738611" municipality="Stofbakkies Farm" name="Prieska District" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Prieska District</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A76BFF82FA8EFA5831E55AB0" box="[1300,1436,1501,1527]" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-29.650555">29°39’02’’S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A76BFF82FF0DF984355D595C" box="[151,292,1537,1563]" degrees="22" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="15" seconds="19" value="22.738611">22°44’19’’E</geoCoordinate>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA76BFF82FF5DF9A135CD5988" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76BFF82FF5DF9A135CD5988" blockId="50.[151,1437,1393,2032]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FF5DF9A1353B5978" bold="true" box="[199,322,1572,1599]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A small species that resembles
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<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A76BFF82FD3AF9A0374A5978" authorityName="Abdalla & Mansell & Sole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Tjeder" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[672,819,1573,1599]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequabilis">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FD3AF9A0374A5978" box="[672,819,1573,1599]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A. aequabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having a similar body size and appearance, but it can be separated by the elongate forewings that taper apically and end in an acute apex (
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<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FBDAF9CC30EA5924" box="[1088,1171,1608,1635]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–86" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1747,1772]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,200,1699]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[227,1361,200,1699]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 79–86. Afroptera spp. Forewings of the males. 79, A. acuta sp. nov.; 80, A. alba sp. nov.; 81, A. koranna sp. nov.; 82, A. balli sp. nov.; 83, A. cylindrata sp. nov.; 84, A. brinkmani sp. nov.; 85, A. maraisi sp. nov.; 86, A. folia sp. nov. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335146/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
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), while in
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<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A76BFF82FA93F9CC31E45924" authorityName="Abdalla & Mansell & Sole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Tjeder" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1289,1437,1609,1635]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequabilis">
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||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FA93F9CC31E45924" box="[1289,1437,1609,1635]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A. aequabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the forewings are broad and end in a narrow rounded apex (
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<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FCA7F9E837E659C0" box="[829,927,1645,1671]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–122" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1518,1543]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,219,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[227,1361,219,1470]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 115–122. Afroptera spp. Male forewings. 115, A. longicornis (Tjeder); 116, A. munroi (Tjeder); 117, A. aequabilis (Tjeder); 118, A. sabuleti (Tjeder); 119, A. olivacea (Tjeder); 120, A. apicalis (Tjeder); 121, A. pruinosa (Tjeder); 122, A. nigrosetosa (Tjeder). Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335160/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 117</figureCitation>
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). It also differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A76BFF82FB0AF9E8315C59C0" authorityName="Abdalla & Mansell & Sole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Tjeder" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1168,1317,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequabilis">
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||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FB0AF9E8315C59C0" box="[1168,1317,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A. aequabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having long antennae that reach beyond the pterostigma (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FD57F914375959EC" box="[717,800,1680,1707]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–86" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1747,1772]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,200,1699]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[227,1361,200,1699]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 79–86. Afroptera spp. Forewings of the males. 79, A. acuta sp. nov.; 80, A. alba sp. nov.; 81, A. koranna sp. nov.; 82, A. balli sp. nov.; 83, A. cylindrata sp. nov.; 84, A. brinkmani sp. nov.; 85, A. maraisi sp. nov.; 86, A. folia sp. nov. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335146/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FCB7F914372259EB" box="[813,859,1681,1708]" captionStart="FIGURE 106" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1742,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[340,1247,558,1714]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 106. Afroptera maraisi sp. nov., male habitus. Forewing length = 22.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407677/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">106</figureCitation>
|
||
); while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A76BFF82FC4EF914301359EC" authorityName="Abdalla & Mansell & Sole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Tjeder" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[980,1130,1681,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FC4EF914301359EC" box="[980,1130,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A. aequabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the antennae are short, not reaching the pterostigma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA76BFF84FF5DF95D317A5ECC" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76BFF82FF5DF95D34B5587C" blockId="50.[151,1437,1393,2032]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FF5DF95D352059B4" bold="true" box="[199,345,1752,1779]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FEC5F95C35F559B4" box="[351,396,1753,1779]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Size</emphasis>
|
||
(mm). Male: body length 9.7 (9–10.2); forewing 23 (22.4–23.3); hind wing 48.0 (47.6–50.6); antenna 18.9 (16–20.4).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A76BFF82FE30F978366B5850" box="[426,530,1789,1815]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D74A5CEA76BFF82FD80F97B3656585F" box="[538,559,1790,1816]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FDA5F97836DB585F" box="[575,674,1789,1816]" captionStart="FIGURE 106" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1742,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[340,1247,558,1714]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 106. Afroptera maraisi sp. nov., male habitus. Forewing length = 22.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407677/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 106</figureCitation>
|
||
); Body length 8.4; forewing 22.8; hind wing 47.9; antenna 19.7. (N = 3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76BFF82FF5DF8C0348758B7" blockId="50.[151,1437,1393,2032]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76BFF82FF5DF8C0357D5818" box="[199,260,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Frons, clypeus yellow. Vertex brown with two yellow areas laterally at hind margin and two ill-defined lateral yellow spots on each side near eye margins. Antennae long, reaching pterostigma, scape yellowish brown, pedicel yellow, proximal portion yellowish brown with scattered short setae, dark brown distally with long black setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FF44F8343538588B" box="[222,321,1969,1996]" captionStart="FIGURE 106" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1742,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[340,1247,558,1714]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 106. Afroptera maraisi sp. nov., male habitus. Forewing length = 22.8 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407677/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 106</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apical segment mostly membranous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134972C2A76BFF82FD66F8343729588B" box="[764,848,1969,1996]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–66" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1562,1587]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,237,1500]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[227,1361,227,1505]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 56–66.Antennae of Afroptera spp. 56, A. acuta sp. nov.; 57, A. alba sp. nov.; 58, A. koranna sp. nov.; 59, A. folia sp. nov.; 60, A. cylindrata sp. nov.; 61, A. balli sp. nov.; 62, A. maraisi sp. nov.; 63, A. apicalis (Tjeder); 64, A. bitis (Tjeder); 65, A. aequabilis (Tjeder); 66, A. brinkmani sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335142/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eyes large with diameter approximaly same length as genae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76AFF83FF5DFF1C36E35D5C" blockId="51.[151,1437,152,539]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76AFF83FF5DFF1C35615FF4" box="[199,280,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Greyish, pruinose (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134972C2A76AFF83FE65FF1C362D5FF4" box="[511,596,152,179]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–53" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1374,1399]" captionTargetBox="[251,1338,529,1341]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[249,1338,528,1342]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 50–53. Thorax of Afroptera spp. 50, A. cylindrata sp. nov; 51, A. brinkmani sp. nov; 52, A. koranna sp. nov.; 53, A. maraisi sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335138/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotum with ill-defined stripes with only midstripe that is traceable as brownish grey shading posteriorly, while the lateral stripes form two lateral brown transverse spots. Pronotal margins with erect long black hairs intermixed with some long, soft white hairs; soft, white hairs situated behind black hairs on fore margin. Distal anterior lateral margins with very long black hairs admixed with white hairs, long, soft white hairs also present on disc. Midstripe on prescutum appears as light brown shading but indistinct on mesoscutellum. Stiff long black hairs present on anterior lateral portions of prescutum admixed with white long hairs. Long sparse black hairs present on disc, with long soft white hairs along lateral margins of prescutum. Mesoscutum with faint brown lateral stripes. Short white hairs on disc, two lateral long tufts of white hairs at each side. Mesoscutellum with scattered short white hairs over whole disc and two groups of long white hair at each side. Metanotum with very long white hairs laterally on hind margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76AFF83FD32FE5B36A45EB0" box="[680,733,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
yellow, with short setae. Femoral and tibial apices tinged dark brown, fore coxae with black and white setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0D3ECFA76AFF83FF0DF94B378459A1" box="[151,1021,1742,1767]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407677/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[340,1247,558,1714]" targetPageId="51">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76AFF83FF0DF94B378459A1" blockId="51.[151,1021,1742,1767]" box="[151,1021,1742,1767]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76AFF83FF0DF94B355459A0" bold="true" box="[151,301,1742,1767]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 106.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A76AFF83FEA9F94B359159A1" authority="Abdalla & Mansell & Sole, 2019" authorityName="Abdalla & Mansell & Sole" authorityYear="2019" box="[307,488,1742,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maraisi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76AFF83FEA9F94B359159A1" box="[307,488,1742,1766]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Afroptera maraisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2350F2EA76AFF83FE74F94A364659A0" box="[494,575,1743,1767]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76AFF83FE74F94A364659A0" bold="true" box="[494,575,1743,1767]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male habitus. Forewing length = 22.8 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76AFF84FF5DF893356A5FBC" blockId="51.[151,1437,1812,2019]" lastBlockId="52.[151,1437,153,611]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76AFF83FF5DF89335475868" box="[199,318,1814,1839]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Forewings</emphasis>
|
||
. Appearing elongate, tapering towards apex, weakly emarginated before acute apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134972C2A76AFF83FAACF89031F65868" box="[1334,1423,1812,1839]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–86" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1747,1772]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,200,1699]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[227,1361,200,1699]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 79–86. Afroptera spp. Forewings of the males. 79, A. acuta sp. nov.; 80, A. alba sp. nov.; 81, A. koranna sp. nov.; 82, A. balli sp. nov.; 83, A. cylindrata sp. nov.; 84, A. brinkmani sp. nov.; 85, A. maraisi sp. nov.; 86, A. folia sp. nov. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335146/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pterostigma dark brown, broad at base, long but not reaching C. Costal cells before and beyond pterostigma slightly tinged brown. Venation dark brown.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A76AFF83FDA2F8D836015830" box="[568,632,1885,1911]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
whitish but appearing blackish due to dense black setae. Subcosta and R light brown. Proximal Cx shaded brown. Costal cells increase gradually in size towards pterostigma.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A76AFF83FAAEF80431E558DC" box="[1332,1436,1921,1947]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with 18 Cx before pterostigma in right wing,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8AC3A2A76AFF83FD17F82036BC58F8" box="[653,709,1957,1983]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.334" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="in" value="21.0">21 in</quantity>
|
||
left. Ten crossveins between R and M before origin of Rs in right wing,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8AC3A2A76AFF83FF47F84C356C58A4" box="[221,277,1993,2019]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
|
||
left. Eight radial crossveins before pterostigma in right wing,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8AC3A2A76AFF83FC54F84C307E58A4" box="[974,1031,1993,2019]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
|
||
left.
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76AFF83FBDBF84C30B858A4" box="[1089,1217,1993,2019]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Hind wings</emphasis>
|
||
pale creamy white. Proximal portion appears brown. Longitudinal veins pale creamy white, while crossveins appear much darker. Median portion before dark area white, longitudinal veins and crossveins white, dark area dark brown, shorter than white area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76DFF84FF5DFE8037075E20" blockId="52.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76DFF84FF5DFE8035485E58" box="[199,305,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Yellowish brown, tergites with yellowish hind margins. Longitudinal midstripe dark brown. Pleurites pruinose, tergites with dense, long white setae. Venter light reddish yellow, pruinose, with long white hairs but shorter than on tergites. Apex yellow with dense, long black setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76DFF84FF5DFEF7317A5ECC" blockId="52.[151,1437,153,611]" box="[199,1283,369,395]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76DFF84FF5DFEF735565ECC" box="[199,303,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
. Some males have a few black hairs intermingled with the white hairs on the abdomen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA76DFF84FF5DFE1035EE5EB0" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76DFF84FF5DFE1035EE5EB0" blockId="52.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76DFF84FF5DFE10358D5EE8" bold="true" box="[199,500,404,431]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Type material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA76DFF84FE67FE1031565EE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830199" box="[509,1327,404,431]" collectionCode="NEUR" country="South Africa" location="Northern Cape Province" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="NEUR12582" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652ED7A76DFF84FE67FE1036B55EE8" box="[509,716,405,431]" name="South Africa" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A76DFF84FD43FE10378B5EE8" box="[729,1010,405,431]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76DFF84FD43FE10378B5EE8" box="[729,1010,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Northern Cape Province</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A76DFF84FB98FE1030135EE8" box="[1026,1130,405,431]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D74A5CEA76DFF84FBEEFE1030F25EE8" box="[1140,1163,405,431]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD4C63CA76DFF84FB03FE1131565EE8" box="[1177,1327,404,431]" collectionCode="NEUR" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">NEUR12582</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA76DFF84FAA6FE1030425E94" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830208" collectingDate="2010-09-30" collectorName="A. P. Marais" country="South Africa" elevation="938" latitude="-29.650555" location="Prieska Dist." longLatPrecision="20" longitude="22.738611" municipality="Farm" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
Stofbak- kies
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA9F43DA76DFF84FF54FE3C35755E94" box="[206,268,441,467]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Farm</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAD389CA76DFF84FE80FE3C35D45E94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DBDF51A76BFF84FF0DFB64361C5D24:8EAD389CA76DFF84FE80FE3C35D45E94" box="[282,429,441,467]" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.650555" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="22.738611" municipality="Farm" name="Prieska Dist." pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Prieska Dist.</location>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A76DFF84FE2CFE3C36475E94" box="[438,574,441,467]" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-29.650555">29°39’02’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A76DFF84FDD2FE3C36AC5E94" box="[584,725,441,467]" degrees="22" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="15" seconds="19" value="22.738611">22°44’19’’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="005F8974A76DFF84FD79FE3C375F5E94" box="[739,806,441,467]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.379999999999999" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="938.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4C8AC3A2A76DFF84FD79FE3C375F5E94" box="[739,806,441,467]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.379999999999999" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="938.0">938m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF88B16FA76DFF84FCAEFE3C37D75E94" box="[820,942,441,467]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2010-09-30">
|
||
<date id="FFCC4887A76DFF84FCAEFE3C37D75E94" box="[820,942,441,467]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2010-09-30">30.ix.2010</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26870B91A76DFF84FC21FE3C30425E94" box="[955,1083,441,467]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">A.P.Marais</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA76DFF84FBD2FE3F35EA5EB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830163" collectingDate="2010-09-30" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="A. P. Marais" country="South Africa" elevation="938" latitude="-29.650555" location="Prieska Dist." longLatPrecision="20" longitude="22.738611" municipality="Farm" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A76DFF84FBD2FE3F30C35E94" box="[1096,1210,442,467]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76DFF84FBD2FE3F30C35E94" box="[1096,1210,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D74A5CEA76DFF84FB51FE3C30835E94" box="[1227,1274,441,467]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, same data as holotype. (All
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED63F682A76DFF84FEA1FE5835F25EB0" box="[315,395,477,503]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA76DFF84FF5DFD85361C5D24" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A76DFF84FF5DFD85361C5D24" blockId="52.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76DFF84FF5DFD8535895D5C" bold="true" box="[199,496,512,539]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
The range of distribution of this species is in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A76DFF84FB8DFD84315F5D5C" box="[1047,1318,513,539]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Northern Cape Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134972C2A76DFF84FAAFFD8431ED5D5C" box="[1333,1428,512,539]" captionStart="FIGURES 153–154" captionStartId="71.[151,264,1983,2008]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,179,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@71.[174,1414,179,1955]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURES 153–154. Distribution maps of Afroptera spp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335180/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fig. 154</figureCitation>
|
||
) where it is situated in the Lower Gariep Broken Veld bioregion in the Nama Karoo Biome (see description of the habitat under distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A76DFF84FE42FDCC362C5D24" authorityName="Abdalla & Mansell & Sole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Tjeder" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[472,597,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Siccanda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A76DFF84FE42FDCC362C5D24" box="[472,597,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">S. arenaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |