170 lines
20 KiB
XML
170 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="EB5C9CD30F6881CC47D716D0ED4FC396" ID-CLB-Dataset="26219" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4635.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="de5c3cc9-9773-4e79-aaaf-0e964d7262f8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3335102" ID-ZooBank="E1AC3BD4-6FCB-49F9-8069-624760C2CAF7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1563173856474" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Abdalla, Ishtiag H., Mansell, Mervyn W. & Sole, Catherine L." docDate="2019" docId="03DBDF51A746FF91FF0DF8D631565BAB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4635.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4635 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Afroptera balli Abdalla & Mansell & Sole 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="A492C091-5ED4-47AD-B8DD-55EA165CD174" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FFE2A729A759FFB0FF9AFF8534795F47" masterDocTitle="Revision of the southern African genera Nemopterella Banks and Nemia Navás (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae), with descriptions of new genera and species" masterLastPageNumber="89" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1698741232922" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="7A9955D0DD54F9B802AEE010EC0FC6B0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3DA4CCFF37E38E495ABAA009BC368D89">
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<mods:title id="D31901E0C5139F6B42C5FCA290A67E33">Revision of the southern African genera Nemopterella Banks and Nemia Navás (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae), with descriptions of new genera and species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="D17B13CC0548ABFBE46037C4742C734D" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="F168549C8DC28676E4180C3ADECA2E02">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AA544C9C3F6B8ECEA400E8BEDEFC944B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D3302D160BCC5EA2A12AE4A0743A7C22">Abdalla, Ishtiag H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="C04F389F921C9C7560FDD890D940205C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="19A6F965E954B26A0652FD1CCF7018D2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="14AB482A41E650B7E83F099B1E221621">Mansell, Mervyn W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="5532EB2B869F6E839CBA8AABBCB6B70A" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="4E95449949B46881592F24E5FB77AAC3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2449DDDF8800FDE15564690FBE6DDBA3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="535ABAC34559635BDC6942F03E1DE9ED">Sole, Catherine L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="30EAE5F0253ED350F23F78CED15EF759">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="2D413DE328AEE60018DBB14B8DAA1E81">
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<mods:title id="DD2DBFCBB3A95350DC355CFFC223950A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="097CF1AA687159A85CDE60F8F668382B">
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<mods:date id="12F0F12B292D46F3729FB58C9176844C">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="8CFC4CB94520B1080F081885B20079EA" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="46910BC266D5180440529296F7E9F880">2019-07-12</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="CFCA43EB72F0EBD51DD30A1C402CA13D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5B095ED2A8F53FBD8C286DAF4CEA188A">4635</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="5172542092493106949FE59E02B99B9D" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="53CA0410AF3AC8394086A76D3B6C859F">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="55F1FC4B21D1A330DCC4BC0A120F4127">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="133ACC676BF5573E7172AADBF5D56E19">89</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="974A0758CA8277A3DDB0238DB27E13C3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="43F340CCDDC448A66789712A8CCD9A80" type="CLB-Dataset">26219</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5826904586BB67668A27C66E5503067C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4635.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5FA8E57C5D7120898A2C0E17C9592921" type="GBIF-Dataset">de5c3cc9-9773-4e79-aaaf-0e964d7262f8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="450C46C9178F8D8D50BC2FCA954CBF12" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F23B77CD54207C52A54E9B108744D697" type="Zenodo-Dep">3335102</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DD383F0234B336C22374E60E7D66D06E" type="ZooBank">E1AC3BD4-6FCB-49F9-8069-624760C2CAF7</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03DBDF51A746FF91FF0DF8D631565BAB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5922874" ID-GBIF-Taxon="158628711" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5922874" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A492C091-5ED4-47AD-B8DD-55EA165CD174" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DBDF51A746FF91FF0DF8D631565BAB" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA746FFAFFF0DF8D635CA58D5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A746FFAFFF0DF8D636DB5829" blockId="31.[151,987,1875,1974]" box="[151,674,1875,1902]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="D085D92BA746FFAFFF0DF8D636DB5829" bold="true" box="[151,674,1875,1902]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A746FFAFFF0DF8D636DB5829" bold="true" box="[151,674,1875,1902]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7215C4A746FFAFFF0DF8D636445829" authority="Abdalla & Mansell" authorityName="Abdalla & Mansell & Sole" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,573,1875,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Afroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balli" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A746FFAFFF0DF8D635335829" bold="true" box="[151,330,1875,1902]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Afroptera balli</emphasis>
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Abdalla & Mansell
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2350F2EA746FFAFFDDFF8D136DB5829" box="[581,674,1876,1902]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A746FFAFFF0DF8F235CA58D5" blockId="31.[151,987,1875,1974]" box="[151,435,1911,1938]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">(Figs 44, 49, 61, 82, 154)</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA746FF91FF0DF81E37085B70" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A746FFAFFF0DF81E37A258F1" blockId="31.[151,987,1875,1974]" box="[151,987,1947,1974]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<uri id="FFE36245A746FFAFFF0DF81E37A258F1" box="[151,987,1947,1974]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFD45492A746FFAFFE33F81E37A258F1" box="[425,987,1947,1974]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A492C091-5ED4-47AD-B8DD-55EA165CD174</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A779FF90FF5DF8F935FE5898" blockId="32.[151,1437,1916,2015]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A779FF90FF5DF8F9352058D0" bold="true" box="[199,345,1916,1943]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Description.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B906B255A779FF90FEFEF8F835E858D0" box="[356,401,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Size</emphasis>
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(mm). Female: body length 10.5 (9.9–11.5); forewing 23.9 (22.7–24.7); hind wing 52.2 (47.9–54.6); antenna 13.9 (13.1–15.4).
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<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A779FF90FDC0F82536BB58FD" box="[602,706,1952,1978]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D74A5CEA779FF90FD56F824369858FC" box="[716,737,1953,1979]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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(Fig. 44), body length 10.2; forewing 26.4; hind wing 63.1; antenna 22.9. (N = 5)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A778FF91FF5DFF1C35795FBB" blockId="33.[151,1437,153,1260]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A778FF91FF5DFF1C357D5FF4" box="[199,260,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Head</emphasis>
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. Rich yellow, with light yellowish brown vertex. Eyes small, widely separated. Antennae yellow, long, reaching pterostigma, with black setae. Apical segment much longer than preapical segments, mainly membranous (
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<figureCitation id="134972C2A778FF91FF3AFF64348A5FBB" box="[160,243,225,252]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–66" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1562,1587]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,237,1500]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[227,1361,227,1505]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 56–66.Antennae of Afroptera spp. 56, A. acuta sp. nov.; 57, A. alba sp. nov.; 58, A. koranna sp. nov.; 59, A. folia sp. nov.; 60, A. cylindrata sp. nov.; 61, A. balli sp. nov.; 62, A. maraisi sp. nov.; 63, A. apicalis (Tjeder); 64, A. bitis (Tjeder); 65, A. aequabilis (Tjeder); 66, A. brinkmani sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335142/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A778FF91FF5DFE80313B5DEC" blockId="33.[151,1437,153,1260]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A778FF91FF5DFE8035615E58" box="[199,280,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Thorax</emphasis>
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. Whitish, pruinose (
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<figureCitation id="134972C2A778FF91FE67FE8036285E58" box="[509,593,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–49" captionStartId="35.[151,262,1120,1145]" captionTargetBox="[249,1337,277,1085]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[249,1338,277,1085]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 46–49. Thorax of Afroptera spp. 46, A. folia sp. nov; 47, A. acuta sp. nov; 48, A. alba sp. nov; 49, A. balli sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335136/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
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). Only the longitudinal midstripe discernible on pronotum and mesoscutellum while midstripe on prescutum and lateral stripes on mesoscutum indistinct. The midstripe on pronotum forms a dark brown portion centrally in posterior half of pronotum while lateral stripes appear as two small transverse brown spots laterally on each side of pronotum. Stiff long black hairs intermingled with a few soft long white hairs present on fore and hind margins of pronotum, with soft long dense white hairs present behind these. Distal anterior sides of pronotum bear erect black hairs intermingled with long white hairs. Prescutum covered dorsally by long black hairs and antero-laterally by two groups of long black hairs intermixed with long white hairs. Long soft white hairs present along lateral sides of prescutum. Mesoscutum covered on disc by sparse, long white hairs admixed with a few long black hairs. Two tufts of long white hairs present on each side of prescutum. Midstripe on mesoscutellum manifest as dark midline centrally. Mesoscutellum with sparse short white hairs and two tufts of long white hairs on each side. Metanotum markedly pruinose with two tufts of long white hairs on each side.
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<emphasis id="B906B255A778FF91FB94FDEB303B5DC0" box="[1038,1090,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Legs</emphasis>
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yellow with black setae, tip of femora and tibiae tinged light brown. Coxae pruinose but mid and hind coxae more pruinose than fore coxae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A778FF91FF5DFD3336545CE0" blockId="33.[151,1437,153,1260]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A778FF91FF5DFD3335475D88" box="[199,318,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Forewings</emphasis>
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. Elongate, tapering towards apex, sub-acute with emargination before apex (
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<figureCitation id="134972C2A778FF91FB31FD3031785D88" box="[1195,1281,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–86" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1747,1772]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,200,1699]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[227,1361,200,1699]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 79–86. Afroptera spp. Forewings of the males. 79, A. acuta sp. nov.; 80, A. alba sp. nov.; 81, A. koranna sp. nov.; 82, A. balli sp. nov.; 83, A. cylindrata sp. nov.; 84, A. brinkmani sp. nov.; 85, A. maraisi sp. nov.; 86, A. folia sp. nov. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335146/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 82</figureCitation>
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). Pterostigma light brown, short, not reaching C. Venation yellow.
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<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A778FF91FD47FD5C37645DB4" box="[733,797,729,755]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Costa</collectingRegion>
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whitish, SC and R light brown. Proximal Cx shaded light brown. Costal cells increase in size towards pterostigma. In
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<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A778FF91FCA0FD7837E65C50" box="[826,927,765,791]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, 26 Cx before pterostigma in both forewings. Eleven crossveins present between R and M before origin of Rs in both forewings. Eleven radial crossveins before pterostigma in right wing,
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<quantity id="4C8AC3A2A778FF91FE5EFCC035875C18" box="[452,510,837,863]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
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left.
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<emphasis id="B906B255A778FF91FDA0FCC036C35C18" box="[570,698,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hind wings</emphasis>
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creamy white proximally, light brown before dark area. The portion just before dark area white. Longitudinal veins creamy white. Crossveins shaded faintly light brown. Dark area dark brown, shorter than white area.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A778FF91FF5DFC3430485B54" blockId="33.[151,1437,153,1260]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A778FF91FF5DFC3435485C8C" box="[199,305,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Abdomen</emphasis>
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. Greyish, markedly powdered particularly at sides and venter, with longitudinal brown midstripe very distinct on tergites 3–7. Hind margin of tergites yellowish. Tergites with long white hairs, sternite 2 with short white hairs, sternites 3–9 black haired. Apex yellow, pruinose with stiff long black hairs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A778FF91FF5DFB9B37085B70" blockId="33.[151,1437,153,1260]" box="[199,881,1053,1079]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A778FF91FF5DFB9B35565B70" box="[199,303,1054,1079]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Variation</emphasis>
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. No observed variation between female specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA778FF91FF5DFBC4317D5B38" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A778FF91FF5DFBC4317D5B38" blockId="33.[151,1437,153,1260]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A778FF91FF5DFBC435965B1C" bold="true" box="[199,495,1088,1115]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Type material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA778FF91FE6FFBC430345B1C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274829953" box="[501,1101,1089,1115]" collectionCode="NEUR" country="Namibia" location="Karas Region" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCode="NEUR08932" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="//Karas" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="F3652ED7A778FF91FE6FFBC4360A5B1C" box="[501,627,1089,1115]" name="Namibia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">NAMIBIA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49B6A0A5A778FF91FDE4FBC737615B1C" box="[638,792,1090,1115]" country="Namibia" name="//Karas" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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||
<emphasis id="B906B255A778FF91FDE4FBC737615B1C" box="[638,792,1090,1115]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Karas Region</emphasis>
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</collectingRegion>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A778FF91FCBCFBC437F75B1C" box="[806,910,1089,1115]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D74A5CEA778FF91FC0FFBC437D55B1C" box="[917,940,1089,1115]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCode id="DBD4C63CA778FF91FC22FBC430345B1C" box="[952,1101,1089,1115]" collectionCode="NEUR" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">NEUR08932</specimenCode>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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, Sendlingsdrift Gate,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A778FF91FADAFBC431E55B1C" box="[1344,1436,1089,1115]" degrees="28" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="925" value="-28.066668">28°04’S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE460880A778FF91FF0DFBE0348E5B38" box="[151,247,1125,1151]" degrees="16" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="925" value="16.816668">16°49’E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FFCC4887A778FF91FE99FBE0350C5B38" box="[259,373,1125,1151]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1999-10-31">31.x.1999</date>
|
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, M.W.Mansell, C.H.Scholtz.
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<materialsCitation id="3B1A641AA778FF91FD25FBE331795B38" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2274830004" box="[703,1280,1125,1151]" collectionCode="SANC" country="Namibia" location="Karas Region" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="//Karas" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="54C9D0E5A778FF91FD25FBE337485B38" box="[703,817,1126,1151]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B906B255A778FF91FD25FBE337485B38" box="[703,817,1126,1151]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Paratypes</emphasis>
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||
</typeStatus>
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||
:
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<specimenCount id="9D74A5CEA778FF91FCA5FBE0371D5B38" box="[831,868,1125,1151]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
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||
, same data as holotype. (All
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<collectionCode id="ED63F682A778FF91FB33FBE030805B38" box="[1193,1273,1125,1151]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
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||
)
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</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3683DCCA778FF91FF5DFB0D31565BAB" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6E47A778FF91FF5DFB0D31565BAB" blockId="33.[151,1437,153,1260]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B255A778FF91FF5DFB0D35975BE4" bold="true" box="[199,494,1160,1187]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652ED7A778FF91FCF1FB0C37B05BE4" box="[875,969,1161,1187]" name="Namibia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134972C2A778FF91FC40FB0C30455BE4" box="[986,1084,1160,1187]" captionStart="FIGURES 153–154" captionStartId="71.[151,264,1983,2008]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,179,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@71.[174,1414,179,1955]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURES 153–154. Distribution maps of Afroptera spp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335180/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 154</figureCitation>
|
||
). The range of distribution falls within the Nama Karoo Biome’s extension into southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652ED7A778FF91FC9CFB2837115B80" box="[774,872,1197,1223]" name="Namibia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The habitat is dry, vegetated mostly by low shrubs, grasses, succulents and annual forbs. It receives predominantly summer rains (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE313B6A778FF91FC6AFB54315A5BAB" author="Mucina, L. & Rutherford, M. C." box="[1008,1315,1233,1260]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 808" refId="ref48773" refString="Mucina, L. & Rutherford, M. C. (2006) The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. In: Strelitzia. Vol. 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 1 - 808." type="book chapter" year="2006">Mucina & Rutherford 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |