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<mods:title id="FAA5730BE6F4E056C7945CF357FA2456">Review of the subgenus Euthraulus (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae, genus Choroterpes) from the Western Ghats (India)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E8633A41C768E13C88A2C895A0C0656A">Kluge, Nikita</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="0380DE6CFF9DFF8650A6FE9AA7F6FAC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7046919" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199910955" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7046919" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0380DE6CFF9DFF8650A6FE9AA7F6FAC1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0380DE6CFF9DFF8650A6FE9AA7F6FAC1" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8750A6FE9AA707FEA8" blockId="20.[151,1093,330,393]" box="[151,1093,330,357]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="D0DED816FF9DFF8750A6FE9AA707FEA8" bold="true" box="[151,1093,330,357]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="3">
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9.
<taxonomicName id="4C2914F9FF9DFF875084FE9AA707FEA8" authority="Selvakumar &amp; Sivaramakrishnan 2015" authorityName="Selvakumar &amp; Sivaramakrishnan" authorityYear="2015" box="[181,1093,330,357]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Choroterpes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nandini" subGenus="Euthraulus">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF875084FE9AA20BFEA9" bold="true" box="[181,329,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Choroterpes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF87516BFE9AA2A7FEA9" bold="true" box="[346,485,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Euthraulus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8751C7FE9AA117FEA9" bold="true" box="[502,597,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">nandini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8128BFF9DFF87526DFE9AA707FEA8" author="Selvakumar, C. &amp; Janarthanan, S. &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, K. G." box="[604,1093,330,356]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="284 - 288" refId="ref23831" refString="Selvakumar, C., Janarthanan, S. &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. (2015) A new species of the Choroterpes Eaton, 1881 subgenus Monophyllus Kluge, 2012 and a new record of the subgenus Choroterpes, s. s. (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from southern Western Ghats, India. Zootaxa, 3941 (2), 284 - 288. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3941.2.8" type="journal article" year="2015">Selvakumar &amp; Sivaramakrishnan 2015</bibRefCitation>
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(
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF8750AEFEBFA3AAFE45" box="[159,232,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 19" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1852,1876]" captionTargetBox="[152,1429,179,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,179,1826]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 19. Posterolateral spines of larval abdominal segments VIII and IX, dorsal view. 1, Choroterpes (Euthraulus) alagarensis; 2, Ch. (E.) armillatus sp. n. (holotype); 3, Ch. (E.) latus sp. n. (holotype); 4, Ch. (E.) atelobranchis sp. n. (holotype); 5, Ch. (E.) unicolor sp. n. (holotype); 6, Ch. (E.) sp. «Mumbai»; 7, Ch. (E.) nambiyarensis; 8, Ch. (E.) angustifolius sp. n. (holotype); 9, Ch. (E.) nandini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041002/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF8750C5FEBEA250FE45" box="[244,274,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 1015" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[165,1432,201,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-16@24.[151,1436,181,1703]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 1015. Penis of male imago, ventral view. 10, Choroterpes (Euthraulus) armillatus sp. n. (holotype); 11, Ch. (E.) latus sp. n. (holotype); 12, Ch. (E.) unicolor sp. n. (holotype); 13, Ch. (E.) nambiyarensis; 14, Ch. (E.) angustifolius sp. n.; 15, Ch. (E.) nandini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041004/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">15</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF87512FFEBEA2C3FE45" box="[286,385,366,393]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 392397" captionStart-1="FIGURES 398404" captionStart-2="FIGURES 405407" captionStart-3="FIGURES 408411" captionStart-4="FIGURES 412423" captionStart-5="FIGURES 424425" captionStartId-0="79.[151,264,1869,1893]" captionStartId-1="80.[151,264,1841,1865]" captionStartId-2="81.[151,264,1815,1839]" captionStartId-3="82.[151,264,1693,1717]" captionStartId-4="83.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionStartId-5="84.[151,264,1678,1702]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1426,181,1814]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetBox-2="[161,1426,182,1791]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetBox-5="[154,1433,181,1654]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@79.[151,1435,181,1815]" captionTargetId-1="figure-16@80.[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@81.[161,1426,181,1791]" captionTargetId-3="figure-16@82.[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetId-4="figure-18@83.[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetId-5="figure-16@84.[154,1433,181,1654]" captionTargetPageId-0="79" captionTargetPageId-1="80" captionTargetPageId-2="81" captionTargetPageId-3="82" captionTargetPageId-4="83" captionTargetPageId-5="84" captionText-0="FIGURES 392397. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, exuviae of male larva with the same magnification: 392, head; 393, pronotum and mesonotum; 394396, fore, middle and hind legs; 397, abdominal tergum with tergalii." captionText-1="FIGURES 398404. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larvae. 398399, labrum; 400402, maxillae; 403404, posterior margins of abdominal terga VIII and IX." captionText-2="FIGURES 405407. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larval exuviae of fore, middle and hind femora, with focus on anterior side." captionText-3="FIGURES 408411. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larval exuviae of tibiae, tarsi and claws. 408410, fore, middle and hind legs, with focus on anterior side; 411, hind tibia with focus on posterior side." captionText-4="FIGURES 412423. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini. 412413, male imagines; 414, abdominal segments IVVI of female imago; 415, abdomen of male imago; 416417, subimaginal exuviae of male fore and middle legs; 418420, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 421, genitalia of male imago; 422, their subimaginal exuviae; 423, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum." captionText-5="FIGURES 424425. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, eggs." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041341" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041343" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041356" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041358" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041362" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041364" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7041341/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7041343/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7041356/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7041358/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7041362/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7041364/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">392425</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8750A6FE63A27CFE26" blockId="20.[151,1437,435,490]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C2914F9FF9DFF8750A6FE63A01BFE07" authority="Selvakumar &amp; Sivaramakrishnan" authorityName="Selvakumar &amp; Sivaramakrishnan" authorityYear="2015" box="[151,857,435,459]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Choroterpes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nandini" subGenus="Monophyllus">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8750A6FE63A257FE07" box="[151,277,435,459]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Choroterpes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF875112FE63A2E5FE07" box="[291,423,435,459]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Monophyllus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF875187FE63A141FE07" box="[438,515,435,459]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">nandini</emphasis>
Selvakumar &amp; Sivaramakrishnan
</taxonomicName>
(in Selvakumar, Janarthanan &amp; Sivaramakrishnan) 2015: 285 (larva).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8750A6FDC8A2C2FDFE" bold="true" box="[151,384,536,562]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B416527FF9DFF8751B6FDC8A60AFD9A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3897579301" collectingDate="2013-01-11" collectingDateMax="2013-01-31" collectingDateMin="2013-01-11" collectorName="N. Kluge &amp; L. Sheyko" country="India" county="Shivamogga" location="Agumbe" municipality="Udupi" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="29" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-larva="24" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Karnataka">
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,
<collectingRegion id="49EDA198FF9DFF8751D5FDC8A1D1FDFF" box="[484,659,536,563]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Karnataka state</collectingRegion>
, border of
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and
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districts near
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and
<location id="8EF639A1FF9DFF875575FDC8A6DAFDFE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0380DE6CFF9DFF8650A6FE9AA7F6FAC1:8EF639A1FF9DFF875575FDC8A6DAFDFE" box="[1348,1432,536,562]" country="India" county="Shivamogga" municipality="Udupi" name="Nadpal" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Karnataka">Nadpal</location>
,
<date id="FF9749BAFF9DFF8750A6FDECA26CFD9A" box="[151,302,572,598]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2013-01-11" valueMax="2013-01-31" valueMin="2013-01-11">
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</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="26DC0AACFF9DFF875141FDEDA294FD9A" box="[368,470,572,599]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">N. Kluge</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26DC0AACFF9DFF8751C8FDEDA132FD9A" box="[505,624,572,599]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">L. Sheyko</collectorName>
: 3 L-S-I
<specimenCount id="9D2FA4F3FF9DFF8752E1FDECA1A1FD9A" box="[720,739,572,598]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
, 1 L-S/I
<specimenCount id="9D2FA4F3FF9DFF875370FDECA017FD9A" box="[833,853,572,598]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
, 2 L-S
<specimenCount id="9D2FA4F3FF9DFF875393FDECA0F4FD9A" box="[930,950,572,598]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
, 1 L-S-I
<specimenCount id="9D2FA4F3FF9DFF87542AFDECA76BFD9A" box="[1051,1065,572,598]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="female"></specimenCount>
, 1 L-S
<specimenCount id="9D2FA4F3FF9DFF87544AFDECA7C8FD9A" box="[1147,1162,572,598]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="female"></specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D2FA4F3FF9DFF8754A7FDECA7BEFD9A" box="[1174,1276,572,598]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="larva">24 larvae</specimenCount>
(ZIN)
</materialsCitation>
.
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<collectingRegion id="49EDA198FF9DFF875563FDECA38FFDB7" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Kerala state</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF2F500FF9DFF8750E8FDB0A22CFDB6" box="[217,366,608,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Poothumoola</collectingMunicipality>
stream,
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFD3B052FF9DFF8752A6FDB0A05AFDB6" box="[663,792,608,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2021-03-20">20.III.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="26DC0AACFF9DFF87536AFDB1A09DFDB6" box="[859,991,608,635]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">M. Vasanth</collectorName>
: 12 I
<specimenCount id="9D2FA4F3FF9DFF875427FDB1A76EFDB7" box="[1046,1068,609,635]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
, 6 S
<specimenCount id="9D2FA4F3FF9DFF87546CFDB0A731FDB6" box="[1117,1139,608,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male"></specimenCount>
, 6 I
<specimenCount id="9D2FA4F3FF9DFF875490FDB1A7F1FDB7" box="[1185,1203,609,635]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="female"></specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D2FA4F3FF9DFF87548BFDB0A663FDB6" box="[1210,1313,608,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="larva">12 larvae</specimenCount>
(ZSI)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8750F6FD54A21EFD52" blockId="20.[151,1437,536,2039]" box="[199,348,644,670]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8750F6FD54A21EFD52" bold="true" box="[199,348,644,670]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Descriptions</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8750F6FD78A390FCE2" blockId="20.[151,1437,536,2039]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8750F6FD78A255FD0E" bold="true" box="[199,279,680,706]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Larva.</emphasis>
CUTICULAR COLORATION: Head, pronotum and mesonotum with diffusive brown and ochre areas (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF8750D1FD1CA23DFD2A" box="[224,383,716,742]" captionStart="FIGURES 392397" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,181,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-18@79.[151,1435,181,1815]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 392397. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, exuviae of male larva with the same magnification: 392, head; 393, pronotum and mesonotum; 394396, fore, middle and hind legs; 397, abdominal tergum with tergalii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041341/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 392293</figureCitation>
). Femora of all legs light brown-ochre, with diffusive lighter and darker areas; tibiae and tarsi brown-ochre (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF875105FD20A290FCC6" box="[308,466,752,778]" captionStart="FIGURES 392397" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,181,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-18@79.[151,1435,181,1815]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 392397. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, exuviae of male larva with the same magnification: 392, head; 393, pronotum and mesonotum; 394396, fore, middle and hind legs; 397, abdominal tergum with tergalii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041341/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 394396</figureCitation>
).Abdominal terga and sterna light ochre, some terga diffusively darkened laterally (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF87555EFD20A387FCE2" captionStart="FIGURES 392397" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,181,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-18@79.[151,1435,181,1815]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 392397. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, exuviae of male larva with the same magnification: 392, head; 393, pronotum and mesonotum; 394396, fore, middle and hind legs; 397, abdominal tergum with tergalii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041341/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 397</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8750F9FCE8A70BFC73" blockId="20.[151,1437,536,2039]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
HYPODERMAL COLORATION: Femur of each leg with contrasting brown maculae at middle and near apex (as in imago—as in
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF875184FC8CA111FCBA" box="[437,595,860,886]" captionStart="FIGURES 412423" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-18@83.[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 412423. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini. 412413, male imagines; 414, abdominal segments IVVI of female imago; 415, abdomen of male imago; 416417, subimaginal exuviae of male fore and middle legs; 418420, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 421, genitalia of male imago; 422, their subimaginal exuviae; 423, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041362/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 418420</figureCitation>
). In immature larvae, posterior part of each abdominal tergum more or less extensively colored with brown; each abdominal sternum with pair of more or less extensive brown spots laterally. In last larval instar, abdominal terga get coloration as in imago (as in
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF8753AEFC74A77FFC73" box="[927,1085,932,959]" captionStart="FIGURES 412423" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-18@83.[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 412423. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini. 412413, male imagines; 414, abdominal segments IVVI of female imago; 415, abdomen of male imago; 416417, subimaginal exuviae of male fore and middle legs; 418420, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 421, genitalia of male imago; 422, their subimaginal exuviae; 423, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041362/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 412415</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8750F9FC18A280FB12" blockId="20.[151,1437,536,2039]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
SHAPE AND SETATION:
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF87523AFC18A126FC2E" box="[523,612,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Labrum</emphasis>
with median emargination deep and sharp, with 5 denticles smoothed out or absent (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF87513FFC3CA230FBCA" box="[270,370,1004,1030]" captionStart="FIGURES 398404" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-16@80.[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 398404. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larvae. 398399, labrum; 400402, maxillae; 403404, posterior margins of abdominal terga VIII and IX." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041343/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 399</figureCitation>
); distal transverse setal row arched, as long as about 1/2 of labrum width; proximal transverse setal row arched, slightly shorter than distal transverse setal row (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF8753B7FBC0A0AAFBE6" box="[902,1000,1040,1066]" captionStart="FIGURES 398404" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-16@80.[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 398404. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larvae. 398399, labrum; 400402, maxillae; 403404, posterior margins of abdominal terga VIII and IX." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041343/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 398</figureCitation>
)
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8753C8FBC0A72DFBE6" box="[1017,1135,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mandibles</emphasis>
with outer margin moderately convex (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF875106FBE4A2D8FB82" box="[311,410,1076,1102]" captionStart="FIGURES 392397" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,181,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-18@79.[151,1435,181,1815]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 392397. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, exuviae of male larva with the same magnification: 392, head; 393, pronotum and mesonotum; 394396, fore, middle and hind legs; 397, abdominal tergum with tergalii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041341/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 392</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF87519FFBE4A150FB82" box="[430,530,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Maxillae</emphasis>
: Medio-apical projection of maxilla well-expressed, overlaps base of comb-like dentiseta, directed medially; subapical ventral row of comb-like setae reduced to 69 setae, far not reaches apex of medio-apical projection and divided by curvation into median portion with larger sockets and lateral portion with smaller sockets (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF875162FB70A2B6FB76" box="[339,500,1184,1210]" captionStart="FIGURES 398404" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-16@80.[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 398404. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larvae. 398399, labrum; 400402, maxillae; 403404, posterior margins of abdominal terga VIII and IX." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041343/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 401402</figureCitation>
). Inner margin of maxillary palp with 12 setae on apex of 2nd segment, 23 setae on 3rd segment (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF875162FB14A2F5FB12" box="[339,439,1220,1246]" captionStart="FIGURES 398404" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-16@80.[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 398404. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larvae. 398399, labrum; 400402, maxillae; 403404, posterior margins of abdominal terga VIII and IX." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041343/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 400</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8750F6FB39A032FA7B" blockId="20.[151,1437,536,2039]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8750F6FB39A205FACE" box="[199,327,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fore femur</emphasis>
: widest proximally; margins and anterior side with stout non-pectinate setae, partly blunt, partly pointed (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF8750CAFADCA21DFAEB" box="[251,351,1292,1319]" captionStart="FIGURES 405407" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,182,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-18@81.[161,1426,181,1791]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 405407. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larval exuviae of fore, middle and hind femora, with focus on anterior side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041356/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 405</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF875142FADCA149FAEA" box="[371,523,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Middle femur</emphasis>
: widest at middle; margins and anterior side with stout, non-pectinate, blunt and pointed setae (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF87510DFAE0A2E2FA86" box="[316,416,1328,1354]" captionStart="FIGURES 405407" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,182,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-18@81.[161,1426,181,1791]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 405407. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larval exuviae of fore, middle and hind femora, with focus on anterior side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041356/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 406</figureCitation>
);
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF875187FAE0A175FA86" box="[438,567,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Hind femur</emphasis>
: widest at middle; outer margin with stout, non-pectinate, blunt and pointed setae; anterior side with row of shortly truncated setae parallel to inner margin and few such setae proximally (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF87555EFA84A387FA5E" captionStart="FIGURES 405407" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,182,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-18@81.[161,1426,181,1791]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 405407. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larval exuviae of fore, middle and hind femora, with focus on anterior side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041356/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 407</figureCitation>
); pointed, curved, pectinate setae forming irregular row on posterior side of hind femur, located mostly in proximal part of femur; in distal part sparse and small (as in
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF875333FA4CA026FA7B" box="[770,868,1436,1463]" captionStart="FIGURES 346356" captionStartId="73.[151,264,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1722]" captionTargetId="figure-18@73.[151,1435,181,1722]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="FIGURES 346356. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) angustifolius sp. n., larvae. 346347, labrum; 348350, apex of labrum with focus on proximal transverse setal row (348), distal transverse setal tow (349) and median emargination (350); 351352, maxilla; 353354, middle portion of inner margin of hind femur with focus on anterior side (353) and posterior side (354); 355356, posterior margins of abdominal terga VIII and IX (353356, holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041263/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 354</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8750F6FA11A70AF942" blockId="20.[151,1437,536,2039]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8750F6FA11A274FA16" box="[199,310,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fore tibia</emphasis>
: stout, pointed, pectinate setae on inner side form irregular stripe with 13 setae in cross section, occupy most part of tibia length and form separate group on tibia apex (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF87539FFA34A753FA32" box="[942,1041,1508,1534]" captionStart="FIGURES 408411" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-16@82.[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 408411. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larval exuviae of tibiae, tarsi and claws. 408410, fore, middle and hind legs, with focus on anterior side; 411, hind tibia with focus on posterior side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041358/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 408</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF875417FA34A7F2FA32" box="[1062,1200,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Middle tibia</emphasis>
: stout setae on inner side pointed, non-pectinate, form very sparse row of 36 longer setae and several shorter setae (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF8754DBF9D8A612F9EE" box="[1258,1360,1544,1570]" captionStart="FIGURES 408411" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-16@82.[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 408411. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larval exuviae of tibiae, tarsi and claws. 408410, fore, middle and hind legs, with focus on anterior side; 411, hind tibia with focus on posterior side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041358/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 409</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF875555F9D8A388F98A" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Hind tibia</emphasis>
: stout setae forming longitudinal row on outer side, mostly longer than tibia width; stout setae on inner and inner-anterior sides shorter than tibia width, blunt or pointed, non-pectinate (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF8753DAF980A70FF9A6" box="[1003,1101,1616,1642]" captionStart="FIGURES 408411" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-16@82.[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 408411. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larval exuviae of tibiae, tarsi and claws. 408410, fore, middle and hind legs, with focus on anterior side; 411, hind tibia with focus on posterior side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041358/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 410</figureCitation>
); pointed, bipectinate setae on posterior side absent on proximal 1/3 of tibia, sparse on distal 2/3 of tibia (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF8753EBF9A4A77EF942" box="[986,1084,1652,1678]" captionStart="FIGURES 408411" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-16@82.[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 408411. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larval exuviae of tibiae, tarsi and claws. 408410, fore, middle and hind legs, with focus on anterior side; 411, hind tibia with focus on posterior side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041358/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 411</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8750F6F949A028F91A" blockId="20.[151,1437,536,2039]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8750F6F949A242F97E" box="[199,256,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tarsi</emphasis>
: inner side of hind tarsus with one preapical and one apical stout setae; smaller stout setae proximad of them and on inner sides of fore and middle tarsi (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF87528FF96CA01FF91A" box="[702,861,1724,1750]" captionStart="FIGURES 408411" captionStartId="82.[151,264,1693,1717]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-16@82.[151,1436,181,1669]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURES 408411. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larval exuviae of tibiae, tarsi and claws. 408410, fore, middle and hind legs, with focus on anterior side; 411, hind tibia with focus on posterior side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041358/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 408410</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8750F6F930A2B4F8AA" blockId="20.[151,1437,536,2039]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8750F6F930A273F936" box="[199,305,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Terga of anterior part of abdomen only slightly wider and shorter than terga of posterior part of abdomen (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF8750C2F8D4A217F8D2" box="[243,341,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURES 392397" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,181,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-18@79.[151,1435,181,1815]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 392397. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, exuviae of male larva with the same magnification: 392, head; 393, pronotum and mesonotum; 394396, fore, middle and hind legs; 397, abdominal tergum with tergalii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041341/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 397</figureCitation>
). Posterior margins of abdominal terga: terga I
<collectionCode id="ED38F7BFFF9DFF87535FF8D5A0DCF8D3" box="[878,926,1797,1823]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">VIII</collectionCode>
with minute denticles (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF875496F8D4A64BF8D2" box="[1191,1289,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURES 398404" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-16@80.[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 398404. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larvae. 398399, labrum; 400402, maxillae; 403404, posterior margins of abdominal terga VIII and IX." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041343/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 403</figureCitation>
); terga
<collectionCode id="ED38F7BFFF9DFF87556DF8D5A63BF8D3" box="[1372,1401,1797,1823]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">IX</collectionCode>
X with larger pointed denticles (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF8751C2F8F8A118F88E" box="[499,602,1832,1858]" captionStart="FIGURES 398404" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-16@80.[151,1436,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 398404. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, larvae. 398399, labrum; 400402, maxillae; 403404, posterior margins of abdominal terga VIII and IX." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041343/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 404</figureCitation>
); sterna without denticles. Posterolateral spines of terga
<collectionCode id="ED38F7BFFF9DFF8754DBF8F9A658F88F" box="[1258,1306,1833,1859]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">VIII</collectionCode>
incised, of tergum
<collectionCode id="ED38F7BFFF9DFF8750DCF89DA249F8AB" box="[237,267,1869,1895]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">IX</collectionCode>
non-incised (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF875195F89CA2AAF8AA" box="[420,488,1868,1894]" captionStart="FIGURES 19" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1852,1876]" captionTargetBox="[152,1429,179,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-18@23.[151,1436,179,1826]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 19. Posterolateral spines of larval abdominal segments VIII and IX, dorsal view. 1, Choroterpes (Euthraulus) alagarensis; 2, Ch. (E.) armillatus sp. n. (holotype); 3, Ch. (E.) latus sp. n. (holotype); 4, Ch. (E.) atelobranchis sp. n. (holotype); 5, Ch. (E.) unicolor sp. n. (holotype); 6, Ch. (E.) sp. «Mumbai»; 7, Ch. (E.) nambiyarensis; 8, Ch. (E.) angustifolius sp. n. (holotype); 9, Ch. (E.) nandini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041002/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8750F6F8A0A17DF81E" blockId="20.[151,1437,536,2039]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8750F6F8A0A25CF846" box="[199,286,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tergalii</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9DFF87511FF8A0A2D0F846" box="[302,402,1904,1930]" captionStart="FIGURES 392397" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,181,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-18@79.[151,1435,181,1815]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 392397. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, exuviae of male larva with the same magnification: 392, head; 393, pronotum and mesonotum; 394396, fore, middle and hind legs; 397, abdominal tergum with tergalii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041341/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 392</figureCitation>
): Tergalius I unilamellate and thread-like. Tergalius II consists of one narrow lamella terminated with 2 processes; tergalii IIIVII each consist of one narrow lamella terminated with 3 processes. Each lamella gray, tracheae pigmented by blackish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9DFF8650F6F80CA1F7FF35" blockId="20.[151,1437,536,2039]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,151,1293]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9DFF8750F6F80CA204F83A" bold="true" box="[199,326,2012,2038]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Subimago.</emphasis>
CUTICULAR COLORATION: Pronotum light brownish. Mesonotum with chromozones light brown (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF8650DFFF47A212FF7D" box="[238,336,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 412423" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-18@83.[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 412423. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini. 412413, male imagines; 414, abdominal segments IVVI of female imago; 415, abdomen of male imago; 416417, subimaginal exuviae of male fore and middle legs; 418420, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 421, genitalia of male imago; 422, their subimaginal exuviae; 423, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041362/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 423</figureCitation>
). Thoracic pleura and sterna with light brown and colorless areas. Wings with microtrichial circles very light brownish. Legs light brownish; tibiae not darkened at base (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF865399FF6BA70AFF19" box="[936,1096,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 412423" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-18@83.[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 412423. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini. 412413, male imagines; 414, abdominal segments IVVI of female imago; 415, abdomen of male imago; 416417, subimaginal exuviae of male fore and middle legs; 418420, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 421, genitalia of male imago; 422, their subimaginal exuviae; 423, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041362/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 416417</figureCitation>
). Abdominal terga, sterna, and caudalii light brownish; gonostyli darker brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9CFF8650F9FED3A1B6FED1" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[200,756,259,285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">HYPODERMAL COLORATION: As in imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9CFF8650F9FEF7A06AFE61" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
TEXTURE: On all legs of both sexes, 1st tarsomere covered with microtrichia (as tibia), at least 5th tarsomere covered with sharply narrowed, pointed microlepides; on fore legs of male all 2nd5th tarsomeres covered with such microlepides (as in
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF865180FEBFA112FE45" box="[433,592,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 234242" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-18@55.[151,1436,181,1793]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 234242. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) unicolor sp. n. 234235, labrum; 236238, posterior margins of larval abdominal terga V, VIII and IX; 239240, subimaginal tarsus; 241242, maxilla." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041110/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 239240</figureCitation>
); on middle and hind legs of male and on all legs of female 2nd4th tarsomeres with mixture of such microlepides and microtrichia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9CFF8650F6FE67A24DFCD9" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8650F6FE67A218FE1D" bold="true" box="[199,346,439,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Imago, male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF865159FE67A144FE1D" box="[360,518,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 412423" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-18@83.[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 412423. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini. 412413, male imagines; 414, abdominal segments IVVI of female imago; 415, abdomen of male imago; 416417, subimaginal exuviae of male fore and middle legs; 418420, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 421, genitalia of male imago; 422, their subimaginal exuviae; 423, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041362/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 412413</figureCitation>
). Head ochre with brown. Scape and pedicel either brown, or ochre proximally and brown distally, flagellum ochre or brown. Dorsal eyes not elevated, brownish-orange. Thorax brown. On fore wing base including costal brace brown, other membrane colorless; pterostigma with simple, perpendicular crossveins. On hind wing base brown, other membrane colorless; costal projection blunt (as in
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF865475FDF3A7E4FDF1" box="[1092,1190,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 95108" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-18@37.[151,1436,181,1764]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 95108. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) armillatus sp.n. 95, head and thorax of male imago; 96, abdomen of male imago; 97, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum; 9899, exuviae of male subimaginal fore and hind legs; 100102, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 103104, female imago, ventral and dorsal view; 105, proximal part of caudalius of male imago; 106, subimaginal exuviae of gonostylus; 107, imaginal genitalia; 108, hind wing (95102, 105108, holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041042/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 108</figureCitation>
). Legs light ochre; on each leg cuticle of knee area (apex of femur and base of tibia) colored with brown; fore femur with two black hypodermal maculae—apical macula and middle with proximal maculae fused together; middle and hind femora with 2 black hypodermal maculae—apical and middle ones, with or without smaller proximal macula (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF8654C1FD5FA6D3FD65" box="[1264,1425,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 412423" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-18@83.[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 412423. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini. 412413, male imagines; 414, abdominal segments IVVI of female imago; 415, abdomen of male imago; 416417, subimaginal exuviae of male fore and middle legs; 418420, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 421, genitalia of male imago; 422, their subimaginal exuviae; 423, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041362/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 418420</figureCitation>
). Each abdominal tergum IIIVII in median part mostly ochre, laterally and posteriorly mostly brown; more anterior and more posterior terga mostly brown (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF865256FD07A048FD3D" box="[615,778,726,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 412423" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-18@83.[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 412423. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini. 412413, male imagines; 414, abdominal segments IVVI of female imago; 415, abdomen of male imago; 416417, subimaginal exuviae of male fore and middle legs; 418420, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 421, genitalia of male imago; 422, their subimaginal exuviae; 423, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041362/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 413, 415</figureCitation>
); sterna ochre. Caudalii ochre with black dots in joinings (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF8650AEFD2BA240FCD9" box="[159,258,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 412423" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-18@83.[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 412423. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini. 412413, male imagines; 414, abdominal segments IVVI of female imago; 415, abdomen of male imago; 416417, subimaginal exuviae of male fore and middle legs; 418420, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 421, genitalia of male imago; 422, their subimaginal exuviae; 423, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041362/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 413</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9CFF8650F6FCCFA0CBFC4D" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8650F6FCCFA239FCF4" bold="true" box="[199,379,798,825]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
Both in subimago and imago, 1st segment of gonostylus with inner-apical angle right, with length equal to width (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF8651A7FC93A175FC91" box="[406,567,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 412423" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-18@83.[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 412423. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini. 412413, male imagines; 414, abdominal segments IVVI of female imago; 415, abdomen of male imago; 416417, subimaginal exuviae of male fore and middle legs; 418420, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 421, genitalia of male imago; 422, their subimaginal exuviae; 423, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041362/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 421422</figureCitation>
). Penes widest in proximal part; portion distad of gonopores less than half of length from proximal constriction to apex; apices smooth (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF865319FCB7A039FC4D" box="[808,891,870,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 1015" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[165,1432,201,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-16@24.[151,1436,181,1703]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 1015. Penis of male imago, ventral view. 10, Choroterpes (Euthraulus) armillatus sp. n. (holotype); 11, Ch. (E.) latus sp. n. (holotype); 12, Ch. (E.) unicolor sp. n. (holotype); 13, Ch. (E.) nambiyarensis; 14, Ch. (E.) angustifolius sp. n.; 15, Ch. (E.) nandini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041004/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9CFF8650F6FC5BA1AEFC05" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8650F6FC5BA23BFC68" bold="true" box="[199,377,906,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Imago, female.</emphasis>
Leg coloration as in male. Abdominal terga nearly uniformly dark brown with small blanks; sterna ochre with brown maculae laterally (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF86524CFC7FA1A2FC05" box="[637,736,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 412423" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-18@83.[151,1436,181,1820]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 412423. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini. 412413, male imagines; 414, abdominal segments IVVI of female imago; 415, abdomen of male imago; 416417, subimaginal exuviae of male fore and middle legs; 418420, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 421, genitalia of male imago; 422, their subimaginal exuviae; 423, subimaginal exuviae of half of mesonotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041362/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 414</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9CFF8650F6FC03A0C6FBF9" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8650F6FC03A3B4FC21" bold="true" box="[199,246,979,1005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Egg</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF865136FC03A2EBFC21" box="[263,425,978,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 424425" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1678,1702]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,181,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-16@84.[154,1433,181,1654]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 424425. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, eggs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041364/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 424425</figureCitation>
). Irregularly oval. Chorion partly covered with relief formed by papillae and ridges (see Notes about
<taxonomicName id="4C2914F9FF9CFF865116FC27A2E1FBDD" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1932" box="[295,419,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Euthraulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF865116FC27A2E1FBDD" box="[295,419,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Euthraulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF86518CFC27A160FBDD" box="[445,546,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 424425" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1678,1702]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,181,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-16@84.[154,1433,181,1654]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 424425. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, eggs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041364/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 424</figureCitation>
); most part of egg surface lacks regular relief, so that egg viewed from certain side looks as lacking this relief (
<figureCitation id="131273FFFF9CFF865230FBCBA121FBF9" box="[513,611,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 424425" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1678,1702]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,181,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-16@84.[154,1433,181,1654]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 424425. Choroterpes (Euthraulus) nandini, eggs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7041364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7041364/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 425</figureCitation>
). Some papillae enlarged.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9CFF8650F6FBEEA0ACFB95" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,1006,1086,1113]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8650F6FBEEA20CFB94" bold="true" box="[199,334,1086,1112]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Dimension.</emphasis>
Fore wing length (and approximated body length)
<quantity id="4CD1C29FFF9CFF8653BBFBEEA0A8FB95" box="[906,1002,1086,1113]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">45 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3333CF1FF9CFF8650F6FBB2A726FBB1" box="[199,1124,1122,1149]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9CFF8650F6FBB2A726FBB1" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,1124,1122,1149]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8650F6FBB2A223FBB0" bold="true" box="[199,353,1122,1148]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Distribution.</emphasis>
Mountains of the Western Ghats in southern
<collectingCountry id="F33E2FEAFF9CFF86536DFBB3A0D4FBB1" box="[860,918,1123,1149]" name="India" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">India</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49EDA198FF9CFF865395FBB3A71AFBB1" box="[932,1112,1123,1149]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Karnataka state</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3333CF1FF9CFF8650F6FB56A7F6FAC1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B966F7AFF9CFF8650F6FB56A7F6FAC1" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8650F6FB56A20DFB6C" bold="true" box="[199,335,1158,1184]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Comments.</emphasis>
This species was originally placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C2914F9FF9CFF8653BEFB57A7ECFB6D" authority="Kluge 2012" authorityName="monophyllus Kluge" authorityYear="2012" box="[911,1198,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Choroterpes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Monophyllus">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8653BEFB57A763FB6D" box="[911,1057,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Monophyllus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8128BFF9CFF865419FB57A7ECFB6D" author="Kluge, N. J." box="[1064,1198,1159,1185]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="273 - 306" refId="ref23249" refString="Kluge, N. J. (2012) Contribution to the knowledge of Choroterpes (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae). Russian Entomological Journal, 21 (3), 273 - 306. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / rusentj. 21.3.04" type="journal article" year="2012">Kluge 2012</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which is recently renamed to
<taxonomicName id="4C2914F9FF9CFF865134FB7BA191FB09" authority="Kluge &amp; Jacobus 2015" authorityName="Kluge &amp; Jacobus" authorityYear="2015" box="[261,723,1194,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Monochoroterpes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF865134FB7BA289FB09" box="[261,459,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Monochoroterpes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB8128BFF9CFF8651E3FB7BA191FB09" author="Kluge, N. J. &amp; Jacobus, L. M." box="[466,723,1194,1221]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="150" refId="ref23388" refString="Kluge, N. J. &amp; Jacobus, L. M. (2015) Monochoroterpes, a replacement name for Monophyllus Kluge, 2012 (Insecta: Ephemeroptera), nec Monophyllus Leach, 1821 (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Zootaxa, 3946 (1), 150. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3946.1.11" type="journal article" year="2015">Kluge &amp; Jacobus 2015</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, because of homonymy. However, this species is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C2914F9FF9CFF865085FB1FA2E4FB25" authority="Kluge &amp; Srinivasan &amp; Isack, 2022" authorityName="Kluge &amp; Srinivasan &amp; Isack" authorityYear="2022" box="[180,422,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Choroterpes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustifolius" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Euthraulus">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF865085FB1FA39EFB25" box="[180,220,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ch.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8650DDFB1FA247FB24" box="[236,261,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">E.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF865124FB1FA2E4FB25" box="[277,422,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">angustifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E0E13FF9CFF86519CFB1FA2A8FB25" box="[429,490,1231,1257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, which is why we move it to the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C2914F9FF9CFF8653FCFB1FA70BFB25" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1932" box="[973,1097,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Euthraulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8653FCFB1FA70BFB25" box="[973,1097,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Euthraulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and regard
<taxonomicName id="4C2914F9FF9CFF8654E7FB1FA6DEFB25" authorityName="Kluge &amp; Jacobus" authorityYear="2015" box="[1238,1436,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Monochoroterpes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8654E7FB1FA6DEFB25" box="[1238,1436,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Monochoroterpes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the objective synonym of
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF8651F2FB23A117FAC1" box="[451,597,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Monophyllus</emphasis>
) to be subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C2914F9FF9CFF865398FB23A767FAC1" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1932" box="[937,1061,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Euthraulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DB368FF9CFF865398FB23A767FAC1" box="[937,1061,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Euthraulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>