treatments-xml/data/03/80/7C/03807C0AFFABFF83FF76FD67FE63C84E.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

429 lines
44 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="FB55E2C38F891B300E8A2A3808E14794" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3717.3.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c6f4cacb-d734-46dd-ae17-16db9fd2e4dd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="221964" ID-ZooBank="E36EF14C-0311-4CE2-B4D7-B4D3A621AFDE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460683980613" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nel, André, Escuillie, François &amp; Garrouste, Romain" docDate="2013" docId="03807C0AFFABFF83FF76FD67FE63C84E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03717p400.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3717 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Araripescolia magnifica Nel, Escuillie &amp; Garrouste, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="398" masterDocId="FFB90472FFAAFF80FFE1FFCBFFEBCF01" masterDocTitle="A new scoliid wasp in the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation in Brazil (Hymenoptera: Scoliidae)" masterLastPageNumber="400" masterPageNumber="395" pageNumber="396" updateTime="1698350947153" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="F943F590E8090953D1D6F9F58A0049CA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="D5D5524A137854DC129B0775ABE640AB">
<mods:title id="4C3331DA4364123A250B4BB9BFF27EBD">A new scoliid wasp in the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation in Brazil (Hymenoptera: Scoliidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C8C6B533539075CF478BD9FAEF74EF8B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="ED701E4A497685543761A75615FF4021">
<mods:roleTerm id="52C82944E384FAAECB25B49832283621">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8F6B7C45CBD94C2F6BD8577A34204740">Nel, André</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="83745419048F1F380165ABB0C7EDB559" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DD585A2D0CFB3AB112671E6AF632077F">
<mods:roleTerm id="6CBBDEB11075A6CF2A58F92C1BCB94CF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1F0487CF2880080414ABCB1CC5AFF9E9">Escuillie, François</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="70B4E5495D716B2E1E5B922B73D2BE41" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B5D93DF599F3A94F5AFB8FBA230722C3">
<mods:roleTerm id="DB175AE136F24164DD50C699C3170F79">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="28190A1B1ED90731EEFC3A886B855A1A">Garrouste, Romain</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="1B759160C8324E0B95CB2B9D36C52BC9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="AF4B4F40710946FE20A3B22828CC205D" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="3522575E15A021CE092C51FF6B47D601">
<mods:title id="7EE0ECEC966320C232AB564F76E507FB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="39CD5C92621A372971B0095E767BFBF0">
<mods:date id="3806DD48C2D4FB08538325CF4DE7FCFD">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E3D2CDE69D00AA744F7A31593407DC61" type="volume">
<mods:number id="3FB5DB6709B4C567E7A9CB0FBC28F3AE">3717</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A5405A2BB6184531C187599380B5F0A6" type="issue">
<mods:number id="EBEC62AB5B71CACA6A82EFE55E11C743">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="C08F1074F44735994FA0B19F51EC829A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="BD2598548C97F4896A9F79D1A0775182">395</mods:start>
<mods:end id="400DC913AC1D0B744A3A09CFD63B1839">400</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="18F6F02B631F373D667A8FA09A920478">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E1010A3EF339D32D2549E5E70BF21DA7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3717.3.10</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3AF59D5EE723225A8EA1896F8C868F24" type="GBIF-Dataset">c6f4cacb-d734-46dd-ae17-16db9fd2e4dd</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="477A99512D776836730CE2B47AD876CC" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="50BB206F73D5CB8FB25E2C164F795638" type="Zenodo-Dep">221964</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0FDC29BB9101579F63CAEF88FDEEE16B" type="ZooBank">E36EF14C-0311-4CE2-B4D7-B4D3A621AFDE</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03807C0AFFABFF83FF76FD67FE63C84E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6151490" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119577628" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6151490" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03807C0AFFABFF83FF76FD67FE63C84E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03807C0AFFABFF83FF76FD67FE63C84E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<subSubSection id="C3339E97FFABFF81FF76FD67FEE1CDE9" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFABFF81FF76FD67FC93CDC6" blockId="1.[151,888,684,744]" box="[151,888,684,711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<heading id="D0DE7A70FFABFF81FF76FD67FC93CDC6" bold="true" box="[151,888,684,711]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF76FD67FC93CDC6" bold="true" box="[151,888,684,711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FF76FD67FCE5CDC6" authority="Nel, Escuillie &amp; Garrouste" authorityName="Nel, Escuillie &amp; Garrouste" box="[151,782,684,711]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnifica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF76FD67FE50CDC7" bold="true" box="[151,443,684,710]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Araripescolia magnifica</emphasis>
Nel, Escuillie &amp; Garrouste
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EAC75FFABFF81FCFAFD66FC93CDC6" box="[795,888,685,711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFABFF81FF76FD04FEE1CDE9" blockId="1.[151,888,684,744]" box="[151,266,719,744]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
(
<figureCitation id="1312D199FFABFF81FF7EFD04FEEACDE9" box="[159,257,719,744]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[151,249,1641,1663]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,249,1250,1272]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,249,1178,1200]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,697,1619]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,265,1228]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,193,1156]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,697,1620]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,265,1229]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1157]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Araripescolia magnifica gen. et sp. nov., holotype specimen WDC-CCFB- 7, photograph of habitus. Scale bar = 10 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Araripescolia magnifica gen. et sp. nov., holotype specimen WDC-CCFB- 7, photograph of fore wing apex. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Araripescolia magnifica gen. et sp. nov., holotype specimen WDC-CCFB- 7, photograph of hind wing. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/221965/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/221966/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/221967/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Figs 13</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3339E97FFABFF81FF76FCDCFE19CC55" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFABFF81FF76FCDCFE19CC55" blockId="1.[151,1437,791,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF76FCDCFF14CC31" bold="true" box="[151,255,791,816]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Material</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="549273BEFFABFF81FEECFCDCFE9ECC31" box="[269,373,791,816]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
specimen WDC-CCFB-7 (a complete body with four wings and two legs), Wyoming Dinosaur Center-Crato, Wyoming,
<collectingCountry id="F33E8D8CFFABFF81FE52FCF7FE04CC55" box="[435,495,828,852]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">USA</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3339E97FFABFF81FF26FC94FEE6CCC1" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFABFF81FF26FC94FB7CCC79" blockId="1.[151,1437,791,2005]" box="[199,1175,863,888]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF26FC94FEADCC79" bold="true" box="[199,326,863,888]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Etymology</emphasis>
. Named after the wonderful state of preservation of the wings of this fossil.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFABFF81FF26FC4FFEE6CCC1" blockId="1.[151,1437,791,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF26FC4FFE65CC9C" bold="true" box="[199,398,900,925]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Age and outcrop</emphasis>
. Chapada do Araripe, northeastern
<collectingCountry id="F33E8D8CFFABFF81FCFEFC4FFC8CCC9C" box="[799,871,900,925]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Brazil</collectingCountry>
; Upper Aptian, Nova Olinda member of the Crato formation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3339E97FFABFF81FF26FC07FDE3CCE4" box="[199,520,972,997]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFABFF81FF26FC07FDE3CCE4" blockId="1.[151,1437,791,2005]" box="[199,520,972,997]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF26FC07FED1CCE4" bold="true" box="[199,314,972,997]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F33E8D8CFFABFF81FEA9FC07FE8CCCE5" box="[328,359,972,996]" name="American Samoa" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">As</collectingCountry>
for the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3339E97FFABFF81FF26FC24FE4FC901" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFABFF81FF26FC24FE4FC901" blockId="1.[151,1437,791,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF26FC24FEBACB09" bold="true" box="[199,337,1007,1032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Description</emphasis>
. Head length
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FE13FC3BFDA1CB06" box="[498,586,1008,1032]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
,
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FDB6FC3BFD45CB06" box="[599,686,1008,1032]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
wide, mesosoma
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FC9BFC3BFC3ACB06" box="[890,977,1008,1032]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="7.4">7.4 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FBF8FC3BFB9ACB06" box="[1049,1137,1008,1032]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="7.1">7.1 mm</quantity>
wide, metasoma
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FAD6FC3BFA77CB06" box="[1335,1436,1008,1032]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.29" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="12.9">12.9 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FF37FBDFFEC6CB2D" box="[214,301,1044,1069]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="5.8">5.8 mm</quantity>
wide; fore wing
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FE0AFBDFFDA4CB2D" box="[491,591,1044,1069]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.61" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="16.1">16.1 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FD74FBDFFD00CB2D" box="[661,747,1044,1069]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="5.8">5.8 mm</quantity>
wide; hind wing
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FC4EFBDFFBF8CB2D" box="[943,1043,1044,1068]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="10.9">10.9 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FBB8FBDFFB44CB2D" box="[1113,1199,1044,1069]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
wide; head mediumsized and suboval; eyes large but poorly preserved; details of head structures not clear; antennae long, curved, with separation between distal segments indistinct; scape enlarged; pedicel small; mesosoma large; pronotum short medially; scutellum inversely trapezoidal; metanotum short; propodeum broad; wings hyaline, presence of longitudinally wrinkled structures of apical parts of fore and hind wings; fore wing with pterostigma narrow, widened apicad, slightly sclerotised; costal vein confluent before pterostigma; radial vein uninterrupted; basal section of
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FEEEFB26FEC0CA05" box="[271,299,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Rs</emphasis>
as long as that of
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FDE0FB26FDF3CA05" box="[513,536,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">M</emphasis>
; no vestigial 1
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FD22FB26FD07CA05" box="[707,748,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">r-rs</emphasis>
; distal section of
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FC5AFB26FC3CCA05" box="[955,983,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Rs</emphasis>
sigmoidal,
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FBBFFB27FB5ECA05" box="[1118,1205,1260,1284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
long; crossvein
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FA93FB26FA70CA05" box="[1394,1435,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">r-rs</emphasis>
short, straight; veins 3
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FE77FADAFE56CA29" box="[406,445,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">r-m</emphasis>
and 2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FDE6FADAFDD4CA29" box="[519,575,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">m-cu</emphasis>
present; veins 1
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FD1DFADAFCDECA29" box="[764,821,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">m-cu</emphasis>
and 2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FC9DFADAFC5FCA29" box="[892,948,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">m-cu</emphasis>
ending in cell 1+2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FB6EFADAFB40CA29" box="[1167,1195,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Rs</emphasis>
; anterior side of cell 1+2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF22FAFEFF34CA4D" box="[195,223,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Rs</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFABFF81FF0AFAFFFEADCA4D" box="[235,326,1332,1357]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long; cell 2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FE3AFAFFFE10CA4D" box="[475,507,1332,1356]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">R1</emphasis>
1.5 times as long as pterostigma, three times as long as wide, with apex not contiguous with wing margin; cell 3
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FDC8FA92FDAECA71" box="[553,581,1369,1392]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Rs</emphasis>
closed, nearly as long as wide;
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FC47FA92FC33CA71" box="[934,984,1369,1392]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">cu-a</emphasis>
aligned with basal section of
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FAC2FA92FAD1CA71" box="[1315,1338,1369,1392]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">M</emphasis>
, slightly shorter than basal section of
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FE3BFAB6FE1ACA95" box="[474,497,1405,1428]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">M</emphasis>
; cell 2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FDDEFAB6FD8BCA95" box="[575,608,1405,1428]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Cu</emphasis>
nearly parallel-sided, with sides arcuate; hind wing with
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FB07FAB6FAE9CA95" box="[1254,1282,1405,1428]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Rs</emphasis>
short beyond 1
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF44FA6AFF27CAB9" box="[165,204,1441,1464]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">r-m</emphasis>
; 1
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF0AFA6AFEF9CAB9" box="[235,274,1441,1464]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">r-m</emphasis>
long and curved; cell 1
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FDC0FA6AFDD6CAB9" box="[545,573,1441,1464]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Rs</emphasis>
closed, longer than wide;
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FC8AFA6AFC76CAB9" box="[875,925,1441,1464]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">cu-a</emphasis>
postfurcal, long sigmoidal and oblique to A; metasoma long (longer than head and thorax combined), somewhat constricted between 1st and 2nd segments; sting not clearly visible.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3339E97FFABFF82FF26F9C7FDC2CD85" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFABFF81FF26F9C7FC8EC991" blockId="1.[151,1437,791,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF26F9C7FEAEC924" bold="true" box="[199,325,1548,1573]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Discussion</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FEB2F9C7FE06C924" box="[339,493,1548,1573]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FEB2F9C7FE06C924" box="[339,493,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FE15F9C7FDB6C924" bold="true" box="[500,605,1548,1573]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26EAC75FFABFF81FE15F9C7FDB6C924" box="[500,605,1548,1573]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has a fore wing venation very similar to that of an Archaeoscoliinae (very similar to that of the Mesozoic genera
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FDAFF9E4FD04C949" box="[590,751,1583,1608]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Archaeoscolia</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1993 or
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FC35F9E4FBBDC949" box="[980,1110,1583,1608]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Cretoscolia</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1993) (Rasnitsyn 1993), in the following points: fore wing cell 2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FD7FF99FFD55C96D" box="[670,702,1620,1644]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">R1</emphasis>
long; cell 3
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FCA1F99EFCB7C96D" box="[832,860,1621,1644]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Rs</emphasis>
closed; crossvein
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FBC9F99EFBBAC96D" box="[1064,1105,1621,1644]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">r-rs</emphasis>
short, straight; crossveins 3
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FA69F99EFF40C991" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">rm</emphasis>
and 2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF0EF9B2FECCC991" box="[239,295,1657,1680]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">m-cu</emphasis>
present; hind wing
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FDE7F9B2FDC9C991" box="[518,546,1657,1680]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Rs</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FDB9F9B2FD84C991" box="[600,623,1657,1680]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">M</emphasis>
very long before
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FCD7F9B2FCB5C991" box="[822,862,1657,1680]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">r-m</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFABFF81FF26F957FDABC9FD" blockId="1.[151,1437,791,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF26F957FE3CC9B4" box="[199,471,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
Cretoscolia
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FEB7F957FE3CC9B4" box="[342,471,1692,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Campsomeris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">brasiliensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is the unique described Archaeoscoliinae from Araripe, it is much smaller than
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FF76F974FEDAC9D9" box="[151,305,1727,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FF76F974FEDAC9D9" box="[151,305,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and it has not the longitudinally wrinkled structure of the apical parts of the fore wings, clearly visible in
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FEE4F92FFDD7C9FD" authority="(Osten 2007)" baseAuthorityName="Osten" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[261,572,1764,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FEE4F92FFE74C9FC" box="[261,415,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Araripescolia</emphasis>
(Osten 2007)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFABFF82FF26F8CCFAA1CFF9" blockId="1.[151,1437,791,2005]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,645]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
Rasnitsyn (1993) considered the Archaeoscoliinae as a paraphyletic group in respect to the other
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FACCF8CCFA72C821" box="[1325,1433,1799,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
. Argaman (1996) considered that the Archaeoscoliinae are not
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FC6FF8E7FC1DC844" box="[910,1014,1836,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
but Anthoboscidae (=
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FACBF8E7FA72C844" box="[1322,1433,1836,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tiphiidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FF76F884FEAAC869" box="[151,321,1871,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Anthoboscinae">Anthoboscinae</taxonomicName>
) for the presence of notauli. This structure is not preserved in
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FBE7F884FB4BC869" box="[1030,1184,1871,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FBE7F884FB4BC869" box="[1030,1184,1871,1896]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Later authors did not follow Argamans opinion (Rasnitsyn &amp; Martínez-Delclòs 1999, Zhang
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FC5AF8BEFC18C88C" box="[955,1011,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">et al.</emphasis>
2002). After Pilgrim
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFABFF81FB05F8BEFAF7C88C" box="[1252,1308,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">et al.</emphasis>
(2008), the
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FF76F85CFEEAC8B1" box="[151,257,1943,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tiphiidae</taxonomicName>
is a polyphyletic group with the
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FD66F85CFCC4C8B1" box="[647,815,1943,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Anthoboscinae">Anthoboscinae</taxonomicName>
clearly not closely related to the
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FB59F85CFAC8C8B1" box="[1208,1315,1943,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
, while the
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FF76F877FF14C8D4" box="[151,255,1980,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
would belong to a clade that comprises the
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFABFF81FD0BF877FC82C8D4" box="[746,873,1980,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Formicidae</taxonomicName>
and Apoidea. Notauli are present in these two last groups, suggesting that their absence in modern
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FD54FF5CFCF6CFB1" box="[693,797,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
is an apomorphy. The plesiomorphic presence of notauli in the Archaeoscoliinae is therefore not a sufficient argument to exclude them from the scoliid lineage. It remains that a phylogenetic analysis of the
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FDFDFF14FD6FCFF9" box="[540,644,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
that integrates these fossils is necessary to clarify the situation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFA8FF82FF26FECFFDC2CD85" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
Some
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FEF5FECFFE57CE1C" box="[276,444,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Anthoboscinae">Anthoboscinae</taxonomicName>
(e.g.
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FDE6FECFFD9FCE1C" box="[519,628,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Tiphiodes</emphasis>
Brèthes, 1913) have a fore wing venation very similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FF76FEECFEDACE41" box="[151,305,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FF76FEECFEDACE41" box="[151,305,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FE90FEECFE18CE41" box="[369,499,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Cretoscolia</emphasis>
(Genise 1984).
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FD57FEECFCBBCE41" box="[694,848,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FD57FEECFCBBCE41" box="[694,848,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be attributed to the
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FB9CFEECFB0ECE41" box="[1149,1253,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
because of the presence of the typical longitudinally wrinkled structures of the apical parts of the fore and hind wings, absent in the
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FF25FEA4FEC5CE89" box="[196,302,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tiphiidae</taxonomicName>
(Day
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FE9AFEBAFE5DCE89" box="[379,438,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
1981, Argaman 1996). These structures are also absent in the archaeoscoliine genera
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FF76FE5FFEF2CEAC" box="[151,281,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Cretoscolia</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FEB2FE5FFE1FCEAC" box="[339,500,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Archaeoscolia</emphasis>
(Rasnitsyn 1993, Rasnitsyn &amp; Martínez-Delclòs 1999, Zhang 2004, Osten 2007), and badly known in the two other archaeoscoliine genera, viz. the Mesozoic
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FC0EFE7CFB9ACED1" box="[1007,1137,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Protoscolia</emphasis>
Zhang
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FB27FE72FB16CED1" box="[1222,1277,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
, 2002 and the Cenozoic
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FEEAFE17FE63CEF4" box="[267,392,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Floriscolia</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1993 (Rasnitsyn 1993, Zhang
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FC91FE16FC47CEF4" box="[880,940,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
2002).
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FBE9FE17FB49CEF4" box="[1032,1186,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FBE9FE17FB49CEF4" box="[1032,1186,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
strongly differs from Cenozoic
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FEE6FE34FE6FCD19" box="[263,388,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Floriscolia</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn,
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFA8FF82FDE6FDCBFDB7CD19" box="[519,604,511,536]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.06222" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="1993.0">1993 in</quantity>
the fore wing with apex of cell 2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FC2CFDCBFC06CD19" box="[973,1005,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">R1</emphasis>
not contiguous with wing margin, cell 3
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FF44FDEEFF2ACD3D" box="[165,193,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Rs</emphasis>
nearly as long as high, and hind wing with
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FD2BFDEEFD17CD3D" box="[714,764,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">cu-a</emphasis>
well distal of
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FC48FDEEFC00CD3D" box="[937,1003,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">M-Cu</emphasis>
fork (Rasnitsyn 1993).
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FAE3FDEFFA77CD3C" box="[1282,1436,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FAE3FDEFFA77CD3C" box="[1282,1436,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FEC7FD8CFE43CD61" box="[294,424,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Protoscolia</emphasis>
Zhang
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FDE1FD82FDD2CD61" box="[512,569,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
,
<quantity id="4CD160F9FFA8FF82FDA8FD83FD74CD61" box="[585,671,583,608]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08508" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="2002.0">2002 in</quantity>
the absence of a vestige of 1
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FC0DFD82FBFECD61" box="[1004,1045,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">r-rs</emphasis>
, and the apex of radial cell nearly aligned to 3
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FEFAFDA6FEA8CD85" box="[283,323,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">r-m</emphasis>
(Zhang
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FE43FDA6FE31CD84" box="[418,474,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
2002).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF569D94FFA8FF82FF76F9A2FF0EC99F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221965/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" targetBox="[151,1436,697,1619]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFA8FF82FF76F9A2FF0EC99F" blockId="2.[151,1435,1641,1694]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FF76F9A2FEFFC97F" bold="true" box="[151,276,1641,1663]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FEFAF9A2FDF8C97E" box="[283,531,1641,1663]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnifica">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FEFAF9A2FDF8C97E" box="[283,531,1641,1663]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Araripescolia magnifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FDFAF9A1FD50C97E" bold="true" box="[539,699,1642,1663]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
, holotype specimen WDC-CCFB-7, photograph of habitus. Scale bar = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3339E97FFA8FF83FF26F90EFE63C84E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFA8FF82FF26F90EFC3DC803" blockId="2.[151,1436,1733,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
Thus
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FEEEF90EFE42C9DF" box="[271,425,1733,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FEEEF90EFE42C9DF" box="[271,425,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be accurately attributed to the
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FC92F90EFC35C9DF" box="[883,990,1733,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
, but, if it strongly differs from the Archaeoscoliinae, its exact relationships with this group remain uncertain.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFA8FF83FF26F8C6FBD6CFD4" blockId="2.[151,1436,1733,2010]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FF26F8C6FE8AC827" box="[199,353,1805,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FF26F8C6FE8AC827" box="[199,353,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares with the Scoliinae (sensu Rasnitsyn 1993, including the Campsomerinae and Colpinae sensu Argaman 1996) the following characters: the costal vein is confluent before the pterostigma, while it is interrupted in the Proscoliinae and in Archaeoscoliinae (Rasnitsyn, pers. comm.); the radial vein is uninterrupted in the Scoliinae, while it is very narrow at the pterostigmal base in Proscoliinae and almost interrupted in some Archaeoscoliinae (Day
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA8FF82FE7EF854FE3CC8B7" box="[415,471,1949,1974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
1981, Rasnitsyn &amp; Martínez-Delclòs 1999). The character interruptions of costal and radial veins is the general rule in the clade that comprises the
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FC71F80AFC10C8DB" box="[912,1019,1985,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA8FF82FBEBF80AFB61C8DB" box="[1034,1162,1985,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Formicidae</taxonomicName>
and Apoidea. Thus the absence of interruption would rather be an apomorphic character, supporting a position of
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FB54FF5CFAA4CFB1" box="[1205,1359,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FB54FF5CFAA4CFB1" box="[1205,1359,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Scoliinae sensu Rasnitsyn (1993) and a possible basal position for the Proscoliinae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF569D94FFA9FF83FF76FB29FEFFCA16" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221966/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" targetBox="[151,1436,265,1228]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFA9FF83FF76FB29FEFFCA16" blockId="3.[151,1436,1250,1303]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FF76FB29FEF9CBF6" bold="true" box="[151,274,1250,1272]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FEF8FB29FDE4CBF9" box="[281,527,1250,1272]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnifica">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FEF8FB29FDE4CBF9" box="[281,527,1250,1272]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Araripescolia magnifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FDF7FB28FD58CBF9" bold="true" box="[534,691,1251,1272]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
, holotype specimen WDC-CCFB-7, photograph of fore wing apex. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFA9FF83FF26FAF5FD56C952" blockId="3.[151,1436,1342,1871]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FF26FAF5FE8ACA56" box="[199,353,1342,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FF26FAF5FE8ACA56" box="[199,353,1342,1367]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the Campsomerinae Betrem, 1972 (sensu Argaman 1996) (a group reduced to the two genera
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FEF9FAA9FE7FCA7A" box="[280,404,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Carbonelis</emphasis>
Betrem, 1972 and
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FD89FAA9FC61CA7A" authority="Bradley, 1951" authorityName="Bradley" authorityYear="1951" box="[616,906,1378,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Dasyscolia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FD89FAA9FD0FCA7A" box="[616,740,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Dasyscolia</emphasis>
Bradley, 1951
</taxonomicName>
), in the presence of a fore wing cell 1+2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FAA9FAA8FA8FCA7B" box="[1352,1380,1379,1402]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Rs</emphasis>
with a anterior side long and the presence of a closed cell 3
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FCE1FA4CFCF7CA9F" box="[768,796,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Rs</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FCCAFA4DFC2ECA9E" box="[811,965,1414,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FCCAFA4DFC2ECA9E" box="[811,965,1414,1439]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the modern Scoliinae (sensu Argaman, 1996) in the presence of two veins ending in cell 1+2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FC6DFA60FC43CAC3" box="[908,936,1451,1474]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Rs</emphasis>
and therefore it would rather fall near the Colpinae Argaman, 1996. Some Colpinae have long closed cells 2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FC55FA04FC38CAE6" box="[948,979,1487,1511]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">R1</emphasis>
and 3
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FBC2FA04FBD4CAE7" box="[1059,1087,1487,1510]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Rs</emphasis>
as in
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FB75FA05FAC5CAE6" box="[1172,1326,1486,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FB75FA05FAC5CAE6" box="[1172,1326,1486,1511]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but they generally differ from
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FE72FA39FDC6C90A" box="[403,557,1522,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FE72FA39FDC6C90A" box="[403,557,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in their cell 1+2
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FD14FA38FCFAC90B" box="[757,785,1523,1546]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Rs</emphasis>
with anterior side much shorter (or reduced to a point) (Betrem 1972, Argaman 1996). Unfortunately the body structures of
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FC45F9DDFBD5C92E" box="[932,1086,1558,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FC45F9DDFBD5C92E" box="[932,1086,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are not enough well preserved to be compared to those of the modern
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FDACF9F1FD52C952" box="[589,697,1594,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFA9FF83FF26F995FD00C99A" blockId="3.[151,1436,1342,1871]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">
The hind wing cell 1
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FE4DF994FE23C977" box="[428,456,1631,1654]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Rs</emphasis>
closed of
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FDDBF995FD3FC976" box="[570,724,1630,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" genus="Araripescolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95D110EFFA9FF83FDDBF995FD3FC976" box="[570,724,1630,1655]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Araripescolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is quite a rare character in Apocrita and can be considered as an autapomorphy of this taxon (Rasnitsyn, pers. comm.)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96CD1CFFA9FF83FF26F96CFE63C84E" blockId="3.[151,1436,1342,1871]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">
Most modern scoliid species are external parasitoids of soil-inhabiting scarab beetle larvae. The
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FAE9F96DFA70C9BE" box="[1288,1435,1702,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scarabaeidae</taxonomicName>
are well known in the Early Cretaceous, and dung beetles are recorded from the Crato formation (Wolf- Schwenninger &amp; Schawaller 2007) suggesting a similar biology for these Cretaceous
<taxonomicName id="4C29B69FFFA9FF83FB94F925FB0AC806" box="[1141,1249,1774,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
. Modern scoliid adults are frequently floricolous and could participate to pollination, but it is delicate to infer such behaviours for the Early Cretaceous.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>