450 lines
53 KiB
XML
450 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="21972FD885AF4A4F3488E3ED15331153" ID-CLB-Dataset="4941" ID-DOI="10.1649/0010-065X-73.4.905" ID-GBIF-Dataset="549ef63a-2c40-4e70-b360-155e111016a3" ID-ISSN="1938-4394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4790165" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1621946898888" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Hespenheide, Henry A." docDate="2019" docId="DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02" docLanguage="en" docName="TheColeopBull.73.4.905-939.pdf" docOrigin="The Coleopterists Bulletin (MIMICRY AND LAEMOSACCUS In an earlier paper (Hespenheide 1996), I presented the hypothesis that species of Laemosaccus of the L. nephele group with red humeral spots on the elytra were Batesian mimics of members of the Chrysomelidae in the subfamily Clytrinae. There is no evidence that Laemosaccus species are distasteful, and what is either L. nephele and / or L. obrieni have been reported as prey items of birds (Beal 1912). In Cave Creek Canyon, Cochise County, Arizona, 21 forms (species and “ subspecies ”) of Clytrinae were hypothesized to be the primary models of 22 species of mimics in the families Anthribidae (one species), Bruchidae (two species), Buprestidae (four species), Chrysomelidae, subfamily Cryptocephalinae (three species), Coccinellidae (six species), Curculionidae, subfamily Baridinae (one species), and Laemosaccus (five species). Of these, the coccinellids and the cryptocephaline chrysomelids are probably distasteful Mullerian co-mimics. Ecologically, the species of Laemosaccus co-occurred with their clytrine models on both desert legumes and canyon oaks, although more clytrine species occurred in the desert and more Laemosaccus species occurred in the canyons. Species of clytrines showing the mimetic pattern are common throughout Mexico (Bellamy 2003, who renamed the Mexican buprestid genus Acherusia Laporte and Gory, 1837 as Mimicoclytrina Bellamy to reflect their resemblance to clytrines), but decline in numbers of species and in the proportion of the clytrine fauna through Central America to Panama (Hespenheide 1996, fig. 2). Laemosaccus seems to follow a similar pattern. Mimicry is more common in large faunas, especially in wet tropical areas (Hespenheide 1986, 1995); because the largest clytrine fauna is in Mexico, the clytrine mimicry complex is also larger there (Hespenheide 1996). This complex has more members than I first enumerated and deserves further study. The evolution of mimicry produces resemblances between unrelated species (Laemosaccus and other putative mimics, with clytrines and perhaps other Chrysomelidae and Coccinellidae as models; see Hespenheide 1976, 1996) and selects against the divergence of related species. In Batesian mimicry - hypothesized to be the form of relationship between Laemosaccus and clytrines - the selection for precision of mimicry is stronger on the mimic (Laemosaccus), so that resemblances among them should be closer, regardless of ancestry. Close morphological resemblances based on ecology rather than ancestry may be termed mimetic homoplasy (Hespenheide 2005) and can make recognition of species difficult (as in Laemosaccus) or complicate phylogenetic analyses. I have speculated (Hespenheide 1996) that the sympatric “ subspecies ” of the clytrine models (Moldenke 1970) may in fact be reproductively isolated sibling species. It will be interesting to see whether or not genomic studies show the closeness of relationships among Laemosaccus species that the morphology suggests) 73 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-73.4.905" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D94AA43905A5ECAD3A4A280834A9134.5:TheColeopBull.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="6D94AA43905A5ECAD3A4A280834A9134" docStyleName="TheColeopBull.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Laemosaccus texanus Champion 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="934" masterDocId="27638446C7275728C07DE130FF9FFFF9" masterDocTitle="A Review of the Genus Laemosaccus Schönherr, 1826 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Mesoptiliinae) from Baja California and America North of Mexico: Diversity and Mimicry" masterLastPageNumber="939" masterPageNumber="905" pageNumber="934" updateTime="1698989715722" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="253CF6B7AFE8BD6B15FF3F6AAAFA1B43">A Review of the Genus Laemosaccus Schönherr, 1826 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Mesoptiliinae) from Baja California and America North of Mexico: Diversity and Mimicry</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="D0DD29988FE79F2ABBFDE4FDB944BA79">MIMICRY AND LAEMOSACCUS In an earlier paper (Hespenheide 1996), I presented the hypothesis that species of Laemosaccus of the L. nephele group with red humeral spots on the elytra were Batesian mimics of members of the Chrysomelidae in the subfamily Clytrinae. There is no evidence that Laemosaccus species are distasteful, and what is either L. nephele and / or L. obrieni have been reported as prey items of birds (Beal 1912). In Cave Creek Canyon, Cochise County, Arizona, 21 forms (species and “ subspecies ”) of Clytrinae were hypothesized to be the primary models of 22 species of mimics in the families Anthribidae (one species), Bruchidae (two species), Buprestidae (four species), Chrysomelidae, subfamily Cryptocephalinae (three species), Coccinellidae (six species), Curculionidae, subfamily Baridinae (one species), and Laemosaccus (five species). Of these, the coccinellids and the cryptocephaline chrysomelids are probably distasteful Mullerian co-mimics. Ecologically, the species of Laemosaccus co-occurred with their clytrine models on both desert legumes and canyon oaks, although more clytrine species occurred in the desert and more Laemosaccus species occurred in the canyons. Species of clytrines showing the mimetic pattern are common throughout Mexico (Bellamy 2003, who renamed the Mexican buprestid genus Acherusia Laporte and Gory, 1837 as Mimicoclytrina Bellamy to reflect their resemblance to clytrines), but decline in numbers of species and in the proportion of the clytrine fauna through Central America to Panama (Hespenheide 1996, fig. 2). Laemosaccus seems to follow a similar pattern. Mimicry is more common in large faunas, especially in wet tropical areas (Hespenheide 1986, 1995); because the largest clytrine fauna is in Mexico, the clytrine mimicry complex is also larger there (Hespenheide 1996). This complex has more members than I first enumerated and deserves further study. The evolution of mimicry produces resemblances between unrelated species (Laemosaccus and other putative mimics, with clytrines and perhaps other Chrysomelidae and Coccinellidae as models; see Hespenheide 1976, 1996) and selects against the divergence of related species. In Batesian mimicry - hypothesized to be the form of relationship between Laemosaccus and clytrines - the selection for precision of mimicry is stronger on the mimic (Laemosaccus), so that resemblances among them should be closer, regardless of ancestry. Close morphological resemblances based on ecology rather than ancestry may be termed mimetic homoplasy (Hespenheide 2005) and can make recognition of species difficult (as in Laemosaccus) or complicate phylogenetic analyses. I have speculated (Hespenheide 1996) that the sympatric “ subspecies ” of the clytrine models (Moldenke 1970) may in fact be reproductively isolated sibling species. It will be interesting to see whether or not genomic studies show the closeness of relationships among Laemosaccus species that the morphology suggests</mods:title>
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<treatment id="DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5213750" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184589920" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5213750" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="934" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
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<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73A5735C0BBE2FFFDD0FC1C" ID-CoL="6NS9X" authority="Champion, 1903" authorityName="Champion" authorityYear="1903" box="[198,591,975,997]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laemosaccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
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<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C0BBE2FFFE00FC1D" bold="true" box="[198,415,975,996]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Laemosaccus texanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="376230D9C73A5735C1DAE2E0FDD0FC1C" author="Champion, G. C." box="[423,591,976,997]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" pagination="280 - 288" refId="ref41055" refString="Champion, G. C. 1903. Group Laemosaccina [pp. 280 - 288]. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta, Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae Vol. IV, part 4 (F. D. Godman and O. Salvin, editors). London, UK." type="book chapter" year="1903">Champion, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="534C4D28C73A5735C134E2DAFE53FC06" blockId="29.[198,591,975,1023]" box="[329,460,1002,1023]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
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(
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<figureCitation id="CBC851ADC73A5735C12DE2DAFE3EFC06" box="[336,417,1002,1023]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="21.[175,214,1677,1696]" captionTargetBox="[161,1161,206,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[154,1169,194,1662]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs. 19–24. Laemosaccus species, dorsal and lateral views of aedeagus and paramere. 19) L. andersoni; 20) L. arizonensis; 21) L. bimaculatus; 22) L. burkei; 23) L. clytrinoides; 24) L. howdenae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790241/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Figs. 19</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CBC851ADC73A5735C1D0E2DAFE59FC06" box="[429,454,1002,1023]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="24.[197,236,1624,1643]" captionTargetBox="[183,1160,197,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-0@24.[175,1190,194,1609]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs. 25–30. Laemosaccus species. Dorsal and lateral views of aedeagus and paramere: 25) L. browerorum; 26) L. rileyi; 27) L. vaurieae; 28) L. westcotti; 29) L. peninsularis; 30) L. texanus, dorsal and lateral views of aedeagus only. 31) L. peninsularis, dorsal habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790257/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">30</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="D2526B39C73A5735C0D2E525FDC8FBD3" author="Champion, G. C." box="[175,599,1045,1066]" page="285" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" year="1903">
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<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73A5735C0D2E525FDC8FBD3" ID-CoL="6NS9X" authority="Champion 1903: 285" authorityName="Champion" authorityPageNumber="285" authorityYear="1903" box="[175,599,1045,1066]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laemosaccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
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<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C0D2E525FEE0FBD3" box="[175,383,1045,1066]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Laemosaccus texanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="376230D9C73A5735C1FAE525FDC8FBD3" author="Champion, G. C." box="[391,599,1045,1066]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" pagination="280 - 288" refId="ref41055" refString="Champion, G. C. 1903. Group Laemosaccina [pp. 280 - 288]. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta, Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae Vol. IV, part 4 (F. D. Godman and O. Salvin, editors). London, UK." type="book chapter" year="1903">Champion 1903: 285</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1BE91EA3C73A5735C0D2E57AFCC7FDC9" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="description">
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<paragraph id="534C4D28C73A5735C0D2E57AFB1DFE02" blockId="29.[151,638,1098,1730]" lastBlockId="29.[685,1173,194,1730]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
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<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C0D2E57AFE17FBA6" bold="true" box="[175,392,1098,1119]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Redescription. Male.</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C198E57AFDA8FBA6" box="[485,567,1098,1119]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C0EAE554FF7CFB80" box="[151,227,1124,1145]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
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(
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<figureCitation id="CBC851ADC73A5735C08EE554FEA3FB80" box="[243,316,1124,1145]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="21.[175,214,1677,1696]" captionTargetBox="[161,1161,206,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-1@21.[154,1169,194,1662]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs. 19–24. Laemosaccus species, dorsal and lateral views of aedeagus and paramere. 19) L. andersoni; 20) L. arizonensis; 21) L. bimaculatus; 22) L. burkei; 23) L. clytrinoides; 24) L. howdenae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790241/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
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). Robust, subcylindrical in cross section, broadly rounded behind, more abruptly and narrowly so in front, black throughout; head, pronotum, and elytra glabrous; metasternum and abdomen ventrally with punctures each with a small, inconspicuous, silvery seta, setae more slender on basal half of femora and basal margin of tergite 7. Head hemispherical,
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||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C103E42EFE49FACA" box="[382,470,1310,1331]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
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wide, rostrum rounded-terete, longitudinally rugose, medially carinate for middle third between weaker carinae on basal half, medial carina ending within V-shaped groove on apical half, groove ending at rostral apex,
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<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C0EAE493FF40FA41" box="[151,223,1443,1464]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
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long, antennae inserted at middle. Pronotum gibbous, almost box-like, convex at base, strongly, abruptly constricted before anterior margin, broadest just before middle with lateral margins very shallowly arcuate,
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<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C1F1E73DFE44F9DB" box="[396,475,1549,1570]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C25EE73DFDE1F9DB" box="[547,638,1549,1570]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="mm" value="1.45">1.45 mm</quantity>
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wide, convex in lateral view, coarsely, evenly punctate, punctures rounded and separate on basal half, becoming longitudinally confluent and parallel on anterior half, with very distinct, fine, medial carina for entire length. Elytra subequal to pronotum at base, narrowing then broadening again behind humeri,
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<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C37CE1F2FCD0FF2E" box="[769,847,194,215]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
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long,
|
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<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C3E9E1F2FC7DFF2E" box="[916,994,194,215]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
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maximum width, elytral striae much narrower than intervals, striae coarsely punctate, intervals transversely ridged and producing weakly toothed effect in lateral view. First abdominal ventrite very slightly concave and emarginate at midline at posterior margin, with setae less conspicuous. Profemora with broad, truncate, backward-projecting ventral tooth beyond middle and strong dorsal carina extending nearly to apex; mesofemora with small, acute, forward-projecting ventral tooth before middle, metafemora unarmed. Genitalia as in
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<figureCitation id="CBC851ADC73A5735C33CE0D6FC17FE02" box="[833,904,486,507]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="24.[197,236,1624,1643]" captionTargetBox="[183,1160,197,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-0@24.[175,1190,194,1609]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs. 25–30. Laemosaccus species. Dorsal and lateral views of aedeagus and paramere: 25) L. browerorum; 26) L. rileyi; 27) L. vaurieae; 28) L. westcotti; 29) L. peninsularis; 30) L. texanus, dorsal and lateral views of aedeagus only. 31) L. peninsularis, dorsal habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790257/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
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; aedeagus
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<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C38EE0D6FBD6FE02" box="[1011,1097,486,507]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.60 mm</quantity>
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long.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="534C4D28C73A5735C2B8E330FCC7FDC9" blockId="29.[685,1173,194,1730]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
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<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C2B8E330FC8AFDEC" bold="true" box="[709,789,512,533]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
As male, but rostrum proportionately somewhat longer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BE91EA3C73A5735C2B8E305FBD5FB04" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="534C4D28C73A5735C2B8E305FBD5FB04" blockId="29.[685,1173,194,1730]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C2B8E305FC39FDB3" bold="true" box="[709,934,565,586]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Specimens Examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C3CDE305FC69FD79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039315" collectingDate="1978-09-02" collectionCode="JEWC" collectorName="J. E. Wappes" country="United States of America" county="Cameron Co." location="Audubon Preserve" municipality="Sabal Palm Grove" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C3CDE305FBACFDB3" bold="true" box="[944,1075,565,586]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BE40DB8C73A5735C3CDE305FC7CFDB3" box="[944,995,565,586]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="913783CAC73A5735C38FE305FBB0FDB3" box="[1010,1071,565,586]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73A5735C440E305FD4DFD9C" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Cameron Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73A5735C29EE360FC3CFD9C" box="[739,931,592,613]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Sabal Palm Grove</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C3C9E360FBF0FD9C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C3C9E360FBF0FD9C" box="[948,1135,592,613]" country="United States of America" county="Cameron Co." municipality="Sabal Palm Grove" name="Audubon Preserve" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Texas">Audubon Preserve</location>
|
||
, 1-
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C2D0E35BFC8FFD79" box="[685,784,619,640]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1978-09-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C2D0E35BFC8FFD79" box="[685,784,619,640]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1978-09-02">2.09.1978</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C361E35BFC02FD79" box="[796,925,619,640]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">J. E. Wappes</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C3D1E35BFC70FD79" box="[940,1007,619,640]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">JEWC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C47FE35BFC52FD63" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039339" collectingDate="1980-10-26" collectionCode="FMNH" collectorName="Downie & Wappes" country="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
|
||
25-
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C45DE35BFB0FFD79" box="[1056,1168,619,640]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1980-10-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C45DE35BFB0FFD79" box="[1056,1168,619,640]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1980-10-26">26.10.1980</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C2D0E3B5FD67FD63" box="[685,760,645,666]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Downie</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C35DE3B5FCF4FD63" box="[800,875,645,666]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Wappes</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C301E3B5FC5AFD63" box="[892,965,645,666]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C3A7E3B5FCC5FD4C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039325" collectingDate="1987-10-13" collectionCode="FMNH" collectorName="Downie" country="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C3A7E3B5FBD6FD63" box="[986,1097,645,666]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1987-10-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C3A7E3B5FBD6FD63" box="[986,1097,645,666]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1987-10-13">13.10.1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, N. M.
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C2D0E390FD67FD4C" box="[685,760,672,693]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Downie</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C374E390FCCCFD4C" box="[777,851,672,693]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C31AE390FB0FFD36" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039338" collectingDate="1983-10-08" collectionCode="CMNC" collectorName="M. Kaua" country="United States of America" county="Brownsville" location="Palm Grove" municipality="Sable" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73A5735C31AE390FC42FD4C" box="[871,989,672,693]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Brownsville</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73A5735C396E390FBBFFD4C" box="[1003,1056,672,693]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Sable</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(sic.)
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C41EE390FD74FD36" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C41EE390FD74FD36" country="United States of America" county="Brownsville" municipality="Sable" name="Palm Grove" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Texas">Palm Grove</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C379E38AFCEDFD36" box="[772,882,698,719]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1983-10-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C379E38AFCEDFD36" box="[772,882,698,719]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1983-10-08">10.08.1983</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C3F6E38AFC71FD36" box="[907,1006,698,719]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">M. Kaua</collectorName>
|
||
\lbars (
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C443E38AFB16FD36" box="[1086,1161,698,719]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">CMNC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C2D0E3E5FB0FFD13" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039302" box="[685,1168,724,746]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="United States of America" location="Wickham" municipality="Brownsville" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Texas" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73A5735C2D0E3E5FCBCFD13" box="[685,803,725,746]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Brownsville</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C347E3E5FC0AFD13" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C347E3E5FC0AFD13" box="[826,917,725,746]" country="United States of America" municipality="Brownsville" name="Wickham" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Texas">Wickham</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C48F38AC73A5735C3D2E3E5FB9CFD13" box="[943,1027,725,746]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="45F586A1C73A5735C46BE3E4FBB9FD13" box="[1046,1062,724,746]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C443E3E5FB16FD13" box="[1086,1161,725,746]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C2D0E3C0FBA3FCFC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039306" box="[685,1084,752,773]" collectingDate="1969-06-24" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="Board & Hafernik" country="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C2D0E3C0FC84FCFC" box="[685,795,752,773]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1969-06-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C2D0E3C0FC84FCFC" box="[685,795,752,773]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1969-06-24">24.06.1969</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C354E3C0FCFCFCFC" box="[809,867,752,773]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Board</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C3F4E3C0FC42FCFC" box="[905,989,752,773]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Hafernik</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C390E3C0FBA8FCFC" box="[1005,1079,752,773]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C437E3C0FC9CFCC3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039326" collectingDate="1971-05-26" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="Burke & Broad & Clark" country="United States of America" location="Palmito Battle Field" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C437E3C0FCBBFCE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C437E3C0FCBBFCE6" country="United States of America" name="Palmito Battle Field" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Texas">Palmito Battle Field</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C34EE23AFC3EFCE6" box="[819,929,778,799]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1971-05-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C34EE23AFC3EFCE6" box="[819,929,778,799]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1971-05-26">26.05.1971</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C3CDE23AFC73FCE6" box="[944,1004,778,799]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Burke</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C381E23AFBA9FCE6" box="[1020,1078,778,799]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Broad</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C422E23AFB0CFCE6" box="[1119,1171,778,799]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Clark</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C2C9E215FD62FCC3" box="[692,765,805,826]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C369E215FCCFFCAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039330" collectionCode="BYU" collectorName="C. Schaeffer" country="United States of America" location="Brownsville" municipality="San Tomas" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73A5735C369E215FC19FCC3" box="[788,902,805,826]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">San Tomas</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C3EBE215FB93FCC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C3EBE215FB93FCC3" box="[918,1036,805,826]" country="United States of America" municipality="San Tomas" name="Brownsville" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Texas">Brownsville</location>
|
||
, 07.1929,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C403E215FC98FCAD" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">C. Schaeffer</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C36EE20FFCD6FCAD" box="[787,841,831,852]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0am8-rdhc" name="Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="University or college">BYU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C324E20FFBA2FC96" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039334" collectionCode="BYU" collectorName="C. Schaeffer" country="United States of America" location="Brownsville" municipality="Esperanza Rch." pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73A5735C324E20FFC70FCAD" box="[857,1007,831,852]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Esperanza Rch.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C38AE20FFBF2FCAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C38AE20FFBF2FCAD" box="[1015,1133,831,852]" country="United States of America" municipality="Esperanza Rch." name="Brownsville" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Texas">Brownsville</location>
|
||
, 18, 22, 23, 26.08.[year?]
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C306E26AFC6DFC96" box="[891,1010,858,879]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">C. Schaeffer</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C382E26AFBA9FC96" box="[1023,1078,858,879]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0am8-rdhc" name="Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="University or college">BYU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C43AE26AFBB9FC20" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039318" collectingDate="2009-06-06" country="United States of America" county="Co." latitude="25.96012" location="Massey Way" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-97.25343" municipality="Loma Unit" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hidalgo" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="913783CAC73A5735C43AE26AFB0CFC96" box="[1095,1171,858,879]" country="Mexico" name="Hidalgo" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Hidalgo</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73A5735C2D0E244FD4DFC70" box="[685,722,884,905]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
, LRGVNWR [Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge],
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B328D752C73A5735C3E3E2BFFB95FC5D" box="[926,1034,911,932]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Loma Unit</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C46AE2BFFB0BFC5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C46AE2BFFB0BFC5D" box="[1047,1172,911,932]" country="United States of America" county="Co." latitude="25.96012" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-97.25343" municipality="Loma Unit" name="Massey Way" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Hidalgo">Massey Way</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C2C8E299FD45FC47" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C2C8E299FD45FC47" box="[693,730,937,958]" country="United States of America" county="Co." latitude="25.96012" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-97.25343" municipality="Loma Unit" name="Rd." pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Hidalgo">Rd.</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="36C72BEFC73A5735C292E299FCF9FC47" box="[751,870,937,958]" degrees="25.96012" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" precision="1" value="25.96012">25.96012°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="36C72BEFC73A5735C309E299FC72FC47" box="[884,1005,937,958]" degrees="97.25343" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" precision="1" value="-97.25343">97.25343°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 5-
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C471E299FBEEFC47" box="[1036,1137,937,958]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="2009-06-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C471E299FBEEFC47" box="[1036,1137,937,958]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="2009-06-06">6.06.2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, E. Riley-1031 (TAMU-ENTO X0833809)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C44DE2F4FC9BFBD0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039328" collectingDate="2005-04-25" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="Austin, N & J. C. Abbot" country="United States of America" county="Travis Co." location="Travis Co." longitude="-30.321" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hidalgo" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73A5735C44DE2F4FB0AFC20" box="[1072,1173,964,985]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Travis Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
Camp Mabry Nat. Guard,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C39BE2EFFBCDFC0D" box="[998,1106,991,1012]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
|
||
Austin,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="36C72BEFC73A5735C43CE2EFFBCDFC0D" box="[1089,1106,991,1012]" degrees="30.321" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" precision="55" value="-30.321">N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
30.321
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="36C72BEFC73A5735C2D0E2C9FC97FBF7" box="[685,776,1017,1038]" degrees="30.321" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" precision="55" value="-30.321">W97.767</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 8-
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C35AE2C9FC07FBF7" box="[807,920,1017,1038]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="2005-04-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C35AE2C9FC07FBF7" box="[807,920,1017,1038]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="2005-04-25">25.04.2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C3D5E2C9FBBDFBF7" box="[936,1058,1017,1038]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">J. C. Abbot</collectorName>
|
||
, Malaise-C (
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C2C9E524FD61FBD0" box="[692,766,1044,1065]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C372E524FCB2FBBA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039329" collectingDate="1935-05-23" collectionCode="OSU" collectorName="J. N. Knull" country="United States of America" county="Uvalde Co." location="Uvalde" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hidalgo" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
[
|
||
<collectingCounty id="BA2D35A4C73A5735C368E524FC16FBD0" box="[789,905,1044,1065]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Uvalde Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
],
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C3E7E524FC7EFBD0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C3E7E524FC7EFBD0" box="[922,993,1044,1065]" country="United States of America" county="Uvalde Co." name="Uvalde" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Hidalgo">Uvalde</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C391E524FBC5FBD0" box="[1004,1114,1044,1065]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1935-05-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C391E524FBC5FBD0" box="[1004,1114,1044,1065]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1935-05-23">23.05.1935</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C41BE524FD7CFBBA" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">J. N. Knull</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C28FE51EFCB9FBBA" box="[754,806,1070,1091]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9iaf-dk63" name="Oklahoma State University, Collection of Vertebrates" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">OSU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C34AE51EFCC7FB81" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039333" collectingDate="1954-07-25" collectionCode="SEMC" collectorName="Univ. Kans. Mex. Expedition" country="Mexico" elevation="91" location="San Luis Potos'i" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hidalgo" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C34AE51EFBA7FBBA" bold="true" box="[823,1080,1070,1092]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BE40DB8C73A5735C34AE51EFC1BFBBA" box="[823,900,1070,1091]" name="Mexico" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C3EDE51EFBAFFBBD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C3EDE51EFBAFFBBD" box="[912,1072,1070,1092]" country="Mexico" name="San Luis Potos'i" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Hidalgo">San Luis Potos´ı</location>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="42FE540AC73A5735C442E51EFD74FBA7" location="Xilitla" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C442E51EFBE0FBBA" box="[1087,1151,1070,1091]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi.</quantity>
|
||
E Xilitla
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C285E579FCAAFBA7" box="[760,821,1097,1118]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="ft" value="300.0">
|
||
<elevation id="D8DEAA1BC73A5735C285E579FCAAFBA7" box="[760,821,1097,1118]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="ft" value="300.0">300 ft</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C33CE579FC30FBA7" box="[833,943,1097,1118]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1954-07-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C33CE579FC30FBA7" box="[833,943,1097,1118]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1954-07-25">25.07.1954</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C3C6E579FD64FB81" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Univ. Kans. Mex. Expedition</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C376E553FCCFFB81" box="[779,848,1123,1144]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34264" name="University of Kansas - Biodiversity Institute" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="Museum">SEMC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C318E553FB0FFB6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039310" collectingDate="1951-03-25" collectionCode="SEMC" collectorName="W. P. Stephen" country="Mexico" location="20 mi. SW Tampico" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamaulipas" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C318E553FC7DFB81" bold="true" box="[869,994,1123,1144]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="913783CAC73A5735C318E553FC40FB81" box="[869,991,1123,1144]" country="Mexico" name="Tamaulipas" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Tamaulipas</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C391E553FD47FB6A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C391E553FD47FB6A" country="Mexico" name="20 mi. SW Tampico" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Tamaulipas">
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C391E553FBB2FB81" box="[1004,1069,1123,1144]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="mi" value="20.0">20 mi.</quantity>
|
||
SW Tampico
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C289E54EFCFDFB6A" box="[756,866,1150,1171]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1951-03-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C289E54EFCFDFB6A" box="[756,866,1150,1171]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1951-03-25">25.03.1951</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C303E54EFBBAFB6A" box="[894,1061,1150,1171]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">W. P. Stephen</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C439E54EFB16FB6A" box="[1092,1161,1150,1171]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34264" name="University of Kansas - Biodiversity Institute" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="Museum">SEMC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C2D0E5A9FBCEFB57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039320" box="[685,1105,1177,1198]" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="Cordoba, Dr. A & Fenyes" country="Mexico" location="Veracruz" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C2D0E5A9FC8EFB57" bold="true" box="[685,785,1177,1198]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="913783CAC73A5735C2D0E5A9FC92FB57" box="[685,781,1177,1198]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C365E5A9FC32FB57" box="[792,941,1177,1198]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Cordoba, Dr. A</collectorName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C3CAE5A9FC65FB57" box="[951,1018,1177,1198]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Fenyes</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C47AE5A9FBD5FB57" box="[1031,1098,1177,1198]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">CASC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E39B4775C73A5735C427E5A9FBD9FB04" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336039327" collectingDate="1976-07-13" collectionCode="CHAH" collectorName="H. A. Hespenheide" country="Costa Rica" latitude="10.35" location="Palo Verde Sta." longLatPrecision="1298" longitude="-85.35" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guanacaste" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C427E5A9FCF4FB31" bold="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BE40DB8C73A5735C427E5A9FD41FB31" name="Costa Rica" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="913783CAC73A5735C290E583FCF8FB31" box="[749,871,1203,1224]" country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
OTS
|
||
<location id="562C1BF3C73A5735C3D6E583FBD8FB31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB5AFC3EC73A5736C0BBE2FFFDA0FE02:562C1BF3C73A5735C3D6E583FBD8FB31" box="[939,1095,1203,1224]" country="Costa Rica" latitude="10.35" longLatPrecision="1298" longitude="-85.35" name="Palo Verde Sta." pageId="29" pageNumber="934" stateProvince="Guanacaste">Palo Verde Sta.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="42FE540AC73A5735C429E583FC99FB1A" location="Ca" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC73A5735C429E583FB0CFB31" box="[1108,1171,1203,1224]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" unit="km" value="29.0">29 km</quantity>
|
||
WSW Ca
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
~ nas,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="36C72BEFC73A5735C352E5FEFC1AFB1A" box="[815,901,1229,1251]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" precision="925" value="10.35">10°21’ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="36C72BEFC73A5735C3F7E5FEFC7AFB1A" box="[906,997,1229,1251]" degrees="85" direction="west" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" precision="925" value="-85.35">85°21’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 9, 10,
|
||
<date id="274D6BE8C73A5735C458E5FEFB0FFB1A" box="[1061,1168,1230,1251]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1976-07-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="37099200C73A5735C458E5FEFB0FFB1A" box="[1061,1168,1230,1251]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" value="1976-07-13">13.07.1976</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FE0628FEC73A5735C2D0E5D8FCFBFB04" box="[685,868,1256,1277]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">H. A. Hespenheide</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73A5735C313E5D8FC4DFB04" box="[878,978,1256,1277]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(3.
|
||
<collectionCode id="35E2D5EDC73A5735C387E5D8FBDFFB04" box="[1018,1088,1256,1277]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">CHAH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BE91EA3C73A5735C2B8E433FBB2F9FE" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="534C4D28C73A5735C2B8E433FBB2F9FE" blockId="29.[685,1173,194,1730]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C2B8E433FC9BFAE1" bold="true" box="[709,772,1283,1304]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Hosts.</emphasis>
|
||
Horace Burke directed me to the following quotation from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="376230D9C73A5735C328E42DFB96FACB" author="Townsend, C. H. T." box="[853,1033,1309,1330]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" pagination="51 - 101" refId="ref41846" refString="Townsend, C. H. T. 1903. Contributions to the knowledge of the coleopterous fauna of the Lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas and Tamaulipas, with biological notes and special reference to geographical distribution. Transactions of the Texas Academy of Science 5: 51 - 101." type="journal article" year="1903">Townsend (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: “Two specimens…were taken on stalks of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73A5735C396E408FD7AFA9E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Abutilon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="holosericeum">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C396E408FD7AFA9E" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Abutilon holosericeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Santo Tomas, June 6
|
||
<superScript id="A486E060C73A5735C3B1E47DFC45FAA2" attach="none" box="[972,986,1357,1371]" fontSize="6" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">th</superScript>
|
||
. On June 18
|
||
<superScript id="A486E060C73A5735C428E47DFBFCFAA2" attach="none" box="[1109,1123,1357,1371]" fontSize="6" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">th</superScript>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="45F586A1C73A5735C40DE462FC8FFA7B" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were found in cells inside dead stalks of the same plant, and one on the stems of a live plant. The species breeds in the stalks. A specimen was taken by Wickham on a live cotton stalk, June 28
|
||
<superScript id="A486E060C73A5735C2B8E4E2FD4CFA19" attach="none" box="[709,723,1490,1504]" fontSize="6" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">th</superScript>
|
||
…” The Wickham specimen may be the one Champion made the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C48F38AC73A5735C305E4C2FC3EF9FE" box="[888,929,1522,1543]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73A5735C3BEE4C2FBB9F9FE" box="[963,1062,1522,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laemosaccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C3BEE4C2FBB9F9FE" box="[963,1062,1522,1543]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">L. texanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BE91EA3C73A5736C2B8E73EFDA0FE02" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="935" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="534C4D28C73A5736C2B8E73EFDA0FE02" blockId="29.[685,1173,194,1730]" lastBlockId="30.[173,659,194,507]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="935" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C2B8E73EFCA9F9DA" bold="true" box="[709,822,1550,1571]" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73A5735C33DE73EFB8CF9DA" box="[832,1043,1550,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Laemosaccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC73A5735C33DE73EFB8CF9DA" box="[832,1043,1550,1571]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Laemosaccus texanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the following species, as well as at least one undescribed species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BE40DB8C73A5735C350E773FCE7F9A1" box="[813,888,1603,1624]" name="Panama" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
in my collection and perhaps more than one additional species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BE40DB8C73A5735C438E76DFB0FF98B" box="[1093,1168,1629,1650]" name="Mexico" pageId="29" pageNumber="934">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, share the following characters: black coloration; profemora with dorsal carina and truncate, basally projecting tooth; and hosts in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94F336ABC73A5735C387E79DFBFCF93B" box="[1018,1123,1709,1730]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="29" pageNumber="934" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The series of
|
||
<specimenCount id="45F586A1C7395736C16CE1F2FE2EFF2E" box="[273,433,194,215]" pageId="30" pageNumber="935" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BE40DB8C7395736C187E1F2FDF7FF2E" box="[506,616,194,215]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="30" pageNumber="935">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
are tentatively included as this species; they share the tricarinate rostrum, similar male genitalia, and an herbaceous malvaceous adult host, although the rostrum of the female is proportionately somewhat longer. Among specimens from Texas, males vary in size from
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC7395736C175E051FE3DFE8F" box="[264,418,353,374]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.875" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.45" pageId="30" pageNumber="935" unit="mm" value="2.875" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="2.45">2.45 to 3.30 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean =
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC7395736C185E051FDD2FE8F" box="[504,589,353,374]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.04" pageId="30" pageNumber="935" unit="mm" value="3.04">3.04 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC7395736C22BE051FDFDFE8F" box="[598,610,353,374]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="935">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 6); females vary from
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC7395736C105E04CFDB1FE68" box="[376,558,380,401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="30" pageNumber="935" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="2.6">2.60 to 3.60 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean =
|
||
<quantity id="940BE0CDC7395736C0D0E0A6FE9AFE52" box="[173,261,406,427]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="30" pageNumber="935" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="6187913AC7395736C16CE0A6FE82FE52" box="[273,285,406,427]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="935">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 11). This species is figured in Bug- Guide (bugguide.net/node/view/915682/bgimage), as well as the tricarinate rostrum of the male bugguide.net/node/view/915686/bgimage.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |