177 lines
23 KiB
XML
177 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.968.52986" ID-GBIF-Dataset="873f585d-77da-4e41-b3f3-285e5cadfd1d" ID-PMC="PMC7511454" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-968-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0ABFD46F13B65EEE97867BC2166A59E3" ID-PubMed="33005079" ID-ZooBank="4296306E51B94873AB6F4B475194CA98" ModsDocID="1313-2970-968-1" checkinTime="1600294176945" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Egger, Christina, Neusser, Timea P., Norenburg, Jon, Leasi, Francesca, Buge, Barbara, Vannozzi, Angelo, Cunha, Regina L., Cox, Cymon J. & Joerger, Katharina M." docDate="2020" docId="9552E75B7484530DB3A0CB28BFE8EA47" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 968: 1-42" docOrigin="ZooKeys 968" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.968.52986" docTitle="Caecum strangulatum de Folin 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="0ABFD46F13B65EEE97867BC2166A59E3" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="0ABFD46F13B65EEE97867BC2166A59E3" masterDocTitle="Uncovering the shell game with barcodes: diversity of meiofaunal Caecidae snails (Truncatelloidea, Caenogastropoda) from Central America" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668169474796" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Uncovering the shell game with barcodes: diversity of meiofaunal Caecidae snails (Truncatelloidea, Caenogastropoda) from Central America</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Egger, Christina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Muenchhausenstr. 21, 81247 Munich, Germany & CCMAR, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005 - 139 Faro, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6678-2549</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">christinaegger@gmx.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Neusser, Timea P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>LMU Munich, Biocenter, Dept. II, Grosshaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Norenburg, Jon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Leasi, Francesca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Science. University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. 615 McCallie Ave. Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Buge, Barbara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 55 Rue Buffon, 75231 Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vannozzi, Angelo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Independent researcher, Via M. L. Longo 8, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cunha, Regina L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>CCMAR, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005 - 139 Faro, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cox, Cymon J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>CCMAR, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005 - 139 Faro, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Joerger, Katharina M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Muenchhausenstr. 21, 81247 Munich, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>968</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>42</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.968.52986</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.968.52986</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-968-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4296306E51B94873AB6F4B475194CA98</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">0ABFD46F13B65EEE97867BC2166A59E3</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="167616177" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9552E75B7484530DB3A0CB28BFE8EA47" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9552E75B7484530DB3A0CB28BFE8EA47" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="9552E75B-7484-530D-B3A0-CB28BFE8EA47" authority="de Folin, 1867" authorityName="de Folin" authorityYear="1867" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caecum strangulatum" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="strangulatum">Caecum cf. strangulatum de Folin, 1867</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Folin" authorityYear="1867" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caecum strangulatum" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="strangulatum">Caecum strangulatum</taxonomicName>
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de Folin, 1867: 82 (with variety
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">acuta</emphasis>
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de Folin, 1867). Type locality: Iles aux Perles, dans la baie de Panama [Pearl Islands, Panama].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Panama • 1 juv.; Achotines;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7.6349" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="7.6349">7.6349</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79.9968" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-79.9968">-79.9968</geoCoordinate>
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; depth 10 m; 6 Mar 2016; USNM Achotines2016 exped.; Stat. PA23a; DNA voucher; GenBank: MT727072, MT731727; USNM 1618884. • 1 juv. (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Caecum pulchellum A, C, E, F specimen ZSM-Mol- 20090485 B, D juvenile specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200118 A, B light microscopic pictures C, D SEM scans E close-up of mucro and F microsculpture H-K C. donmoorei, specimen USNM 1618844 H-K C. regulare, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20100321, juvenile H light microscopic picture I SEM scans J close-up of mucro and K microsculpture L-T C. cf. teres and C. cf. strangulatum L specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200033, juvenile specimen with larval shell still attached M, N, Q, S specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200032, juvenile M light microscopic picture N SEM scan Q close-up of mucro and S microsculpture O, P, R, T C. cf. strangulatum, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200038, juvenile O light microscopic picture P SEM scan R close-up of mucro and T microsculpture U-X C. cf. semilaeve, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200034 U Light microscopic picture V SEM scan W close-up of mucro and X microsculpture. Scale bars: 10 µm (F, S, T, W, X); 20 µm (J, K, Q, R); 50 µm (E); 100 µm (H, I, L-P, U, V); 200 µm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/453120" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7O, P, R, T</figureCitation>
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); same collection data as for preceding; ZSM-Mol-20200038. • 1 juv.; Achotines;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7.6207" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="7.6207">7.6207</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="80.0013" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-80.0013">-80.0013</geoCoordinate>
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; depth 12 m; 29 Feb 2016; USNM Achotines2016 exped.; Stat. PA14; DNA voucher; GenBank: MT727068, MT704287, MT731721; USNM 1618864.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="shell morphology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Shell fragile, color frosted translucent (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Caecum pulchellum A, C, E, F specimen ZSM-Mol- 20090485 B, D juvenile specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200118 A, B light microscopic pictures C, D SEM scans E close-up of mucro and F microsculpture H-K C. donmoorei, specimen USNM 1618844 H-K C. regulare, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20100321, juvenile H light microscopic picture I SEM scans J close-up of mucro and K microsculpture L-T C. cf. teres and C. cf. strangulatum L specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200033, juvenile specimen with larval shell still attached M, N, Q, S specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200032, juvenile M light microscopic picture N SEM scan Q close-up of mucro and S microsculpture O, P, R, T C. cf. strangulatum, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200038, juvenile O light microscopic picture P SEM scan R close-up of mucro and T microsculpture U-X C. cf. semilaeve, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200034 U Light microscopic picture V SEM scan W close-up of mucro and X microsculpture. Scale bars: 10 µm (F, S, T, W, X); 20 µm (J, K, Q, R); 50 µm (E); 100 µm (H, I, L-P, U, V); 200 µm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/453120" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7O</figureCitation>
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). Shape and size the same as for
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. teres" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="teres">C. cf. teres</taxonomicName>
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juvenile (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Caecum pulchellum A, C, E, F specimen ZSM-Mol- 20090485 B, D juvenile specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200118 A, B light microscopic pictures C, D SEM scans E close-up of mucro and F microsculpture H-K C. donmoorei, specimen USNM 1618844 H-K C. regulare, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20100321, juvenile H light microscopic picture I SEM scans J close-up of mucro and K microsculpture L-T C. cf. teres and C. cf. strangulatum L specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200033, juvenile specimen with larval shell still attached M, N, Q, S specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200032, juvenile M light microscopic picture N SEM scan Q close-up of mucro and S microsculpture O, P, R, T C. cf. strangulatum, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200038, juvenile O light microscopic picture P SEM scan R close-up of mucro and T microsculpture U-X C. cf. semilaeve, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200034 U Light microscopic picture V SEM scan W close-up of mucro and X microsculpture. Scale bars: 10 µm (F, S, T, W, X); 20 µm (J, K, Q, R); 50 µm (E); 100 µm (H, I, L-P, U, V); 200 µm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/453120" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7M, N</figureCitation>
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). Sculpture however appears rough and annular using light microscopy, growth lines more distinct and wavy (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Caecum pulchellum A, C, E, F specimen ZSM-Mol- 20090485 B, D juvenile specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200118 A, B light microscopic pictures C, D SEM scans E close-up of mucro and F microsculpture H-K C. donmoorei, specimen USNM 1618844 H-K C. regulare, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20100321, juvenile H light microscopic picture I SEM scans J close-up of mucro and K microsculpture L-T C. cf. teres and C. cf. strangulatum L specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200033, juvenile specimen with larval shell still attached M, N, Q, S specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200032, juvenile M light microscopic picture N SEM scan Q close-up of mucro and S microsculpture O, P, R, T C. cf. strangulatum, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200038, juvenile O light microscopic picture P SEM scan R close-up of mucro and T microsculpture U-X C. cf. semilaeve, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200034 U Light microscopic picture V SEM scan W close-up of mucro and X microsculpture. Scale bars: 10 µm (F, S, T, W, X); 20 µm (J, K, Q, R); 50 µm (E); 100 µm (H, I, L-P, U, V); 200 µm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/453120" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7T</figureCitation>
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). Septum flat, mucro narrow, finger-like (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Caecum pulchellum A, C, E, F specimen ZSM-Mol- 20090485 B, D juvenile specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200118 A, B light microscopic pictures C, D SEM scans E close-up of mucro and F microsculpture H-K C. donmoorei, specimen USNM 1618844 H-K C. regulare, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20100321, juvenile H light microscopic picture I SEM scans J close-up of mucro and K microsculpture L-T C. cf. teres and C. cf. strangulatum L specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200033, juvenile specimen with larval shell still attached M, N, Q, S specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200032, juvenile M light microscopic picture N SEM scan Q close-up of mucro and S microsculpture O, P, R, T C. cf. strangulatum, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200038, juvenile O light microscopic picture P SEM scan R close-up of mucro and T microsculpture U-X C. cf. semilaeve, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200034 U Light microscopic picture V SEM scan W close-up of mucro and X microsculpture. Scale bars: 10 µm (F, S, T, W, X); 20 µm (J, K, Q, R); 50 µm (E); 100 µm (H, I, L-P, U, V); 200 µm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/453120" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7R</figureCitation>
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). Aperture fringed as typical for a juvenile, growing specimen (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Caecum pulchellum A, C, E, F specimen ZSM-Mol- 20090485 B, D juvenile specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200118 A, B light microscopic pictures C, D SEM scans E close-up of mucro and F microsculpture H-K C. donmoorei, specimen USNM 1618844 H-K C. regulare, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20100321, juvenile H light microscopic picture I SEM scans J close-up of mucro and K microsculpture L-T C. cf. teres and C. cf. strangulatum L specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200033, juvenile specimen with larval shell still attached M, N, Q, S specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200032, juvenile M light microscopic picture N SEM scan Q close-up of mucro and S microsculpture O, P, R, T C. cf. strangulatum, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200038, juvenile O light microscopic picture P SEM scan R close-up of mucro and T microsculpture U-X C. cf. semilaeve, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200034 U Light microscopic picture V SEM scan W close-up of mucro and X microsculpture. Scale bars: 10 µm (F, S, T, W, X); 20 µm (J, K, Q, R); 50 µm (E); 100 µm (H, I, L-P, U, V); 200 µm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/453120" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7P</figureCitation>
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). Striped microsculpture consists of narrow longitudinal and interrupted emarginations, shifted against each other. Almost identical to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. teres" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="teres">C. cf. teres</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Caecum pulchellum A, C, E, F specimen ZSM-Mol- 20090485 B, D juvenile specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200118 A, B light microscopic pictures C, D SEM scans E close-up of mucro and F microsculpture H-K C. donmoorei, specimen USNM 1618844 H-K C. regulare, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20100321, juvenile H light microscopic picture I SEM scans J close-up of mucro and K microsculpture L-T C. cf. teres and C. cf. strangulatum L specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200033, juvenile specimen with larval shell still attached M, N, Q, S specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200032, juvenile M light microscopic picture N SEM scan Q close-up of mucro and S microsculpture O, P, R, T C. cf. strangulatum, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200038, juvenile O light microscopic picture P SEM scan R close-up of mucro and T microsculpture U-X C. cf. semilaeve, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200034 U Light microscopic picture V SEM scan W close-up of mucro and X microsculpture. Scale bars: 10 µm (F, S, T, W, X); 20 µm (J, K, Q, R); 50 µm (E); 100 µm (H, I, L-P, U, V); 200 µm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/453120" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7S</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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We assign the examined specimen to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Folin" authorityYear="1867" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caecum strangulatum" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="strangulatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caecum strangulatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(in the juvenile form), which was described from Pacific Panama (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10790" author="De Folin, L" journalOrPublisher="Nature methods" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B20" refString="De Folin, L, 1867. Les Meleagrinicoles, Especes Nouvelles. Societe havraise d'etudes diverses Le Havre, 96 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10790" title="Les Meleagrinicoles, Especes Nouvelles. Societe havraise d'etudes diverses Le Havre, 96 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10790" year="1867">de Folin 1867</bibRefCitation>
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) (holotype MNHN-IM-2000-4586, accessed through the online catalogue of the MNHN), due to the narrow mucro and the annular sculpture, which probably can be interpreted as the transition to a ribbed ornamentation in later life stage. The separate species status of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. strangulatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="strangulatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. strangulatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. teres" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="teres">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. teres</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see below) is not supported via our molecular species delineation (see Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Molecular based species delimitation of Central American Caecidae. Guide tree used for PTP and bPTP based on the optimal likelihood tree of the concatenated three-marker dataset. Color codes indicate our preliminary species hypothesis derived from the phylogenetic tree. Color bars reflect the species delimitation suggested by the four consulted species delimitation programs (including ML and Bayesian implementation for PTP and single and multiple threshold for GMYC). Bars are missing where no sequence data obtained." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/453117" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
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). Both are sister clades in phylogenetic analyses (see Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Optimal ML tree of the concatenated 28 S rRNA, 16 S rRNA and COI genes partitioned by genes and COI codon positions. Bootstrap values (below nodes) of the ML analysis are shown for values> 80 % and posterior probability support (above nodes) of the BI analysis are shown for values> 0.95. Specimens previously classified as Meioceras are indicated in yellow color. Smooth, translucent specimens, lacking diagnostic features and summarized in the ' Caecum glabrum - like complex' are indicated in blue. C. = Caecum, M. = Meioceras, MOTU I / MOTU II = molecular operational taxonomic unit within the ' Caecum glabrum - like complex'. Figured specimens are all to the same scale. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/453116" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
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), but the monophyly of both lineages is not reflected on mitochondrial 16S rRNA (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Molecular based species delimitation of Central American Caecidae. Guide tree used for PTP and bPTP based on the optimal likelihood tree of the concatenated three-marker dataset. Color codes indicate our preliminary species hypothesis derived from the phylogenetic tree. Color bars reflect the species delimitation suggested by the four consulted species delimitation programs (including ML and Bayesian implementation for PTP and single and multiple threshold for GMYC). Bars are missing where no sequence data obtained." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/453117" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
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). Both species can be distinguished by morphological features (i.e., a noticeably more pronounced shell structure and a slimmer mucro), but share a unique microsculptural pattern (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Caecum pulchellum A, C, E, F specimen ZSM-Mol- 20090485 B, D juvenile specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200118 A, B light microscopic pictures C, D SEM scans E close-up of mucro and F microsculpture H-K C. donmoorei, specimen USNM 1618844 H-K C. regulare, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20100321, juvenile H light microscopic picture I SEM scans J close-up of mucro and K microsculpture L-T C. cf. teres and C. cf. strangulatum L specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200033, juvenile specimen with larval shell still attached M, N, Q, S specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200032, juvenile M light microscopic picture N SEM scan Q close-up of mucro and S microsculpture O, P, R, T C. cf. strangulatum, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200038, juvenile O light microscopic picture P SEM scan R close-up of mucro and T microsculpture U-X C. cf. semilaeve, specimen ZSM-Mol- 20200034 U Light microscopic picture V SEM scan W close-up of mucro and X microsculpture. Scale bars: 10 µm (F, S, T, W, X); 20 µm (J, K, Q, R); 50 µm (E); 100 µm (H, I, L-P, U, V); 200 µm (A-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.968.52986.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/453120" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7D</figureCitation>
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). We currently lack comparative data on COI to evaluate whether the results in species delineation on 16S rRNA present a case of incomplete lineage sorting in this recent split between the two sister species or both belong to one genetically and morphologically diverse species. Due to this lack of data, we currently refrain from synonymizing the two yet existing species until more data is available to text species boundaries and the degree of intraspecific variability in shell morphology.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |