342 lines
46 KiB
XML
342 lines
46 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C5E29FABCEF2C594833BFB178AB8108C">Integrative taxonomic revision of the land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907 in Thailand, with descriptions of nine new species (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DDB86EE2DD851826A2AD570D7CA341C3">Pholyotha, Arthit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C7CC248CF321E0E69B645C7AF7DEDBF2">Biological Sciences Program, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F79C93B8F05D2F56C4FEE3A66141922C">Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D27BE6033A13BC54E2CE47091CA49684">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1CDE8557C341C80DDE5A0F4B99583B35" type="email">jirasak4@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="657AEA987C57C4CFE08944D3C2BE371C">Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="94BE2AE168E26F98A8F383BA2A93272F">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AAC58A3D81C526137B2B92CC0A5FCD50">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F726467C2BA307F697E21122F59F0AA3">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="4EDB2BE354D01EF02597712A7EC1DCF2">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FF13C2910D7391DD686D7576034912FC">976</mods:number>
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<treatment id="CB1888D71C5E5BDC8570B450FE8EAF7B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168504524" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CB1888D71C5E5BDC8570B450FE8EAF7B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB1888D71C5E5BDC8570B450FE8EAF7B" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Ariophantidae" scope_superOrder="Eupulmonata">
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<subSubSection id="640AA4CCA479792511C5E6B3ADC9E113" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E572139C3A82EB4CB365B22042400DF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="F9B2BE31EF55698546EB2D45F8B7C559" ID-CoL="79NWK" LSID="CB1888D7-1C5E-5BDC-8570-B450FE8EAF7B" authority="(Pfeiffer, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika hainesi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesi">Sarika hainesi (Pfeiffer, 1856)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="DAA2E0F494917C6F87E8D9486584EEBF" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationships among species of Sarika based on the mitochondrial COI gene sequences. Numbers by the nodes are the ML bootstrap values (left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (right); shown only for the nodes supported by ML or BI (≥ 70 % and ≥ 0.95). Each clade colour refers to a genus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B9CCBABE9732AA3B3F8CB704C3DEDA10" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Geographic distribution of Sarika bocourti, S. hainesi, S. inferospira sp. nov., S. melanospira sp. nov. and S. pellosa sp. nov. based on examined specimens herein." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 32</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="31548E98B6C858E74D518CE0A7FEC38F" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Living snails of group II: Sarika hainesi group. A Sarika bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 showing no left shell lobe (yellow arrow) B S. hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 C S. bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 D S. inferospira sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 7257 E S. melanospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7243, and F S. pellosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 33B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="586C956F817BC72526F0C49FFF64430E" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Shells of Group II: Sarika hainesi group. A-C Sarika hainesi A syntype NHMUK 20200290 and B, C specimen CUMZ 7237 D-F S. bocourti D syntype NHMUK 1893.2.4.1076 - 1077 E specimen CUMZ 7590, and F specimen CUMZ 7592." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 34A-C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="27A2AA51EEDD172E92D5B53F569BB0B5" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Genitalia. A, B Sarika hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 A general view of the genital system and B internal structure of the penis. C, D Sarika bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 C general view of the genital system and D internal structure of the penis. White arrowheads indicate the ends of the penes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464417" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 35A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="16EE0E8583D7F3B516EE99B5325699E7" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Spermatophore of Sarika hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 A general view of the spermatophore B head filament, and C-E tail filament showing C two spines located close to the sperm sac D region with and without branching spines, and E branching spines on the tip region. Yellow arrowhead indicates the end of the spines from the tip." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464418" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 36</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="5637A485C8B7A7C9790BC3D5B7961483" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Representative SEM images of the radula. A Sarika hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 B S. bocourti specimen CUMZ 7597 C S. inferospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7255 D S. melanospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7243, and E S. pellosa sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 7251. Central tooth indicated by ' C'; Yellow colour indicates lateral teeth with the transition to marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 43A</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3698917D48117B05A97E4DB3D96EDC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5852D80A39D2F90CC46A4F2C41746640" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="09EBD85512F660E16B07273678C72882" authorityName="Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix hainesi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesi">Helix hainesi</taxonomicName>
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Pfeiffer, 1856a: 32. Type locality:
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<normalizedToken id="54A2409D240D85F1D3503CCB3649DD6F" originalValue="“Siam”">"Siam"</normalizedToken>
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[Thailand];
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<bibRefCitation id="17F23C7E20C0BAEF2A29A710C507EF73" author="Pfeiffer, L" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B61" refString="Pfeiffer, L, 1856b. Novitates Conchologicae. Series prima. Mollusca extramarina. Descriptions et figures de coquilles, estramarines nouvelles, ou peu connues. Beschreibung und Abbidung neuer order kritischer Land- und Suesswasser Mollusken. Tome 1, Lief. 5-8: 49-90. [pls 13-24] [Published in parts, dates follow Johnson (1969)]" title="Novitates Conchologicae. Series prima. Mollusca extramarina. Descriptions et figures de coquilles, estramarines nouvelles, ou peu connues. Beschreibung und Abbidung neuer order kritischer Land- und Suesswasser Mollusken. Tome 1, Lief. 5 - 8: 49 - 90. [pls 13 - 24] [Published in parts, dates follow Johnson (1969)]" year="1856 b">Pfeiffer 1856b</bibRefCitation>
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: 75, 76, pl. 21, figs 1-3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E81BF14B84764325D416C2432470324" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="6B945522B1418A12BDE501F8B220F04B" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Nanina</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="AEF0831D31971C2B5C633C98E818AE92" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Orobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orobia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Orobia</taxonomicName>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="D6CF5B226A9E63449D2F237A69670495" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Orobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="hainesi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesi">hainesi</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="52760A29E079E70FFC5E82FE7C6DE3C5" author="Martens von, E" journalOrPublisher="Unpublished Master's Thesis, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B45" refString="Martens von, E, 1867. Die Preussische Expedition nach Ost-Asien. Verlag der Koeniglichen Geheimen Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei, 477 pp." title="Die Preussische Expedition nach Ost-Asien. Verlag der Koeniglichen Geheimen Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei, 477 pp." year="1867">Martens 1867</bibRefCitation>
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: 73;
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<bibRefCitation id="DC75134B65F341B62A3F47570BDDEFA2" author="Pfeiffer, L" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B64" refString="Pfeiffer, L, 1868. Monographia Heliceorum Viventium, Supplementum Tertium. Volume 5. Lipsiae: F.A. Brockhaus, 565 pp." title="Monographia Heliceorum Viventium, Supplementum Tertium. Volume 5. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 565 pp." year="1868">Pfeiffer 1868</bibRefCitation>
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: 122.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="87D62AC0BA4C39BA85944B561A96FA29" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="C765969CFE29877CF1B2EB501F565D72" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina (Macrochlamys) hainesi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesi" subGenus="Macrochlamys">Nanina (Macrochlamys) hainesi</taxonomicName>
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: Tryon 1886: 96, pl. 32, figs 36-38;
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<bibRefCitation id="648735806A19572AF7C036B3146BD653" author="Fischer, H" journalOrPublisher="In: Mission Pavie, Etudes Diverses" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="390 - 450" refId="B19" refString="Fischer, H, Dautzenberg, P, 1904. Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo- Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour. In: Mission Pavie, Etudes Diverses 3: 390 - 450" title="Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo- Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour." volume="3" year="1904">Fischer and Dautzenberg 1904</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 395.
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6BA8AA32D09BCC7E377A174E0D69F39C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="9CFF12B3B7C58508FA09477965CCA7F6" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Ariophanta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ariophanta (Macrochlamys) hainesi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesi" subGenus="Macrochlamys">Ariophanta (Macrochlamys) hainesi</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="5029FCFC0FA2E27ABC3DE3A852CF5B9C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14809" author="Fischer, P" journalOrPublisher="Imprimerie Dejussieu Pere et Fils, Autun" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B18" refString="Fischer, P, 1891. Catalogue et distribution geographique des Mollusques terrestres, fluviatiles & marins ďune partie de ľIndo-Chine (Siam, Laos, Cambodge, Cochinchine, Annam, Tonkin). Imprimerie Dejussieu Pere et Fils, Autun, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14809" title="Catalogue et distribution geographique des Mollusques terrestres, fluviatiles & marins ďune partie de ľIndo-Chine (Siam, Laos, Cambodge, Cochinchine, Annam, Tonkin)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14809" year="1891">Fischer 1891</bibRefCitation>
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: 20.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="595FF838E73EFC6E226B8CB479E85C4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<taxonomicName id="C469041CFD6B000CE3D424BBE0CA71EF" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Macrochlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrochlamys hainesi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesi">Macrochlamys hainesi</taxonomicName>
|
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="24AA9E2FE910E0EEE8260D50CBB733F8" author="Saurin, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 120" refId="B75" refString="Saurin, E, 1953. Coquilles nouvelles de ľIndochine. Journal de Conchyliologie 93: 113 - 120" title="Coquilles nouvelles de ľIndochine." volume="93" year="1953">Saurin 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 113.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B088630693C0FADFAF2328E03665DD0B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<taxonomicName id="0FE8CB94E1166B036D26244E66A5BDE0" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika hainesii" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesii">Sarika hainesii</taxonomicName>
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[sic]:
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<bibRefCitation id="E06E3C6E46ADF4CABD2EC312B4D7F38C" author="Hemmen, J" journalOrPublisher="Schriften zur Malakozoologie aus dem Haus der Natur-Cismar" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="35 - 70" refId="B31" refString="Hemmen, J, Hemmen, C, 2001. Aktualisierte Liste der terrestrischen Gastropoden Thailands. Schriften zur Malakozoologie aus dem Haus der Natur-Cismar 18: 35 - 70" title="Aktualisierte Liste der terrestrischen Gastropoden Thailands." volume="18" year="2001">Hemmen and Hemmen 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 45.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="15EAB7EF98D36C1374EEEF77831EA1F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A9E83FEF0E73A51DECB91AA4691BF941" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika hainesi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesi">Sarika hainesi</taxonomicName>
|
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:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4458DD1E3209C4C5FE18BD88EAAB6A65" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay, K" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 166" refId="B36" refString="Inkhavilay, K, Sutcharit, C, Bantaowong, U, Chanabun, R, Siriwut, W, Srisonchai, R, Pholyotha, A, Jirapatrasilp, P, Panha, S, 2019. Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1 - 166, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 82, fig. 38f.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6A5AFE8F54C93E538779926987F02AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph id="C77DE9909563170DE9E584DF87C4E4FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type mater ial.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B6D6691AC94AA6978BF9678EE5B673B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="7D9B0739AC36B3E44782A1E51357A374" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Syntype</emphasis>
|
||
NHMUK ex. Cuming collection: 20200290 (three shells; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="8BE9B1033D4359AB2D2CC31D4C11FEEA" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Shells of Group II: Sarika hainesi group. A-C Sarika hainesi A syntype NHMUK 20200290 and B, C specimen CUMZ 7237 D-F S. bocourti D syntype NHMUK 1893.2.4.1076 - 1077 E specimen CUMZ 7590, and F specimen CUMZ 7592." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34A</figureCitation>
|
||
) from Siam [Thailand].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="131A853602ECF1BDCA5CAC7A7254A2AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="25B2F1FD7E75A95F617E9B6D3C37DD8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D47DDFC0238AB906F3DE6EF3E2ED8D7C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="AB386C2D438E3C2D2BA2C82376333D64" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thailand-Northeastern.</emphasis>
|
||
Wat Tham Khao Wong, Pak Chong, Nakhon Ratchasima,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3321E6893B4924523A9B0610C99D1257" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="15.5" value="14.587639">14°35'15.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="48637106C941FCD7D72ABA787982C60F" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="33.5" value="101.34264">101°20'33.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7273. Wat Tham Thep Nimit, Pak Chong, Nakhon Ratchasima,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8C5C1B354009E89F8EBEB3113E3743D7" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="18.7" value="14.571861">14°34'18.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3DCB4DF966C887616CB3FF1D697E2FFE" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="38.5" value="101.5607">101°33'38.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7268. Wat Tham Thian Chai Chonprathan, Pak Chong, Nakhon Ratchasima,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A37BE12CEE3F791978DBBBD7BEC75831" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.5" value="14.61625">14°36'58.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AFAC5B286E62B7C36E0D5673E844ABFB" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="35.3" value="101.30981">101°18'35.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7270. Wat Thep Phithak Punnaram, Pak Chong, Nakhon Ratchasima,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2236898ABF8F3BEDAC70ED11AD4BD2E7" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.5" value="14.61625">14°36'58.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="56320144F22A3EC356E8FAD04091CE2A" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="55.9" value="101.265526">101°15'55.9"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7271. Lam Phra Phloeng area, Pak Thong Chai, Nakhon Ratchasima,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F73A122DE8BB34D04E521D6C91EE2023" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="44.0" value="14.595555">14°35'44.0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="917D40AB41F62CA8A8796CF68CA24800" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="07.4" value="101.83539">101°50'07.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7274. Wat Tham Praput, Pak Chong, Nakhon Ratchasima,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4F396619D12E952053EC9092905AFC53" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="37.5" value="14.59375">14°35'37.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3D672F075D288EDCD5197565406B7383" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="17.8" value="101.67161">101°40'17.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7269.
|
||
<emphasis id="145C28A7CEFD33C9022217E6513F709B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thailand-Eastern.</emphasis>
|
||
Pang Sida Waterfall, Watthana Nakhon, Sa Kaeo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="209FCC88BE56D5496C6F4F04FA083542" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="36.4" value="13.993444">13°59'36.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3A7B540CBED6FB53804A530FDF566489" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="21.2" value="102.20589">102°12'21.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7237 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4624E8E1C8C7103DD0B633571C230DC0" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Shells of Group II: Sarika hainesi group. A-C Sarika hainesi A syntype NHMUK 20200290 and B, C specimen CUMZ 7237 D-F S. bocourti D syntype NHMUK 1893.2.4.1076 - 1077 E specimen CUMZ 7590, and F specimen CUMZ 7592." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), 7267.
|
||
<emphasis id="41EF141D87C8B926A9FBFABA777B92FD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thailand-Central.</emphasis>
|
||
Ched Khot Waterfall, Kaeng Khoi, Saraburi,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5F0A779C4FD9306CD8F973E06AB42DBD" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="22.3" value="14.47286">14°28'22.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="611BF65DC14202B318363864EA9C08FC" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="01.7" value="101.16714">101°10'01.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7272.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="38BC34509E3AF3BD4845CF39790C5FBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="A9D92B7406E8EBFD1482AEB2D58760B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E3CCE034E701C0DD0CDB3674FD050499" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell large, depressed, obtusely angulated body whorl. Animal with pale grey body and four mantle lobes. Genitalia with a large and straight epiphallic caecum, and a triangular prism shape of penial pilasters. Spermatophore with irregularly obtuse-serrate longitudinal ridges with numerous pores on the head filament, tail filament with two spines and more than ca. half of its length with series of long branching spines.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1C050246E5E6CAF08A67E29B41588324" doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464419" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 37" startId="F37">
|
||
<paragraph id="40B1532F263991F30D3ADB7AB1A4DC53" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="13B02A329DDEFD1D652736F22CF8AC2B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 37.</emphasis>
|
||
Spermatophore of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F47ECC86F82963D63A18CF92AEAC859C" baseAuthorityName="Morelet" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika bocourti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bocourti">
|
||
<emphasis id="6D0E70C2C74C5074F42E3F05BBE851CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika bocourti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 7591
|
||
<emphasis id="C286994692272395B35686CD364C5E7D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
general view of the spermatophore
|
||
<emphasis id="3A627C2F573DB09E9DC7AB93D7060D08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
head filament, and
|
||
<emphasis id="220D305D0A906ACECD08FEF96834A749" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C-E</emphasis>
|
||
tail filament showing
|
||
<emphasis id="1E61301D03AE58B226656C64FAE41052" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
two spines located close to the sperm sac
|
||
<emphasis id="965D442EF8E8520AF14BF9D694FF2F8A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
branching spines on middle region
|
||
<emphasis id="C840401BA336D7C07D31DDAE70ECA3DE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
branching spines on the tip region. Yellow arrowhead indicates the end of the spines from the tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EA41200F5A5EDA713C43C5447469EAFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="7DF5236B1081B188A07119BE5D350DCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="14A0E59E1D54F54D53C99ABA7FA7178D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="820B65073AB22670D85638C0B84E196E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="E2995DD2ED520DE536D7B3895F2C4053" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Shell depressed, large size (shell width up to 28.1 mm, shell height up to 14.9 mm) and rather thin. Shell surface smooth and polished; shell colour pale yellowish brown to pale brown. Whorls 6-7, size increasing regularly; body whorl large and obtusely angled. Spire moderately elevated; suture impressed. Aperture crescent-shaped and obliquely opened. Peristome simple. Columellar margin simple and slightly reflected near umbilicus. Umbilicus narrowly opened (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="E8B45D2A55CD8823270B2290A0318F38" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Shells of Group II: Sarika hainesi group. A-C Sarika hainesi A syntype NHMUK 20200290 and B, C specimen CUMZ 7237 D-F S. bocourti D syntype NHMUK 1893.2.4.1076 - 1077 E specimen CUMZ 7590, and F specimen CUMZ 7592." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464416" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9CCF77310F3BFF1B077238839A062484" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A91987D52092E700DAFC47909498D01" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="DCED02320AE9EDCF53FBAE0E13CE8B72" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genital organs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Atrium short. Penis cylindrical with thin penial sheath covering proximal penis. Inner sculpture of penis proximally more than ca. half of penial chamber with very finely longitudinal penial pilasters to nearly smooth surface, and then gradually transformed from small to large rhomboid pilasters with acute angle on top (triangular prism). Epiphallus cylindrical, approximately one and half times total penis length, and narrower than penis. Epiphallic caecum short, straight, same diameter as proximal epiphallus, and located near middle of epiphallus. Penial retractor muscle thin and attached at tip of epiphallic caecum. Flagellum long slender and almost as long as penis. Vas deferens thin tube connecting distal epiphallus and free oviduct (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="DA329DDEF6E8A56DCB466BCFFC8AE7EF" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Genitalia. A, B Sarika hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 A general view of the genital system and B internal structure of the penis. C, D Sarika bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 C general view of the genital system and D internal structure of the penis. White arrowheads indicate the ends of the penes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464417" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="085E7CB71F0FC104A4FEBD8D262D4E87" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Vagina cylindrical and slightly shorter than penis. Dart apparatus enlarged, long cylindrical and located on atrium at vagina and penis junction. Gametolytic sac enlarged and bulbous (with spermatophore inside); gametolytic duct long and cylindrical. Free oviduct cylindrical, approximately as long as vagina, and proximal end encircled with thick tissue (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="E14103DA3F27EDE27A9F467ACFA100D0" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Genitalia. A, B Sarika hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 A general view of the genital system and B internal structure of the penis. C, D Sarika bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 C general view of the genital system and D internal structure of the penis. White arrowheads indicate the ends of the penes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464417" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2533FDB5BC7430D054717D3D62F02250" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Spermatophore long and needle-shaped. Sperm sac enlarged and elongate-oval. Head filament gourd shape and irregularly obtuse-serrate longitudinal ridges with numerous pores (sponge-like). Tail filament very long tube; region near sperm sac with two spines. Spine I located on same base with spine II, short and simple. Spine II large, long and very complicated branching into many spinules. Region furthest away smooth and without spine; terminal part (more than ca. half of its length) with series of long branching spines arranged in an arrow or encircled tail filament tip (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6A6C06BBD287E8F6B42D4A530436B407" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Spermatophore of Sarika hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 A general view of the spermatophore B head filament, and C-E tail filament showing C two spines located close to the sperm sac D region with and without branching spines, and E branching spines on the tip region. Yellow arrowhead indicates the end of the spines from the tip." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464418" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE4791FB8583A501F36497674BB8E77A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CFA104BBA62481D98D70479BB3E4DF1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0F14E229AE1A9A4E6AB41179E96BACD3" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Radula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radula" order="Limida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB8B9B1D8F2C5C9AC32EF2048C398CE7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Teeth with half row formula: 1-(10-11)-61. Central tooth symmetrically tricuspid; lateral teeth asymmetrically tricuspid; marginal teeth elongated and bicuspid. Marginal teeth starting at approximately row number 10 or 11 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="53CF53D394594F7C18C53F64B9A2F94C" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Representative SEM images of the radula. A Sarika hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 B S. bocourti specimen CUMZ 7597 C S. inferospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7255 D S. melanospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7243, and E S. pellosa sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 7251. Central tooth indicated by ' C'; Yellow colour indicates lateral teeth with the transition to marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BB454AA76B51B8013304E33A2D154669" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9D6D5461624CB51629C9AC6CA969E4D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="78D9E45902E09F803DC9AE1DAB86D3D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">External features</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Animal with reticulated skin and pale grey body. Mantle edge well developed, pale grey, with one shell lobe, and three dorsal lobes. Dorsal lobes large and broad; anterior and posterior left dorsal lobes smaller than right dorsal lobe. Right shell lobe large and long and left shell lobe absent (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5FD9274B60C8E03078FAE77F3466698D" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Living snails of group II: Sarika hainesi group. A Sarika bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 showing no left shell lobe (yellow arrow) B S. hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 C S. bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 D S. inferospira sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 7257 E S. melanospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7243, and F S. pellosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1EEC36500042AE0A994E83FD1469FF6C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="43A5FA6673944B7B40614688835AFD8D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4DD4ABE9ECD2F1398655B0F37C5073C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
This species is known only from the Dong Phaya Yen and Sankamphaeng Ranges in Saraburi and Nakhon Ratchasima provinces (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="30F86564966A0C169A97098C14B1FE15" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Geographic distribution of Sarika bocourti, S. hainesi, S. inferospira sp. nov., S. melanospira sp. nov. and S. pellosa sp. nov. based on examined specimens herein." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464414" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="91541F1645952203459493187B54E123" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="coi analysis">
|
||
<paragraph id="55036496D623AC3A5C23F5798283A03A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COI analysis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC06EDF83D959B02F069BBC312D50FEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The ML and BI analyses revealed that the individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B9F03399136348EF63FE36122E4518C" lsidName="S. hainesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5BA4D2A9A3CBD783D2B574E60BB686EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n = 3) formed a monophyletic group with high support (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="94B4AE837927C719F8D01AAAA02B9DB2" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationships among species of Sarika based on the mitochondrial COI gene sequences. Numbers by the nodes are the ML bootstrap values (left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (right); shown only for the nodes supported by ML or BI (≥ 70 % and ≥ 0.95). Each clade colour refers to a genus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
|
||
; BS = 96%, PP = 1). The mean intraspecific genetic distance of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BB0D2410DC7DAFD9ECC90ABB15FB1CE7" lsidName="S. hainesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="004A0D7FC27BF9BA8A37BD20D6CEB8A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was 2.4% (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="53344D740245A00ECF98986BD532C690" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Mean intra-specific and inter-specific genetic divergences among species of Sarika from the mitochondrial COI gene sequences estimated by the K 2 P model. Taxa in bold are the new species described herein." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/13BDBDF714F2FAA17ADB274D839659A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="13BDBDF714F2FAA17ADB274D839659A1">2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6F2CD8A6E4C954318458194B3390C5FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="E7D2F97A2D2F57DBBB951D027C00EE12" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="08F79AEF3347B0BF3A54CC5F9BA9083E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="855576EC42E65BB5500F3DD0790BA68B" lsidName="S. hainesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EACB8AD981388A1EF55B08E9B47BAE3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was recorded simply as
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EC93A0FA926CAC6E7F2D061E29430436" originalValue="“Siam”">"Siam"</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D578F50A541FD029F5E4F06897232CBB" author="Pfeiffer, L" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B61" refString="Pfeiffer, L, 1856b. Novitates Conchologicae. Series prima. Mollusca extramarina. Descriptions et figures de coquilles, estramarines nouvelles, ou peu connues. Beschreibung und Abbidung neuer order kritischer Land- und Suesswasser Mollusken. Tome 1, Lief. 5-8: 49-90. [pls 13-24] [Published in parts, dates follow Johnson (1969)]" title="Novitates Conchologicae. Series prima. Mollusca extramarina. Descriptions et figures de coquilles, estramarines nouvelles, ou peu connues. Beschreibung und Abbidung neuer order kritischer Land- und Suesswasser Mollusken. Tome 1, Lief. 5 - 8: 49 - 90. [pls 13 - 24] [Published in parts, dates follow Johnson (1969)]" year="1856 b">Pfeiffer (1856b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 76) stated that the described specimens were received from W.A. Haines. Although Haines had never visited Thailand, he described four land snail species from Thailand based on materials sent by the American physician S.R. House (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A734FD2DE2B9B5592CF6869D6DBFB9B2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1858.tb00358.x" author="Haines, WA" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="157 - 158" refId="B28" refString="Haines, WA, 1858. Descriptions of four new species of terrestrial shells from Siam. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York 6: 157 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1858.tb00358.x" title="Descriptions of four new species of terrestrial shells from Siam." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1858.tb00358.x" volume="6" year="1858">Haines 1858</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 157-158). We presumed that the Cuming ex. Haines specimen (syntype) was also received from S.R. House who lived in Bangkok from 1847-1876 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EE0C195E223B521882527C731071B0D4" author="Feltus, GH" journalOrPublisher="Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates, Sunderland" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B17" refString="Feltus, GH, 1924. The Man with the Gentle Heart Samuel Reynolds House of Siam, Pioneer Medical Missionary, 1847-1876. Fleming H. Revell Company USA, 256 pp." title="The Man with the Gentle Heart Samuel Reynolds House of Siam, Pioneer Medical Missionary, 1847 - 1876. Fleming H. Revell Company USA, 256 pp." year="1924">Feltus 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Therefore, the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1E06BF80E7AC90CF8EAB7D13E69D3FF" lsidName="S. hainesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="6EE75C6BA9A97050B173F07966455DA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from central Thailand is the most likely. In addition, the specimen from central Thailand (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A1B926B3BB23E67659E2F9F80A0BD38E" lsidName="S. hainesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="34CDB8F17CED0A3C68398942C8F2DAB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. s.) matched the syntypes in almost all the shell characters; however, the genitalia obviously differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2824FB011A964E67792AA52D5DD33BF4" lsidName="S. hainesii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hainesii">S. aff. hainesii</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AE790E40767F5A85E40E3D439F8F2CBB" author="Solem, A" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 110" refId="B82" refString="Solem, A, 1966. Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand. Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis 24: 1 - 110" title="Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand." volume="24" year="1966">Solem (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from northern Thailand (Chiang Mai Province). We consider the northern Thailand populations as misidentified and propose them here as an undescribed species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65C3D083D267EF90969433F0BC1972AD" lsidName="S. solemi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solemi">
|
||
<emphasis id="D8035416D2A298C791C1C14B2C05C207" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. solemi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. Moreover, the COI sequence divergences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57D5B2D53F8A83DD9B34A0B8FF3E85F1" lsidName="S. hainesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="3E32B4938C0B297794CEFD07E447B746" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A07C7DBABB1057E3DCBD86C577C69CE" lsidName="S. solemi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solemi">
|
||
<emphasis id="2A626C08101EC3649E68CC65BF2F2CDD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. solemi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. are very high (10.2%).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="67B8059C6B09B6976A35F61155125871" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97F1CBFAA9B7B6944B779EF958206D4E" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika hainesi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B22EA8F17B5D1A3661725C2EE7E7CB52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first reported from Thailand (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A07268C5D766ECE471C6DDC68B7243E3" author="Pfeiffer, L" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="32 - 36" refId="B60" refString="Pfeiffer, L, 1856a. Descriptions of twenty-five new species of land-shells, from the collection of H. Cuming, Esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 24: 32 - 36" title="Descriptions of twenty-five new species of land-shells, from the collection of H. Cuming, Esq." volume="24" year="1856 a">Pfeiffer 1856a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and then from Laos (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="514E0FDAC4621F0768C5FB404C2F5DB8" author="Saurin, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 120" refId="B75" refString="Saurin, E, 1953. Coquilles nouvelles de ľIndochine. Journal de Conchyliologie 93: 113 - 120" title="Coquilles nouvelles de ľIndochine." volume="93" year="1953">Saurin 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="01253921C4E160BBC9F8388439CF46B9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay, K" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 166" refId="B36" refString="Inkhavilay, K, Sutcharit, C, Bantaowong, U, Chanabun, R, Siriwut, W, Srisonchai, R, Pholyotha, A, Jirapatrasilp, P, Panha, S, 2019. Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1 - 166, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, the specimens from Laos are shells only, and so the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FD9654DBDD579FD3BBD4574470E95EAF" lsidName="S. hainesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="695FC6B5010173FE74C5F19FCF212AFD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. s. in Laos still needs to be confirmed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |