397 lines
47 KiB
XML
397 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.79.55832" ID-GBIF-Dataset="643aa4ce-bb60-4117-b536-5e30316ccb77" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-79-169" ID-Pensoft-UUID="374E3FB4B427519099FE9EFD5B6AE61D" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4255283" ID-ZooBank="9AF2643B484E4367845E20772317FCFF" ModsDocID="1314-2607-79-169" checkinTime="1604097820964" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Taylor, Christopher K., Barthelemy, Christophe, Chi, Roy Cheung Shun & Guenard, Benoit" docDate="2020" docId="F7911021C99A5A89B2FABACEA78A0B31" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 79: 169-211" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 79" docPubDate="2020-10-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.79.55832" docTitle="Psenulus ephippius Taylor & Barthélémy & Chi & Guénard 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="1FA5CE44-CE84-4CEA-A73C-D53257CDF1CF" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="374E3FB4B427519099FE9EFD5B6AE61D" lastPageNumber="169" masterDocId="374E3FB4B427519099FE9EFD5B6AE61D" masterDocTitle="Review of Psenulus species (Hymenoptera, Psenidae) in the Hong Kong SAR, with description of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="211" masterPageNumber="169" pageNumber="169" updateTime="1678754602857" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Review of Psenulus species (Hymenoptera, Psenidae) in the Hong Kong SAR, with description of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Taylor, Christopher K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China & School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia & School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Barthelemy, Christophe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8234-6237</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Sai Kung, Hong Kong, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">chb99@netvigator.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Chi, Roy Cheung Shun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Guenard, Benoit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2020-10-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>79</mods:number>
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<mods:start>169</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.79.55832</mods:url>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168745863" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1FA5CE44-CE84-4CEA-A73C-D53257CDF1CF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F7911021C99A5A89B2FABACEA78A0B31" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/1FA5CE44-CE84-4CEA-A73C-D53257CDF1CF" authority="Taylor & Barthélémy & Chi & Guénard, 2020" authorityName="Taylor & Barthélémy & Chi & Guénard" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Psenidae" genus="Psenulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psenulus ephippius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippius" status="sp. nov.">Psenulus ephippius</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="169">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Females, lateral habitus 4 A P. carinifrons rohweri 4 B P. continentis 4 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 4 D P. gibbus sp. nov., holotype 4 E P. maculatus maculatus 4 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469584" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Figs 4C-4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Males, lateral habitus of males 5 A P. carinifrons rohweri 5 B P. continentis 5 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 5 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 5 E P. maculatus maculatus 5 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469585" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Females, head in frontal view 6 A P. carinifrons rohweri 6 B P. continentis 6 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 6 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 6 E P. maculatus maculatus 6 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469586" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Males, head in frontal view 7 A P. carinifrons rohweri 7 B P. continentis 7 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 7 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 7 E P. maculatus maculatus 7 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469587" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Females, head in dorsal view 8 A P. carinifrons rohweri 8 B P. continentis 8 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 8 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 8 E P. maculatus maculatus 8 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469588" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 8</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Males, head in dorsal view 9 A P. carinifrons rohweri 9 B P. continentis 9 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 9 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 9 E P. maculatus maculatus 9 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469589" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 9</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Females, mesosoma in dorsal view 10 A P. carinifrons rohweri 10 B P. continentis 10 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 10 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 10 E P. maculatus maculatus 10 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469590" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 10</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Males, mesosoma in dorsal view 11 A P. carinifrons rohweri 11 B P. continentis 11 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 11 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 11 E P. maculatus maculatus 11 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469591" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 11</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Females, mesopleuron 12 A P. carinifrons rohweri 12 B P. continentis 12 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 12 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 12 E P. maculatus maculatus 12 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469592" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 12</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Males, mesopleuron 13 A P. carinifrons rohweri 13 B P. continentis 13 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 13 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 13 E P. maculatus maculatus 13 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469593" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Females, propodeum in dorsal view 14 A P. carinifrons rohweri 14 B P. continentis 14 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 14 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 14 E P. maculatus maculatus 14 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469594" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 14</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Males, propodeum in dorsal view 15 A P. carinifrons rohweri 15 B P. continentis 15 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 15 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 15 E P. maculatus maculatus 15 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469595" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 15</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Females, posterior tergites in dorsal view 16 A P. carinifrons rohweri 16 B P. continentis 16 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 16 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 16 E P. maculatus maculatus 16 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469596" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 16</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Males, posterior tergites in dorsal view 17 A P. carinifrons rohweri 17 B P. continentis 17 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 17 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 17 E P. maculatus maculatus 17 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype. paratype 17 F P. gibbus sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469597" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 17C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Females, dorsobasal view of hind tibiae and hind wings. 18 A, 18 B Psenulus carinifrons rohweri; 18 C, 18 D P. continentis 18 E, 18 F P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 18 G, 18 H P. gibbus sp. nov., holotype 18 I, 18 J P. maculatus maculatus 18 K, 18 L P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469598" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 18E, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Males, dorsobasal view of hind tibiae and hind wings 19 A, 19 B Psenulus carinifrons rohweri 19 C, 19 D P. continentis 19 E, 19 F P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 19 G, 19 H P. gibbus sp. nov., holotype 19 I, 19 J P. maculatus maculatus 19 K, 19 L P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469599" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 19E, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Females, frontal view of clypeus 20 A P. carinifrons rohweri 20 B P. continentis 20 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 20 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 20 E P. maculatus maculatus 20 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469600" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 20C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Males, frontal view of clypeus 21 A P. carinifrons rohweri 21 B P. continentis 21 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 21 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 21 E P. maculatus maculatus 21 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469601" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 21C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
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In its entirely black mesosoma (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Females, lateral habitus 4 A P. carinifrons rohweri 4 B P. continentis 4 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 4 D P. gibbus sp. nov., holotype 4 E P. maculatus maculatus 4 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469584" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">4C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Males, lateral habitus of males 5 A P. carinifrons rohweri 5 B P. continentis 5 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 5 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 5 E P. maculatus maculatus 5 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469585" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">5C</figureCitation>
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) with a polished horizontal area behind the propodeal enclosure (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Females, propodeum in dorsal view 14 A P. carinifrons rohweri 14 B P. continentis 14 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 14 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 14 E P. maculatus maculatus 14 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469594" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">14C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Males, propodeum in dorsal view 15 A P. carinifrons rohweri 15 B P. continentis 15 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 15 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 15 E P. maculatus maculatus 15 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469595" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">15C</figureCitation>
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), narrow interantennal carina (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Females, head in frontal view 6 A P. carinifrons rohweri 6 B P. continentis 6 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 6 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 6 E P. maculatus maculatus 6 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469586" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">6C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Males, head in frontal view 7 A P. carinifrons rohweri 7 B P. continentis 7 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 7 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 7 E P. maculatus maculatus 7 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469587" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">7C</figureCitation>
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), and indistinct pygidial plate (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Females, posterior tergites in dorsal view 16 A P. carinifrons rohweri 16 B P. continentis 16 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 16 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 16 E P. maculatus maculatus 16 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469596" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">16C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Males, posterior tergites in dorsal view 17 A P. carinifrons rohweri 17 B P. continentis 17 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 17 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 17 E P. maculatus maculatus 17 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype. paratype 17 F P. gibbus sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469597" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">17C</figureCitation>
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), this species comes closest to the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="F. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1858" class="Insecta" family="Psenidae" genus="Psenulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psenulus crabroniformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crabroniformis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Psenulus crabroniformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group as defined by van
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<bibRefCitation author="Lith, JP van" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 117" refId="B15" refString="Lith, JP van, 1962. Contribution to the knowledge of the Indo-Australian Pseninae (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae). Part II. Psenulus Kohl, 1896. Zoologische Verhandelingen 52: 1 - 117" title="Contribution to the knowledge of the Indo-Australian Pseninae (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae). Part II. Psenulus Kohl, 1896." volume="52" year="1962">Lith (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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. However, the species assigned to that group,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. crabroniformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crabroniformis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. crabroniformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Smith, 1858) of western Indonesia and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. philippinensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philippinensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. philippinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Rohwer, 1921) of the Philippines, have a well-developed subantennal carina in the female (in contrast to the notably weak carina in the current species), and the first recurrent vein is received by the first submarginal cell as opposed to being interstitial to first and second submarginal cell.
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="F. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1858" class="Insecta" family="Psenidae" genus="Psenulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psenulus crabroniformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crabroniformis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Psenulus crabroniformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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further differs in having the antennal scape yellow whereas
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. philippinensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philippinensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. philippinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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possesses a pair of well-developed frontal tubercles (van
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<bibRefCitation author="Lith, JP van" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 117" refId="B15" refString="Lith, JP van, 1962. Contribution to the knowledge of the Indo-Australian Pseninae (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae). Part II. Psenulus Kohl, 1896. Zoologische Verhandelingen 52: 1 - 117" title="Contribution to the knowledge of the Indo-Australian Pseninae (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae). Part II. Psenulus Kohl, 1896." volume="52" year="1962">Lith 1962</bibRefCitation>
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), both absent in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ephippius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippius">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. ephippius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. The new species also resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. decipiens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
van Lith, 1976 in overall coloration and lack of antennal tyloids in the male but the latter species has longer prescutal sutures, as long as the scutum, and the position of the first recurrent vein is as in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. crabroniformis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crabroniformis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. crabroniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. philippinensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philippinensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. philippinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="4255293" doi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469593" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Figure 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Males, mesopleuron
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">13A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. carinifrons subsp. rohweri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="carinifrons" subSpecies="rohweri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. carinifrons rohweri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">13B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. continentis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="continentis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. continentis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">13C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ephippius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippius">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. ephippius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., paratype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">13D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. gibbus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. gibbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.; paratype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">13E</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="maculatus" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. maculatus subsp. maculatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="maculatus" subSpecies="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. maculatus maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">13F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. pallens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., paratype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-04-06" collectingDateMax="2019-04-20" collectingDateMin="2019-04-06" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectorName="C. Barthelemy, C. Hy." country="China" elevation="60" latitude="22.368334" location="Mang Kung Wo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="114.253334" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F7911021C99A5A89B2FABACEA78A0B31:833C3521639361CCEB7138F5D0EE054D" country="China" latitude="22.368334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="114.253334" name="Mang Kung Wo">Mang Kung Wo</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="06" value="22.368334">22°22'06"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="114.253334">114°15'12"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="60.0">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2019-04-06" valueMax="2019-04-20" valueMin="2019-04-06">06-20 Apr. 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
C.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Barthélémy">Barthelemy</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectingMethod>Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
, ref.: M407.
|
||
<collectorName>C.Hy.</collectorName>
|
||
2; CAS
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" collectorName="Apr., C. Hy." country="China" elevation="60" latitude="22.368334" location="Mar." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="114.253334" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Paratypes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; ibid.; 31
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F7911021C99A5A89B2FABACEA78A0B31:5C37F0B028BA9C92CB480738ED982EC9" country="China" latitude="22.368334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="114.253334" name="Mar.">Mar.</location>
|
||
-14
|
||
<collectorName>Apr.</collectorName>
|
||
18; ibid.; ref.: M339.
|
||
<collectorName>C.Hy.</collectorName>
|
||
4; CBC
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-04-28" collectingDateMax="2018-05-12" collectingDateMin="2018-04-28" collectorName="Apr. & C. Hy." country="Hong Kong" elevation="60" latitude="22.368334" location="Mar." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="114.253334" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; ibid.;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2018-04-28" valueMax="2018-05-12" valueMin="2018-04-28">28 Apr.-12 May 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
; ibid.; ref.: M345CHy4; [specimen destroyed at mounting]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-04-20" collectingDateMax="2019-05-04" collectingDateMin="2019-04-20" collectorName="C. Hy." country="Hong Kong" elevation="60" latitude="22.368334" location="Mar." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="114.253334" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; ibid;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2019-04-20" valueMax="2019-05-04" valueMin="2019-04-20">20 Apr.-04 May 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
; ibid.; ref.: M411.
|
||
<collectorName>C.Hy.</collectorName>
|
||
2; CAS
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-04-11" collectingDateMax="2020-05-25" collectingDateMin="2020-04-11" collectorName="C. Hy." country="Hong Kong" elevation="60" latitude="22.368334" location="Mar." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="114.253334" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; ibid.;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2020-04-11" valueMax="2020-05-25" valueMin="2020-04-11">11 Apr.-25 May 2020</collectingDate>
|
||
; ibid.; ref.: M483.
|
||
<collectorName>C.Hy.</collectorName>
|
||
3; CBC
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="standard ratios">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Standard ratios.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Males</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 1): L = 7.00 mm; CR = 1.28; OOR = 0.89; FLR = 1.1; FRR = 0.79; MR = 1.58; OMR = 0.95; PR = 0.68; PFR = 1.18. Females (n = 3): L = 7.4-7.9 mm (mean = 7.7 mm); CR = 1.27-1.3 (mean = 1.29); OOR = 0.73-0.75 (mean = 0.73); FLR = 1.63-1.73 (mean = 1.66); FRR = 0.70-0.85 (mean = 0.80); MR = 1.49-1.77 (mean = 1.68); OMR = 0.89-0.9 (mean = 0.89); PR = 0.30-0.36 (mean = 0.34); PFR = 1.15-1.19 (mean = 1.17).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Male</emphasis>
|
||
: Antenna without tyloids. Clypeus (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Males, frontal view of clypeus 21 A P. carinifrons rohweri 21 B P. continentis 21 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 21 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 21 E P. maculatus maculatus 21 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469601" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">21C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two blunt ventral teeth separated by a rounded emargination, remainder of clypeal margin more or less straight on the first two-fifths and terminated by a flattened lobe on the last two-fifths of the margin. Subantennal carina well developed; interantennal carina narrow, not broadened dorsally. Mesoscutum moderately punctate with small punctures separated by at least their own diameter (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Males, mesosoma in dorsal view 11 A P. carinifrons rohweri 11 B P. continentis 11 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 11 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 11 E P. maculatus maculatus 11 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469591" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">11C</figureCitation>
|
||
); prescutal sutures short, not extending beyond anterior level of tegula; episternal sulcus broadly foveolate, mesopleural suture with small fovea on dorsal half; propodeal enclosure with marked fovea (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Males, propodeum in dorsal view 15 A P. carinifrons rohweri 15 B P. continentis 15 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 15 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 15 E P. maculatus maculatus 15 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469595" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">15C</figureCitation>
|
||
); propodeum laterally and posteriorly coarsely reticulate, dorsally narrowly polished with very small and largely interspaced punctures (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Males, propodeum in dorsal view 15 A P. carinifrons rohweri 15 B P. continentis 15 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 15 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 15 E P. maculatus maculatus 15 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469595" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">15C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Petiole subcylindrical; T1 swollen (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Females, lateral habitus 4 A P. carinifrons rohweri 4 B P. continentis 4 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 4 D P. gibbus sp. nov., holotype 4 E P. maculatus maculatus 4 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469584" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fore wing (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Males, dorsobasal view of hind tibiae and hind wings 19 A, 19 B Psenulus carinifrons rohweri 19 C, 19 D P. continentis 19 E, 19 F P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 19 G, 19 H P. gibbus sp. nov., holotype 19 I, 19 J P. maculatus maculatus 19 K, 19 L P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469599" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">19F</figureCitation>
|
||
) with first recurrent vein interstitial or reaching second submarginal cell near base, second recurrent vein reaching third submarginal cell at about one-sixth (0.17
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
) of cell length from base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Head entirely black with appressed silvery pubescence (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Males, head in frontal view 7 A P. carinifrons rohweri 7 B P. continentis 7 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 7 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 7 E P. maculatus maculatus 7 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469587" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">7C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Males, head in dorsal view 9 A P. carinifrons rohweri 9 B P. continentis 9 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 9 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 9 E P. maculatus maculatus 9 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469589" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">9C</figureCitation>
|
||
); antenna with scape dark brown, venter of pedicel and venter of flagellum of a lighter brown, dorsum of pedicel and remainder of flagellum dark brown; mandible black on the apical third and basal sixth, the remainder yellow. Mesosoma entirely black (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Males, lateral habitus of males 5 A P. carinifrons rohweri 5 B P. continentis 5 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 5 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 5 E P. maculatus maculatus 5 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469585" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Femurs, trochanters and coxae black, tibiae and tarsi light brown/yellow. Petiole mostly black, distally red/orange; remainder of gaster mostly reddish but T2-T5 and S3-S7 with large dark brown/black areas (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Males, lateral habitus of males 5 A P. carinifrons rohweri 5 B P. continentis 5 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 5 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 5 E P. maculatus maculatus 5 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469585" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Female</emphasis>
|
||
: Clypeus ventrally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Females, frontal view of clypeus 20 A P. carinifrons rohweri 20 B P. continentis 20 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 20 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 20 E P. maculatus maculatus 20 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469600" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">20C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two blunt/rounded teeth, separated by a deep rounded emargination, the remainder of the clypeal margin forming a shallow concavity extending across half of margin and terminated on last third with a blunt lobe intersecting eye margin; dorsal margin flattened on central third of transverse length of clypeus, the remainder reaching ventral margin along a shallow convex line. Subantennal carina weak, extending about one-third of distance between interantennal carina and eye; interantennal carina narrow, not broadened dorsally. Mesoscutum moderately punctate with small punctures separated by at least their own diameter (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Males, mesosoma in dorsal view 11 A P. carinifrons rohweri 11 B P. continentis 11 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 11 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 11 E P. maculatus maculatus 11 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469591" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">11C</figureCitation>
|
||
); prescutal sutures short, not extending beyond anterior level of tegula; episternal sulcus and mesopleural suture narrowly foveolate along entire length (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Females, mesopleuron 12 A P. carinifrons rohweri 12 B P. continentis 12 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 12 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 12 E P. maculatus maculatus 12 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469592" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">12C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Propodeum laterally and posteriorly weakly reticulate, dorsal half polished with very small and largely interspaced punctures (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Females, propodeum in dorsal view 14 A P. carinifrons rohweri 14 B P. continentis 14 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 14 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 14 E P. maculatus maculatus 14 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469594" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">14C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal part of hind tibia, normal, no polished area and no small denticles dorsobasally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Females, dorsobasal view of hind tibiae and hind wings. 18 A, 18 B Psenulus carinifrons rohweri; 18 C, 18 D P. continentis 18 E, 18 F P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 18 G, 18 H P. gibbus sp. nov., holotype 18 I, 18 J P. maculatus maculatus 18 K, 18 L P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469598" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">18E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Petiole subcylindrical; tergum I low (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Males, lateral habitus of males 5 A P. carinifrons rohweri 5 B P. continentis 5 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 5 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 5 E P. maculatus maculatus 5 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469585" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pygidial plate with very faint medial carina extending about half length of T6 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Females, posterior tergites in dorsal view 16 A P. carinifrons rohweri 16 B P. continentis 16 C P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 16 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; holotype 16 E P. maculatus maculatus 16 F P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469596" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">16C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fore wing (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Males, dorsobasal view of hind tibiae and hind wings 19 A, 19 B Psenulus carinifrons rohweri 19 C, 19 D P. continentis 19 E, 19 F P. ephippius sp. nov., holotype 19 G, 19 H P. gibbus sp. nov., holotype 19 I, 19 J P. maculatus maculatus 19 K, 19 L P. pallens sp. nov., holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469599" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">19F</figureCitation>
|
||
) with first recurrent vein interstitial or reaching second submarginal cell near base, second recurrent vein reaching third submarginal cell at about one-sixth (0.17
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
) of cell length from base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Head entirely black with appressed silvery pubescence (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Males, head in frontal view 7 A P. carinifrons rohweri 7 B P. continentis 7 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 7 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 7 E P. maculatus maculatus 7 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469587" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">7C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Males, head in dorsal view 9 A P. carinifrons rohweri 9 B P. continentis 9 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 9 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 9 E P. maculatus maculatus 9 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469589" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">9C</figureCitation>
|
||
); antenna entirely dark brown/black. Mandible yellow on basal half and then gradually darkening to become black at the apex. Mesosoma entirely black (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Males, lateral habitus of males 5 A P. carinifrons rohweri 5 B P. continentis 5 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 5 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 5 E P. maculatus maculatus 5 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469585" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Femurs, trochanters and coxae black, tibiae and tarsi light brown/yellow except hind tibia dark brown/black. Petiole mostly black, distally red/orange; remainder of metasoma mostly reddish but T2-T5 and S3-S7 with large dark brown/black areas (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Males, lateral habitus of males 5 A P. carinifrons rohweri 5 B P. continentis 5 C P. ephippius sp. nov., paratype 5 D P. gibbus sp. nov.; paratype 5 E P. maculatus maculatus 5 F P. pallens sp. nov., paratype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469585" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Species named as a toponomy in reference to the mountain facing the type locality, Ma On Shan or Horse Saddle Mountain in Chinese (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">ephippium</emphasis>
|
||
= saddle in Latin).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
This species has only been recorded so far from one site in the SAR, at Mang Kung Wo which presents the highest anthropogenic disturbance of all our sampled sites. It remains uncommon, having only been recorded from five specimens since the beginning of continuous sampling at this site in March 2018. This species has apparently the shortest activity period of all Hong Kong
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Psenidae" genus="Psenulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psenulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Psenulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and is recorded from end of March (W13) to September (W37).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="4255295" doi="10.3897/jhr.79.55832.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/469594" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Females, propodeum in dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">14A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. carinifrons subsp. rohweri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="carinifrons" subSpecies="rohweri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. carinifrons rohweri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">14B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. continentis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="continentis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. continentis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">14C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ephippius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippius">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. ephippius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">14D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. gibbus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. gibbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.; holotype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">14E</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="maculatus" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. maculatus subsp. maculatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="maculatus" subSpecies="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. maculatus maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">14F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. pallens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">P. pallens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |