359 lines
29 KiB
XML
359 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1156-15" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F69BA4B7B96A5036B4B4962D1005B3C9" ID-ZooBank="D11B957A1BD54594872CCB6D9E0858EC" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1156-15" checkinTime="1679703513506" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Carrington-Hoekstra, Pomona, Fernandez-Triana, Jose, Dyer, Lee A. & Whitfield, James" docDate="2023" docId="A87235964DB9568EBDE177CD13912ED9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1156: 15-24" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1156" docPubDate="2023-03-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396" docTitle="Larissimus nigricans Carrington-Hoekstra & Whitfield 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="D333F68F-7921-4E3E-A9FC-6A4D23BD8E18" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="F69BA4B7B96A5036B4B4962D1005B3C9" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="F69BA4B7B96A5036B4B4962D1005B3C9" masterDocTitle="Larissimus nigricans sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), a new reared species of a rare neotropical genus recovered through biodiversity inventory in Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1679703513506" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Larissimus nigricans sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), a new reared species of a rare neotropical genus recovered through biodiversity inventory in Ecuador</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Carrington-Hoekstra, Pomona</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1936-0359</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fernandez-Triana, Jose</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-0309</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, ON K 1 A 0 C 6 Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dyer, Lee A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0867-8874</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Whitfield, James</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3031-9106</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jwhitfie@life.illinois.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-03-24</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1156</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>15</mods:start>
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<mods:end>24</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1156-15</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D11B957A1BD54594872CCB6D9E0858EC</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">F69BA4B7B96A5036B4B4962D1005B3C9</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D333F68F-7921-4E3E-A9FC-6A4D23BD8E18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A87235964DB9568EBDE177CD13912ED9" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/D333F68F-7921-4E3E-A9FC-6A4D23BD8E18" authority="Carrington-Hoekstra & Whitfield" authorityName="Carrington-Hoekstra & Whitfield" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Larissimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Larissimus nigricans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricans" status="sp. nov.">Larissimus nigricans Carrington-Hoekstra & Whitfield</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="15">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Larissimus nigricans sp. nov., male A lateral habitus B proximal regions of left antenna C dorsal view, head and mesosoma D dorsal view, propodeum and metasoma E wings F emerged cocoon." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829225" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Fig. 1A-F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Holotype male.</emphasis>
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Body length 5.5 mm: fore wing length 5.4 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Color</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Larissimus nigricans sp. nov., male A lateral habitus B proximal regions of left antenna C dorsal view, head and mesosoma D dorsal view, propodeum and metasoma E wings F emerged cocoon." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829225" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">1A</figureCitation>
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). Dark chestnut-brown, nearly black except: lighter brown clypeus, labrum, lateroventral portions of pronotum and propleuron, hind margin of propodeum, most of fore and mid legs and hind femur; whitish palpi, mid coxa, distoventral portions of hind coxa, anterior half and posterior margin of first metasomal tergite and lateral portions of metasomal tergites and sternites.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829225" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Carrington-Hoekstra & Whitfield" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Larissimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Larissimus nigricans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Larissimus nigricans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., male
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
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lateral habitus
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">B</emphasis>
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proximal regions of left antenna
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C</emphasis>
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dorsal view, head and mesosoma
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">D</emphasis>
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dorsal view, propodeum and metasoma
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">E</emphasis>
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wings
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">F</emphasis>
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emerged cocoon.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Head</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Larissimus nigricans sp. nov., male A lateral habitus B proximal regions of left antenna C dorsal view, head and mesosoma D dorsal view, propodeum and metasoma E wings F emerged cocoon." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829225" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">1B, C</figureCitation>
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). Antenna slender and roughly same length as body; placodes on flagellomeres roughly arranged in somewhat disorganized rows (typically three proximally). Face and eyes moderately setose, less so in an area posterior to the antenna and anterior to the ocelli. Labrum large and contrastingly colored (pale against a dark frons), with indentation dividing the labrum into a smaller dorsal section and larger ventral section. Ocelli arranged in low triangle (anterior edge of lateral ocelli on more or less same transverse line as posterior edge of anterior ocellus); lateral ocellus slightly truncated laterally due to overlapping cuticle.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Larissimus nigricans sp. nov., male A lateral habitus B proximal regions of left antenna C dorsal view, head and mesosoma D dorsal view, propodeum and metasoma E wings F emerged cocoon." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829225" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">1A, C, D</figureCitation>
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). Pronotum laterally mostly smooth and hairless with setae mostly confined dorsal portion; ventral groove broad and smooth, dorsal groove indistinct. Mesoscutum convex, nearly smooth over most of surface with denser setae and faint punctation anteriorly and laterally. Scutellum smooth, convex, and subtriangular. Mesopleuron hairless centrally, with smooth shallow concavity in posterior half. Propodeum smooth with sharply defined medial carina over entire length.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Wings</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Larissimus nigricans sp. nov., male A lateral habitus B proximal regions of left antenna C dorsal view, head and mesosoma D dorsal view, propodeum and metasoma E wings F emerged cocoon." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829225" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">1E</figureCitation>
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). Fore wing areolet of moderate size, strongly triangular. Vein 2r exiting the pterostigma at nearly a right angle (vs much more strongly angled to distal end in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. cassander" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="cassander">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">L. cassander</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and straight to juncture with 1Rs. Height and length of triangular areolet nearly equal. Hind wing: Cu and cu-a bending slightly distally/
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<normalizedToken originalValue="”outward”">"outward"</normalizedToken>
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at juncture with M + Cu. Vein 3M as strong as 2M. Vein r vaguely spectral or absent. 2r-m weak, unpigmented.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Legs</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Larissimus nigricans sp. nov., male A lateral habitus B proximal regions of left antenna C dorsal view, head and mesosoma D dorsal view, propodeum and metasoma E wings F emerged cocoon." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829225" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">1A, D</figureCitation>
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). Middle leg: inner tibial spur much longer than outer and nearly as long as basitarsus. Hind leg: proximal end of femur marked with a very narrow light band (matching trochanter); tibial spurs both long, inner longer than outer and roughly 0.75 as long as basitarsus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Metasoma</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Larissimus nigricans sp. nov., male A lateral habitus B proximal regions of left antenna C dorsal view, head and mesosoma D dorsal view, propodeum and metasoma E wings F emerged cocoon." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829225" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">1D</figureCitation>
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, known only from male): tergite I smooth, more than twice as long as broad (narrowest just before midlength), with medial groove strongest anteriorly. Tergite II smooth, strongly triangular and longer than maximum width, more than twice as broad posteriorly as anteriorly. Laterotergites strongly whitish and matching lateral band of white on Tergite III and more posterior tergites. Tergite III rectangular over posterior half but with anterolateral corners angled; central third polished and slightly raised and set off from more setose lateral portions by longitudinal grooves. Tergites IV-V roughly rectangular with a small medial patch of hairlessness surrounded by light setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Female.</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">The two males available are extremely similar despite arising from different rearings in different years. The paratype male is slightly larger than the holotype.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="cocoon">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Cocoon</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Larissimus nigricans sp. nov., male A lateral habitus B proximal regions of left antenna C dorsal view, head and mesosoma D dorsal view, propodeum and metasoma E wings F emerged cocoon." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829225" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">1F</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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White, bluntly oval, spun from dense silk with loose strands externally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="host">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Hosts.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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Unidentified species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Ardonea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ardonea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Ardonea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Walker (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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, subfamily
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Arctiinae">Arctiinae</taxonomicName>
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, tribe
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Billberg" authorityYear="1820" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="tribe" tribe="Lithosiini">Lithosiini</taxonomicName>
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) caterpillar (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Host and host plant of L. nigricans sp. nov. A parasitized caterpillar of lithosiine (Arctiinae, Erebidae) moth on Chusquea leaf B unparasitized caterpillar of the same species, showing healthy color, and from which the adult was reared and identified as Ardonea sp. C a stand of Chusquea scandens Kunth from which the host caterpillars were reared." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829226" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">2A, B</figureCitation>
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) feeding on
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea scandens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Chusquea scandens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kunth (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1822" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
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), a common and widespread Andean bamboo (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Host and host plant of L. nigricans sp. nov. A parasitized caterpillar of lithosiine (Arctiinae, Erebidae) moth on Chusquea leaf B unparasitized caterpillar of the same species, showing healthy color, and from which the adult was reared and identified as Ardonea sp. C a stand of Chusquea scandens Kunth from which the host caterpillars were reared." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829226" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">2C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829226" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Host and host plant of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. nigricans" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="nigricans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">L. nigricans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
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parasitized caterpillar of lithosiine (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Arctiinae">Arctiinae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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) moth on
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1822" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Chusquea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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leaf
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">B</emphasis>
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unparasitized caterpillar of the same species, showing healthy color, and from which the adult was reared and identified as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Ardonea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ardonea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Ardonea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C</emphasis>
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a stand of
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea scandens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Chusquea scandens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kunth from which the host caterpillars were reared.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-02-12" country="Ecuador" elevation="218" latitude="-0.5833" location="Yanayacu Biological Station" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8978" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Napo Prov." typeStatus="Holotype">
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|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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|
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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|
</emphasis>
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|
male:
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<collectingCountry name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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|
:
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<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Napo">Napo Prov.</collectingRegion>
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|
,
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|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A87235964DB9568EBDE177CD13912ED9:93BC28AEB0A4D4E1D1DBE37FE0E03930" country="Ecuador" latitude="-0.5833" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8978" name="Yanayacu Biological Station" stateProvince="Napo Prov.">Yanayacu Biological Station</location>
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, bamboo trail 2051,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="0.5833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-0.5833">-0.5833</geoCoordinate>
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,
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|
<geoCoordinate degrees="77.8978" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-77.8978">-77.8978</geoCoordinate>
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|
,
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|
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" unit="m" value="218.0">
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|
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" unit="m" value="218.0">218 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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|
elev., collected
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<collectingDate value="2011-02-12">12 February 2011</collectingDate>
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, rearing code 55036
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|
</materialsCitation>
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|
.
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|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-04-21" country="Ecuador" county="Ottawa" elevation="218" latitude="-0.5667" location="Both" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8667" municipality="Canadian National Collection of Insects" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="Paratype">
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|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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|
<typeStatus>Paratype</typeStatus>
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|
</emphasis>
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|
: same data as holotype but collected on yy road 2100,
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|
<geoCoordinate degrees="0.5667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-0.5667">-0.5667</geoCoordinate>
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|
,
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|
<geoCoordinate degrees="77.8667" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-77.8667">-77.8667</geoCoordinate>
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|
,
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|
<collectingDate value="2009-04-21">21 April 2009</collectingDate>
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|
, rearing code 38108.
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|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A87235964DB9568EBDE177CD13912ED9:67F18FE5D59F4D2CE9815288B3EA1DDB" country="Ecuador" county="Ottawa" latitude="-0.5667" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8667" municipality="Canadian National Collection of Insects" name="Both" stateProvince="Napo">Both</location>
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|
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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|
and
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|
<typeStatus>paratype</typeStatus>
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|
deposited in
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Canadian National Collection of Insects</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingCounty>Ottawa</collectingCounty>
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|
(CNC)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
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|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
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|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Etymology.</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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|
From the Latin
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|
<normalizedToken originalValue="“nigricans”">"nigricans"</normalizedToken>
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|
, meaning
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="“blackish”">"blackish"</normalizedToken>
|
|
. JFT and JBW have seen additional undescribed species of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nixon" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Larissimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Larissimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Larissimus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(primarily in the Canadian National Insect Collection) with different color patterns, but not predominantly blackish ones.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="comments">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Comments.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
Despite the dramatically different color combination and pattern, this new species is not strikingly different morphologically from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. cassander" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="cassander">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">L. cassander</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, at least based on the two males we have seen. Most structural differences are in minor shape proportions of structures (metasomal tergites narrower in the new species) and in wing vein angles (e.g., as mentioned above, compare angle of 2r in Figs
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Larissimus nigricans sp. nov., male A lateral habitus B proximal regions of left antenna C dorsal view, head and mesosoma D dorsal view, propodeum and metasoma E wings F emerged cocoon." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829225" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">1E</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Larissimus cassander Nixon, male, Brazil A lateral habitus B head, frontal view C fore wing D head, view from left side, showing malar suture E dorsal view, head and mesosoma F dorsal view, metasoma." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829227" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">3C</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829227" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nixon" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Larissimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Larissimus cassander" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cassander">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Larissimus cassander</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Nixon, male, Brazil
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
|
|
lateral habitus
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">B</emphasis>
|
|
head, frontal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C</emphasis>
|
|
fore wing
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">D</emphasis>
|
|
head, view from left side, showing malar suture
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">E</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal view, head and mesosoma
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">F</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal view, metasoma.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="molecular data">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Molecular data.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 barcode sequence (sequence code BCNCC047-22 in the Barcode of Life (BOLD) database (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01678.x" author="Ratnasingham, S" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology Notes" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="355 - 364" refId="B9" refString="Ratnasingham, S, Hebert, PDN, 2007. BOLD: The Barcode of Life Data System (www.barcodinglife.org). Molecular Ecology Notes 7 (3): 355 - 364, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01678.x" title="BOLD: The Barcode of Life Data System (www. barcodinglife. org)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01678.x" volume="7" year="2007">Ratnasingham and Hebert 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066213" author="Ratnasingham, S" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology Notes" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" refId="B10" refString="Ratnasingham, S, Hebert, PDN, 2013. A DNA-based registry for all animal species: The Barcode Index Number (BIN) System. PLoS ONE 8(8): e66213. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066213" title="A DNA-based registry for all animal species: The Barcode Index Number (BIN) System. PLoS ONE 8 (8): e 66213." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066213" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) consists of 614 bp and is 12% different in base pair identity from that of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. cassander" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="cassander">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">L. cassander</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(BOLD BIN BOLD:ABU6476).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1156.101396.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/829228" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nixon" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Larissimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Larissimus cassander" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cassander">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Larissimus cassander</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Nixon, female, Brazil
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
|
|
lateral habitus
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">B</emphasis>
|
|
head, frontal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C</emphasis>
|
|
wings (especially showing hind wing)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">D</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal view, metasoma
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">E</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal view, head and mesosoma.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |