892 lines
115 KiB
XML
892 lines
115 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E0116B1513033DC9BC64C2B05DA3C4E4">Two new surprising species of leaf-litter toad of the Rhinella margaritifera species group (Anura: Bufonidae) from the Peruvian Amazon, Loreto-Peru</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8CE167AC13E18AE0D3298F5825216D84">Rojas, Rommel R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B5FC9EF499124C31E0FB702BB01CA902">Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento académico de ecología y fauna, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana- UNAP. Av. Grau 1072, Iquitos, Perú.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E24D7D061CC74E91A9C743CA44256E8A">Peña, Pedro Perez</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="82AB33272E0FAD66EF67213CF53E9DB5">Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Dirección de Investigación en Diversidad Biológica Terrestre Amazónica. Av. Abelardo Quiñones km 2.5, Iquitos, Perú.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="206B46D161829536C81C93E234B41A89">Ávila, Robson W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D5E632FEE51FD5648DB610A6CE736969">Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências, Campus do Pici, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FC3EBD1BA14E180A9935FAE051F2B3BC">Carvalho, Vinicius Tadeu De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5F3BC472E78557640FADE13B8F21F814">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Diversidade Biológica e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil. anfibios. repteis @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7644 - 6090</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BEC73B44DFD07548F3B8AB528A7A748B" type="email">anfibios.repteis@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7A904A219CF80A797A9491CDBC3FFF2C">Perez, Renata</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4EADF2604398F8E9AB3986A1B64D654D">Unidade Descentralizada de Campos Sales, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Campos Sales, Ceará, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="430D24BAD0559E7C7AAD06EE5DEC6C07">Farias, Izeni Pires</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C47D4EB85C84F55097B81BBAF0C17F6D">Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. Rodrigo Octávio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Mini-Campus, Coroado I, 69077 - 000, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. & izeni _ farias @ ufam. edu. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1416 - 4351</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="19A6E8CE93BAD67AEF2B4114145EAC62">Gordo, Marcelo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6FD3613B2477A29F5EE61ED7B622C7AE">Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8B18913A4F2E9B7F8C2C84CF8D28DC49">Hrbek, Tomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4250009C5A39E6862C2F4EDB07865408">Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. Rodrigo Octávio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Mini-Campus, Coroado I, 69077 - 000, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. & tomas @ evoamazon. net; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3239 - 7068 & Department of Biology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5C5FCD592662255E1557C9413891900D" type="email">tomas@evoamazon.net</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="F68FED78A64E8DC7BE78B3B1294B6030">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D320FEC0EBF0D3B1BFC45ACB016D8AA2">
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<mods:date id="6E08335AAF872A9F62AC4D9B02403F82">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="56D46A9690D4911BB954CF49773C03AB">2022-06-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0A155A218CD96D4D624BEA68B3DF0FF5">5150</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8FBDD6F80EB769E8B8EF2C0609F0CBF9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5150.4.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6632755" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195834073" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6632755" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="510" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
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<heading id="BD4B44568479FFF6FF72FD17FE7A9CB2" bold="true" box="[151,471,690,717]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FF72FD17FE7A9CB2" bold="true" box="[151,471,690,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
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<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FF72FD17FEDA9CB2" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,375,690,717]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FF72FD17FEDA9CB2" bold="true" box="[151,375,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Rhinella unapensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB92538479FFF6FE98FD16FE7A9CB2" box="[381,471,691,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E603F33A8479FFF6FF72FD52FEAF9D70" blockId="17.[151,748,759,845]" box="[151,258,759,783]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Synonyms</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="E603F33A8479FFF6FF72FCB3FDCE9D51" blockId="17.[151,748,759,845]" box="[151,611,790,814]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
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<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FF72FCB3FDCE9D51" authority="(Rivera-Gonzales et al. 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Rivera-Gonzales" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[151,611,790,814]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="typhonius">
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<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FF72FCB3FE9D9D51" box="[151,304,790,814]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Bufo typhonius</emphasis>
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(Rivera-Gonzales
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<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FE0AFCB2FD8E9D51" box="[495,547,790,814]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">et al.</emphasis>
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2003)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="AEA6A0B18479FFF6FF72FC90FD419D32" box="[151,748,820,845]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="E603F33A8479FFF6FF72FC90FD419D32" blockId="17.[151,748,759,845]" box="[151,748,820,845]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
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<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FF72FC90FD419D32" ID-CoL="5G369" authority="Ribeyro & Layche (2008)" authorityName="Ribeyro & Layche" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,748,820,845]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="typhonius">
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<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FF72FC90FE9D9D33" box="[151,304,820,845]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Bufo typhonius</emphasis>
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gr.
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<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FEB2FC90FE4D9D32" box="[343,480,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">margaritifera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="822D8ECB8479FFF6FE03FC91FD419D32" author="Ribeyro, S. & Layche, J." box="[486,748,820,845]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" refId="ref15665" refString="Ribeyro, S. & Layche, J. (2008) Herpetofauna en el bosque de varillal del centro de ensenanza forestal (CIEFOR) - Puerto Almendra, Iquitos-Peru. Bachelor dissertation. Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana-UNAP, Iquitos. [unknown pagination]" type="book" year="2008">Ribeyro & Layche (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="AEA6A0B18479FFF6FF72FCDEFB739B3A" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E603F33A8479FFF6FF72FCDEFDAE9DA2" blockId="17.[151,1437,890,2034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
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<materialsCitation id="56D4F9678479FFF6FF72FCDEFDAE9DA2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3806472308" collectingDate="2017-12-07" collectionCode="R" country="Peru" county="Rojas" latitude="-3.8327777" location="Puerto Almendra" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-73.37444" municipality="Rommel" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loreto" typeStatus="holotype">
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</emphasis>
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. CRBIIAP-2125 adult male collected at
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<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FD35FCDEFC229DEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FD35FCDEFC229DEA" box="[720,911,891,917]" country="Peru" county="Rojas" latitude="-3.8327777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-73.37444" municipality="Rommel" name="Puerto Almendra" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Puerto Almendra</location>
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(
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,
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),
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<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FB1CFCDEFAD09DEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FB1CFCDEFAD09DEA" box="[1273,1405,891,917]" country="Peru" county="Rojas" latitude="-3.8327777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-73.37444" municipality="Rommel" name="Department" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Department</location>
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of
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<collectingRegion id="24783DD88479FFF6FF72FC3AFF489DC6" box="[151,229,927,953]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Loreto</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FF15FC3AFE7E9DC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FF15FC3AFE7E9DC6" box="[240,467,927,953]" country="Peru" county="Rojas" latitude="-3.8327777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-73.37444" municipality="Rommel" name="Province of Maynas" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Province of Maynas</location>
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,
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<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FE3AFC3AFD129DC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FE3AFC3AFD129DC6" box="[479,703,927,953]" country="Peru" county="Rojas" latitude="-3.8327777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-73.37444" municipality="Rommel" name="District of San Juan" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">District of San Juan</location>
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,
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FD2FFC3AFCE59DC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FD2FFC3AFCE59DC6" box="[714,840,927,953]" country="Peru" county="Rojas" latitude="-3.8327777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-73.37444" municipality="Rommel" name="Nina-Rumi" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Nina-Rumi</location>
|
||
community,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9EABB3AA8479FFF6FC3EFC3AFBA39DC6" box="[987,1038,927,953]" name="Peru" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="066769408479FFF6FBDDFC3AFB359DC6" box="[1080,1176,927,953]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Rommel</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<collectionCode id="80AD6BFF8479FFF6FB7AFC3AFB189DC6" box="[1183,1205,927,953]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCounty id="0F628BB68479FFF6FB25FC3AFAAD9DC6" box="[1216,1280,927,953]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Rojas</collectingCounty>
|
||
on
|
||
<date id="9202D5FA8479FFF6FACCFC3AFF439DA2" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" value="2017-12-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="82462C128479FFF6FACCFC3AFF439DA2" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" value="2017-12-07">December 7, 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, at 10 h. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E87EFBF8479FFF6FEBEFC66FE5A9DA2" box="[347,503,963,989]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[192,1396,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 7. Holotype of Rhinella unapensis sp. nov. (CRBIIAP-2125); A) dorsal view; B) ventral view; C) lateral view of head; D) dorsal view of head; E) ventral view of right hand; F) ventral view of right foot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626827/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Figure 7 A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A8479FFF6FF22FC42FB739B3A" blockId="17.[151,1437,890,2034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="56D4F9678479FFF6FF22FC42FC9C9A36" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3806472309" collectionCode="R, UNAP" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" location="Puerto Almendra" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" specimenCode="CHUFC-A 9201, CHUFC-A 9202" specimenCount="540" specimenCount-adult="540" stateProvince="Loreto" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FF22FC42FEEB9A7E" bold="true" box="[199,326,999,1025]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<typeStatus id="39074D988479FFF6FF22FC42FEEC9A7E" box="[199,321,999,1025]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
CRBIIAP-2114, CRBIIAP-2115,
|
||
<specimenCode id="B61A5B418479FFF6FD31FC42FC3E9A7E" box="[724,915,999,1025]" collectionCode="CHUFC-A" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">CHUFC-A 9201</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="B61A5B418479FFF6FC46FC42FBCF9A7E" box="[931,1122,999,1025]" collectionCode="CHUFC-A" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">CHUFC-A 9202</specimenCode>
|
||
, adult females collected at
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FF72FBAEFEF49A5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FF72FBAEFEF49A5A" box="[151,345,1035,1061]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Puerto Almendra" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Puerto Almendra</location>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="838895FD8479FFF6FE8BFBAEFE569A5A" box="[366,507,1035,1061]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-3.8241665">3° 49’ 27’’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="838895FD8479FFF6FDEDFBAEFD1D9A5A" box="[520,688,1034,1061]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-73.38306">73° 22’ 59’’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FD21FBAEFCE59A5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FD21FBAEFCE59A5A" box="[708,840,1035,1061]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Department" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Department</location>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="24783DD88479FFF6FC8BFBAEFC119A5A" box="[878,956,1035,1061]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FC22FBAEFB069A5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FC22FBAEFB069A5A" box="[967,1195,1035,1061]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Province of Maynas" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Province of Maynas</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FB52FBAEFA359A5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FB52FBAEFA359A5A" box="[1207,1432,1035,1061]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="District of San Juan" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">District of San Juan</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FF72FB8AFEB89A36" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FF72FB8AFEB89A36" box="[151,277,1071,1097]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Nina-Rumi" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Nina-Rumi</location>
|
||
community,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9EABB3AA8479FFF6FE42FB8AFE779A36" box="[423,474,1071,1097]" name="Peru" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FDE1FB8AFDC99A36" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FDE1FB8AFDC99A36" box="[516,612,1071,1097]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Rommel" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Rommel</location>
|
||
<collectionCode id="80AD6BFF8479FFF6FD8EFB8AFD2C9A36" box="[619,641,1071,1097]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R</collectionCode>
|
||
. Rojas Zamora.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="56D4F9678479FFF6FCD2FB8AFB4D9AEE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3806472304" collectionCode="R, UNAP" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" location="Puerto Almendra" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" specimenCode="CHUFC-A 9201, CHUFC-A 9202" specimenCount="540" specimenCount-adult="540" stateProvince="Loreto" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
CRBIIAP-2116, CRBIIAP-2117, CRBIIAP-2123, CRBIIAP-2124, adult males collected at
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FDDEFBF6FD569A12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FDDEFBF6FD569A12" box="[571,763,1107,1133]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Puerto Almendra" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Puerto Almendra</location>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="838895FD8479FFF6FCEAFBF6FC379A12" box="[783,922,1106,1133]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" precision="15" seconds="52" value="-3.831111">3° 49’ 52’’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="838895FD8479FFF6FC43FBF6FBE69A12" box="[934,1099,1107,1133]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-73.374725">73° 22’ 29’’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FBBBFBF6FB4F9A12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FBBBFBF6FB4F9A12" box="[1118,1250,1107,1133]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Department" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Department</location>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="24783DD88479FFF6FAE3FBF6FAF99A12" box="[1286,1364,1107,1133]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Province of
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FF09FBD2FEEA9AEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FF09FBD2FEEA9AEE" box="[236,327,1143,1169]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Maynas" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Maynas</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FEB6FBD2FD989AEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FEB6FBD2FD989AEE" box="[339,565,1143,1169]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="District of San Juan" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">District of San Juan</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FDA4FBD2FD129AEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FDA4FBD2FD129AEE" box="[577,703,1143,1169]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Nina-Rumi" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Nina-Rumi</location>
|
||
community,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9EABB3AA8479FFF6FCB7FBD2FC289AEE" box="[850,901,1143,1169]" name="Peru" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FC54FBD2FBBC9AEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FC54FBD2FBBC9AEE" box="[945,1041,1143,1169]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Rommel" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Rommel</location>
|
||
<collectionCode id="80AD6BFF8479FFF6FBFCFBD2FB829AEE" box="[1049,1071,1143,1169]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R</collectionCode>
|
||
. Rojas Zamora.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="56D4F9678479FFF6FB03FBD2FCB89A82" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3806472306" collectionCode="R, UNAP" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" location="Puerto Almendra" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" specimenCode="CHUFC-A 9201, CHUFC-A 9202" specimenCount="540" specimenCount-adult="540" stateProvince="Loreto" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
CRBIIAP-2118, CRBIIAP-2119, CRBIIAP-2120, CRBIIAP-2121, CRBIIAP-2122, juveniles collected at
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FB6FFB3EFB199ACA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FB6FFB3EFB199ACA" box="[1162,1204,1179,1205]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Km" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Km</location>
|
||
70.0 by the
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FAA0FB3EFF779AA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FAA0FB3EFF779AA6" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Nauta" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Iquitos-Nauta</location>
|
||
highway (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="838895FD8479FFF6FEB6FB1AFE5E9AA6" box="[339,499,1214,1241]" degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-4.3541665">04° 21’ 15’’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="838895FD8479FFF6FDE4FB1AFD079AA6" box="[513,682,1214,1241]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" precision="15" seconds="53" value="-73.514725">73° 30’ 53’’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
)
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FD5FFB1AFC939AA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FD5FFB1AFC939AA6" box="[698,830,1215,1241]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Department" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Department</location>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="24783DD88479FFF6FC83FB1AFC199AA6" box="[870,948,1215,1241]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FC25FB1AFB0A9AA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FC25FB1AFB0A9AA6" box="[960,1191,1215,1241]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Province of Maynas" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Province of Maynas</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FB51FB1AFA359AA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FB51FB1AFA359AA6" box="[1204,1432,1215,1241]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="District of San Juan" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">District of San Juan</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FF72FB46FEE29A82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FF72FB46FEE29A82" box="[151,335,1251,1277]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Nuevo San Juan" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Nuevo San Juan</location>
|
||
community,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9EABB3AA8479FFF6FE01FB46FDBA9A82" box="[484,535,1251,1277]" name="Peru" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FDA6FB46FD0E9A82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FDA6FB46FD0E9A82" box="[579,675,1251,1277]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Rommel" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Rommel</location>
|
||
<collectionCode id="80AD6BFF8479FFF6FD49FB46FD6F9A82" box="[684,706,1251,1277]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R</collectionCode>
|
||
. Rojas.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="56D4F9678479FFF6FCF9FB46FB779B3A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3806472303" collectionCode="R, UNAP" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" location="Puerto Almendra" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" specimenCode="CHUFC-A 9201, CHUFC-A 9202" specimenCount="540" specimenCount-adult="540" stateProvince="Loreto" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
MZUNAP-AN 509, MZUNAP-AN
|
||
<specimenCount id="F0BA38B38479FFF6FB50FB47FAB29A82" box="[1205,1311,1250,1277]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" type="adult">540 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
males collected at
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FF1FFAA2FEEF9B5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FF1FFAA2FEEF9B5E" box="[250,322,1287,1313]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Fundo" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Fundo</location>
|
||
<collectionCode id="80AD6BFF8479FFF6FEADFAA2FE3E9B5E" box="[328,403,1287,1313]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">UNAP</collectionCode>
|
||
km 31.5 by the
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FDA1FAA2FD739B5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FDA1FAA2FD739B5E" box="[580,734,1287,1313]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Iquitos-Nauta" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Iquitos-Nauta</location>
|
||
highway (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="838895FD8479FFF6FCB6FAA2FC4B9B5E" box="[851,998,1286,1313]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-3.9433334">03º 56’ 36’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="838895FD8479FFF6FC17FAA2FB3D9B5D" box="[1010,1168,1287,1314]" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" precision="15" seconds="06" value="-72.401665">72º 24’ 06’’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FB46FAA2FA8A9B5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FB46FAA2FA8A9B5E" box="[1187,1319,1287,1313]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Department" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Department</location>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="24783DD88479FFF6FAAEFAA2FA349B5E" box="[1355,1433,1287,1313]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FF72FA8EFED69B3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FF72FA8EFED69B3A" box="[151,379,1323,1349]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="Province of Maynas" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">Province of Maynas</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="E363A5E18479FFF6FE62FA8EFDCA9B3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E15422C8479FFF0FF72FD17FE7B9FD2:E363A5E18479FFF6FE62FA8EFDCA9B3A" box="[391,615,1323,1349]" country="Peru" county="Percy Mejia" latitude="-3.9433334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.401665" municipality="Iquitos-Nauta" name="District of San Juan" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" stateProvince="Loreto">District of San Juan</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="066769408479FFF6FD97FA8EFCA19B3A" box="[626,780,1323,1349]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Iquitos-Nauta</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
highway by
|
||
<collectingCounty id="0F628BB68479FFF6FC7BFA8EFB8B9B3A" box="[926,1062,1323,1349]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Percy Mejia</collectingCounty>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E87EFBF8479FFF6FBD1FA8EFB7C9B3A" box="[1076,1233,1323,1349]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[192,1396,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 8. Type series and morphological variation in preserved specimens of Rhinella unapensis sp. nov. A–C= CRBIIAP- 2114 (adult female); D–F=MZUNAP-AN 540 (adult male); G–I= CRBIIAP-2115 (adult female); J–L= CRBIIAP-2123 (adult male)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626829/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Figure 8 A–L</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AEA6A0B18479FFF6FF22FAEBFC359B86" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A8479FFF6FF22FAEBFC359B86" blockId="17.[151,1437,890,2034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FF22FAEBFEEF9B17" bold="true" box="[199,322,1358,1384]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FEAFFAEAFD8C9B17" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[330,545,1359,1385]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FEAFFAEAFD8C9B17" box="[330,545,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Rhinella unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FDCCFAEAFD299B16" bold="true" box="[553,644,1359,1385]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB92538479FFF6FDCCFAEAFD299B16" box="[553,644,1359,1385]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is diagnosed by: (1) small-size (snout-vent length range
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF8479FFF6FAEBFAEBFA319B16" box="[1294,1436,1358,1385]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2202" metricValueMax="10.795" metricValueMin="7.6454" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" unit="in" value="36.3" valueMax="42.5" valueMin="30.1">30.1–42.5 in</quantity>
|
||
adult males,
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF8479FFF6FEC0FAD6FE659BF2" box="[293,456,1395,1421]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.12" metricValueMax="4.61" metricValueMin="3.63" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="41.2" valueMax="46.1" valueMin="36.3">36.3–46.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in adult females); (2) snout pointed in dorsal view, nearly acute in lateral view; (3) canthal and pre-orbital crests absent; (4) low supra-orbital, parietal and supra-tympanic crests; (5) small bony protrusion at the angle of jaws; (6) tympanum evident; (7) dorsolateral row of tubercles present; (8) parotoid glands small, elongate and evident; (9) skin on dorsum bearing a mixture of warts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AEA6A0B18479FFF5FF22F9A6FB1B9BE2" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="505" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A8479FFF6FF22F9A6FF7D981A" blockId="17.[151,1437,890,2034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FF22F9A6FD959863" bold="true" box="[199,568,1538,1565]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<typeStatus id="39074D988479FFF6FF22F9A6FE999862" box="[199,308,1539,1565]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
measurements (mm).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SVL 36.0; HL 12.3; HW 11.85; IND 2.3; END 4.1; ED 3.2; UEW 3.4; IOD 4.0;
|
||
<collectionCode id="80AD6BFF8479FFF6FF2EF982FEBB983E" box="[203,278,1575,1601]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">POCH</collectionCode>
|
||
1.0;
|
||
<collectionCode id="80AD6BFF8479FFF6FEB4F982FE35983E" box="[337,408,1575,1601]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">POCL</collectionCode>
|
||
3.1; HTD 2.1; VTD 1.8;
|
||
<collectionCode id="80AD6BFF8479FFF6FD5BF982FD5F983E" box="[702,754,1575,1601]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/e2th-qkhc" name="Preussiche Geologische Landesanstalt" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">PGL</collectionCode>
|
||
4.6; HAL 10.4; FAL 7.6; THL 14.8.; TL 13.2; TAL 8.4; FL 10.4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A8479FFF5FF22F9CBFB5B9CF9" blockId="17.[151,1437,890,2034]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,150,1977]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="505" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FF22F9CBFD9298F7" bold="true" box="[199,575,1646,1673]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Comparison with other species.</emphasis>
|
||
By the absence of canthal and pre-orbital crests
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FB81F9CAFA9698F7" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[1124,1339,1647,1673]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FB81F9CAFA9698F7" box="[1124,1339,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Rhinella unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FAA7F9CAFA3198F6" bold="true" box="[1346,1436,1647,1673]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB92538479FFF6FAA7F9CAFA3198F6" box="[1346,1436,1647,1673]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is promptly distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FE1AF936FDF498D2" box="[511,601,1683,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FE1AF936FDF498D2" box="[511,601,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. alata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FD8DF936FD4698D3" baseAuthorityName="Velez-Rodriguez & Ruiz-Carranza" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[616,747,1683,1708]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FD8DF936FD4698D3" box="[616,747,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. cristinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FD1EF936FC3D98D3" box="[763,912,1683,1708]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exostosica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FD1EF936FC3D98D3" box="[763,912,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. exostosica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FC45F936FAD998D2" box="[928,1396,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FC45F936FB9298D2" box="[928,1087,1683,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoogmoedi">R. hoogmoedi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FBA9F936FB0298D3" box="[1100,1199,1683,1708]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iserni">R. iserni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FB59F936FAD998D2" authorityName="Ribeyro & Layche" authorityYear="2008" box="[1212,1396,1683,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="margaritifera">R. margaritifera</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FA61F936FF5C98AE" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FA61F936FF5C98AE" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. ocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FEE5F912FE2798AF" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[256,394,1719,1744]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roqueana">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FEE5F912FE2798AF" box="[256,394,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. roqueana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FE7CF912FDA998AE" box="[409,516,1719,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scitula">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FE7CF912FDA998AE" box="[409,516,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. scitula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FDF6F912FCFE98AE" box="[531,851,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FDF6F912FD2698AE" box="[531,651,1719,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sebbeni">R. sebbeni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FD72F912FCFE98AE" baseAuthorityName="Mijares-Urrutia & Arends" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[663,851,1719,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sclerocephala">R. sclerocephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FC77F912FBAB98AE" baseAuthorityName="Lotters & Kohler" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[914,1030,1719,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stanlaii">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FC77F912FBAB98AE" box="[914,1030,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. stanlaii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FBF0F912FB4198AF" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[1045,1260,1719,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FBF0F912FB4198AF" box="[1045,1260,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">Rhinella unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FB11F912FAE398AE" bold="true" box="[1268,1358,1719,1745]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB92538479FFF6FB11F912FAE398AE" box="[1268,1358,1719,1745]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
It also differs from the Amazonian species cited above by (characteristics of other species in parenthesis): From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FAA6F97EFA30988A" box="[1347,1437,1755,1781]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FAA6F97EFA30988A" box="[1347,1437,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. alata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by presence of bone protrusion at angle of jaw (absent), snout pointed in dorsal view, nearly acute in lateral view (sub acuminate in dorsal view, rounded to protruding in lateral view), palmar tubercle ovoid (oval). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FADFF886FF12991F" baseAuthorityName="Velez-Rodriguez & Ruiz-Carranza" baseAuthorityYear="2002" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FADFF886FF12991F" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. cristinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the acute snout in lateral view (rounded), tympanum distinct (indistinct), larger males, with
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF8479FFF6FB1CF8E3FA30991E" box="[1273,1437,1862,1889]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.78" metricValueMax="4.55" metricValueMin="3.01" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="37.8" valueMax="45.5" valueMin="30.1">30.1–45.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL (
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF8479FFF6FF3EF8CEFE2999FA" box="[219,388,1899,1925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.4299999999999997" metricValueMin="3.07" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="34.3" valueMin="30.7">30.7–34.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
), smaller females, with
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF8479FFF6FD77F8CEFC9B99FA" box="[658,822,1899,1925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.12" metricValueMax="4.61" metricValueMin="3.63" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="41.2" valueMax="46.1" valueMin="36.3">36.3–46.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL (
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF8479FFF6FC64F8CFFC4699FA" box="[897,1003,1898,1925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.51" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="55.1">55.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FBA6F8CEFB7599FB" box="[1091,1240,1899,1924]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exostosica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FBA6F8CEFB7599FB" box="[1091,1240,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. exostosica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by being smaller in SVL (64.2 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF8479FFF6FEB2F82AFE1799D6" box="[343,442,1935,1961]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.77" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="37.7">37.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FE24F82AFDFD99D7" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[449,592,1935,1960]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FE24F82AFDFD99D7" box="[449,592,1935,1960]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FDB2F82AFD1D99D6" bold="true" box="[599,688,1935,1961]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB92538479FFF6FDB2F82AFD1D99D6" box="[599,688,1935,1961]" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
), palmar tubercle shape ovoid (tear-shaped), parotoid glands small and elongate (prominent), cephalic crest poorly developed (developed). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF6FBE3F816FBCB99B3" box="[1030,1126,1971,1996]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iserni">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF6FBE3F816FBCB99B3" box="[1030,1126,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. iserni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of external tympanum (not distinguish), parotoid gland lacking lateral line of tubercles (presence), smaller SVL (
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF8479FFF6FB18F873FACF998E" box="[1277,1378,2006,2033]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.54" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="35.4">35.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B98479FFF5FA61F872FEAA9ECF" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="505" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F288479FFF5FA61F872FEAA9ECF" italics="true" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="505" pageId="17" pageNumber="504">R. unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FEEAFF32FEC49ECE" bold="true" box="[271,361,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847AFFF5FEEAFF32FEC49ECE" box="[271,361,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FE7DFF33FE509ECE" box="[408,509,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="58.5">58.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in adult males). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FD1AFF32FC1B9ECE" authorityName="Ribeyro & Layche" authorityYear="2008" box="[767,950,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="margaritifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FD1AFF32FC1B9ECE" box="[767,950,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. margaritifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the small vertebral apophyses (protruding), low cranial crests (vs. well developed), snout nearly acute in lateral view (mucronate), smaller SVL (
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FACEFF1FFF6E9E86" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.78" metricValueMax="4.55" metricValueMin="3.01" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="37.8" valueMax="45.5" valueMin="30.1">30.1–45.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in adult males in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FE6EFF7AFDB69E87" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[395,539,223,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FE6EFF7AFDB69E87" box="[395,539,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FDC7FF7AFDD69E86" bold="true" box="[546,635,223,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847AFFF5FDC7FF7AFDD69E86" box="[546,635,223,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FD4CFF7BFD549E86" box="[681,761,222,249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="58.0">58 mm</quantity>
|
||
in adult males). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FC1DFF7AFB2C9E87" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[1016,1153,223,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roqueana">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FC1DFF7AFB2C9E87" box="[1016,1153,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. roqueana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the small SVL (
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FAB9FF7AFF4A9F62" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6012" metricValueMax="11.557" metricValueMin="7.6454" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="in" value="37.8" valueMax="45.5" valueMin="30.1">30.1– 45.5 in</quantity>
|
||
adult males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FE7CFEA6FD849F63" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[409,553,259,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FE7CFEA6FD849F63" box="[409,553,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FDD7FEA6FD209F62" bold="true" box="[562,653,259,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847AFFF5FDD7FEA6FD209F62" box="[562,653,259,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
vs
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FD52FEA6FC9C9F62" box="[695,817,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.45" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="74.5" valueMax="79.0" valueMin="70.0">70–79 mm</quantity>
|
||
in adult males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FBE7FEA6FB219F63" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[1026,1164,259,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roqueana">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FBE7FEA6FB219F63" box="[1026,1164,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. roqueana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), absence of protruding vertebral apophyses (present), tympanum evident (hidden), the snout nearly acute in lateral view (pointed). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FA61FE82FE9E9F1A" baseAuthorityName="Mijares-Urrutia & Arends" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sclerocephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FA61FE82FE9E9F1A" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. sclerocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by snout nearly acute in lateral view (truncate), by smaller SVL (
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FBF8FEEFFB299F1A" box="[1053,1156,330,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.54" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="35.4">35.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FB4CFEEEFA979F1B" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[1193,1338,331,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FB4CFEEEFA979F1B" box="[1193,1338,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FAA7FEEEFA319F1A" bold="true" box="[1346,1436,331,357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847AFFF5FAA7FEEEFA319F1A" box="[1346,1436,331,357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FF5BFECAFE8E9FF6" box="[190,291,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.12" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="61.2">61.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in adult males), absence or very small vertebral apophyses (hypertrophied). The new species can also be distinguished from the species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FDBEFE36FCF59FD2" authorityName="Ribeyro & Layche" authorityYear="2008" box="[603,856,403,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="margaritifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FDBEFE36FCF59FD2" box="[603,856,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">Rhinella margaritifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group from outside the Amazonia as follows. From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FF72FE12FE9E9FAE" box="[151,307,439,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoogmoedi">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FF72FE12FE9E9FAE" box="[151,307,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. hoogmoedi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of a rounded tubercle at the posterior corner of mouth (present); dorsolateral line of pointed tubercles not well marked (well-marked). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FCF1FE7EFC229F8A" box="[788,911,475,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FCF1FE7EFC229F8A" box="[788,911,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. ocellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of dorsal ocelli colour pattern. From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FF3CFE5AFEEF9C66" box="[217,322,511,537]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scitula">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FF3CFE5AFEEF9C66" box="[217,322,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. scitula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the parotoid gland small (larger); absence of bony knobs at the angle of jaws (present); absence of a line of spinulose tubercles on parotoid gland (present). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FCB0FD86FC679C42" box="[853,970,547,573]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sebbeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FCB0FD86FC679C42" box="[853,970,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. sebbeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by supratympanic crest poorly developed (well-developed), and snout pointed in dorsal view (mucronate). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FC4BFDE2FB8C9C1E" baseAuthorityName="Lotters & Kohler" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[942,1057,583,609]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stanlaii">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FC4BFDE2FB8C9C1E" box="[942,1057,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. stanlaii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the smaller SVL (
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FAE8FDE3FA2D9C1E" box="[1293,1408,582,609]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5439999999999996" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="35.44">35.44 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FF72FDCEFE8B9CFB" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,294,619,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FF72FDCEFE8B9CFB" box="[151,294,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FEC8FDCEFE2A9CFA" bold="true" box="[301,391,619,645]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847AFFF5FEC8FDCEFE2A9CFA" box="[301,391,619,645]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FE50FDCFFDB49CFA" box="[437,537,618,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.58" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="45.8">45.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in adult males), small parotoid gland (paratoid gland developed).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847AFFF5FF22FD2AFBD09C8E" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
In addition to the absence of canthal and pre-orbital crests, eight species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FBD5FD2AFA819CD6" authorityName="Ribeyro & Layche" authorityYear="2008" box="[1072,1324,655,681]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="margaritifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FBD5FD2AFA819CD6" box="[1072,1324,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">Rhinella margaritifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group are similar to the new species for their low supra-orbital, parietal and supra-tympanic crests:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FB6CFD16FA849CB3" baseAuthorityName="Spix" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[1161,1321,691,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FB6CFD16FA849CB3" box="[1161,1321,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. acutirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FADDFD16FF449C8F" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneotica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FADDFD16FF449C8F" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. castaneotica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FF1DFD72FEC39C8E" box="[248,366,727,753]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dapsilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FF1DFD72FEC39C8E" box="[248,366,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. dapsilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FE99FD72FE5E9C8E" box="[380,499,727,753]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lescurei">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FE99FD72FE5E9C8E" box="[380,499,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. lescurei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FDE4FD72FD0B9C8F" box="[513,678,727,752]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnussoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FDE4FD72FD0B9C8F" box="[513,678,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. magnussoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FD56FD72FC899C8F" box="[691,804,727,752]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parecis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FD56FD72FC899C8F" box="[691,804,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. parecis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FCD7FD72FC779C8E" box="[818,986,727,753]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="proboscidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FCD7FD72FC779C8E" box="[818,986,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. proboscidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FBF4FD72FBDB9C8E" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[1041,1142,727,753]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angeli">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FBF4FD72FBDB9C8E" box="[1041,1142,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. angeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847AFFF5FF22FD5EFD649AB9" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
The new species is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FD67FD5EFC8F9D6B" baseAuthorityName="Spix" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[642,802,763,788]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FD67FD5EFC8F9D6B" box="[642,802,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. acutirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by absence of tubercles on the lateral of parotoid gland (presence), the snout nearly acute in lateral view (pointed), and dorsolateral line of tubercles weak (marked dorsolateral line of tubercles). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FE10FCE6FD0F9D23" box="[501,674,835,860]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="castaneotica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FE10FCE6FD0F9D23" box="[501,674,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. castaneotica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of a small bone protrusion at angle of jaw (absent), presence of external tympanum (not distinguish), the snout nearly acute in lateral view (pointed). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FAC3FCC2FA319DFE" box="[1318,1436,871,897]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dapsilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FAC3FCC2FA319DFE" box="[1318,1436,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. dapsilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by smaller SVL (
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FEBDFC2FFE4A9DDA" box="[344,487,906,933]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6012" metricValueMax="11.557" metricValueMin="7.6454" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="in" value="37.8" valueMax="45.5" valueMin="30.1">30.1–45.5 in</quantity>
|
||
adult males,
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FD9BFC2EFCA19DDA" box="[638,780,907,933]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04648" metricValueMax="1.17094" metricValueMin="0.92202" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="in" value="41.2" valueMax="46.1" valueMin="36.3">36.3–46.1 in</quantity>
|
||
adult females in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FC2AFC2EFBF29DDB" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[975,1119,907,932]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FC2AFC2EFBF29DDB" box="[975,1119,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FB82FC2EFB6C9DDA" bold="true" box="[1127,1217,907,933]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847AFFF5FB82FC2EFB6C9DDA" box="[1127,1217,907,933]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FB15FC2FFAFE9DDA" box="[1264,1363,906,933]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3843" metricValueMax="1.4986" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="in" value="54.5" valueMax="59.0" valueMin="50.0">50–59 in</quantity>
|
||
males and
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FF2DFC0AFEEE9DB6" box="[200,323,943,969]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.85" metricValueMax="9.4" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="78.5" valueMax="94.0" valueMin="63.0">63–94 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL in adult females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FD82FC0AFD729DB6" box="[615,735,943,969]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dapsilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FD82FC0AFD729DB6" box="[615,735,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. dapsilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, snout lacking a developed proboscis (present), granular skin (smooth) and by the dorsolateral line of tubercles weak (marked dorsolateral line of tubercles). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FAC1FC76FA309D92" box="[1316,1437,979,1005]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lescurei">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FAC1FC76FA309D92" box="[1316,1437,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. lescurei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the elongate parotoid gland (triangular parotoid gland), snout nearly acute in lateral view (pointed). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FA61FC52FEB09A4B" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnussoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FA61FC52FEB09A4B" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. magnussoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by skin on dorsum bearing a mixture of warts (skin of dorsum with spicules), pointed snout (rounded), nostril not protuberant (nostril protuberant) and distinct tympanic membrane (barely distinct). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FAE2FB9AFAD59A27" box="[1287,1400,1087,1112]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parecis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FAE2FB9AFAD59A27" box="[1287,1400,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. parecis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the snout nearly acute in lateral view (rounded), presence of bone protrusion at angle of jaw (absent), elongate and distinct parotoid glands (small and not well distinct). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FCCCFB22FC7C9ADE" box="[809,977,1159,1185]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="proboscidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FCCCFB22FC7C9ADE" box="[809,977,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. proboscidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by dorsal skin texture granular (smooth), less protruding snout (snout distinctly prominent).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847AFFF5FF22FB6AFB1B9BE2" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
Finally, from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FE84FB6AFE6A9A96" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[353,455,1231,1257]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angeli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FE84FB6AFE6A9A96" box="[353,455,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. angeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FE2AFB6AFD849A96" bold="true" box="[463,553,1231,1257]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847AFFF5FE2AFB6AFD849A96" box="[463,553,1231,1257]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the new species is differentiated by the absence of a fleshy proboscis (present even in juveniles), presence of bone protrusion at angle of jaw (absent), snout profile nearly acute in lateral view (pointed), head as longer as wide (wider than long), postocular crest longer with
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FBF4FAB2FB3D9B4E" box="[1041,1168,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="3.65" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="2.9">2.9–4.4mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FB7BFAB3FA8D9B4E" box="[1182,1312,1302,1329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5mm</quantity>
|
||
) and lower
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FF72FA9EFEBA9B2A" box="[151,279,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.3mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FECDFA9EFE009B2A" box="[296,429,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="3.45" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="3.2">3.2–3.7mm</quantity>
|
||
), forearm length larger than hand length (equal) and thigh and tibia length almost equal (thigh longer than tibia). Both species are also geographically separated by the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="24783DD8847AFFF5FBE0FAFAFBF19B06" box="[1029,1116,1375,1401]" country="Peru" name="Ucayali" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">Ucayali</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Amazon Rivers, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FA61FAFAFF709BE2" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angeli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FA61FAFAFF709BE2" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. angeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FF01FA26FE939BE2" bold="true" box="[228,318,1411,1437]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847AFFF5FF01FA26FE939BE2" box="[228,318,1411,1437]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
distributed on the left bank and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847AFFF5FD4CFA26FC959BE3" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[681,824,1411,1436]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FD4CFA26FC959BE3" box="[681,824,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">R. unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FCDAFA26FC359BE2" bold="true" box="[831,920,1411,1437]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847AFFF5FCDAFA26FC359BE2" box="[831,920,1411,1437]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
limited to the right bank.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AEA6A0B1847AFFF1FF22FA03FACC9D6A" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="509" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847AFFF1FF22FA03FD719F1A" blockId="18.[151,1437,150,1977]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1437,151,789]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="509" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FF22FA03FE489BBE" bold="true" box="[199,485,1446,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="39074D98847AFFF5FE92FA02FE4D9BBE" box="[375,480,1447,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
CRBIIAP-2125 adult male. Body robust. SVL 36.0 mm; head wider (
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FB12FA02FAF09BBE" box="[1271,1373,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="12.3">12.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than longer (
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847AFFF5FF0BFA6EFEF59B9A" box="[238,344,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="18" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="11.8">11.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Snout pointed in dorsal view, nearly acute in lateral view. Canthal crest not raised; supraorbital and postorbital crests not developed with low supratympanic crest. Small parotoid gland, not well developed, slightly triangular in dorsal view, expanding laterally. Lateral row of tubercles from posterior margin of parotoid gland to base of the leg. Small bony protrusion at the angle of jaws.
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847AFFF5FCD8F992FBAC982E" box="[829,1025,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="505">Canthus rostralis</emphasis>
|
||
concave; interorbital and internarial region flat, nostrils acute directed dorsolaterally. Eye to nostril distance longer than eye diameter, larger than internarial distance. Upper eyelid width about 91.7% of eye diameter. Tip of the snout without developed proboscis. Tympanum distinct, rounded; its horizontal diameter representing 95.5% of the vertical diameter and smaller than internarinal distance. Triangular corner of mouth, presence of bony knobs at the lower angle of jaws. Paratoid glands distinguished, elongate. Vocal slits absent; small choanae, ovoid, lateral, widely separated; tongue free. Dorsolateral line of small white pointed granules extends from the posterior border of the parotoid gland to the groin. Very small vertebral apophyses. Skin on dorsal and ventral surfaces highly granular. Presence of rounded granules in dorsal and ventral surfaces. Small tubercles covering lips, eyelids, interorbital and loreal region. Slender forearms, robust forelimbs, covered with small and scattered tubercles around the edges. Free fingers, with the tips slightly enlarged; length of fingers 2<4<1<3. Lateral fringes with small conical tubercles present on the fingers edges. Ovoid, large, smooth palmar tubercle; oval thenar tubercle, about one third of the palmar tubercle; subarticular and supranumerary tubercles present, rounded. Robust hindlimbs, thigh length larger than tibia length, thigh + tibia length approximately 77.9% of the SVL; foot length 74.3% of tibia length, tarsal length 80.9% of foot length. Inner metatarsal tubercle oval, two times larger than the outer metatarsal tubercle; subarticular and supernumerary tubercles present, small, round. Length of toes 1<2<3<5<4; toes half-webbed, webbing formula: I1-2 II 1-2 ½ III 1-3 IV 3-1V. Lateral fringes with small conical tubercles present on toes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B2C3A3B2847BFFF4FF72F832FC4F99AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626827" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6626827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626827/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="506" startId="19.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[192,1396,181,1920]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847BFFF4FF72F832FC4F99AB" blockId="19.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="19" pageNumber="506">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847BFFF4FF72F832FEBF99CF" bold="true" box="[151,274,1943,1968]" pageId="19" pageNumber="506">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847BFFF4FE70F83DFDF899D0" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[405,597,1944,1968]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" pageNumber="506" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847BFFF4FE70F83DFDF899D0" box="[405,597,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="506">Rhinella unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847BFFF4FDBFF83DFD0799CF" bold="true" box="[602,682,1944,1968]" pageId="19" pageNumber="506">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847BFFF4FDBFF83DFD0799CF" box="[602,682,1944,1968]" pageId="19" pageNumber="506" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(CRBIIAP-2125); A) dorsal view; B) ventral view; C) lateral view of head; D) dorsal view of head; E) ventral view of right hand; F) ventral view of right foot.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B2C3A3B2847CFFF3FF72F832FF759987" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626829" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6626829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626829/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="507" startId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[192,1396,181,1919]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847CFFF3FF72F832FF759987" blockId="20.[151,1436,1943,2040]" pageId="20" pageNumber="507">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847CFFF3FF72F832FEBE99D0" bold="true" box="[151,275,1943,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="507">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Type series and morphological variation in preserved specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847CFFF3FC2EF83DFB2099D0" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[971,1165,1944,1968]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" pageNumber="507" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847CFFF3FC2EF83DFB2099D0" box="[971,1165,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="507">Rhinella unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847CFFF3FB71F83DFB4899CF" bold="true" box="[1172,1253,1944,1968]" pageId="20" pageNumber="507">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847CFFF3FB71F83DFB4899CF" box="[1172,1253,1944,1968]" pageId="20" pageNumber="507" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A–C= CRBIIAP-2114 (adult female); D–F=MZUNAP-AN 540 (adult male); G–I= CRBIIAP-2115 (adult female); J–L= CRBIIAP-2123 (adult male).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B2C3A3B2847DFFF2FF72F832FDB099AC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626831" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6626831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626831/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="508" startId="21.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[192,1396,181,1919]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847DFFF2FF72F832FDB099AC" blockId="21.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="508">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847DFFF2FF72F832FEBF99D0" bold="true" box="[151,274,1943,1967]" pageId="21" pageNumber="508">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphological variation of living specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847DFFF2FD12F83DFC1599D0" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[759,952,1944,1968]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" pageNumber="508" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847DFFF2FD12F83DFC1599D0" box="[759,952,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="508">Rhinella unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847DFFF2FC58F83DFBA099CF" bold="true" box="[957,1037,1944,1968]" pageId="21" pageNumber="508">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847DFFF2FC58F83DFBA099CF" box="[957,1037,1944,1968]" pageId="21" pageNumber="508" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A–D= Puerto Almendra locality; E–H= Allpahuayo Mishana Natural Reserve.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847EFFF1FF22FECBFAF39C66" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847EFFF1FF22FECBFEF09FF7" bold="true" box="[199,349,366,392]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Color in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Dark brown dorsal coloration. A light-brown vertebral line from the interorbital region to cloaca, surrounded by light brown spots. Small light brown spots scattered distributed at head, midbody and shanks. Dark brown bands on arms and legs and dark brown blotches on flanks and tympanic region. White-cream venter with pointed dark brown blotches on chest and belly. Loreal and tympanic region with dark brown blotches. Cream color throat; arms and legs white cream with dark brown points. Gold iris, with black reticulations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E87EFBF847EFFF1FB57FE5AFAFF9C66" box="[1202,1362,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@21.[192,1396,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. Morphological variation of living specimens of Rhinella unapensis sp. nov. A–D= Puerto Almendra locality; E–H= Allpahuayo Mishana Natural Reserve." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626831/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Figure 9 A–H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847EFFF1FF22FD87FACC9D6A" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847EFFF1FF22FD87FE5E9C43" bold="true" box="[199,499,546,572]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Morphological variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="39074D98847EFFF1FDCAFD86FDF29C42" box="[559,607,547,573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series includes
|
||
<specimenCount id="F0BA38B3847EFFF1FCF0FD86FC039C42" box="[789,942,547,573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509" type="generic">17 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="F0BA38B3847EFFF1FC5AFD86FBA09C42" box="[959,1037,547,573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509" type="adult">8 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
males,
|
||
<specimenCount id="F0BA38B3847EFFF1FB83FD86FB199C42" box="[1126,1204,547,573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509" type="adult">4 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
females and
|
||
<specimenCount id="F0BA38B3847EFFF1FAA9FD87FF7D9C1D" pageId="22" pageNumber="509" type="juvenile">5 juveniles</specimenCount>
|
||
). Dorsal skin texture not variable between sexes, being covered with rounded tubercles in males and females. Sexual dimorphism is present (
|
||
<tableCitation id="AB3EC681847EFFF1FE10FDCEFDE09CFA" box="[501,589,618,645]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,239,836,860]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="TABLE 5. Measurements (mm) of males, females, and juveniles in the type series of Rhinella unapensis sp. nov. including the holotype. Means ± standard deviation, ranges into parentheses. Full raw data are in: https://doi.org/10.6084/ m9.figshare.16964860" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B2C3A3B2847EFFF1FF72FCE1FE2A9DDB" pageId="22" pageNumber="509" tableUuid="B2C3A3B2847EFFF1FF72FCE1FE2A9DDB">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
). Presence of low cranial crests in both sexes, without differences between male and female, in juveniles the crest is indistinct. Dorsal coloration is variable, from dark brown to brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E87EFBF847EFFF1FAB4FD2AFF459CB2" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@21.[192,1396,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. Morphological variation of living specimens of Rhinella unapensis sp. nov. A–D= Puerto Almendra locality; E–H= Allpahuayo Mishana Natural Reserve." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626831/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Figure 9 A–H</figureCitation>
|
||
). There is presence of dark-brown spots in the head, neck, midbody and shanks region. Some individuals present a light brown vertebral line. Gular and chest region may present a brown coloration or cream coloration. Ventral coloration variable from almost immaculate cream to heavily pigmented with dark blotches or points.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="B2C3A3B2847EFFF1FF72FCE1FE2A9DDB" ID-Table-UUID="B2C3A3B2847EFFF1FF72FCE1FE2A9DDB" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B2C3A3B2847EFFF1FF72FCE1FE2A9DDB" pageId="22" pageNumber="509" startId="22.[151,239,836,860]" targetBox="[166,1330,948,1737]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847EFFF1FF72FCE1FE2A9DDB" blockId="22.[151,1437,836,932]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847EFFF1FF72FCE1FEA89D22" bold="true" box="[151,261,836,861]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">TABLE 5</emphasis>
|
||
. Measurements (mm) of males, females, and juveniles in the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847EFFF1FBADFCE1FABB9D23" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[1096,1302,836,860]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" pageNumber="509" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847EFFF1FBADFCE1FABB9D23" box="[1096,1302,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Rhinella unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847EFFF1FAFBFCE0FADB9D22" bold="true" box="[1310,1398,837,861]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847EFFF1FAFBFCE0FADB9D22" box="[1310,1398,837,861]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
including the holotype. Means ± standard deviation, ranges into parentheses. Full raw data are in: https://doi.org/10.6084/ m9.figshare.16964860
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847EFFF1FF43FC10FAA198B6" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<table id="94BC019A847E0018FF43FC11FA9F98B6" box="[166,1330,948,1737]" gridcols="4" gridrows="20" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FC11FA9F9DB2" box="[166,1330,948,973]" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FC11FE9D9DB2" box="[166,304,948,973]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Measurement</th>
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FC11FDD49DB2" box="[406,633,948,973]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Males (n=9)</th>
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FC11FC789DB2" box="[754,981,948,973]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Females (n=5)</th>
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFC11FA9F9DB2" box="[1103,1330,948,973]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Juveniles (n=5)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FC78FA9F9D8A" box="[166,1330,989,1013]" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FC78FE9D9D8A" box="[166,304,989,1013]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">SVL</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FC78FDD49D8A" box="[406,633,989,1013]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">37.7 ± 4.1 (30.1–42.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FC78FC789D8A" box="[754,981,989,1013]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">42.5 ± 5.2 (36.3–46.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFC78FA9F9D8A" box="[1103,1330,989,1013]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">29.0 ± 2.0 (28.2–32.3)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FBA0FA9F9A62" box="[166,1330,1029,1053]" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FBA0FE9D9A62" box="[166,304,1029,1053]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">HL</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FBA0FDD49A62" box="[406,633,1029,1053]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">13.4 ± 1.4 (11.0–14.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FBA0FC789A62" box="[754,981,1029,1053]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">14.8 ± 1.7 (13.0–16.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFBA0FA9F9A62" box="[1103,1330,1029,1053]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">10.9 ± 0.5 (10.2–11.4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FB88FA9F9A39" box="[166,1330,1069,1094]" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FB88FE9D9A39" box="[166,304,1069,1094]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">HW</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FB88FDD49A39" box="[406,633,1069,1094]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">13.0 ± 1.4 (10.5–14.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FB88FC789A39" box="[754,981,1069,1094]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">14.9 ± 1.2 (13.1–15.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFB88FA9F9A39" box="[1103,1330,1069,1094]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">10.8 ± 1.1 (9.6–12.4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FBF0FA9F9A11" box="[166,1330,1109,1134]" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FBF0FE9D9A11" box="[166,304,1109,1134]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">IND</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FBF0FDD49A11" box="[406,633,1109,1134]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">2.7 ± 0.9 (1.9–4.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FBF0FC789A11" box="[754,981,1109,1134]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">2.7 ± 0.5 (2.0–3.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFBF0FA9F9A11" box="[1103,1330,1109,1134]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">2.0 ± 0.1 (1.9–2.2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FBDBFA9F9AE9" box="[166,1330,1150,1174]" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FBDBFE9D9AE9" box="[166,304,1150,1174]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">END</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FBDBFDD49AE9" box="[406,633,1150,1174]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">3.8 ± 0.7 (2.4–4.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FBDBFC789AE9" box="[754,981,1150,1174]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">4.2 ± 0.7 (3.6–5.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFBDBFA9F9AE9" box="[1103,1330,1150,1174]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">3.4 ± 0.1 (3.3–3.5)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FB03FA9F9AC1" box="[166,1330,1190,1214]" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FB03FE9D9AC1" box="[166,304,1190,1214]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">ED</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FB03FDD49AC1" box="[406,633,1190,1214]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">3.8 ± 0.5 (2.9–4.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FB03FC789AC1" box="[754,981,1190,1214]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">4.1 ± 0.6 (3.4–4.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFB03FA9F9AC1" box="[1103,1330,1190,1214]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">3.0 ± 0.2 (2.7–3.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FB6BFA9F9A99" box="[166,1330,1230,1254]" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FB6BFE9D9A99" box="[166,304,1230,1254]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">UEW</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FB6BFDD49A99" box="[406,633,1230,1254]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">3.5 ± 0.7 (2.8–4.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FB6BFC789A99" box="[754,981,1230,1254]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">3.9 ± 0.3 (3.7–4.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFB6BFA9F9A99" box="[1103,1330,1230,1254]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">2.9 ± 0.6 (2.3–3.6)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FB53FA9F9B70" box="[166,1330,1270,1295]" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FB53FE9D9B70" box="[166,304,1270,1295]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">IOD</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FB53FDD49B70" box="[406,633,1270,1295]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">4.5 ± 0.6 (3.8–5.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FB53FC789B70" box="[754,981,1270,1295]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">4.6 ± 0.3 (4.3–4.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFB53FA9F9B70" box="[1103,1330,1270,1295]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">3.4 ± 0.2 (3.1–3.6)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FABAFA9F9B48" box="[166,1330,1311,1335]" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FABAFE9D9B48" box="[166,304,1311,1335]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">POCL</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FABAFDD49B48" box="[406,633,1311,1335]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">3.5 ± 0.5 (2.9–2.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FABAFC789B48" box="[754,981,1311,1335]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">3.8 ± 0.8 (2.9–4.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFABAFA9F9B48" box="[1103,1330,1311,1335]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">2.8 ± 0.3 (2.5–3.2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FAE2FA9F9B20" box="[166,1330,1351,1375]" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FAE2FE9D9B20" box="[166,304,1351,1375]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">POCH</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FAE2FDD49B20" box="[406,633,1351,1375]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">1.0 ± 0.2 (0.8–1.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FAE2FC789B20" box="[754,981,1351,1375]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">1.2 ± 0.1 (1.2–1.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFAE2FA9F9B20" box="[1103,1330,1351,1375]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">1.1 ± 0.1 (0.9–1.2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FACAFA9F9BF8" box="[166,1330,1391,1415]" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FACAFE9D9BF8" box="[166,304,1391,1415]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">HTD</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FACAFDD49BF8" box="[406,633,1391,1415]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">2.4 ± 0.4 (1.9–3.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FACAFC789BF8" box="[754,981,1391,1415]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">2.8 ± 0.2 (2.7–3.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFACAFA9F9BF8" box="[1103,1330,1391,1415]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">1.9 ± 0.3 (1.5–2.2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FA32FA9F9BCF" box="[166,1330,1431,1456]" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FA32FE9D9BCF" box="[166,304,1431,1456]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">VTD</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FA32FDD49BCF" box="[406,633,1431,1456]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">2.4 ± 0.7 (1.8–3.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FA32FC789BCF" box="[754,981,1431,1456]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">2.9 ± 0.2 (2.7–3.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFA32FA9F9BCF" box="[1103,1330,1431,1456]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">1.9 ± 0.4 (1.4–2.6)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FA65FA9F9BA7" box="[166,1330,1472,1496]" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FA65FE9D9BA7" box="[166,304,1472,1496]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">PGL</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FA65FDD49BA7" box="[406,633,1472,1496]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">4.8 ± 0.8 (4.2–6.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FA65FC789BA7" box="[754,981,1472,1496]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">5.8 ± 0.5 (5.2–6.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFA65FA9F9BA7" box="[1103,1330,1472,1496]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">3.9 ± 0.5 (3.0–4.3)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43FA4DFA9F987F" box="[166,1330,1512,1536]" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43FA4DFE9D987F" box="[166,304,1512,1536]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">FAL</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73FA4DFDD4987F" box="[406,633,1512,1536]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">13.1 ± 1.5 (10.4–15.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17FA4DFC78987F" box="[754,981,1512,1536]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">14.1± 1.5 (12.7–15.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAFA4DFA9F987F" box="[1103,1330,1512,1536]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">10.2 ± 0.9 (9.0–11.3)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43F9B5FA9F9856" box="[166,1330,1552,1577]" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43F9B5FE9D9856" box="[166,304,1552,1577]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">HAL</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73F9B5FDD49856" box="[406,633,1552,1577]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">8.0 ± 1.0 (6.2–9.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17F9B5FC789856" box="[754,981,1552,1577]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">8.6 ± 1.2 (7.4–9.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAF9B5FA9F9856" box="[1103,1330,1552,1577]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">6.0 ± 1.0 (4.9–7.0)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43F99DFA9F982E" box="[166,1330,1592,1617]" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43F99DFE9D982E" box="[166,304,1592,1617]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">THL</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73F99DFDD4982E" box="[406,633,1592,1617]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">15.8 ± 2.1 (12.0–18.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17F99DFC78982E" box="[754,981,1592,1617]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">17.2 ± 1.5 (15.5–18.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAF99DFA9F982E" box="[1103,1330,1592,1617]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">12.0 ± 1.0 (11.1–13.5)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43F9C4FA9F9806" box="[166,1330,1633,1657]" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43F9C4FE9D9806" box="[166,304,1633,1657]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">TBL</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73F9C4FDD49806" box="[406,633,1633,1657]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">14.2 ±1.9 (11.3–16.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17F9C4FC789806" box="[754,981,1633,1657]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">15.2 ± 1.5 (13.8–16.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAF9C4FA9F9806" box="[1103,1330,1633,1657]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">11.3 ± 0.6 (10.6–11.8)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43F92CFA9F98DE" box="[166,1330,1673,1697]" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43F92CFE9D98DE" box="[166,304,1673,1697]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">TAL</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73F92CFDD498DE" box="[406,633,1673,1697]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">9.3 ± 11(7.5–10.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17F92CFC7898DE" box="[754,981,1673,1697]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">10.2 ± 0.7 (9.5–10.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAF92CFA9F98DE" box="[1103,1330,1673,1697]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">7.8 ± 0.3 (7.4–8.2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="588CF178847E0018FF43F914FA9F98B6" box="[166,1330,1713,1737]" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<th id="1B5D9804847E0018FF43F914FE9D98B6" box="[166,304,1713,1737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">FL</th>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FE73F914FDD498B6" box="[406,633,1713,1737]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">11.2 ± 1.6 (8.8–13.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FD17F914FC7898B6" box="[754,981,1713,1737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">13.0 ± 2.0 (10.7–14.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="1B5D9804847E0018FBAAF914FA9F98B6" box="[1103,1330,1713,1737]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">8.6 ± 0.6 (8.2–9.6)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AEA6A0B1847EFFF0FF22F95CFDC19F62" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="510" pageId="22" pageNumber="509" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847EFFF0FF22F95CFCE39EAA" blockId="22.[151,1437,1785,2027]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1436,150,429]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="510" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847EFFF1FF22F95CFDFC996C" bold="true" box="[199,593,1785,1811]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21BC88B9847EFFF1FDBCF95CFC82996C" authority="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek, 2022" authorityName="Rojas & Peña & Ávila & Carvalho & Perez & Farias & Gordo & Hrbek" authorityYear="2022" box="[601,815,1785,1811]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" pageNumber="509" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unapensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847EFFF1FDBCF95CFC82996C" box="[601,815,1785,1811]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Rhinella unapensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847EFFF1FCD2F95CFC3F996C" bold="true" box="[823,914,1785,1811]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFFB9253847EFFF1FCD2F95CFC3F996C" box="[823,914,1785,1811]" pageId="22" pageNumber="509" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is known from five localities from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="24783DD8847EFFF1FAC3F95CFADC996C" box="[1318,1393,1785,1811]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
department,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9EABB3AA847EFFF1FEE2F8B8FE909948" box="[263,317,1821,1847]" name="Peru" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, western Amazonia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E87EFBF847EFFF1FDC7F8B8FD2F9947" box="[546,642,1821,1848]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1108,1132]" captionTargetBox="[158,1427,184,1078]" captionTargetId="figure-21@16.[151,1436,181,1084]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 5. Distribution map of the two new species described herein. Rhinella angeli sp. nov. Yellow color: 1) Nueva Esperanza; 2) Panguana; 3) Mircillo; 4) Sacacaca; 5) Cauchuyo; 6) Corrientes; 7) Taguado; 8) Sierra del Divisor National Reserve; 9) Matsés National Reserve. R. unapensis sp. nov. Red color: 1) Puerto Almendra; 2) Fundo UNAP; 3) Iquitos-Nauta Highway 70 km. Stars indicate the type locality." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626823/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fundo Zamora, Fundo UNAP, Allpahuayo Mishana National Reserve, the vicinity of Nauta and Puerto Almendra in the Nanay river basin. Its distribution is in the northwest of Iquitos (left bank of the Amazon, around the Nanay and Marañon Rivers), where it spans the length of the Iquitos-Nauta highway; further north, its distribution is poorly known but is possibly delimited by the Napo and Marañon Rivers. This species has been recorded from white sand forests, locally known as “
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847EFFF1FC4EF808FBB899B8" box="[939,1045,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">varillales</emphasis>
|
||
” (in Portuguese “
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847EFFF1FB3AF80BFAD299B8" box="[1247,1407,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">campinaranas</emphasis>
|
||
”), from around Iquitos city (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E87EFBF847EFFF1FE58F874FDE69994" box="[445,587,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1723,1747]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,453,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-110@23.[151,1436,453,1700]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. A= Habitat of Rhinella unapensis sp. nov. B–C= R. unapensis sp. nov. resting in leaves and stems of low shrubs (~1.20 m)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626833/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="509">Figure 10 A</figureCitation>
|
||
). They have been found in the leaf litter of primary and secondary forests, and occur between
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847FFFF0FE94FF32FDAB9ECE" box="[369,518,150,177]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="1.03" pageId="23" pageNumber="510" unit="m" value="119.0" valueMax="135.0" valueMin="103.0">103 to 135 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. They are diurnal species. During night surveys, the species was seen resting in stems and leaves of low shrubs (~
|
||
<quantity id="21445EDF847FFFF0FDC8FF1EFDD39EAA" box="[557,638,187,213]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="510" unit="m" value="1.2">1.20 m</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E87EFBF847FFFF0FD70FF1EFCEC9EAA" box="[661,833,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1723,1747]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,453,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-110@23.[151,1436,453,1700]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. A= Habitat of Rhinella unapensis sp. nov. B–C= R. unapensis sp. nov. resting in leaves and stems of low shrubs (~1.20 m)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626833/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="510">Figure 10 B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847FFFF0FF22FF7BFDC19F62" blockId="23.[151,1436,150,429]" pageId="23" pageNumber="510">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847FFFF0FF22FF7BFE739E87" bold="true" box="[199,478,222,248]" pageId="23" pageNumber="510">Colour in preservative.</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to that in life. In 70% alcohol, the body coloration presents a slightly faded mainly in dark brown blotches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E87EFBF847FFFF0FE19FEA6FDF39F62" box="[508,606,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[192,1396,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 8. Type series and morphological variation in preserved specimens of Rhinella unapensis sp. nov. A–C= CRBIIAP- 2114 (adult female); D–F=MZUNAP-AN 540 (adult male); G–I= CRBIIAP-2115 (adult female); J–L= CRBIIAP-2123 (adult male)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626829/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="510">Figure 8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AEA6A0B1847FFFF0FF22FE82FE7B9FD2" pageId="23" pageNumber="510" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847FFFF0FF22FE82FB969F1A" blockId="23.[151,1436,150,429]" pageId="23" pageNumber="510">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847FFFF0FF22FE82FEE39F3E" bold="true" box="[199,334,295,321]" pageId="23" pageNumber="510">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet refers to the Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana-UNAP in honor of the legacy of all professors who passed away due to COVID-19 and other diseases.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847FFFF0FF22FECAFE069FF6" blockId="23.[151,1436,150,429]" box="[199,427,367,393]" pageId="23" pageNumber="510">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847FFFF0FF22FECAFE839FF6" bold="true" box="[199,302,367,393]" pageId="23" pageNumber="510">Tadpole.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E603F33A847FFFF0FF22FE37FE7B9FD2" blockId="23.[151,1436,150,429]" box="[199,470,402,429]" pageId="23" pageNumber="510">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4C82F28847FFFF0FF22FE37FECC9FD3" bold="true" box="[199,353,402,428]" pageId="23" pageNumber="510">Vocalization.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |