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<mods:title id="A2E146955DE03358950B026687BA68F7">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349526FFC1CFF759A3FDA023A7" ID-CoL="36R4L" ID-ENA="906897" authority="(Smith, 1964)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[151,601,942,969]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Dipturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pullopunctatus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CFF759A3FDA023A7" bold="true" box="[151,601,942,969]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CFF759A3FE4B23A6" bold="true" box="[151,434,942,969]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Dipturus pullopunctatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CEA059A3FDA823A7" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[448,593,942,968]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref115644" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1964) Fishes collected by Dr T. Mortenson off the coast of South Africa in 1929, with an account of the genus Cruriraja Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1954 in South Africa. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 126, 283 - 300." type="book chapter" year="1964">Smith, 1964</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79526FFC1CFF759DFFEE72383" blockId="79.[151,1437,942,1869]" box="[151,286,978,1004]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Slime Skate</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9526FFC1CFF759FAFD8E25AF" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79526FFC1CFF759FAFCB4245B" blockId="79.[151,1437,942,1869]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349526FFC1CFF759FAFDCF247E" authority="Smith, 1964: 285" authorityName=": Smith" authorityPageNumber="285" authorityYear="1964" box="[151,566,1014,1041]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pullopunctata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CFF759FAFE97247F" box="[151,366,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Raja pullopunctata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CE1459FBFDCF247E" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[372,566,1014,1041]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref115644" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1964) Fishes collected by Dr T. Mortenson off the coast of South Africa in 1929, with an account of the genus Cruriraja Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1954 in South Africa. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 126, 283 - 300." type="book chapter" year="1964">Smith, 1964: 285</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. A, pl. 25. SAIAB [formerly RUSI] 37.
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locality:
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,
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,
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, off coast of
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,
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79526FFC1CFF75E33FD8E25AF" blockId="79.[151,1437,942,1869]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CFF75E33FEA52437" bold="true" box="[151,348,1086,1112]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Local synonymy</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349526FFC1CE0C5E32FD142436" authority=": Thompson, 1914: 156" authorityName="Thompson" authorityPageNumber="156" authorityYear="1914" box="[364,749,1086,1113]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Raia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batis">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CE0C5E32FE192437" box="[364,480,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Raia batis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CE905E33FD142436" author="Thompson, W. W." box="[496,749,1086,1113]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="132 - 167" refId="ref117072" refString="Thompson, W. W. (1914) Catalogue of the fishes of the Cape Province (Pt 1). Marine Biological Report, Cape Town, 2 (8), 132 - 167." type="journal article" year="1914">Thompson, 1914: 156</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CD9B5E32FBBE2437" author="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B." box="[763,1095,1086,1113]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. &quot; Pickle &quot;. University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923: 3</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CB355E33FADF2437" author="Barnard" box="[1109,1318,1086,1113]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="70" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 418" refId="ref92438" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418." type="journal article" year="1925">Barnard, 1925: 70</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 3, pl. 4;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CF845E6EFE2E2413" author="von Bonde, C." box="[228,471,1122,1149]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref117977" refString="von Bonde, C. (1934) Shark fishing as an industry. Union of South Africa, Department of Commerce and Industry, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Investigational Report, Series 2, 1 - 19." type="book chapter" year="1934">von Bonde, 1934: 16</bibRefCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69526FFC1CE855E6FFD532413" box="[485,682,1122,1148]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CE855E6FFD532413" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[485,682,1122,1148]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref114538" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp." type="book" year="1949">Smith, 1949a: 66</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 65;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CC735E6FFC352413" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[787,972,1122,1149]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref115700" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp." type="book" year="1965">Smith, 1965: 66</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 65.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349526FFC1CB545E6EFE7924CF" authority=": von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923: 12" authorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" authorityPageNumber="12" authorityYear="1923" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Raia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stabuliforis">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CB545E6EFB0B2413" box="[1076,1266,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Raia stabuliforis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CA625E6EFE7924CF" author="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B." pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. &quot; Pickle &quot;. University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923: 12</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349526FFC1CEEE5E8AFD1024CF" authority=": Norman, 1935: 39" authorityName=": Norman" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1935" box="[398,745,1158,1185]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batis">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CEEE5E8AFDFB24CF" box="[398,514,1158,1184]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Raja batis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CD745E8AFD1024CF" author="Norman" box="[532,745,1158,1185]" firstAuthor="Norman" page="39" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref110714" refString="Norman, J. R. (1935) Coast fishes, Part. I. The South Atlantic. ' Discovery' Reports, 12, 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1935">Norman, 1935: 39</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CD975E8BFC3524CE" author="Fowler" box="[759,972,1158,1185]" firstAuthor="Fowler" page="385" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 879" refId="ref101290" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1941) The fishes of the groups Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, Isospondyli, and Ostarophysi obtained by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries streamer &quot; Albatross &quot; in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Bulletin United States National Museum, 100, 1 - 879." type="journal article" year="1941">Fowler, 1941: 385</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CCBB5E8BFAA324CF" author="Bigelow &amp; Schroeder" box="[987,1370,1158,1185]" firstAuthor="Bigelow" page="146" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 588" refId="ref93666" refString="Bigelow, H. B. &amp; Schroeder, W. C. (1953) Fishes of the Western North Atlantic Part 2. Sawfishes, guitarfishes, skates, rays and chimaeroids. Memoirs of the Sears Foundation for Marine Research, Series 1, 2, 1 - 588." type="journal article" year="1953">Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1953: 146</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349526FFC1CA075E8AFDCD24AA" authority=": Smith, 1964: 285" authorityName=": Smith" authorityPageNumber="285" authorityYear="1964" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pullopunctata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CA075E8AFE9B24AB" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Raja pullopunctata</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CE105EA7FDCD24AA" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[368,564,1194,1221]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref115644" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1964) Fishes collected by Dr T. Mortenson off the coast of South Africa in 1929, with an account of the genus Cruriraja Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1954 in South Africa. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 126, 283 - 300." type="book chapter" year="1964">Smith, 1964: 285</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. A, pl. 25;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CDB95EA7FC5D24AA" author="Hulley, P. A." box="[729,932,1194,1221]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="497 - 514" refId="ref104876" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1966) The validity of Raja rhizacanthus Regan and Raja pullopunctata Smith, based on a study of the clasper. Annals of the South African Museum, 48 (20), 497 - 514." type="journal article" year="1966">Hulley, 1966: 505</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 45;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CB7E5EA7FB0F24AB" author="Wallace, J. H." box="[1054,1270,1194,1220]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref118396" refString="Wallace, J. H. (1967 a) The batoid fishes of the east coast of southern Africa. Part III: skates and electric rays. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 17, 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1967">Wallace, 1967a: 13</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 7;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CA2B5EA7FEC02487" author="Hulley" firstAuthor="Hulley" page="166" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="151 - 220" refId="ref104963" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1970) An investigation of the Rajidae of the west and south coasts of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 55, 151 - 220." type="journal article" year="1970">Hulley, 1970: 166</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 6, pl. 2;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CEAE5EC3FD612487" author="Hulley" box="[462,664,1230,1256]" firstAuthor="Hulley" page="86" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref105041" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1972 a) The origin, interrelationships and distribution of southern African Rajidae (Chondrichthyes, Batoidei). Annals of the South African Museum, 60, 1 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1442499" type="journal article" year="1972" yearSuffix="a">Hulley, 1972a: 86</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 5859;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CC505EC3FC022487" author="Hulley" box="[816,1019,1230,1256]" firstAuthor="Hulley" page="123" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="115 - 128" refId="ref105183" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1986) Family Rajidae, Anacanthobatidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 115 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1986">Hulley, 1986: 123</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 25.15, pl.
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part, including
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CAE15EC2FECD2563" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">D. campbelli</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CE2C5EFFFDC72563" author="Stehmann, M." box="[332,574,1266,1293]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 119" refId="ref116339" refString="Stehmann, M. (1995) First and new records of skates (Chondrichthyes, Rajiformes, Rajidae) from the West African continental slope (Morocco to South Africa), with descriptions of two new species. Archiv f ̡ r Fischereiwissenschaft, 43 (1), 1 - 119." type="journal article" year="1995">Stehmann, 1995: 106</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CD295EFFFC4A2562" author="Walmsley-Hart, S. A. &amp; Sauer, W. H. H. &amp; Buxton, C. D." box="[585,947,1266,1293]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="165 - 179" refId="ref118535" refString="Walmsley-Hart, S. A., Sauer, W. H. H. &amp; Buxton, C. D. (1999) The biology of the skates Raja wallacei and R. pullopunctata (Batoidea: Rajidae) on the Agulhas Bank, South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science, 21, 165 - 179. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 025776199784126051" type="journal article" year="1999">
Walmsley-Hart
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CD9A5EFEFCD22563" box="[762,811,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al</emphasis>
., 1999: 165
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.
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CCDE5EFEFC0A2563" box="[958,1011,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Raja</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CB635EFEFB9E2563" box="[1027,1127,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Dipturus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CB175EFFFAEA2563" box="[1143,1299,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">pullopunctata</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CA415EFFFE80255F" author="Compagno" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="92" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CFA65F1AFF03255F" box="[198,250,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al</emphasis>
., 1989: 92
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, pl.;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CED45F1BFD15255E" author="Compagno" box="[436,748,1302,1329]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="95" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="43 - 139" refId="ref96066" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Cowley, P. D. (1991) Distribution of offshore demersal cartilaginous fishes (class Chondrichthyes) of the west coast of southern Africa, with notes on their systematics. South African Journal of Marine Science, 11, 43 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 025776191784287664" type="journal article" year="1991">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CD595F1AFD95255F" box="[569,620,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al</emphasis>
., 1991: 95
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CD9A5F1BFC0A255F" author="Ebert" box="[762,1011,1302,1329]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ebert" page="73" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="71 - 81" refId="ref99172" refString="Ebert, D. A., Cowley, P. D. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V. (1991) A preliminary investigation of the feeding ecology of skates (Batoidea: Rajidae) off the west coast of southern Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science, 10, 71 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 02577619109504621" type="journal article" year="1991">
Ebert
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CC205F1AFC8D255F" box="[832,884,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al</emphasis>
., 1991: 73
</bibRefCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CB615F1AFAF3255F" box="[1025,1290,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Dipturus pullopunctata</emphasis>
:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CA7A5F1BFEC0253B" author="Compagno" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="116" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref95720" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406" type="journal article" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 116</bibRefCitation>
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CE255F37FD5A253B" author="Ebert &amp; Compagno" box="[325,675,1338,1364]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="119" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="125 - 145" refId="ref96013" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Ebert, D. A. (2007) Southern African skate biodiversity and distribution. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 80, 125 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10641 - 007 - 9243 - 4" type="journal article" year="2007">Ebert &amp; Compagno, 2007: 119</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CDCF5F37FC59253B" author="Ebert" box="[687,928,1338,1365]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ebert" page="87" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="81 - 102" refId="ref98910" refString="Ebert, D. A., Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Cowley, P. D. (2008) Aspects on the reproductive biology of skates (Chondrichthyes: Rajiformes: Rajoidei) from southern African waters. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65, 81 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icesjms / fsm 169" type="journal article" year="2008">
Ebert
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CD935F36FCDC253B" box="[755,805,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al</emphasis>
., 2008: 87
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CCCC5F37FB94253A" author="NPOA" box="[940,1133,1338,1365]" firstAuthor="NPOA" page="55" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref110949" refString="NPOA. (2013) National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks). Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Rogge Bay, Cape Town, 63 pp." type="book" year="2013">NPOA, 2013: 55</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CB1A5F37FA6E253B" author="da Silva" box="[1146,1431,1338,1365]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="da Silva" page="247" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="233 - 248" refId="ref96965" refString="da Silva C., Booth, A. J., Dudley, S. F. J., Kerwath, S. E., Lamberth, S. J., Leslie, R. W., McCord, M. E., Sauer, W. H. H. &amp; Zweig, T. (2015) A description and updated overview of the status and management of South Africa's chondrichthyan fisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 233 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1044471" type="journal article" year="2015">
da Silva
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CBBC5F36FAF7253B" box="[1244,1294,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al</emphasis>
., 2015: 247
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CFA65F53FDE82517" author="Ebert &amp; van Hees" box="[198,529,1374,1401]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="147" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the &quot; Lost Sharks &quot; of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert &amp; van Hees, 2015: 147</bibRefCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CD7D5F52FCD72517" box="[541,814,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Dipturus pullopunctatus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CC5D5F52FB542517" author="Heemstra &amp; Heemstra" box="[829,1197,1374,1401]" firstAuthor="Heemstra" page="81" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref104374" refString="Heemstra, P. C. &amp; Heemstra, E. (2004) Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa. National Inquiry Service Centre and South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, 488 pp." type="book" year="2004">Heemstra &amp; Heemstra, 2004: 81</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CBD95F53FEC125F3" author="Compagno &amp; Ebert" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="139" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="125 - 145" refId="ref96013" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Ebert, D. A. (2007) Southern African skate biodiversity and distribution. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 80, 125 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10641 - 007 - 9243 - 4" type="journal article" year="2007">Compagno &amp; Ebert, 2007: 139</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 6d;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CEFB5F8FFDB325F3" author="Ebert D. A." box="[411,586,1410,1436]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref98383" refString="Ebert D. A. (2014) Deep-sea cartilaginous fishes of the Indian Ocean. Vol. 2. Batoids and chimaeras. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 8. Vol. 2. FAO, Rome, 129 pp." type="book" year="2014">Ebert, 2014: 61</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 88;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CDCD5F8FFC9325F3" author="Ebert, D. A." box="[685,874,1410,1437]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref98428" refString="Ebert, D. A. (2015) Deep-sea cartilaginous fishes of the Southeastern Atlantic Ocean. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 9. FAO, Rome, 251 pp." type="book" year="2015">Ebert, 2015: 177</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 199;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CCBB5F8EFB3E25F3" author="Last" box="[987,1223,1410,1437]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Last" page="22" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="11 - 34" refId="ref107873" refString="Last, P. R., Weigmann, S. &amp; Yang, L. (2016 f) Changes to the nomenclature of the skates (Chondrichthyes: Rajiformes). In: Last, P. R. &amp; Yearsley, G. K. (Eds.), Rays of the World: Supplementary Information. CSIRO Australian National Fish Collection, Hobart, pp. 11 - 34." type="book chapter" year="2016" yearSuffix="f">
Last
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CB725F8EFBBA25F3" box="[1042,1091,1410,1436]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al</emphasis>
., 2016f: 22
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CBB25F8EFF0A25AF" author="Last" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Last" page="270" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="204 - 363" refId="ref107642" refString="Last, P. R., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. &amp; Weigmann, S. (2016 g) Skates. Family Rajidae. In: Last, P. R., White, W. T., de Carvalho, M. E., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. &amp; Naylor, G. J. P. (Eds.), Rays of the World. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp. 204 - 363. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148" type="book chapter" year="2016" yearSuffix="g">
Last
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CA695F8EFAC325F3" box="[1289,1338,1410,1436]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al</emphasis>
.,
<quantity id="4CC39B529526FFC1CA2E5F8FFA6025F3" box="[1358,1433,1410,1436]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.016" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="g" value="2016.0">2016g</quantity>
: 270
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, fig. 19.61;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469526FFC1CE185FABFD8A25AF" author="Weigmann, S." box="[376,627,1446,1472]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 946</bibRefCitation>
.
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</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79526FFC1CFF75CAFFDD9268E" blockId="79.[151,1437,942,1869]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CFF75CAFFE2D26D3" bold="true" box="[151,468,1698,1724]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">South African distribution</emphasis>
: The Orange River (NC) to at least Algoa
<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559526FFC1CCD35CAEFC1926D2" box="[947,992,1699,1725]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Bay</collectingRegion>
(EC). Records from off
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349526FFC1CB955CAFFA6526D3" authority="(KZN)" baseAuthorityName="KZN" box="[1269,1436,1698,1724]" genus="Durban" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Durban (KZN)</taxonomicName>
may be based on
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349526FFC1CEE85CCAFDE1268F" authorityName=": Compagno" authorityYear="1999" box="[392,536,1734,1760]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Dipturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campbelli">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CEE85CCAFDE1268F" box="[392,536,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">D. campbelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9526FFC1CFF75CE7FDE92723" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79526FFC1CFF75CE7FBAC2746" blockId="79.[151,1437,942,1869]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CFF75CE7FEFD276B" bold="true" box="[151,260,1770,1796]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Remarks</emphasis>
: This distinct species was often confused by earlier researchers as
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349526FFC1CC8A5CE6FBA5276B" authorityName=": Norman" authorityYear="1935" box="[1002,1116,1770,1796]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batis">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CC8A5CE6FBA5276B" box="[1002,1116,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Raja batis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a European species, or with
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349526FFC1CFA65D02FE672747" authorityName=": Compagno" authorityYear="1999" box="[198,414,1806,1832]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Dipturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campbelli">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CFA65D02FE672747" box="[198,414,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Dipturus campbelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was once considered a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349526FFC1CCE55D02FBB42747" authorityName=": Heemstra &amp; Heemstra" authorityYear="2004" box="[901,1101,1806,1832]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Dipturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pullopunctatus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CCE55D02FBB42747" box="[901,1101,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">D. pullopunctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79526FFC1CFF75D3FFDE92723" blockId="79.[151,1437,942,1869]" box="[151,528,1842,1869]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59526FFC1CFF75D3FFE7D2723" bold="true" box="[151,388,1842,1868]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Conservation status</emphasis>
: LC (2020).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>