258 lines
33 KiB
XML
258 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<mods:mods id="24036AC7DD182AA7124D183366E566B7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5D2B0DDBEF497FC2316C8B12B9BE721A">
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<mods:title id="D751A94C9B765DAB7BF12BF7ABB90DAD">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="74E97689B7A1D41E8EBE00E08ED30385" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B1A3A025621F52C64724AD61DA7EFF5B">Ebert, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="8EF44F894B88298868D6878A88978C89" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0DB837CC755EB6FD1A082EF8463B082D">Wintner, Sabine P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B290F9B93780DED70DF3D02180180BB2">Kyne, Peter M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EE7F397D2A087E12B019DB03F8348ADE" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4494-2625</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="592D4B2B91E58F014277D8DA1E1D542B" type="email">debert@mlml.calstate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="52391D1390C169EB007A418E8CEC9755">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="97E723264D44E20C610A139028408CFB">
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<mods:date id="7E8A7C9F2D160FF104D773936DE0C3CC">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3B2E6DC2F197D09AF3DA5338E4A5D431">2021-03-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E784C24F6D9A5EB733F24DB8D5ABD376">4947</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039287A19509FFEECFF75B84FDE92459" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4697772" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181007032" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4697772" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A19509FFEECFF75B84FDE92459" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287A19509FFEECFF75B84FDE92459" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9509FFEECFF75B84FD8821A9" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79509FFEECFF75B84FD1721CD" blockId="96.[151,1437,392,1078]" box="[151,750,392,419]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<heading id="D0CC81DB9509FFEECFF75B84FD1721CD" bold="true" box="[151,750,392,419]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECFF75B84FD1721CD" ID-CoL="3HVQ7" ID-ENA="990590" authority="(Gilchrist & Thompson, 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Gilchrist & Thompson" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[151,750,392,419]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Gymnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natalensis">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECFF75B84FD1721CD" bold="true" box="[151,750,392,419]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECFF75B84FE7B21CC" bold="true" box="[151,386,392,419]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Gymnura natalensis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECEF25B84FD1F21CD" author="Gilchrist & Thompson" box="[402,742,392,419]" firstAuthor="Gilchrist" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="29 - 58" refId="ref102765" refString="Gilchrist, J. D. F. & Thompson, W. W. (1911) Descriptions of fishes from the coast of Natal. Pt 3. Annals of the South African Museum, 11 (2), 29 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 5070" type="journal article" year="1911">Gilchrist & Thompson, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79509FFEECFF75BA6FD8821A9" blockId="96.[151,1437,392,1078]" box="[151,625,427,454]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Diamond Ray or Backwater Butterfly Ray</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9509FFEECFF75BC3FE5C234F" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79509FFEECFF75BC3FD1B2264" blockId="96.[151,1437,392,1078]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69509FFEECFF75BC3FCF62186" author="Gilchrist, J. D. F. & Thompson, W. W." box="[151,783,462,489]" page="56" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" year="1911">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECFF75BC3FCF62186" ID-CoL="6WLSN" authority="Gilchrist & Thompson, 1911: 56" authorityName=": Gilchrist & Thompson" authorityPageNumber="56" authorityYear="1911" baseAuthorityName="Gilchrist & Thompson" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[151,783,462,489]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Pteroplatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natalensis">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECFF75BC3FE6D2187" box="[151,404,462,488]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Pteroplatea natalensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECEFC5BC3FCF62186" author="Gilchrist & Thompson" box="[412,783,462,489]" firstAuthor="Gilchrist" page="56" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="29 - 58" refId="ref102765" refString="Gilchrist, J. D. F. & Thompson, W. W. (1911) Descriptions of fishes from the coast of Natal. Pt 3. Annals of the South African Museum, 11 (2), 29 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 5070" type="journal article" year="1911">Gilchrist & Thompson, 1911: 56</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="548088159509FFEECC7A5BC3FC7B2187" box="[794,898,462,488]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(unique): SAM 10632. Type locality:
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<location id="8EE4606C9509FFEECA555BC3FAA22187" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A19509FFEECFF75B84FDE92459:8EE4606C9509FFEECA555BC3FAA22187" box="[1333,1371,462,488]" country="South Africa" municipality="Natal" name="Off" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" stateProvince="Western Cape">Off</location>
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<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559509FFEECA035BC3FA642187" box="[1379,1437,462,488]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Cape</collectingRegion>
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACCD9509FFEECFA65BFCFEFC2264" box="[198,261,497,523]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Natal</collectingMunicipality>
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, west by north for
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<quantity id="4CC39B529509FFEECEB85BFCFDB82264" box="[472,577,497,524]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0460736" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mi" value="6.5">6.5 miles</quantity>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32C76279509FFEECD2C5BFCFD272264" box="[588,734,497,523]" name="South Africa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79509FFEECFF75819FE5C234F" blockId="96.[151,1437,392,1078]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECFF75819FEA02241" bold="true" box="[151,345,532,558]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Local synonymy</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECE07581EFD9B2242" ID-CoL="6WLSN" authority=": Gilchrist & Thompson, 1911: 56" authorityName=": Gilchrist & Thompson" authorityPageNumber="56" authorityYear="1911" baseAuthorityName="Gilchrist & Thompson" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[359,610,531,557]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Pteroplatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natalensis">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECE07581EFD9B2242" box="[359,610,531,557]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Pteroplatea natalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69509FFEECD0F581EFC202241" box="[623,985,531,558]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECD0F581EFC202241" author="Gilchrist & Thompson" box="[623,985,531,558]" firstAuthor="Gilchrist" page="56" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="29 - 58" refId="ref102765" refString="Gilchrist, J. D. F. & Thompson, W. W. (1911) Descriptions of fishes from the coast of Natal. Pt 3. Annals of the South African Museum, 11 (2), 29 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 5070" type="journal article" year="1911">Gilchrist & Thompson, 1911: 56</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECC845819FAC82241" author="von Bonde, C. & Swart, D. B." box="[996,1329,531,558]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. & Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. " Pickle ". University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde & Swart, 1923: 17</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECA5B581EFED4223F" author="Barnard" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="81" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 418" refId="ref92438" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418." type="journal article" year="1925">Barnard, 1925: 81</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECE59583BFE0B223F" author="Smith" box="[313,498,566,592]" firstAuthor="Smith" page="83" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref114350" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1934) The growth changes of Pteroplatea natalensis, G and T. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa," type="book" year="1934">Smith, 1934: 83</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECE9E583BFD1A223F" ID-CoL="4Q2K9" authority=": Barnard, 1925: 80" authorityName="Barnard" authorityPageNumber="80" authorityYear="1925" box="[510,739,566,592]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Pteroplatea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="micrura">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECE9E583BFD1A223F" box="[510,739,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Pteroplatea micrura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69509FFEECD93583BFC3B223F" box="[755,962,566,593]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECD93583BFC3B223F" author="Barnard" box="[755,962,566,593]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="80" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 418" refId="ref92438" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418." type="journal article" year="1925">Barnard, 1925: 80</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECCAE583AFA65223E" ID-CoL="6KVLT" authority=": Fowler, 1941: 450" authorityName="Fowler" authorityPageNumber="450" authorityYear="1941" box="[974,1436,566,593]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Gymnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tentaculata">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECCAE583AFB47223F" box="[974,1214,566,593]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Gymnura tentaculata</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECBAD583BFA65223E" author="Fowler" box="[1229,1436,566,593]" firstAuthor="Fowler" page="450" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 879" refId="ref101290" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1941) The fishes of the groups Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, Isospondyli, and Ostarophysi obtained by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries streamer " Albatross " in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Bulletin United States National Museum, 100, 1 - 879." type="journal article" year="1941">Fowler, 1941: 450</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(in part).
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECE535854FD19221C" ID-CoL="3HVPZ" authority=": Smith, 1949 a: 71" authorityName=": Smith" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1949" box="[307,736,601,627]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Gymnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japonica">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECE535854FDF1221C" box="[307,520,601,627]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Gymnura japonica</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECD795854FD19221C" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[537,736,601,627]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref114538" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp." type="book" year="1949">Smith, 1949a: 71</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECD8E5854FC16221C" author="Compagno" box="[750,1007,601,627]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="138" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="144 - 147" refId="ref95556" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Pristidae, Narkidae, Rhinobatidae, Myliobatidae, Mobulidae, Dasyatidae, Chimaeridae, Rhinochimaeridae, Callorhinchidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 110 - 142, 144 - 147." type="journal article" year="1986">Compagno, 1986: 138</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECC9D5854FB03221C" author="Compagno" box="[1021,1274,601,627]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="117" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref95720" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406" type="journal article" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 117</bibRefCitation>
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(?).
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECA525854FDF022F9" ID-CoL="3HVQ7" authority=": Smith, 1949 a: 71" authorityName=": Smith" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1949" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Gymnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natalensis">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECA525854FEC122FA" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Gymnura natalensis</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECE275876FDF022F9" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[327,521,635,662]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref114538" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp." type="book" year="1949">Smith, 1949a: 71</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 86;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECD0E5876FCDC22F9" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[622,805,635,662]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref115700" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp." type="book" year="1965">Smith, 1965: 71</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 86;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECCEA5876FB5E22F9" author="Smith, J. L. B. & Smith, M. M." box="[906,1191,635,662]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref115867" refString="Smith, J. L. B. & Smith, M. M. (1966) Fishes of the Tsitsikama National Park. National Parks Board Trust, Pretoria, 161 pp." type="book" year="1966">Smith & Smith, 1966: 32</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, fig.;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECB885876FF1D22D7" author="Wallace, J. H." pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref118483" refString="Wallace, J. H. (1967 c) The batoid fishes of the east coast of southern Africa. Part II: manta, eagle, duckbill, cownose, butterfly and sting rays. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 16, 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1967">Wallace, 1967c: 26</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, fig. 12;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECE305893FDA922D7" author="Compagno" box="[336,592,670,696]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="138" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="144 - 147" refId="ref95556" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Pristidae, Narkidae, Rhinobatidae, Myliobatidae, Mobulidae, Dasyatidae, Chimaeridae, Rhinochimaeridae, Callorhinchidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 110 - 142, 144 - 147." type="journal article" year="1986">Compagno, 1986: 138</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, fig. 30.7, pl. 5;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECC765893FBA222D7" author="Compagno" box="[790,1115,670,697]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="110" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
|
|
Compagno
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECCFA5892FC3722D7" box="[922,974,670,696]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">et al</emphasis>
|
|
., 1989: 110
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, pl.;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECBF75893FA6E22D7" author="Compagno" box="[1175,1431,670,696]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="117" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref95720" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406" type="journal article" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 117</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECFA658CCFDC222B3" author="Heemstra & Heemstra" box="[198,571,705,732]" firstAuthor="Heemstra" page="85" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref104374" refString="Heemstra, P. C. & Heemstra, E. (2004) Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa. National Inquiry Service Centre and South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, 488 pp." type="book" year="2004">Heemstra & Heemstra, 2004: 85</bibRefCitation>
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|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECD2858CCFCF922B3" author="Mann" box="[584,768,705,732]" firstAuthor="Mann" page="55" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref109360" refString="Mann, B. Q. (2013) Southern African marine linefish species profiles. Oceanographic Research Institute, Special Publication, 9, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="2013">Mann, 2013: 55</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECC6E58CCFC2822B4" author="NPOA" box="[782,977,705,731]" firstAuthor="NPOA" page="62" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref110949" refString="NPOA. (2013) National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks). Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Rogge Bay, Cape Town, 63 pp." type="book" year="2013">NPOA, 2013: 62</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69509FFEECCBF58CCFAFA22B4" box="[991,1283,705,732]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECCBF58CCFAFA22B4" author="da Silva" box="[991,1283,705,732]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="da Silva" page="246" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="233 - 248" refId="ref96965" refString="da Silva C., Booth, A. J., Dudley, S. F. J., Kerwath, S. E., Lamberth, S. J., Leslie, R. W., McCord, M. E., Sauer, W. H. H. & Zweig, T. (2015) A description and updated overview of the status and management of South Africa's chondrichthyan fisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 233 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1044471" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
|
da Silva
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECB2458CFFB8E22B4" box="[1092,1143,705,731]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">et al</emphasis>
|
|
., 2015: 246
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECA7058CCFE792291" author="Ebert & van Hees" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="147" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. & van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the " Lost Sharks " of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 147</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECEEB58EEFD7F2291" author="Weigmann, S." box="[395,646,739,766]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 979</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECDF158EEFC5B2291" author="Yokota, L. & White, W. T. & de Carvalho, M. R." box="[657,930,739,766]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="511 - 521" refId="ref120592" refString="Yokota, L., White, W. T. & de Carvalho, M. R. (2016) Butterfly rays. Family Gymnuridae. In: Last, P. R., White, W. T., de Carvalho, M. E., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. & Naylor, G. J. P. (Eds.), Rays of the World. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp. 511 - 521. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148" type="book chapter" year="2016">
|
|
Yokota
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECD8858E9FCD92292" box="[744,800,739,765]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2016: 518
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, fig. 24.7.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECB7A58E9FF1D234F" ID-CoL="3HVQ5" authority=": Barnard, 1959: 27" authorityName="Barnard" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="1959" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Gymnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="micrura">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECB7A58E9FB1C2292" box="[1050,1253,740,766]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Gymnura micrura</emphasis>
|
|
:
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECB9458EEFF1D234F" author="Barnard" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="27" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref92752" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1959) A Pictorial Guide to South African Fishes. Marine and Freshwater. Maskew Miller Ltd, Cape Town, 226 pp." type="book" year="1959">Barnard, 1959: 27</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, figs. 5, 5a, pl. 4.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C321653C9509FFEECFF75924FE9823C4" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8436B79509FFEECFF75924FC8D2309" blockId="96.[151,1437,392,1078]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECFF75924FDF8232C" bold="true" box="[151,513,809,835]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279509FFEECFF75924FED7232C" box="[151,302,809,835]" name="South Africa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
|
voucher material
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
:
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729509FFEECD705924FD9D232C" box="[528,612,809,835]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
|
|
5023,
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729509FFEECDD05924FCFD232C" box="[688,772,809,835]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
|
|
7859 [former
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729509FFEECCC65924FC2F232C" box="[934,982,809,835]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2jx-p0kp" name="Ocean Research Institute" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">ORI</collectionCode>
|
|
B99],
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729509FFEECB435924FB8E232C" box="[1059,1143,809,835]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
|
|
7863 [former
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729509FFEECA785924FAB1232C" box="[1304,1352,809,835]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2jx-p0kp" name="Ocean Research Institute" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">ORI</collectionCode>
|
|
B651],
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729509FFEECFA65941FEE32309" box="[198,282,844,870]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
|
|
13325,
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729509FFEECE155941FE302309" box="[373,457,844,870]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
|
|
25299,
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729509FFEECD445941FD812309" box="[548,632,844,870]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
|
|
26471,
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729509FFEECDB35941FCDE2309" box="[723,807,844,870]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
|
|
48832
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8436B79509FFEECFF75963FE9823C4" blockId="96.[151,1437,392,1078]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECFF75963FE1D23E7" bold="true" box="[151,484,878,904]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">South African distribution</emphasis>
|
|
: Entire coast from the Orange River (NC) to the northern KZN border with
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279509FFEECFA6599CFEA723C4" box="[198,350,913,939]" name="Mozambique" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C321653C9509FFEECFF759B9FDE92459" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8436B79509FFEECFF759B9FADF247B" blockId="96.[151,1437,392,1078]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECFF759B9FEFD23A1" bold="true" box="[151,260,948,974]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Remarks</emphasis>
|
|
: Although
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECEE259B9FDFE23A2" authorityName=": Smith" authorityYear="1949" box="[386,519,948,974]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Gymnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECEE259B9FDFE23A2" box="[386,519,948,974]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">G. japonica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is sometimes listed as occurring in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279509FFEECCF859BEFBD023A2" box="[920,1065,947,973]" name="South Africa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECB5459B9FB3023A2" authorityName=": Smith" authorityYear="1949" box="[1076,1225,947,974]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Gymnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECB5459B9FB3023A2" box="[1076,1225,947,974]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">G. natalensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is the only species occurring in the area.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECED859DBFD6E239E" author="Yokota, L. & White, W. T. & de Carvalho, M. R." box="[440,663,982,1009]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="511 - 521" refId="ref120592" refString="Yokota, L., White, W. T. & de Carvalho, M. R. (2016) Butterfly rays. Family Gymnuridae. In: Last, P. R., White, W. T., de Carvalho, M. E., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. & Naylor, G. J. P. (Eds.), Rays of the World. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp. 511 - 521. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148" type="book chapter" year="2016">
|
|
Yokota
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECD6E59DAFDBF239F" box="[526,582,982,1008]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2016)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
suggested that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECC2359DAFC46239F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[835,959,982,1009]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Gymnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altavela">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECC2359DAFC46239F" box="[835,959,982,1009]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">G. altavela</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is very similar and the two species may be synonymous, but molecular data indicates that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349509FFEECDB459F4FC90247C" authorityName=": Smith" authorityYear="1949" box="[724,873,1017,1043]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Gymnuridae" genus="Gymnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECDB459F4FC90247C" box="[724,873,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">G. natalensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is a distinct species (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469509FFEECB3559F4FAE3247B" author="Weigmann, S." box="[1109,1306,1017,1044]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8436B79509FFEECFF75E16FDE92459" blockId="96.[151,1437,392,1078]" box="[151,528,1051,1078]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59509FFEECFF75E16FE7D2459" bold="true" box="[151,388,1051,1078]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Conservation status</emphasis>
|
|
: LC (2019).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |