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<mods:title id="6A32406EBB9695DC8DA68D220E3BF599">The remarkable Ponto-Caspian amphipod diversity of the lower Durso River (SW Caucasus) with the description of Litorogammarus dursi gen. et sp. nov.</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="0BF00CF42E2392939B7B73F497186BD6">A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, 119071, Moscow, Russia &amp; triops @ yandex. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8826 - 9316</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD6A416FF55FAAB8B55FAB9" bold="true" box="[151,522,1333,1360]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Pectenogammarus oliviiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD6A416FDDBFAA88BEFFAA6" author="Greze, I. I." box="[537,688,1333,1359]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CAE7DFFD6A416FD02FAA88A19FAA6" box="[704,838,1333,1359]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="1300D391FFD6A416FF55FAC48848FA9A" box="[151,279,1369,1395]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 14" captionStart-1="FIGURE 15" captionStart-2="FIGURE 16" captionStart-3="FIGURE 17" captionStartId-0="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="25.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-3="27.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[178,1409,183,1918]" captionTargetBox-1="[178,1406,187,1914]" captionTargetBox-2="[173,1411,185,1916]" captionTargetBox-3="[179,1402,182,1916]" captionTargetId-0="figure-35@24.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@25.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId-2="figure-35@26.[173,1414,181,1919]" captionTargetId-3="figure-17@27.[175,1413,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="24" captionTargetPageId-1="25" captionTargetPageId-2="26" captionTargetPageId-3="27" captionText-0="FIGURE 14. Pectenogammarus oliviiformis (Greze, 1985) comb. nov., Ô (a, b, d, e, g, h, j, k), ♀ (c, f, i, l): a, c—antenna I; b—accessory flagellum of antenna I; d, f—antenna II; e—calceoli of AII; g, i—gnathopod I; h—palmar margin of chela of GnI; j, l—gnathopod II; k—palmar margin of chela of GnII." captionText-1="FIGURE 15. Pectenogammarus oliviiformis (Greze, 1985) comb. nov., Ô: a—upper lip; b—lower lip; c—left mandible; d— same, incisor process and pars incisiva; e—right mandible; f—same, incisor process and pars incisiva; g—maxilla I; h—same, distal spines of outer lobe; i—maxilla II; j—maxilliped." captionText-2="FIGURE 16. Pectenogammarus oliviiformis (Greze, 1985) comb. nov., Ô: a—pereopod III; b—dactylus of PIII; c—pereopod IV; d—dactylus of PIV; e—pereopod V; f—dactylus of PV; g—pereopod VI; h—dactylus of PVI; i—pereopod VII; j—dactylus of PVII." captionText-3="FIGURE 17. Pectenogammarus oliviiformis (Greze, 1985) comb. nov., Ô (a, c, e, g, i, j, k, m, o), ♀ (b, d, f, h, l, n, p): a–f— epimeral plates I–III; g, h—telson I; i—pleopod I; j—retinacula of pleopod I; k, l—uropods I; m, n—uropod II; p, o—uropod III." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8014082" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009174" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009176" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8014086" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8014082/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8009174/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8009176/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/8014086/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Figs 14–17</figureCitation>
, 18 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD6A416FEFCFAC4883FFA9A" box="[318,352,1369,1395]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">c–f</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD6A416FF55FA038898FA5F" box="[151,455,1438,1462]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Chaetogammarus oliviiformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD6A416FE0FFA038B2EFA5F" author="Greze, I. I." box="[461,625,1438,1462]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985: 68</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 30 [
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locality—Sevastopol Bay, Crimea].
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25 
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, 
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, coll. 
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&amp; 
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.
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Additional material. 
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—the eastern part of 
<collectingCounty id="62E5B798FFD6A416FF55F9E98855F966" box="[151,266,1652,1679]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Laspi Bay</collectingCounty>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FA9D3FFD6A416FED6F9E988EDF966" box="[276,434,1652,1679]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" precision="1" seconds="45.3" value="44.412586">44°24’45.3”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FA9D3FFD6A416FE7BF9E98B09F966" box="[441,598,1652,1679]" degrees="33" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" precision="1" seconds="56.3" value="33.71564">33°42’56.3”E</geoCoordinate>
, under the upper layer of pebble and stones, 
<collectingMethod id="527AB703FFD6A416FB86F9E98D82F966" box="[1092,1245,1652,1679]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">with hand net</collectingMethod>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26CEAAC2FFD6A416FADDF9E98CC8F966" box="[1311,1431,1652,1679]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Marin I.N.</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FF85E9D4FFD6A416FF55F9058846F95B" box="[151,281,1688,1714]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" value="2020-03-06">
<collectingDate id="EFC1103CFFD6A416FF55F9058846F95B" box="[151,281,1688,1714]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" value="2020-03-06">03.06.2020</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B53C549FFD6A416FEE5F9048C40F93F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4127549304" collectingDate="2020-06-22" collectionCode="OO, LEMMI" collectorName="Marin I. N." county="Karadag Bay" latitude="44.911503" location="Northeastern Black Sea" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="35.19914" municipality="Crimean Peninsula" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" specimenCount="15" specimenCount-female="15">
10 
<collectionCode id="ED2A57D1FFD6A416FE81F904882FF95D" box="[323,368,1689,1716]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">ÔÔ</collectionCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D3D049DFFD6A416FEBDF9058899F95A" box="[383,454,1688,1715]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" type="female">15♀♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A57D1FFD6A416FE14F9058B6CF95B" box="[470,563,1688,1714]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">LEMMI</collectionCode>
— 
<location id="8EE499CFFFD6A416FD8DF9058A3EF95B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03927E02FFD6A41DFF55FAAB8C72FE6F:8EE499CFFFD6A416FD8DF9058A3EF95B" box="[591,865,1688,1714]" county="Karadag Bay" latitude="44.911503" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="35.19914" municipality="Crimean Peninsula" name="Northeastern Black Sea" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Northeastern Black Sea</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0556EFFD6A416FCADF9058D15F95B" box="[879,1098,1688,1714]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Crimean Peninsula</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62E5B798FFD6A416FB9AF9058DB0F95A" box="[1112,1263,1688,1715]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Karadag Bay</collectingCounty>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FA9D3FFD6A416FB3CF9058CC2F95A" box="[1278,1437,1688,1715]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" precision="1" seconds="41.4" value="44.911503">44°54’41.4”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FA9D3FFD6A416FF55F921886CF93E" box="[151,307,1724,1751]" degrees="35" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" precision="1" seconds="56.9" value="35.19914">35°11’56.9”E</geoCoordinate>
, under the upper layer of pebble and stones, 
<collectingMethod id="527AB703FFD6A416FCF1F9218A8FF93E" box="[819,976,1724,1751]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">with hand net</collectingMethod>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26CEAAC2FFD6A416FBD4F9218DD0F93E" box="[1046,1167,1724,1751]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Marin I.N.</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FF85E9D4FFD6A416FB5FF9218C40F93F" box="[1181,1311,1724,1750]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" value="2020-06-22">
<collectingDate id="EFC1103CFFD6A416FB5FF9218C40F93F" box="[1181,1311,1724,1750]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" value="2020-06-22">22.06.2020</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B53C549FFD6A416FAEBF9218A8AF8F7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4127549308" collectingDate="2022-06-18" collectionCode="OO, LEMMI" collectorName="Marin I. N. &amp; D. M. Palatov" county="Ochamchira" latitude="42.70767" location="Abkhazia" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="41.46311" municipality="Ochamchira district" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="12">
<location id="8EE499CFFFD6A416FAEBF9218CC6F93F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03927E02FFD6A41DFF55FAAB8C72FE6F:8EE499CFFFD6A416FAEBF9218CC6F93F" box="[1321,1433,1724,1750]" county="Ochamchira" latitude="42.70767" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="41.46311" municipality="Ochamchira district" name="Abkhazia" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Abkhazia</location>
: 14 
<collectionCode id="ED2A57D1FFD6A416FF71F97C89BFF915" box="[179,224,1761,1788]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">ÔÔ</collectionCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D3D049DFFD6A416FF2DF97D8869F913" box="[239,310,1760,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" type="female">12♀♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A57D1FFD6A416FE84F97D88FCF913" box="[326,419,1760,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">LEMMI</collectionCode>
— 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0556EFFD6A416FE7DF97D8BFCF913" box="[447,675,1760,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Ochamchira district</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62E5B798FFD6A416FD70F97D8A61F913" box="[690,830,1760,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Ochamchira</collectingCounty>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FA9D3FFD6A416FC8EF97D8AB5F913" box="[844,1002,1760,1786]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" precision="1" seconds="27.6" value="42.70767">42°42’27.6”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FA9D3FFD6A416FC36F97D8DCDF913" box="[1012,1170,1760,1786]" degrees="41" direction="east" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" precision="1" seconds="47.2" value="41.46311">41°27’47.2”E</geoCoordinate>
, in the pebble close to the sea mall, 
<collectingMethod id="527AB703FFD6A416FEECF8998893F8F6" box="[302,460,1796,1823]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">with hand net</collectingMethod>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26CEAAC2FFD6A416FDD3F8998BD6F8F6" box="[529,649,1796,1823]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Marin I.N.</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26CEAAC2FFD6A416FD6DF8988A18F8F7" box="[687,839,1796,1823]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">D.M. Palatov</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FF85E9D4FFD6A416FC91F8998A8AF8F7" box="[851,981,1796,1822]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" value="2022-06-18">
<collectingDate id="EFC1103CFFD6A416FC91F8998A8AF8F7" box="[851,981,1796,1822]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" value="2022-06-18">18.06.2022</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B53C549FFD6A416FC23F8998B0AF88F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4127549306" collectingDate="2022-06-21" collectionCode="OO, LEMMI" collectorName="Marin I. N. &amp; D. M. Palatov" country="Russia" latitude="43.50811" location="Sochi area" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="39.86722" municipality="Khosta" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" specimenCount="18" specimenCount-female="18">
<collectingCountry id="F32C8F84FFD6A416FC23F8998DE2F8F7" box="[993,1213,1796,1822]" name="Russia" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Russian Federation</collectingCountry>
, 
<location id="8EE499CFFFD6A416FB0BF8998C1BF8F6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03927E02FFD6A41DFF55FAAB8C72FE6F:8EE499CFFFD6A416FB0BF8998C1BF8F6" box="[1225,1348,1796,1823]" country="Russia" latitude="43.50811" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="39.86722" municipality="Khosta" name="Sochi area" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Sochi area</location>
: 16 
<collectionCode id="ED2A57D1FFD6A416FAA9F8988CC7F8C9" box="[1387,1432,1797,1824]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">ÔÔ</collectionCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D3D049DFFD6A416FF55F8B58980F8AB" box="[151,223,1832,1858]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" type="female">18♀♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A57D1FFD6A416FF2CF8B58812F8AB" box="[238,333,1832,1858]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">LEMMI</collectionCode>
— 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0556EFFD6A416FEA8F8B588E5F8AB" box="[362,442,1832,1858]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Khosta</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FA9D3FFD6A416FE0AF8B58B39F8AB" box="[456,614,1832,1858]" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" precision="1" seconds="29.2" value="43.50811">43°30’29.2”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FA9D3FFD6A416FDB2F8B58A51F8AA" box="[624,782,1832,1859]" degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" precision="1" seconds="02.0" value="39.86722">39°52’02.0”E</geoCoordinate>
, in the pebble close to the sea mall, 
<collectingMethod id="527AB703FFD6A416FB7EF8B58C02F8AA" box="[1212,1373,1832,1859]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">with hand net</collectingMethod>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26CEAAC2FFD6A416FF55F8D18851F88E" box="[151,270,1868,1895]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Marin I.N.</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26CEAAC2FFD6A416FEF0F8D08896F88F" box="[306,457,1868,1895]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">D.M. Palatov</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FF85E9D4FFD6A416FE16F8D18B0AF88F" box="[468,597,1868,1894]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" value="2022-06-21">
<collectingDate id="EFC1103CFFD6A416FE16F8D18B0AF88F" box="[468,597,1868,1894]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" value="2022-06-21">21.06.2022</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3219C9FFFD6A417FF05F8ED8D7AFA28" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="506" pageId="22" pageNumber="505" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD6A417FF05F8ED88D2FEF4" blockId="22.[151,1437,1508,2038]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,151,1941]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="506" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD6A416FF05F8ED881DF863" bold="true" box="[199,322,1904,1930]" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD6A416FE88F8ED88D8F863" box="[330,391,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Head</emphasis>
with concave anteroventral lobe. Pleon with urosomite I with a pair of submedian posterior stout spines and several marginal setae; urosomite II with 2 marginal spines on each side and a pair of median stout spines; urosomite III with 1 marginal spine of each side. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD6A416FC9AF8258A99F83B" box="[856,966,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Antenna I</emphasis>
with 4-6-segmented accessory flagellum. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD6A416FF55F8418850F81F" box="[151,271,2012,2038]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Antenna II</emphasis>
with short rounded calceoli in males. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD6A416FD02F8418A10F81F" box="[704,847,2012,2038]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="505">Gnathopod I</emphasis>
with teardrop-shaped propodus (palm) with oblique palmar margin. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FE93FF0A88B2FF59" box="[337,493,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Gnathopod II</emphasis>
with trapezoidal propodus with oblique palmar margin in males and rectangular elongated with straight palmar margin in females. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FD05FF268AD8FF3D" box="[711,903,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Pereopods V–VII</emphasis>
with basis bearing feebly marked ventral lobes. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FF55FF4289A0FF10" box="[151,255,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Pleopods</emphasis>
with 2 elongated hooks and 1–2 thick bristles in retinacules. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FC68FF428D03FF10" box="[938,1116,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Epimeral plates</emphasis>
with sharp but not produced posteroventral angles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD7A417FF05FEBB8AD0FC68" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FF05FEBB88E2FEA9" bold="true" box="[199,445,294,320]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Short re-description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FE03FEBA88A4FEA8" box="[449,507,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Body</emphasis>
unpigmented, generally smooth, non-carinate. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FC3EFEBA8D62FEA8" box="[1020,1085,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Pleon</emphasis>
with free urosomites, 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FAEFFEBA89FFFE8D" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">urosomite I</emphasis>
with a pair of submedian posterior stout spines and several marginal setae; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FBC4FED68DCEFE8D" box="[1030,1169,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">urosomite II</emphasis>
with 2 marginal spines on each side and a pair of median stout spines; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FD65FEF28A66FE61" box="[679,825,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">urosomite III</emphasis>
with 1 marginal spine of each side. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FB0FFEF28C55FE60" box="[1229,1290,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Head</emphasis>
with distally concave anteroventral lobe. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FE1CFE0E8B57FE45" box="[478,520,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Eye</emphasis>
reniform, well pigmented. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FC88FE0E8AE4FE45" box="[842,955,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Antenna I</emphasis>
smooth, non-setose, with 4–6-segmented accessory flagellum, with small aesthetascs. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FD52FE2A8A57FE39" box="[656,776,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Antenna II</emphasis>
subequal to AI, densely covered with long setae in males, with short rounded calceoli in males. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FD81FE468BEEFE1C" box="[579,689,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Upper lip</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FD00FE468A4CFE1C" box="[706,787,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">labrum</emphasis>
) with convex distal part. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FBFAFE468DFAFE1C" box="[1080,1189,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Lower lip</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FB75FE468C5AFE1C" box="[1207,1285,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">labium</emphasis>
) with mostly reduced inner lobes. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FEBDFE6288B5FDF0" box="[383,490,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Mandible</emphasis>
with outer lobe subequal to inner lobe, not expanding distally, with long and distally flattened incisor teeth in some species. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FD89FDBE8BEDFDD5" box="[587,690,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Maxilla I</emphasis>
with outer plate bearing hairbrush-like distal setae, with outer lobe subequal to inner lobe, inner plate distally expanding or not, with a row of small marginal setae. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FB2DFDDA8C3DFD89" box="[1263,1378,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Maxilla II</emphasis>
with outer lobe wider than inner lobe, bluntly expanding distally. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FC8BFDF68A9DFD6C" box="[841,962,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Maxilliped</emphasis>
with outer and inner plates wide, distally bluntly rounded. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FE9EFD1288B3FD41" box="[348,492,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Gnathopod I</emphasis>
smaller than GnII, not sexually dimorphic, propodus (palm) teardrop-shaped with oblique palmar margin. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FE60FD2E8B66FD25" box="[418,569,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Gnathopod II</emphasis>
also not sexually dimorphic, trapezoidal with oblique palmar margin in males and rectangular elongated with straight palmar margin in females. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FC4EFD4A8D11FD19" box="[908,1102,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Pereopods V–VII</emphasis>
with basis (article 2) bearing feebly marked ventral lobes. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FE19FD668B1CFCFC" box="[475,579,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Pleopods</emphasis>
with 2 elongated hooks and 1–2 thick bristles in retinacules. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FB29FD668C3BFCFD" box="[1259,1380,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Uropod III</emphasis>
with outer ramus broad, about 3–4 times as long as wide, with reduced distal article furnished with numerous long simple distal setae. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FEDDFCDE888EFCB4" box="[287,465,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Epimeral plates</emphasis>
with sharp but not produced posteroventral angles. 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FBCDFCDE8D08FCB4" box="[1039,1111,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Telson</emphasis>
entirely cleft, with elongated suboval lobes armed with strong stout apical and submedian spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD7A417FF05FC178DFDFC4C" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1941]" box="[199,1186,906,933]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FF05FC178810FC4D" bold="true" box="[199,335,906,932]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Coloration.</emphasis>
Body and appendages translucent. Eyes cornea silver or brown (see 
<figureCitation id="1300D391FFD7A417FB93FC168DCBFC4C" box="[1105,1172,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,846,1795]" captionTargetId="figure-277@5.[151,1436,841,1800]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree based on COI. Number above nodes represent ultrafast bootstrap (UFBS) and Shimodaira-Hasegawa approximate likelihood ratio test (SHaLRT) values. Number below nodes represent posterior probabilities (PP). Strongly supported nodes in all analyses are shown with green circles. Species from Durso River are indicated with red arrows. Taxonomically relevant taxa are shown with various colors. Species belonging to Chaetogammarus are shown with dotted branches." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009133/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD7A417FF05FC328D9AFC20" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1941]" box="[199,1221,942,971]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FF05FC328860FC21" bold="true" box="[199,319,942,969]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Body size.</emphasis>
The largest collected 
<specimenCount id="9D3D049DFFD7A417FDF4FC328B14FC20" box="[566,587,943,969]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
has tbl. 6.0 mm; the largest collected Ô has tbl. 9.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD7A417FF05FC4F8C4BFC04" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1941]" box="[199,1300,978,1007]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FF05FC4F8B79FC04" bold="true" box="[199,550,978,1005]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">GenBank accession numbers.</emphasis>
OP466479, OP466456, OP466425 (Copilaș-Ciocianu 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FB4EFC4E8D9BFC04" box="[1164,1220,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">et al.</emphasis>
2022).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD7A417FF05FC6B8B79FB00" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FF05FC6B88A3FBF9" bold="true" box="[199,508,1014,1041]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Habitat and distribution.</emphasis>
One of the most widely distributed coastal species presently known along the northeastern Black Sea coast, from Sevastopol area (
<typeStatus id="548071B6FFD7A417FD3DFB868A6EFBDC" box="[767,817,1051,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">type</typeStatus>
locality) (after 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FC28FB868D27FBDC" author="Greze, I. I." box="[1002,1144,1050,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
) to the eastern Abkhazia (present study). Rather small pebble-dwelling species, living together with 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FC29FBA28C13FBB0" authorityName="Marin &amp; Palatov &amp; Copilaș-Ciocianu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Grintsov" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1003,1356,1087,1113]" class="Malacostraca" family="Talitridae" genus="Litorogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karadagiensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FC29FBA28C13FBB0" box="[1003,1356,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Litorogammarus karadagiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FA96FBA28997FB94" bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CAE7DFFD7A417FA96FBA28997FB94" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
under the upper layer of the pebble, boulder and stones, where both species form sufficiently large aggregations of heterosexual and different-aged individuals. Probably this species was often confused with other coastal dwelling species, such as 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FE8CFB368A6BFB2C" authority="(Schellenberg, 1928)" baseAuthorityName="Schellenberg" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[334,820,1195,1221]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Echinogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foxi">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FE8CFB368B1BFB2C" box="[334,580,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Echinogammarus foxi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FD90FB368A73FB2C" author="Schellenberg, A." box="[594,812,1195,1221]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" pagination="633 - 692" refId="ref15258" refString="Schellenberg, A. (1928) Report on Amphipoda. Zoological results of the Cambridge Expedition to the Suez Canal. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 22, 633 - 692. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1928. tb 00209. x" type="journal article" year="1928">Schellenberg, 1928</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FCA8FB368CC3FB2C" authority="(H. Milne Edwards, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[874,1436,1195,1221]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Echinogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olivii">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FCA8FB368D2FFB2C" box="[874,1136,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Echinogammarus olivii</emphasis>
(H. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FB60FB368CCBFB2C" author="Milne Edwards, H." box="[1186,1428,1195,1221]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" pagination="353 - 399" refId="ref14573" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1830). Extrait de recherches pour servir a l'histoire naturelle des crustaces amphipodes. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 20, 353 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 12300" type="journal article" year="1830">Milne Edwards, 1830</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FF15FB52883CFB00" author="Greze, I. I." box="[215,355,1230,1257]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FEADFB528B45FB00" author="Grintsov, V. A." box="[367,538,1231,1257]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" pagination="22 - 26" refId="ref13660" refString="Grintsov, V. A. (2016) Dynamics of population structure of two species of the genus Echinogammarus (Gammaridae, Amphipoda) from Laspi Bay (Crimea, Black Sea). Marine Biological Journal, 1 (3), 22 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.21072 / mbj. 2016.01.3.03" type="journal article" year="2016">Grintsov, 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD7A417FF05FB6F8D7AFA28" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FF05FB6F8B4CFAE5" bold="true" box="[199,531,1266,1292]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Molecular-genetic analysis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FDE0FB6E8D6BFAE4" authority="(Greze, 1985)" authorityName="Marin &amp; Palatov &amp; Copilaș-Ciocianu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Greze" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[546,1076,1266,1293]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oliviiformis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FDE0FB6E8ADDFAE4" box="[546,898,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Pectenogammarus oliviiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FC5BFB6E8D73FAE4" author="Greze, I. I." box="[921,1068,1266,1293]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FB81FB6E8D94FAE4" bold="true" box="[1091,1227,1267,1293]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CAE7DFFD7A417FB81FB6E8D94FAE4" box="[1091,1227,1267,1293]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is deeply nested within Atlantic-Mediterranean clade (
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FD80FA8A8A4DFAD9" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1940" box="[578,786,1303,1328]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FD80FA8A8A4DFAD9" box="[578,786,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Pectenogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FCF9FA8A8C72FAD8" authority="sensu Hou &amp; Sket 2018" authorityName="sensu Hou &amp; Sket" authorityYear="2018" box="[827,1325,1303,1329]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Homoeogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FCF9FA8A8D08FAD9" box="[827,1111,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Homoeogammarus sensu</emphasis>
Hou &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FB75FA8A8C72FAD8" author="Sket, B. &amp; Hou, Z." box="[1207,1325,1303,1329]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" pagination="93 - 102" refId="ref13826" refString="Sket, B. &amp; Hou, Z. (2018) Family Gammaridae (Crustacea: Amphipoda), mainly its Echinogammarus clade in SW Europe. Further elucidation of its phylogeny and taxonomy. Acta Biologica Slovenica, 61 (1), 93 - 102." type="journal article" year="2018">Sket 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), forming a well-supported, but non-distinct phylogenetic lineage (see 
<figureCitation id="1300D391FFD7A417FC80FAA68AD9FABC" box="[834,902,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,846,1795]" captionTargetId="figure-277@5.[151,1436,841,1800]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree based on COI. Number above nodes represent ultrafast bootstrap (UFBS) and Shimodaira-Hasegawa approximate likelihood ratio test (SHaLRT) values. Number below nodes represent posterior probabilities (PP). Strongly supported nodes in all analyses are shown with green circles. Species from Durso River are indicated with red arrows. Taxonomically relevant taxa are shown with various colors. Species belonging to Chaetogammarus are shown with dotted branches." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009133/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Now, we are transferring the species with the genus polyphyletic 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FEB8FAC28B15FA91" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1940" box="[378,586,1375,1400]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FEB8FAC28B15FA91" box="[378,586,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Pectenogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CAE7DFFD7A417FD97FAC28B29FA90" box="[597,630,1375,1401]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(after 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FD0BFAC28AB6FA90" author="Garcia-Paris, M. &amp; Jurado-Angulo, P. &amp; Rodriguez-Flores, P. C. &amp; Rosas-Ramos, N." box="[713,1001,1375,1401]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" pagination="595 - 600" refId="ref13537" refString="Garcia-Paris, M., Jurado-Angulo, P., Rodriguez-Flores, P. C. &amp; Rosas-Ramos, N. (2023) Nomenclatural changes in a taxonomically complex group (Amphipoda: Gammaridae). Zootaxa, 5230 (5), 595 - 600. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5230.5.7" type="journal article" year="2023">
García-París 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FC9DFAC28AC4FA90" box="[863,923,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">et al.</emphasis>
, 2023
</bibRefCitation>
), because the taxonomy of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FF55FA1E8801FA74" box="[151,350,1411,1437]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Chaetogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FF55FA1E8801FA74" box="[151,350,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Chaetogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is rather well clarified recently (Copilaș-Ciocianu 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FC55FA1E8A90FA74" box="[919,975,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">et al.</emphasis>
, 2023) and this species surely not belong to this genus. However, the taxonomic position will be verified in further studies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3219C9FFFD7A41DFF05FA568C72FE6F" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="512" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD7A417FF05FA56880BF99C" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FF05FA568864FA0C" bold="true" box="[199,315,1483,1509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FE93FA568A37FA0C" authority="Greze, 1985" authorityName="Greze" authorityYear="1985" box="[337,872,1482,1509]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oliviiformis">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FE93FA568BE6FA0C" box="[337,697,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Pectenogammarus oliviiformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FD0DFA568A37FA0C" author="Greze, I. I." box="[719,872,1482,1509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described within the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FF55FA728B47F9E0" authority="Martynov, 1924" authorityName="Martynov" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,536,1519,1545]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Chaetogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FF55FA728801F9E0" box="[151,350,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Chaetogammarus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FEA7FA728B47F9E0" author="Martynov, A." box="[357,536,1519,1545]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" pagination="210 - 216" refId="ref14379" refString="Martynov, A. (1924) On some interesting Malacostraca from fresh-waters of European Russia. Russische Hydrobiologische Zeitschrift, 3, 210 - 216. [in Russian with English summary]" type="journal article" year="1924">Martynov, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FD90FA728B80F9E0" author="Greze, I. I." box="[594,735,1518,1545]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
). In the original description, it was indicated that the species is closely morphologically similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FDD8F98E8D09F9C4" authority="(H. Milne Edwards, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[538,1110,1555,1581]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olivii">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FDD8F98E8A74F9C4" box="[538,811,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Pectenogammarus olivii</emphasis>
(H. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FC98F98E8D11F9C4" author="Milne Edwards, H." box="[858,1102,1555,1581]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" pagination="353 - 399" refId="ref14573" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1830). Extrait de recherches pour servir a l'histoire naturelle des crustaces amphipodes. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 20, 353 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 12300" type="journal article" year="1830">Milne Edwards, 1830</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In fact, our analyses indicate that these two species are not molecularly very close, while 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FC85F9AA8AFEF9B8" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[839,929,1591,1617]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olivii">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FC85F9AA8AFEF9B8" box="[839,929,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">E. olivii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be a complex of distinct phylogenetic lineages (
<figureCitation id="1300D391FFD7A417FEC0F9C68818F99C" box="[258,327,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,846,1795]" captionTargetId="figure-277@5.[151,1436,841,1800]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree based on COI. Number above nodes represent ultrafast bootstrap (UFBS) and Shimodaira-Hasegawa approximate likelihood ratio test (SHaLRT) values. Number below nodes represent posterior probabilities (PP). Strongly supported nodes in all analyses are shown with green circles. Species from Durso River are indicated with red arrows. Taxonomically relevant taxa are shown with various colors. Species belonging to Chaetogammarus are shown with dotted branches." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009133/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD7A417FF05F9E28B16F8EC" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">
From 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FEC8F9E28800F970" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[266,351,1663,1689]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olivii">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FEC8F9E28800F970" box="[266,351,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">P. olivii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, co-occurring along the Black Sea coast, the species can be separated by the armature of urosome with only a pair of median dorsal spines on UsI (vs. 2 marginal spines on each side and a pair of medial spines) and 1 marginal spine on each side of UsIII (vs. 2 marginal and a pair of median spines), as well as the presence of calceoli on AII (vs. absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FE22F9768B66F8EC" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[480,569,1771,1797]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olivii">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FE22F9768B66F8EC" box="[480,569,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">E. olivii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD7A417FF05F8928818F87C" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">
The species can be also separated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD7A417FDACF8928D05F8C0" authority="(Schellenberg, 1928)" baseAuthorityName="Schellenberg" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[622,1114,1807,1833]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foxi">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD7A417FDACF8928A33F8C0" box="[622,876,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="506">Pectenogammarus foxi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD7A417FCBAF8928D0DF8C0" author="Schellenberg, A." box="[888,1106,1807,1833]" pageId="23" pageNumber="506" pagination="633 - 692" refId="ref15258" refString="Schellenberg, A. (1928) Report on Amphipoda. Zoological results of the Cambridge Expedition to the Suez Canal. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 22, 633 - 692. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1928. tb 00209. x" type="journal article" year="1928">Schellenberg, 1928</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, by less concave anterolateral lobe on the head, the armature of urosome with only a pair of median dorsal spines on UsI (vs. 1 marginal spine on each side and a pair of medial spines) and 1 marginal spine on each side of UsIII (vs. 2 marginal and a pair of small median spines).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF449F9CFFD8A418FF55F80A8B9EF811" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8014082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8014082" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8014082/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="507" startId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[178,1409,183,1918]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD8A418FF55F80A8B9EF811" blockId="24.[151,1436,1943,2040]" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FF55F80A8845F846" bold="true" box="[151,282,1943,1967]" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">FIGURE 14</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD8A418FEEAF8058BA9F846" authority="(Greze, 1985)" authorityName="Marin &amp; Palatov &amp; Copilaș-Ciocianu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Greze" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[296,758,1943,1968]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="507" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oliviiformis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FEEAF8058B3EF859" box="[296,609,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">Pectenogammarus oliviiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD8A418FDB2F8058BB0F846" author="Greze, I. I." box="[624,751,1943,1968]" pageId="24" pageNumber="507" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FD3CF8058A2DF859" bold="true" box="[766,882,1944,1968]" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CAE7DFFD8A418FD3CF8058A2DF859" box="[766,882,1944,1968]" pageId="24" pageNumber="507" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, Ô (
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FC66F8058D3FF859" box="[932,1120,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">a, b, d, e, g, h, j, k</emphasis>
), 
<specimenCount id="9D3D049DFFD8A418FBB5F8058DD5F846" box="[1143,1162,1944,1967]" pageId="24" pageNumber="507" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FB58F8058DBCF859" box="[1178,1251,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">c, f, i, l</emphasis>
): 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FB38F8058C69F846" box="[1274,1334,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">a, c—</emphasis>
antenna I; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FF55F82189FBF83D" box="[151,164,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">b</emphasis>
—accessory flagellum of antenna I; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FDD0F8218B16F83D" box="[530,585,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">d, f—</emphasis>
antenna II; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FD7EF8218B98F83A" box="[700,711,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">e</emphasis>
—calceoli of AII; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FCBDF8218AEAF83A" box="[895,949,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">g, i—</emphasis>
gnathopod I; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FBFEF8218D16F83D" box="[1084,1097,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">h</emphasis>
—palmar margin of chela of GnI; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FF55F87D8996F811" box="[151,201,2016,2040]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">j, l—</emphasis>
gnathopod II; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD8A418FE9AF87D883CF811" box="[344,355,2016,2040]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="507">k</emphasis>
—palmar margin of chela of GnII.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF449F9CFFD9A419FF55F80A8B94F81E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009174" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8009174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009174/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="508" startId="25.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[178,1406,187,1914]" targetPageId="25" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFD9A419FF55F80A8B94F81E" blockId="25.[151,1436,1943,2039]" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FF55F80A8845F846" bold="true" box="[151,282,1943,1967]" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">FIGURE 15</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFD9A419FEEAF8058BAAF846" authority="(Greze, 1985)" authorityName="Marin &amp; Palatov &amp; Copilaș-Ciocianu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Greze" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[296,757,1943,1968]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oliviiformis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FEEAF8058B3FF846" box="[296,608,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">Pectenogammarus oliviiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFD9A419FDACF8058BB1F846" author="Greze, I. I." box="[622,750,1943,1968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="508" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FD3EF8058A2FF859" bold="true" box="[764,880,1944,1968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CAE7DFFD9A419FD3EF8058A2FF859" box="[764,880,1944,1968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="508" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, Ô: 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FC62F8058AF2F846" box="[928,941,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">a</emphasis>
—upper lip; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FBEDF80A8D63F846" box="[1071,1084,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">b</emphasis>
—lower lip; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FB7DF8058D95F846" box="[1215,1226,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">c</emphasis>
—left mandible; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FABBF80A8CC3F846" box="[1401,1436,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">d—</emphasis>
same, incisor process and 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FE60F8218B7AF83A" box="[418,549,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">pars incisiva</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FDF0F8218B62F83A" box="[562,573,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">e</emphasis>
—right mandible; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FD38F8268A48F83A" box="[762,791,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">f—</emphasis>
same, incisor process and pars incisiva; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FB72F8218DE2F83A" box="[1200,1213,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">g</emphasis>
—maxilla I; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FAFDF8268C3DF83A" box="[1343,1378,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">h—</emphasis>
same, distal spines of outer lobe; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FE6BF87D8899F81E" box="[425,454,2016,2039]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">i—</emphasis>
maxilla II; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFD9A419FDF5F87D8B61F81E" box="[567,574,2016,2039]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="508">j</emphasis>
—maxilliped.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF449F9CFFDAA41AFF55F80A89B4F81E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009176" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8009176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009176/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="509" startId="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[173,1411,185,1916]" targetPageId="26" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFDAA41AFF55F80A89B4F81E" blockId="26.[151,1436,1943,2040]" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFF55F80A887FF846" bold="true" box="[151,288,1943,1967]" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDAA41AFEE4F8058BAFF846" authority="(Greze, 1985)" authorityName="Marin &amp; Palatov &amp; Copilaș-Ciocianu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Greze" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[294,752,1943,1968]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="509" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oliviiformis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFEE4F8058B01F859" box="[294,606,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">Pectenogammarus oliviiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDAA41AFDA9F8058BB6F846" author="Greze, I. I." box="[619,745,1943,1968]" pageId="26" pageNumber="509" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFD35F8058A35F859" bold="true" box="[759,874,1944,1968]" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CAE7DFFDAA41AFD35F8058A35F859" box="[759,874,1944,1968]" pageId="26" pageNumber="509" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, Ô: 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFC5AF8058AFAF846" box="[920,933,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">a</emphasis>
—pereopod III; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFB8BF8058D09F859" box="[1097,1110,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">b</emphasis>
—dactylus of PIII; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFADBF8058C7BF846" box="[1305,1316,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">c</emphasis>
—pereopod IV; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFF7CF8218994F83D" box="[190,203,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">d</emphasis>
—dactylus of PIV; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFE4DF82188C5F83A" box="[399,410,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">e</emphasis>
—pereopod V; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFDF4F8218B0BF83D" box="[566,596,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">f—</emphasis>
dactylus of PV; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFD35F8218A45F83A" box="[759,794,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">g—</emphasis>
pereopod VI; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFC65F8218A95F83D" box="[935,970,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">h—</emphasis>
dactylus of PVI; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFBB5F8218DCAF83A" box="[1143,1173,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">i—</emphasis>
pereopod VII; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDAA41AFAE8F8218C17F83A" box="[1322,1352,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="509">j—</emphasis>
dactylus of PVII.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF449F9CFFDBA41BFF55F80A89E7F81E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8014086" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8014086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8014086/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="510" startId="27.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[179,1402,182,1916]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFDBA41BFF55F80A89E7F81E" blockId="27.[151,1436,1943,2039]" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFF55F80A887EF846" bold="true" box="[151,289,1943,1967]" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDBA41BFEEAF8058BAAF846" authority="(Greze, 1985)" authorityName="Marin &amp; Palatov &amp; Copilaș-Ciocianu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Greze" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[296,757,1943,1968]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oliviiformis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFEEAF8058B3FF846" box="[296,608,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">Pectenogammarus oliviiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDBA41BFDACF8058BB1F846" author="Greze, I. I." box="[622,750,1943,1968]" pageId="27" pageNumber="510" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFD3EF8058A2FF859" bold="true" box="[764,880,1944,1968]" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CAE7DFFDBA41BFD3EF8058A2FF859" box="[764,880,1944,1968]" pageId="27" pageNumber="510" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, Ô (
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFC63F8058D2AF846" box="[929,1141,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">a, c, e, g, i, j, k, m, o</emphasis>
), 
<specimenCount id="9D3D049DFFDBA41BFB49F8058DC1F846" box="[1163,1182,1944,1967]" pageId="27" pageNumber="510" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFB6CF80A8C13F846" box="[1198,1356,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">b, d, f, h, l, n, p</emphasis>
): 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFAA1F80A8CDCF846" box="[1379,1411,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">a–f</emphasis>
— epimeral plates I–III; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFEBAF82188FFF83A" box="[376,416,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">g, h</emphasis>
—telson I; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFDD6F8218B6EF83A" box="[532,561,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">i—</emphasis>
pleopod I; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFD60F8218B9FF83A" box="[674,704,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">j—</emphasis>
retinacula of pleopod I; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFC7BF8268A85F83A" box="[953,986,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">k, l</emphasis>
—uropods I; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFBA6F8218DF8F83A" box="[1124,1191,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">m, n—</emphasis>
uropod II; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDBA41BFAD4F8218C0BF83A" box="[1302,1364,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="510">p, o—</emphasis>
uropod III.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF449F9CFFDCA41CFF55F9DD89B7F949" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8009180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009180/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" startId="28.[151,250,1600,1624]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1576]" targetPageId="28" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFDCA41CFF55F9DD89B7F949" blockId="28.[151,1437,1600,1697]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFF55F9DD8843F9B1" bold="true" box="[151,284,1600,1624]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
SEM photographs of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDCA41CFE2DF9DC8D54F9B0" authority="(Marin &amp; Palatov, 2021)" authorityName="Marin &amp; Palatov &amp; Copilaș-Ciocianu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Marin &amp; Palatov" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[495,1035,1600,1625]" class="Malacostraca" family="Talitridae" genus="Litorogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mazestiensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFE2DF9DC8A45F9B1" box="[495,794,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">Litorogammarus mazestiensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDCA41CFCE1F9DD8D5BF9B0" author="Marin, I. &amp; Palatov, D." box="[803,1028,1600,1625]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" pagination="309 - 320" refId="ref14192" refString="Marin, I. &amp; Palatov, D. (2021) New and non-alien: Echinogammarus mazestiensis sp. n. from the southwestern Caucasus (Amphipoda: Gammaridae). Zoology in the Middle East, 67 (4), 309 - 320. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09397140.2021.1949139" type="journal article" year="2021">Marin &amp;Palatov, 2021</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFBCCF9DC8D21F9B0" bold="true" box="[1038,1150,1601,1625]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CAE7DFFDCA41CFBCCF9DC8D21F9B0" box="[1038,1150,1601,1625]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" rank="species">comb.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFB48F9DC8DF2F9B1" box="[1162,1197,1600,1624]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">a, b</emphasis>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDCA41CFB22F9DC88C2F995" authority="(Greze, 1985)" authorityName="Marin &amp; Palatov &amp; Copilaș-Ciocianu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Greze" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oliviiformis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFB22F9DC8853F995" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">Pectenogammarus oliviiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDCA41CFEDBF9F888C9F995" author="Greze, I. I." box="[281,406,1636,1661]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFE61F9F88B4AF994" bold="true" box="[419,533,1637,1661]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CAE7DFFDCA41CFE61F9F88B4AF994" box="[419,533,1637,1661]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFDE6F9F88B1CF994" box="[548,579,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">c–f</emphasis>
); 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFD95F9F88B24F995" box="[599,635,1637,1660]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">a, c</emphasis>
—head; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFD13F9F98B81F995" box="[721,734,1636,1660]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">b</emphasis>
—palmar margin of chela of GnII; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFBF9F9F98D05F994" box="[1083,1114,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">d, f</emphasis>
—urosomal segments; 
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFA80F9F88C12F995" box="[1346,1357,1637,1660]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">e</emphasis>
—chela of GnII.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFDCA41CFF05F97B8BB8F883" blockId="28.[151,1437,1765,2040]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">
From the 
<typeStatus id="548071B6FFDCA41CFEFBF97B8836F8E9" box="[313,361,1766,1792]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDCA41CFDA6F9788ABDF916" authority="Stebbing, 1899" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1899" box="[612,994,1765,1791]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Echinogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFDA6F9788A75F916" box="[612,810,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">Echinogammarus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDCA41CFCF1F9788ABDF916" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[819,994,1765,1791]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" pagination="395 - 432" refId="ref15377" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1899) Amphipoda from the Copenhagen Museum and other sources, part II. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, Series 2, 7 (8), 395 - 432. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1899. tb 00202. x" type="journal article" year="1899">Stebbing, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDCA41CFC2DF97B8C4CF916" authority="(Catta, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="Catta" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[1007,1299,1765,1791]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Echinogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berilloni">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFC2DF97B8D2EF916" box="[1007,1137,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">E. berilloni</emphasis>
(Catta, 1878)
</taxonomicName>
, it could be separated by smooth, non-setose metasoma and urosome (vs. densely setose), shorter accessory flagellum of AI (3–4 segments vs. 6–8 segments), the presence of calceoli on AII (vs. absent) and different setation of urosome, epimeral plates and appendages (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDCA41CFDF4F8CD8B85F883" author="Pinkster, S." box="[566,730,1872,1898]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref14837" refString="Pinkster, S. (1973) The Echinogammarus berilloni - group, a number of predominantly iberian amphipod species (Crustacea). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 43 (1), 1 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 26660644 - 04301001" type="journal article" year="1973">Pinkster, 1973</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFDCA41CFF05F8E98DA1F811" blockId="28.[151,1437,1765,2040]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">
From the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDCA41CFEBCF8EE8B1CF864" authorityName="Martynov" authorityYear="1924" box="[382,579,1907,1933]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Chaetogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFEBCF8EE8B1CF864" box="[382,579,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">Chaetogammarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the 
<typeStatus id="548071B6FFDCA41CFD6CF8E98B81F867" box="[686,734,1908,1934]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">type</typeStatus>
species 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDCA41CFCFFF8EE8DDAF864" authority="(Stebbing, 1899)" baseAuthorityName="Stebbing" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[829,1157,1907,1933]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Chaetogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ischnus">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDCA41CFCFFF8EE8AE0F864" box="[829,959,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="511">Ch. ischnus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDCA41CFC0DF8EE8D22F864" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[975,1149,1907,1933]" pageId="28" pageNumber="511" pagination="395 - 432" refId="ref15377" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1899) Amphipoda from the Copenhagen Museum and other sources, part II. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, Series 2, 7 (8), 395 - 432. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1899. tb 00202. x" type="journal article" year="1899">Stebbing, 1899</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, it could be separated by shorter and compact body form, less armed urosome (vs. strongly armed with large spines), shorter accessory flagellum of AI (3–4 segments vs. 6–8 segments), the presence of calceoli on AII (vs. absent), non-produced posteroventral angles of EpI–III (vs. strongly and sharply produced), different shape of telson and basis of PpV–VII.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84CF14FFDDA41DFF05FF0A8C72FE6F" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,391]" pageId="29" pageNumber="512">
From the 
<typeStatus id="548071B6FFDDA41DFEF0FF0A883DFF58" box="[306,354,151,177]" pageId="29" pageNumber="512">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDDA41DFD8EFF0A8AFFFF58" authority="Reid, 1940" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1940" box="[588,928,151,177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDDA41DFD8EFF0A8A43FF59" box="[588,796,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="512">Pectenogammarus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDDA41DFCE1FF0A8AFFFF58" author="Reid, D. M." box="[803,928,151,177]" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" pagination="335 - 337" refId="ref15010" refString="Reid, D. M. (1940) Three species of Amphipoda (Crustacea) new to Britain. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 11, 6, 335 - 337. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745481.1940.9723687" type="journal article" year="1940">Reid, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDDA41DFC68FF0A8D95FF58" authority="Reid, 1940" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1940" box="[938,1226,151,177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planicrurus">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDDA41DFC68FF0A8D18FF58" box="[938,1095,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="512">P. planicrurus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDDA41DFB8FFF0A8D95FF58" author="Reid, D. M." box="[1101,1226,151,177]" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" pagination="335 - 337" refId="ref15010" refString="Reid, D. M. (1940) Three species of Amphipoda (Crustacea) new to Britain. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 11, 6, 335 - 337. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745481.1940.9723687" type="journal article" year="1940">Reid, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDDA41DFB16FF0A8C30FF58" authorityName="Marin &amp; Palatov &amp; Copilaș-Ciocianu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Greze" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1236,1391,151,177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oliviiformis">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDDA41DFB16FF0A8C30FF58" box="[1236,1391,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="512">P. oliviiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by the significantly reduced setosity of PpIII–VII, coxal plates I–IV, and epimeral plate II. From 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDDA41DFF55FF43888CFF11" authority="(Chevreux, 1894)" baseAuthorityName="Chevreux" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[151,467,222,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDDA41DFF55FF43885EFF1E" box="[151,257,222,247]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="512">P. simoni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDDA41DFED0FF438894FF11" author="Chevreux, E." box="[274,459,222,248]" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" pagination="171 - 176" refId="ref12975" refString="Chevreux, E. (1894) Gammarus simoni, nov. sp., Amphipode des eaux douces d'AIgerie et de Tunisie. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 19, 171 - 176. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15972" type="journal article" year="1894">Chevreux, 1894</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDDA41DFDC2FF438AA6FF11" authority="(Chevreux, 1894))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Chevreux" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[512,1017,222,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Echinogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDDA41DFDC2FF438A44FF1E" box="[512,795,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="512">Echinogammarus simoni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDDA41DFCEEFF438AB8FF11" author="Chevreux, E." box="[812,999,222,248]" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" pagination="171 - 176" refId="ref12975" refString="Chevreux, E. (1894) Gammarus simoni, nov. sp., Amphipode des eaux douces d'AIgerie et de Tunisie. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 19, 171 - 176. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15972" type="journal article" year="1894">Chevreux, 1894</bibRefCitation>
))
</taxonomicName>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDDA41DFBC5FF438DBDFF11" author="Schellenberg, A." box="[1031,1250,222,248]" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" pagination="267 - 280" refId="ref15313" refString="Schellenberg, A. (1937) Schlussel und Diagnosen der dem Susswasser-Gammarus nahestehenden Einheiten ausschlisslich der Arten des Baikalsees und Australiens. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 117, 267 - 280." type="journal article" year="1937">Schellenberg, 1937</bibRefCitation>
it can be easily separated by the presence of calceoli on AII (vs. absent), concave anterolateral lobe of the head (vs. convex), and several minor features, such as setation of urosomal segments and epimeral plates (see (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDDA41DFB48FEB98CCFFED6" author="Pinkster, S. &amp; Stock, J. H." box="[1162,1424,292,319]" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" pagination="85 - 115" refId="ref14887" refString="Pinkster, S. &amp; Stock, J. H. (1972) Members of the Echinogammarus simoni - group and the genus Eulimnogammarus (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa, with description of a new species. Bulletin Zoologisch Museum Universiteit van Amsterdam, 2 (10), 85 - 115." type="journal article" year="1972">Pinkster &amp; Stock, 1972</bibRefCitation>
). Moreover, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDDA41DFED1FED48826FE8B" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Chevreux" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[275,377,329,354]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Echinogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDDA41DFED1FED48826FE8B" box="[275,377,329,354]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="512">P. simoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a strictly freshwater species living in wells/spring and the upper stream of the rivers, unlike 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BB497FFDDA41DFF55FEF08889FE6E" authority="(Greze, 1985)" authorityName="Marin &amp; Palatov &amp; Copilaș-Ciocianu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Greze" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[151,470,364,391]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Pectenogammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oliviiformis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDDA41DFF55FEF0886BFE6F" box="[151,308,364,390]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="512">P. oliviiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAB2E5FFDDA41DFE81FEF18891FE6E" author="Greze, I. I." box="[323,462,364,391]" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" refId="ref13505" refString="Greze, I. I. (1985) Bokoplavy. Fauna Ukrainy. Vol. 26. Vyschije rakoobraznyje. Vypysk 5. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 176 pp." type="book" year="1985">Greze, 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94F1306FFDDA41DFE1FFEF18B01FE6F" bold="true" box="[477,606,364,390]" pageId="29" pageNumber="512">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CAE7DFFDDA41DFE1FFEF18B01FE6F" box="[477,606,364,390]" pageId="29" pageNumber="512" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, which is a strictly marine (brackish water) species (see below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>