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<document id="D66FACCCE0A603E8D4E278872CEDE557" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3708186" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f503e20e-e3fb-41ac-bf17-bdaf221bc7c7" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3708186" ID-ZooBank="55CCB217-771C-499D-9110-36F143C375C5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1584033498187" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Edmonds, W. D." docDate="2018" docId="03E087E4FFF4FF95FF249EA8FD12FAE6" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0642.1-30.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 642" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Canthon (Canthon) blumei Halffter and Halffter" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FFD9FF9CFFF3FF92FFE49E74FFB1FF91" masterDocTitle="The dung beetle fauna of the Big Bend region of Texas (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698727366089" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
<mods:mods id="940AD622DD29D16561F75464B6993751" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="6B21E0F340691FC22FBB3AA19453F6D5">
<mods:title id="AABEEFB7FEB7876248B15FCC801C078A">The dung beetle fauna of the Big Bend region of Texas (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="E876ADD21AE7CB6FD05C04A0B2D4F8CC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0844286936D9F9461E2410B201FD79ED">
<mods:roleTerm id="68035A7D51F758C33C98581D7461CD9C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EDC48D44C1E07E2614CA992CA386A664">Edmonds, W. D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B35827D6FEC27283FCD71D4360F07E3B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CBB16A60E5DEEE2AC1EEAD05D1732EF1">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2FDC1DCF91ABD49B75DAB709FB8DF61B">
<mods:date id="3A7BC6B3B1A15C6FCEB8A84230B82968">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F6AF0596E202B926DCC0F78503DF8036" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="FC0513E388DC31225D1FDA623C3837B5">2018-07-27</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="90CA7D131ACE3A71D52E935AFF1F7BDB" type="issue">
<mods:number id="E99660AD74F291DD566761E9CDFC6953">642</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7547E23865D15A528F9F7FE71716C5D3">1</mods:start>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="905605F729B37AACFA3D473EBFAD020E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D7F7BF47369E370EDAF87F90FF7E5F37" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3708186</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1A720B7D18F4FA7C78F6EE11685E1E19" type="GBIF-Dataset">f503e20e-e3fb-41ac-bf17-bdaf221bc7c7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7FF5BE10964732A06BD91F5A26BD1880" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FF03E726A2FAC926CDBB925489F7A4F9" type="Zenodo-Dep">3708186</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9BFE8429FDE53488173C35C4F684AD55" type="ZooBank">55CCB217-771C-499D-9110-36F143C375C5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E087E4FFF4FF95FF249EA8FD12FAE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3717130" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162485179" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3717130" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E087E4FFF4FF95FF249EA8FD12FAE6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E087E4FFF4FF95FF249EA8FD12FAE6" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<subSubSection id="C3536579FFF4FF95FF249EA8FCE5FF64" box="[192,852,220,245]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF636F2FFF4FF95FF249EA8FCE5FF64" blockId="7.[192,852,220,277]" box="[192,852,220,245]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="D0BE819EFFF4FF95FF249EA8FCE5FF64" bold="true" box="[192,852,220,245]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FF249EA8FCE5FF64" ID-CoL="QP6Q" authority="Halffter and Halffter" authorityName="Halffter and Halffter" box="[192,852,220,245]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blumei" subGenus="Canthon">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FF249EA8FCE5FF64" bold="true" box="[192,852,220,245]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FF249EA8FE87FF65" bold="true" box="[192,310,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Canthon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FEAC9EA8FE0FFF65" bold="true" box="[328,446,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Canthon</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FE359EA8FD9EFF65" bold="true" box="[465,559,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">blumei</emphasis>
Halffter and Halffter
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3536579FFF4FF95FF249E89FEF1FE84" box="[192,320,253,277]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF636F2FFF4FF95FF249E89FEF1FE84" blockId="7.[192,852,220,277]" box="[192,320,253,277]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<figureCitation id="13722A77FFF4FF95FF249E89FEF1FE84" box="[192,320,253,277]" captionStart="Figures 26–35" captionStartId="27.[192,287,1790,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[191,1439,365,1602]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figures 26–35. Canthon. 26) C. imitator, dorsal view, male. 27) Same, ventral view of abdomen. 28) Same, ventral view of female abdomen. 29) C. blumei, dorsal view, female. 30) Same, oblique dorsal view of forebody. 31) Same, ventral view of right propleuron (arrow marks transverse carina). 32) C. imitator, ventral view of right propleuron. 33) C. mixtus, dorsal view, male. 34) C. praticola, dorsal view, female. 35) Same, oblique view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3708198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3708198/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 29–31</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3536579FFF4FF95FF249F59FA2BFE54" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF636F2FFF4FF95FF249F59FA2BFE54" blockId="7.[192,1440,301,454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FF249F59FEFCFED4" bold="true" box="[192,333,301,325]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Black, only rarely with even subtle hint of blue. Dorsum completely, densely covered by small granules on field of fine shagreening. Clypeus bidentate, teeth acute, separated by rounded emargination. Elytral striae fine, superficial, almost effaced posteriorly. Propleuron divided by sharp, transverse carina extending from procoxa to lateral margin (
<figureCitation id="13722A77FFF4FF95FD2C9FF9FCAEFE37" box="[712,799,397,422]" captionStart="Figures 26–35" captionStartId="27.[192,287,1790,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[191,1439,365,1602]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figures 26–35. Canthon. 26) C. imitator, dorsal view, male. 27) Same, ventral view of abdomen. 28) Same, ventral view of female abdomen. 29) C. blumei, dorsal view, female. 30) Same, oblique dorsal view of forebody. 31) Same, ventral view of right propleuron (arrow marks transverse carina). 32) C. imitator, ventral view of right propleuron. 33) C. mixtus, dorsal view, male. 34) C. praticola, dorsal view, female. 35) Same, oblique view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3708198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3708198/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
, arrow). A formal description of this species appears in
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B03FFF4FF95FF049FD9FD9EFE57" author="Halffter, V. &amp; G. Halffter" box="[224,559,429,454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="329 - 340" refId="ref18129" refString="Halffter, V., and G. Halffter. 2003. Nuevas subespecies de Canthon humectus (Say) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Folia Entomologica Mexicana 42: 329 - 340." type="journal article" year="2003">Halffter and Halffter (2003</bibRefCitation>
; as
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FDB99FDAFCFEFE54" authorityName="Halffter &amp; Halffter" authorityYear="2003" box="[605,847,429,453]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="humectus" subSpecies="blumei">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FDB99FDAFCFEFE54" box="[605,847,429,453]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. humectus blumei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; raised to species status in
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B03FFF4FF95FB449FD9FA3CFE54" author="Halffter, G. &amp; L. E. Rivera-Cervantes &amp; V. Halffter" box="[1184,1421,429,453]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="208 - 220" refId="ref18026" refString="Halffter, G., L. E. Rivera-Cervantes, and V. Halffter. 2015. Diversificacion del grupo humectus del genero Canthon (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en el occidente de Mexico. Acta Zoologica Mexicana (n. s.) 31: 208 - 220." type="journal article" year="2015">Halffter et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3536579FFF4FF95FF249FA9FADAFCD7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF636F2FFF4FF95FF249FA9FC06FE67" blockId="7.[192,1440,477,790]" box="[192,951,477,502]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FF249FA9FDA2FE64" bold="true" box="[192,531,477,502]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Big Bend collection sites</emphasis>
(altitudinal range:
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FCE79FA9FC1BFE67" box="[771,938,477,502]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5175" metricValueMax="1.555" metricValueMin="1.48" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1517.5" valueMax="1555.0" valueMin="1480.0">1480–1555 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF636F2FFF4FF95FF0C9F8AFEAEFDA7" blockId="7.[192,1440,477,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<materialsCitation id="3B213CAFFFF4FF95FF0C9F8AFEAEFDA7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575871681" county="Brewster Co." latitude="30.293612" location="Paisano Baptist Encampment" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-103.79305" municipality="Alpine" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="1550" specimenCount-male="1550">
<collectingCounty id="62974E7EFFF4FF95FF0C9F8AFE3AFD87" box="[232,395,510,534]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Brewster Co.</collectingCounty>
:
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FE729F89FE0BFD84" bold="true" box="[406,442,509,533]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">[1]</emphasis>
~
<locationDeviation id="9A442FD0FFF4FF95FE359F8AFD8FFD84" bearing="270.0" box="[465,574,510,534]" distance="17000.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FE359F8AFDACFD87" box="[465,541,510,534]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
W
</locationDeviation>
<collectingMunicipality id="6B92AC88FFF4FF95FDA19F8AFD27FD87" box="[581,662,510,534]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Alpine</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location id="8E966029FFF4FF95FD419F8AFBA9FD87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E087E4FFF4FF95FF249EA8FD12FAE6:8E966029FFF4FF95FD419F8AFBA9FD87" box="[677,1048,510,534]" county="Brewster Co." latitude="30.293612" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-103.79305" municipality="Alpine" name="Paisano Baptist Encampment" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Paisano Baptist Encampment</location>
),
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FBCF9F8AFB05FD84" box="[1067,1204,508,534]" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="37" value="30.293612">30°17′37″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FB5F9F8AFAE8FD84" box="[1211,1369,508,534]" degrees="103" direction="west" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-103.79305">103°47′35″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FA819F89FF69FDA4" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</quantity>
(
<location id="8E966029FFF4FF95FF0C9C6AFEA0FDA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E087E4FFF4FF95FF249EA8FD12FAE6:8E966029FFF4FF95FF0C9C6AFEA0FDA7" box="[232,273,542,566]" county="Brewster Co." latitude="30.293612" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-103.79305" municipality="Alpine" name="Jul" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Jul</location>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF636F2FFF4FF95FF0C9C4AFCFEFD67" blockId="7.[192,1440,477,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<materialsCitation id="3B213CAFFFF4FF95FF0C9C4AFDFDFDE7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575871635" county="Jeff Davis Co." latitude="30.601389" location="Limpia Canyon Research Area" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-103.92611" municipality="Davis Mountains State Park" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="62974E7EFFF4FF95FF0C9C4AFE16FDC7" box="[232,423,574,598]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Jeff Davis Co.</collectingCounty>
:
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FE539C49FE6FFDC4" bold="true" box="[439,478,573,597]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">[1]</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6B92AC88FFF4FF95FE0D9C4AFCD6FDC7" box="[489,871,574,598]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Davis Mountains State Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E966029FFF4FF95FC9C9C4AFAA1FDC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E087E4FFF4FF95FF249EA8FD12FAE6:8E966029FFF4FF95FC9C9C4AFAA1FDC7" box="[888,1296,574,598]" county="Jeff Davis Co." latitude="30.601389" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-103.92611" municipality="Davis Mountains State Park" name="Limpia Canyon Research Area" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Limpia Canyon Research Area</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FAC59C4AFA11FDC4" box="[1313,1440,572,598]" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="5" value="30.601389">30°36′5″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FF249C2AFEEFFDE4" box="[192,350,604,630]" degrees="103" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-103.92611">103°55′34″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FE8E9C2AFE75FDE4" box="[362,452,606,630]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.525" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1525.0">1525 m</quantity>
(Jun, Aug)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B213CAFFFF4FF95FDBE9C2AFE95FD07" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575871658" collectionCode="TX" collectorName="Aug" elevation="1600" latitude="30.463335" location="16 km S Fort Davis" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-103.983055" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="TX 17" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FDBE9C2AFDCFFDE7" bold="true" box="[602,638,606,630]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">[2]</emphasis>
<location id="8E966029FFF4FF95FD619C2AFCC3FDE7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E087E4FFF4FF95FF249EA8FD12FAE6:8E966029FFF4FF95FD619C2AFCC3FDE7" box="[645,882,606,630]" latitude="30.463335" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-103.983055" name="16 km S Fort Davis" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FD619C2AFD61FDE7" box="[645,720,606,630]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
S Fort Davis
</location>
(along
<specimenCode id="DBEF9E89FFF4FF95FC289C2AFBA7FDE7" box="[972,1046,606,630]" collectionCode="TX" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">TX 17</specimenCode>
),
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FBC89C2AFB05FDE4" box="[1068,1204,604,630]" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="48" value="30.463335">30°27′48″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FB5F9C2AFAE8FDE4" box="[1211,1369,604,630]" degrees="103" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-103.983055">103°58′59″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FA819C2AFF69FD04" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1600.0">
<elevation id="0064D1C1FFF4FF95FA819C2AFF69FD04" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<collectorName id="26BC5324FFF4FF95FF039C0AFEADFD07" box="[231,284,638,662]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Aug</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B213CAFFFF4FF95FED49C0AFEEAFD27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575871651" collectorName="Jul" elevation="1555" latitude="30.680555" location="Muerto Springs" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-104.33945" municipality="Muerto Springs Ranch" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FED49C0AFEE5FD07" bold="true" box="[304,340,638,662]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">[3]</emphasis>
~
<locationDeviation id="9A442FD0FFF4FF95FE8F9C0AFDD9FD07" box="[363,616,638,662]" location="Valentine" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FE8F9C0AFE07FD07" box="[363,438,638,662]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
NE Valentine
</locationDeviation>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B92AC88FFF4FF95FD979C0AFC36FD07" box="[627,903,638,662]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Muerto Springs Ranch</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location id="8E966029FFF4FF95FC729C0AFBEBFD07" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E087E4FFF4FF95FF249EA8FD12FAE6:8E966029FFF4FF95FC729C0AFBEBFD07" box="[918,1114,638,662]" latitude="30.680555" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-104.33945" municipality="Muerto Springs Ranch" name="Muerto Springs" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Muerto Springs</location>
),
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FB8A9C0AFB47FD04" box="[1134,1270,637,662]" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="50" value="30.680555">30°40′50″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FB199C0AFA2DFD04" box="[1277,1436,637,662]" degrees="104" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-104.33945">104°20′22″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FF249CEAFEABFD27" box="[192,282,670,694]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.555" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1555.0">
<elevation id="0064D1C1FFF4FF95FF249CEAFEABFD27" box="[192,282,670,694]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.555" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1555.0">1555 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<collectorName id="26BC5324FFF4FF95FECD9CEAFEE3FD27" box="[297,338,670,694]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Jul</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B213CAFFFF4FF95FE839CEAFED2FD47" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575871644" collectorName="Aug-Sep" elevation="1480" latitude="30.535" location="Quarry Unit" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-103.84361" municipality="Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FE839CEAFE3AFD27" bold="true" box="[359,395,670,694]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">[4]</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6B92AC88FFF4FF95FE759CEAFCDFFD27" box="[401,878,670,694]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute</collectingMunicipality>
(
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),
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FB5F9CEAFAEBFD27" box="[1211,1370,669,694]" degrees="103" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="37" value="-103.84361">103°50′37″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FA819CEAFF69FD47" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.48" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1480.0">
<elevation id="0064D1C1FFF4FF95FA819CEAFF69FD47" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.48" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1480.0">1480 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<collectorName id="26BC5324FFF4FF95FF0D9CCAFEEAFD47" box="[233,347,702,726]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Aug–Sep</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B213CAFFFF4FF95FE949CCAFCFAFD67" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575871599" collectionCode="TX" collectorName="Aug" elevation="1555" latitude="30.542221" location="Visitor" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-103.83639" municipality="Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="TX 118" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Centre">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FE949CCAFE25FD47" bold="true" box="[368,404,702,726]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">[5]</emphasis>
~
<locationDeviation id="9A442FD0FFF4FF95FE499CCAFD14FD47" box="[429,677,702,726]" location="Fort Davis" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FE499CCAFE5AFD47" box="[429,491,702,726]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
SE Fort Davis
</locationDeviation>
(via
<specimenCode id="DBEF9E89FFF4FF95FD029CCBFCF3FD47" box="[742,834,702,726]" collectionCode="TX" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">TX 118</specimenCode>
),
<collectingMunicipality id="6B92AC88FFF4FF95FCBC9CCAFA8AFD47" box="[856,1339,702,726]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location id="8E966029FFF4FF95FAA89CCAFA11FD47" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E087E4FFF4FF95FF249EA8FD12FAE6:8E966029FFF4FF95FAA89CCAFA11FD47" box="[1356,1440,702,726]" latitude="30.542221" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-103.83639" municipality="Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute" name="Visitor" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" stateProvince="Centre">Visitor</location>
<collectingRegion id="498DF810FFF4FF95FF249CAAFEA5FD67" box="[192,276,734,758]" country="France" name="Centre" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Center</collectingRegion>
area),
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FE8D9CAAFE43FD67" box="[361,498,733,758]" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="32" value="30.542221">30°32′32″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FE1D9CAAFD26FD67" box="[505,663,733,758]" degrees="103" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="11" value="-103.83639">103°50′11″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FD479CAAFD4FFD67" box="[675,766,734,758]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.555" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1555.0">
<elevation id="0064D1C1FFF4FF95FD479CAAFD4FFD67" box="[675,766,734,758]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.555" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1555.0">1555 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(
<collectorName id="26BC5324FFF4FF95FCE99CAAFCF2FD67" box="[781,835,734,758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Aug</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF636F2FFF4FF95FF0C9C8AFA11FC87" blockId="7.[192,1440,477,790]" box="[232,1440,765,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<materialsCitation id="3B213CAFFFF4FF95FF0C9C8AFA2DFC87" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575871653" box="[232,1436,765,790]" county="Presidio Co." latitude="30.365" location="Ranch" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-104.12" municipality="Marfa" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="62974E7EFFF4FF95FF0C9C8AFECCFC87" box="[232,381,766,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Presidio Co.</collectingCounty>
:
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FE639C8AFE1AFC87" bold="true" box="[391,427,766,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">[1]</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FE559C8AFE5FFC87" box="[433,494,766,790]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="6.0">
<locationDeviation id="9A442FD0FFF4FF95FE559C8AFE5FFC87" box="[433,494,766,790]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</locationDeviation>
</quantity>
~
<locationDeviation id="9A442FD0FFF4FF95FE199C8AFDDEFC87" bearing="270.0" box="[509,623,766,790]" distance="6500.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FE199C8AFDFEFC87" box="[509,591,766,790]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="6.5">6.5 km</quantity>
W
</locationDeviation>
<collectingMunicipality id="6B92AC88FFF4FF95FD919C8AFD71FC87" box="[629,704,766,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Marfa</collectingMunicipality>
(Hip-O
<location id="8E966029FFF4FF95FCC49C8AFCC0FC87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E087E4FFF4FF95FF249EA8FD12FAE6:8E966029FFF4FF95FCC49C8AFCC0FC87" box="[800,881,766,790]" county="Presidio Co." latitude="30.365" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-104.12" municipality="Marfa" name="Ranch" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Ranch</location>
),
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FC609C8AFBBCFC87" box="[900,1037,765,790]" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="54" value="30.365">30°21′54″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7D5035FFF4FF95FBF69C8AFB00FC87" box="[1042,1201,765,790]" degrees="104" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-104.12">104°07′12″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CB19B17FFF4FF95FB5F9C8AFAA5FC87" box="[1211,1300,766,790]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1530.0">1530 m</quantity>
(Aug–Sep)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF636F2FFF4FF95FF249D5AFADAFCD7" blockId="7.[192,1387,814,838]" box="[192,1387,814,838]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FF249D5AFE57FCD7" bold="true" box="[192,486,814,838]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Collection method(s).</emphasis>
a) baited pitfall trap (human feces); b) direct capture (cow dung, carrion).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3536579FFF4FF95FF249D2AFBA5FC37" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BF636F2FFF4FF95FF249D2AFDA3FCE7" blockId="7.[192,530,862,886]" box="[192,530,862,886]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FF249D2AFE12FCE7" bold="true" box="[192,419,862,886]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Surface activity.</emphasis>
Diurnal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF636F2FFF4FF95FF249DFAFBA5FC37" blockId="7.[192,1044,910,934]" box="[192,1044,910,934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FF249DFAFE80FC37" bold="true" box="[192,305,910,934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Habitat.</emphasis>
Primarily montane woodlands, occasionally open grassland.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3536579FFF4FF95FF249DCAFD12FAE6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF636F2FFF4FF95FF249DCAFD12FAE6" blockId="7.[192,1440,958,1400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FF249DCAFEE8FC47" bold="true" box="[192,345,958,982]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Comments.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FE879DCAFD9AFC47" box="[355,555,958,982]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blumei">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FE879DCAFD9AFC47" box="[355,555,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Canthon blumei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FBB79DCBFB5DFC47" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[1107,1260,958,982]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humectus">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FBB79DCBFB5DFC47" box="[1107,1260,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. humectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occupying the southern and western parts of
<collectingRegion id="498DF810FFF4FF95FDD69DABFDCCFC67" box="[562,637,991,1014]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Texas</collectingRegion>
; it was raised to species status by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B03FFF4FF95FBF39DABFAB1FC67" author="Halffter, G. &amp; L. E. Rivera-Cervantes &amp; V. Halffter" box="[1047,1280,990,1015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="208 - 220" refId="ref18026" refString="Halffter, G., L. E. Rivera-Cervantes, and V. Halffter. 2015. Diversificacion del grupo humectus del genero Canthon (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en el occidente de Mexico. Acta Zoologica Mexicana (n. s.) 31: 208 - 220." type="journal article" year="2015">Halffter et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
. The remaining populations of
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FE4D9D8BFDF3FB87" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[425,578,1022,1046]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humectus">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FE4D9D8BFDF3FB87" box="[425,578,1022,1046]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. humectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprise a widely distributed Mexican species complex whose range covers most of the Mexican Altiplano (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B03FFF4FF95FD7E9A6BFC54FBA6" author="Halffter, V. &amp; G. Halffter" box="[666,997,1055,1079]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="329 - 340" refId="ref18129" refString="Halffter, V., and G. Halffter. 2003. Nuevas subespecies de Canthon humectus (Say) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Folia Entomologica Mexicana 42: 329 - 340." type="journal article" year="2003">Halffter and Halffter 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B03FFF4FF95FC169A6BFB6EFBA6" author="Halffter, G. &amp; L. E. Rivera-Cervantes &amp; V. Halffter" box="[1010,1247,1055,1079]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="208 - 220" refId="ref18026" refString="Halffter, G., L. E. Rivera-Cervantes, and V. Halffter. 2015. Diversificacion del grupo humectus del genero Canthon (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en el occidente de Mexico. Acta Zoologica Mexicana (n. s.) 31: 208 - 220." type="journal article" year="2015">Halffter et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
) and which are the subject of ongoing evolutionary studies by Gonzalo Halffter and his associates.
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FB5A9A4AFA32FBC7" box="[1214,1411,1086,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blumei">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FB5A9A4AFA32FBC7" box="[1214,1411,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Canthon blumei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar morphologically and ecologically to
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FD2F9A2BFCFEFBE7" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1946" box="[715,847,1119,1142]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FD2F9A2BFCFEFBE7" box="[715,847,1119,1142]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. imitator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both of which are common in the Big Bend area. In contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FE979A0BFE4AFB07" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1946" box="[371,507,1151,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FE979A0BFE4AFB07" box="[371,507,1151,1174]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. imitator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is abundant in the open grasslands, this species displays a distinct preference for montane wooded habitat. They can be captured together, but the relative frequencies of the two are strikingly different depending upon habitat. In the Quarry section of the Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute property near Fort Davis, a typical wooded montane habitat (
<figureCitation id="13722A77FFF4FF95FB999AABFB60FB66" box="[1149,1233,1247,1271]" captionStart="Figures 19–25" captionStartId="26.[192,287,1819,1841]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,285,1704]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[192,1440,285,1706]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figures 19–25. Big Bend montane habitat. 19) Seasonal creek, Quarry section, Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute (wet season). 20) same, dry season. 21) Woodland/meadow enclave in summer, Quarry section, CDRI (Jeff Davis Co.). 22) Davis Mountain woodland (Jeff Davis Co.). 23) Same. 24) Box Canyon, Miller ranch (Presidio Co.). 25) Same, interior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3708196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3708196/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
), an
<date id="FFF71032FFF4FF95FAEC9AABFA11FB66" box="[1288,1440,1247,1271]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" value="2008-08">August 2008</date>
48-hr baited pitfall trap captured 192
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FD709A8BFCBAFA86" box="[660,779,1279,1303]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blumei">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FD709A8BFCBAFA86" box="[660,779,1279,1303]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. blumei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and only two
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FC5C9A8BFB8EFA86" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1946" box="[952,1087,1279,1303]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FC5C9A8BFB8EFA86" box="[952,1087,1279,1303]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. imitator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and a contemporary trap in somewhat higher and more open montane habitat near the visitors’ center yielded 336
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FB179B6BFADBFAA6" box="[1267,1386,1311,1335]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blumei">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FB179B6BFADBFAA6" box="[1267,1386,1311,1335]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. blumei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 31
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FF019B4BFEDDFAC6" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1946" box="[229,364,1343,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FF019B4BFEDDFAC6" box="[229,364,1343,1367]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. imitator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In lower, open grassland, these ratios switch to strongly favor
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FB989B4BFAB3FAC6" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1946" box="[1148,1282,1343,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FB989B4BFAB3FAC6" box="[1148,1282,1343,1367]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. imitator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, often in the absence of
<taxonomicName id="4C494D71FFF4FF95FEA19B2BFE0AFAE6" box="[325,443,1375,1399]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blumei">
<emphasis id="B93DEAE0FFF4FF95FEA19B2BFE0AFAE6" box="[325,443,1375,1399]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">C. blumei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see Introduction).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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