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<mods:title id="83C8094D6C28A5635AC3349A3996A074">Two new species of Cystodermella and new combinations in Ripartitella (Agaricineae, incertae sedis) and Cystolepiota (Verrucosporaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A2A6339D91757293C381C87F8A1939E2">Saar, Irja</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="802CF17605936258D4501E1CAFE252ED">Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi Street 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7E6ECDDAF324D334036BB4613C1B7EEB">Cooper, Jerry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B8DE96B189856C520B89013D637D2BCC">Trudell, Steven A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D35B26B0C2B49A2A4EE3ABBE49B2A585">Herbarium, Burke Museum, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 - 5325</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="8D30FEFAF510C0B2E91299B3E8AF1D33">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C46A047914FFE015A3FC30129D354A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215250" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215250" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C46A047914FFE015A3FC30129D354A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C46A047914FFE015A3FC30129D354A" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<subSubSection id="C37788997914FFE015A3FC3015E23ECA" box="[136,750,911,938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE015A3FC3015E23ECA" blockId="11.[136,750,911,938]" box="[136,750,911,938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<heading id="D09A6C7E7914FFE015A3FC3015E23ECA" box="[136,750,911,938]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" reason="3">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7DFC3C7914FFE015A3FC3015E23ECA" box="[136,750,911,938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACCFD037914FFE015A3FC3015E63ECA" author="Harmaja, H." box="[136,746,911,938]" page=")" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" year="2002">
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE015A3FC3015E63ECA" ID-CoL="33PSN" authority="(Dennis) Harmaja (2002: 46)" authorityName="Harmaja" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="2002" baseAuthorityName="Dennis" box="[136,746,911,938]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystodermella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sipariana">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE015A3FC3016AD3ECA" bold="true" box="[136,417,911,938]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystodermella sipariana</emphasis>
(Dennis)
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE0173AFC3015E63ECA" author="Harmaja, H." box="[529,746,911,937]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" pagination="39 - 48" refId="ref9223" refString="Harmaja, H. (2002) Amylolepiota, Clavicybe and Cystodermella, new genera of the Agaricales. Karstenia 42 (2): 39 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 2002.386" type="journal article" year="2002">Harmaja (2002:46)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37788997914FFE015A3FC6415E0393E" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE015A3FC64157F3977" blockId="11.[136,1453,987,1261]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<materialsCitation id="3B05D14F7914FFE015A3FC64157F3977" collectingDate="1949-11-04" collectionCode="R, UNITE" collectorName="W. G. Dennis" country="Trinidad and Tobago" location="Siparia" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" specimenCode="PP575899, UDB039794" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Siparia" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54D665B07914FFE015A3FC6417EF3E92" box="[136,227,987,1009]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:—LESSER ANTILLES.
<collectingCountry id="F37A9B827914FFE014CBFC6415383E92" box="[480,564,987,1009]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49A915F07914FFE0176BFC64158A3E92" box="[576,646,987,1009]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" name="Siparia" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Siparia</collectingRegion>
, on wood,
<date id="FFD3FDD27914FFE017D2FC6414A23E93" box="[761,942,987,1009]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" value="1949-11-04">
<collectingDate id="EF97043A7914FFE017D2FC6414A23E93" box="[761,942,987,1009]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" value="1949-11-04">4 November 1949</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE01690FC6413743E93" box="[955,1144,987,1009]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<collectionCode id="ED7C43D77914FFE01690FC6414C03E93" box="[955,972,987,1008]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="2698BEC47914FFE016E4FC6413403E92" box="[975,1100,987,1009]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">W.G. Dennis</collectorName>
287
</emphasis>
(K(M)140606!; ITS sequence: GenBank/
<collectionCode id="ED7C43D77914FFE0140EFBBF167D3976" box="[293,369,1024,1045]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">UNITE</collectionCode>
:
<specimenCode id="DBCB73697914FFE01452FC4016D73976" box="[377,475,1023,1045]" collectionCode="UNITE" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">PP575899</specimenCode>
/
<specimenCode id="DBCB73697914FFE014C2FC4015643977" box="[489,616,1023,1044]" collectionCode="UDB" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">UDB039794</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE015A3FB9C156F395A" blockId="11.[136,1453,987,1261]" box="[136,611,1059,1081]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE015DDFB9B1553395A" authority="Dennis (1952: 488)" authorityName="Dennis" authorityPageNumber="488" authorityYear="1952" box="[246,607,1059,1081]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Lepiota" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sipariana">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE015DDFB9B16AD395A" box="[246,417,1060,1081]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Lepiota sipariana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE0148CFB9C1553395A" author="Dennis, R. W. G." box="[423,607,1059,1081]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" pagination="459 - 499" refId="ref8855" refString="Dennis, R. W. G. (1952) Lepiota and allied genera in Trinidad, British West Indies. Kew Bulletin 7 (4): 459 - 499. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4117800" type="journal article" year="1952">Dennis (1952:488)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE015A3FBF815E0393E" blockId="11.[136,1453,987,1261]" box="[136,748,1095,1117]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
Synonym:
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE015DAFBF815E4393E" authority="(Dennis) Thoen (1969: 190)" authorityName="Thoen" authorityPageNumber="190" authorityYear="1969" baseAuthorityName="Dennis" box="[241,744,1095,1117]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="siparianum">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE015DAFBF816D4393E" box="[241,472,1095,1117]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystoderma siparianum</emphasis>
(Dennis)
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE01713FBF815E4393E" author="Thoen, D." box="[568,744,1095,1117]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" pagination="183 - 190" refId="ref11543" refString="Thoen, D. (1969) Le genre Cystoderma (Tricholomataceae) en Afrique centrale. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique 39 (2): 183 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3667698" type="journal article" year="1969">Thoen (1969:190)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37788997914FFE015A3FBD4126F398F" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE015A3FBD4156439E2" blockId="11.[136,1453,987,1261]" box="[136,616,1131,1153]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7DFC3C7914FFE015A3FBD4156439E2" box="[136,616,1131,1153]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACCFD037914FFE015A3FBD4156839E2" author="Dennis, R. W. G." box="[136,612,1131,1153]" page=")" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" year="1970">
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE015A3FBD4156839E2" ID-CoL="4T4PW" authority="(Dennis) Dennis (1970: 58)" authorityName="Dennis" authorityPageNumber="58" authorityYear="1970" baseAuthorityName="Dennis" box="[136,612,1131,1153]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Ripartitella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sipariana">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE015A3FBD4165539E2" box="[136,345,1131,1153]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Ripartitella sipariana</emphasis>
(Dennis)
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE01492FBD4156839E2" author="Dennis, R. W. G." box="[441,612,1131,1153]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" pagination="1 - 531" refId="ref8898" refString="Dennis, R. W. G. (1970) Fungus flora of Venezuela and adjacent countries. Kew Bulletin, Additional Series 3: 1 - 531." type="book chapter" year="1970">Dennis (1970:58)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE015A3FB30153339C6" blockId="11.[136,1453,987,1261]" box="[136,575,1167,1189]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7DFC3C7914FFE015A3FB30153339C6" box="[136,575,1167,1189]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACCFD037914FFE015A3FB30153739C6" author="Thoen, D." box="[136,571,1167,1189]" page=")" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" year="1969">
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE015A3FB30153739C6" ID-CoL="33PQT" authority="Thoen (1969: 185)" authorityName="Thoen" authorityPageNumber="185" authorityYear="1969" box="[136,571,1167,1189]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cristalliferum">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE015A3FB30168939C7" box="[136,389,1167,1188]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystoderma cristalliferum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE014A0FB30153739C6" author="Thoen, D." box="[395,571,1167,1189]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" pagination="183 - 190" refId="ref11543" refString="Thoen, D. (1969) Le genre Cystoderma (Tricholomataceae) en Afrique centrale. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique 39 (2): 183 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3667698" type="journal article" year="1969">Thoen (1969:185)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE015A3FB0C15AF39AA" blockId="11.[136,1453,987,1261]" box="[136,675,1203,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7DFC3C7914FFE015A3FB0C15AF39AA" box="[136,675,1203,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACCFD037914FFE015A3FB0C159339AA" author="Harmaja, H." box="[136,671,1203,1225]" page=")" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" year="2002">
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE015A3FB0C159339AA" ID-CoL="33PSD" authority="(Thoen) Harmaja (2002: 46)" authorityName="Harmaja" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="2002" baseAuthorityName="Thoen" box="[136,671,1203,1225]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystodermella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cristallifera">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE015A3FB0C168739AB" box="[136,395,1203,1224]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystodermella cristallifera</emphasis>
(Thoen)
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE014CEFB0C159339AA" author="Harmaja, H." box="[485,671,1203,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" pagination="39 - 48" refId="ref9223" refString="Harmaja, H. (2002) Amylolepiota, Clavicybe and Cystodermella, new genera of the Agaricales. Karstenia 42 (2): 39 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.29203 / ka. 2002.386" type="journal article" year="2002">Harmaja (2002:46)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE015A3FB68126F398F" blockId="11.[136,1453,987,1261]" box="[136,1379,1239,1261]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
Illustration:—
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE01425FB68152A398F" author="Heinemann, P. &amp; Thoen, D." box="[270,550,1239,1261]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" refId="ref9264" refString="Heinemann, P. &amp; Thoen, D. (1973 a) Flore illustree des champignons d'Afrique centrale 2. Leucocoprineae p. p. (Agaricaceae), Cystoderma (Tricholomataceae). Ministere de l'agriculture, Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Meise, 51 pp." type="book" year="1973">Heinemann &amp; Thoen (1973a</bibRefCitation>
: figure 24; plate 9, 6; coloured painting of the
<typeStatus id="54D665B07914FFE016CEFB681335398E" box="[997,1081,1239,1261]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE01172FB68125A398F" ID-CoL="33PQT" authorityName="Thoen" authorityYear="1969" box="[1113,1366,1239,1260]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cristalliferum">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE01172FB68125A398F" box="[1113,1366,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystoderma cristalliferum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37788997914FFE015A3FAA4129D354A" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE015A3FAA413C838C1" blockId="11.[136,1452,1307,2090]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
Specimens studied:—
<collectingCountry id="F37A9B827914FFE01454FAA415223855" box="[383,558,1307,1334]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49A915F07914FFE01715FAA3140F3855" box="[574,771,1308,1334]" country="Costa Rica" name="Puntarenas" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Puntarenas prov.</collectingRegion>
: Canton de Coto Brus, San Vito, Estación Biologica Las Cruces, west trail,
<date id="FFD3FDD27914FFE01471FAFF153A3839" box="[346,566,1343,1370]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" value="1989-11-10">10 November 1989</date>
,
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE01769FAFF14513839" box="[578,861,1343,1370]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">A.E. Franco-Molano 321</emphasis>
(NY! as
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE016EDFA8013D2383A" box="[966,1246,1343,1369]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cinnabarina">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE016EDFA8013D2383A" box="[966,1246,1343,1369]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystoderma cinnabarina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<collectingCountry id="F37A9B827914FFE011DEFAFF16E1381D" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49A915F07914FFE014D0FADC1576381D" box="[507,634,1379,1406]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Sud-Kivu" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Kivu prov.</collectingRegion>
: Panzi, in coffee plantation, on soil,
<quantity id="4C9576F77914FFE01108FADC1371381D" box="[1059,1149,1379,1406]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" unit="m" value="1650.0">1650 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE59BDD57914FFE011A7FADC13D6381D" box="[1164,1242,1379,1406]" degrees="2.55" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" precision="555" value="-2.55">2.55°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE59BDD57914FFE011C3FADB124A381D" box="[1256,1350,1380,1406]" degrees="28.87" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" precision="555" value="28.87">28.87°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFD3FDD27914FFE0107FFADB17CF38C1" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" value="1950-01">January 1950</date>
,
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE015E5FA37150E38C1" box="[206,514,1416,1442]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">M. Goossens-Fontana 5111</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54D665B07914FFE0173BFA38157838C2" box="[528,628,1415,1441]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE017B2FA3814F838C1" authority=", BR" authorityName="BR" box="[665,1012,1415,1442]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cristalliferum">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE017B2FA3814CC38C2" box="[665,960,1415,1441]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystoderma cristalliferum</emphasis>
, BR
</taxonomicName>
5020031802836!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE01596FA1314D43B35" blockId="11.[136,1452,1307,2090]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
Notes:—
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE01409FA14153438A6" authorityName="Harmaja" authorityYear="2002" baseAuthorityName="Dennis" box="[290,568,1451,1477]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystodermella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sipariana">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE01409FA14153438A6" box="[290,568,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystodermella sipariana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterised by its reddish brown pileus, ellipsoid to oblong basidiospores, 4.06.0 × 2.03.0 µm (av. 4.5 × 2.5 µm), Q=1.42.3 (av. 1.8); fusoid-ventricose cheilo- and pleurocystidia, with a crystal-encrusted apex (reminiscent of
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE01760FA4B15F53B6E" box="[587,761,1523,1550]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cinnabarina">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE01760FA4B15F53B6E" box="[587,761,1523,1550]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">C. cinnabarina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), growing on soil or wood. Based on ITS phylogeny (
<figureCitation id="1356C7977914FFE01055FA4C17993B51" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[136,229,2028,2050]" captionTargetBox="[226,1366,203,1991]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[217,1370,190,2004]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree of ITS data of Cystodermella and Ripartitella. Bootstrap values of ML analyses (≥ 70%) and Bayesian Posterior Probabilities (≥ 0.95) are above and below branches, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217461/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), the
<typeStatus id="54D665B07914FFE015F7F9A716003B51" box="[220,268,1560,1586]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">type</typeStatus>
specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE0149DF9A815C73B52" box="[438,715,1559,1585]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cristallifera">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE0149DF9A815C73B52" box="[438,715,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystoderma cristallifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE01623F9A714DE3B52" authorityName="Dennis" authorityYear="1952" box="[776,978,1560,1585]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Lepiota" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sipariana">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE01623F9A714DE3B52" box="[776,978,1560,1585]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Lepiota sipariana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are conspecific, therefore
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE01023F9A816003B36" authorityName="Harmaja" authorityYear="2002" baseAuthorityName="Thoen" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystodermella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cristallifera">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE01023F9A816003B36" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystodermella cristallifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be treated as a synonym of the older name
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE0166EF98314DC3B36" authorityName="Dennis" authorityYear="1952" box="[837,976,1596,1622]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Lepiota" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sipariana">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE0166EF98314DC3B36" box="[837,976,1596,1622]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">C. sipariana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE01596F9E016593A15" blockId="11.[136,1452,1307,2090]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE01596F9E0166C3B19" author="Dennis, R. W. G." box="[189,352,1631,1658]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" pagination="459 - 499" refId="ref8855" refString="Dennis, R. W. G. (1952) Lepiota and allied genera in Trinidad, British West Indies. Kew Bulletin 7 (4): 459 - 499. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4117800" type="journal article" year="1952">Dennis (1952)</bibRefCitation>
reported rare cylindrical cheilocystidia, 3 µm wide; later (1970) slightly ventricose, subcapitate and sometimes encrusted above (as found in
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE017A2F93C14173BFE" box="[649,795,1667,1693]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Tricholomataceae" genus="Melanoleuca" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE017A2F93C14173BFE" box="[649,795,1667,1693]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Melanoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
!).
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE01616F93C14DB3BFE" author="Thoen, D." box="[829,983,1667,1693]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" pagination="183 - 190" refId="ref11543" refString="Thoen, D. (1969) Le genre Cystoderma (Tricholomataceae) en Afrique centrale. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique 39 (2): 183 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3667698" type="journal article" year="1969">Thoen (1969)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned the
<typeStatus id="54D665B07914FFE011A2F93B13B53BFD" box="[1161,1209,1668,1694]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">type</typeStatus>
specimen possessing abundant cheilo- and pleurocystidia: bottle-shaped, 3035 × 4.55 µm, base approximately 4 µm, the top covered with very large crystals.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE014B1F974153E3B85" author="Pegler, D. N." box="[410,562,1739,1766]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" pagination="1 - 668" refId="ref10446" refString="Pegler, D. N. (1983) Agaric flora of the Lesser Antilles. Kew Bulletin, Additional Series 9: 1 - 668." type="book chapter" year="1983">Pegler (1983)</bibRefCitation>
reported this species (Pegler 2771, not studied) from
<collectingCountry id="F37A9B827914FFE011A3F974120B3B86" box="[1160,1287,1739,1765]" name="Martinique" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Martinique</collectingCountry>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE01039F97412A73B85" author="Pegler, D. N." box="[1298,1451,1739,1766]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" refId="ref10473" refString="Pegler, D. N. (1997) The Agarics of Sa t o Paulo, Brazil. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 68 pp." type="book" year="1997">Pegler (1997)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE01591F95016D53A69" author="Capelari, M. &amp; Asai, T." box="[186,473,1775,1802]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" pagination="339 - 348" refId="ref8749" refString="Capelari, M. &amp; Asai, T. (2009) Cystoderma, Cystodermella and Ripartitella in Atlantic Forest, Sa t o Paulo State, Brazil. Hoehnea 36 (2): 339 - 348. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 2236 - 89062009000200011" type="journal article" year="2009">Capelari and Asai (2009)</bibRefCitation>
from
<collectingRegion id="49A915F07914FFE01709F94F15D83A69" box="[546,724,1775,1802]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">São Paulo state</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37A9B827914FFE017C9F950142A3A6A" box="[738,806,1775,1801]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(SP specimens, not studied). Peglers collections (3847, K(M)42323; 3848, K(M)42325) from
<collectingCountry id="F37A9B827914FFE01768F8AC158B3A4E" box="[579,647,1811,1837]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Brazil</collectingCountry>
were sequenced and these do not belong to this species, but rather a species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE0142EF888169F3A32" authorityName="Singer (Singer &amp; Digilio" authorityYear="1952" box="[261,403,1847,1873]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystolepiota" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE0142EF888169F3A32" box="[261,403,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystolepiota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, either one currently with no readily available ITS sequence or one that has not yet been described (
<figureCitation id="1356C7977914FFE01428F8E416443A15" box="[259,328,1883,1910]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[136,229,2028,2050]" captionTargetBox="[176,1358,200,1991]" captionTargetId="figure-23@6.[167,1420,190,2004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic tree of ITS data of Cystolepiota and Melanophyllum. Bootstrap values of ML analyses (≥ 70 %) and Bayesian Posterior Probabilities (≥ 0.95) are above and below branches, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217463" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217463/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD2DB127914FFE01596F83F129D354A" blockId="11.[136,1452,1307,2090]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
Note that
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE01418F8C014923AFA" authority="(A. H. Sm. &amp; Singer) Vizzini" authorityName="Vizzini" baseAuthorityName="A. H. Sm. &amp; Singer" box="[307,926,1919,1946]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystodermella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE01418F8C0154F3AFA" box="[307,579,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystodermella australis</emphasis>
(A.H. Sm. &amp; Singer) Vizzini
</taxonomicName>
could be the oldest available epithet for this species.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCA6E37914FFE015CCF81C16E43ADD" author="Smith, A. H. &amp; Singer, R." box="[231,488,1955,1982]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" pagination="71 - 124" refId="ref11200" refString="Smith, A. H. &amp; Singer, R. (1945) A monograph on the genus Cystoderma. Papers of the Michigan Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters 30: 71 - 124." type="journal article" year="1945">Smith &amp; Singer (1945)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE017B6F81C14843ADE" box="[669,904,1955,1981]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="australe">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE017B6F81C14843ADE" box="[669,904,1955,1981]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Cystoderma australe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has similar cheilocystidia as
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE011FBF81B128C3ADE" box="[1232,1408,1955,1982]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE011FBF81B12713ADE" box="[1232,1405,1955,1982]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cinnabarina">C. cinnabarina</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
but is distinguished by its lignicolous habitat (decaying log), southern distribution (
<collectingCountry id="F37A9B827914FFE016DCF877133F3A81" box="[1015,1075,1992,2018]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49A915F07914FFE01115F878139F3A82" box="[1086,1171,1991,2017]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">Florida</collectingRegion>
), dark rusty brown pileus (like
<taxonomicName id="4C6DA0917914FFE015E9F85316583566" box="[194,340,2027,2054]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Cystodermella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="granulosa">
<emphasis id="B91907007914FFE015E9F85316583566" box="[194,340,2027,2054]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="92">C. granulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and small basidiomata. There are no other original collections than the
<typeStatus id="54D665B07914FFE011ABF85413EE3566" box="[1152,1250,2027,2053]" pageId="11" pageNumber="92" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen (Singer F1184, FH220880), which is in such poor condition that it did not permit destructive sampling for DNA extraction.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>