143 lines
24 KiB
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143 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="3CD4F36E7A502F3314EFF29857A89376" ID-CLB-Dataset="8114" ID-DOI="10.37520/aemnp.2020.24" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9cf87cc9-79ad-4a31-83ca-b635d495a0b9" ID-ISSN="1804-6487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4489252" ID-ZooBank="AC387BAF-E7A8-40B2-9486-E5642074587D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612221266920" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lackner, Tomáš" docDate="2020" docId="039A87F1FFC4FFB0FC6FB2CCFD4AFC36" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPrag.60.2.397-409.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85.8:ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Gnathoncus rotundatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="404" masterDocId="FFA3FF89FFC2FFB7FFEBB448FFB2FFA3" masterDocTitle="A review of Gnathoncus of Southeast Asia (Coleoptera: Histeridae: Saprininae)" masterLastPageNumber="409" masterPageNumber="397" pageNumber="403" updateTime="1698926172273" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="B3D1D24CC9DD8492300A9385491ED592">A review of Gnathoncus of Southeast Asia (Coleoptera: Histeridae: Saprininae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E91AF3DEB06C94FCC547D14416A9AB2E">Lackner, Tomáš</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BEC0CE88E00AFBEEC70156EAE5BB1000">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="83F57CFD8C14BF3135BB6AE9D2851C7B">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039A87F1FFC4FFB0FC6FB2CCFD4AFC36" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4549637" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177425809" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4549637" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039A87F1FFC4FFB0FC6FB2CCFD4AFC36" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87F1FFC4FFB0FC6FB2CCFD4AFC36" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="404" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">
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<subSubSection id="C329656CFFC4FFB1FC6FB2CCFAE1F93F" box="[900,1363,1668,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="403" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8C36E7FFC4FFB1FC6FB2CCFAE1F93F" blockId="6.[900,1363,1668,1692]" box="[900,1363,1668,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">
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<heading id="D0C4818BFFC4FFB1FC6FB2CCFAE1F93F" box="[900,1363,1668,1692]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="403" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D64FFC4FFB1FC6FB2CCFAE1F93F" ID-CoL="3GLS7" authority="(Kugelann, 1792)" baseAuthorityName="Kugelann" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[900,1363,1668,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Gnathoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC4FFB1FC6FB2CCFAE1F93F" bold="true" box="[900,1363,1668,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">
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<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC4FFB1FC6FB2CCFB3BF93F" bold="true" box="[900,1161,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">Gnathoncus rotundatus</emphasis>
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(Kugelann, 1792)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C329656CFFC4FFB0FBF1B2ECFE06FD16" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="404" pageId="6" pageNumber="403" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8C36E7FFC4FFB1FBF1B2ECFB0FF914" blockId="6.[828,1436,1700,1806]" box="[1050,1213,1700,1719]" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13082A62FFC4FFB1FBCBB2ECFBEAF914" box="[1056,1112,1700,1719]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[151,188,2037,2056]" captionTargetBox="[156,1415,199,1995]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[151,1435,189,2006]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Dorsal (1–4) and ventral (5) habitus of SE Asian Gnathoncus species. 1 – G. brevisternus Lewis, 1907; 2 – G. nannetensis (Marseul, 1862); 3 – G. rotundatus (Kugelann, 1792); 4–5 – G. sechuanus sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489256/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13082A62FFC4FFB1FB8AB2ECFB2BF914" box="[1121,1177,1700,1719]" captionStart="Figs 16–51" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1822,1841]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,196,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-13@5.[148,1439,189,1684]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 16–51. Male genitalia of SE Asian Gnathoncus species. 16–24 – G. brevisternus Lewis, 1907: 16–18 – VIII sternite and tergite (16 – ventral view; 17 – dorsal view; 18 – lateral view). 19–20 – IX and X tergites (19 – dorsal view; 20 –lateral view). 21–22 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (21 – ventral view; 22 – lateral view). 23–24 – aedeagus (23 – dorsal view; 24 – lateral view). 25–34 – G. nannetensis (Marseul, 1862) (after ÔΗΑRΑ 1994). 25–27 – VIII sternite and tergite (25 – apical half in ventral view; 26 – dorsal view; 27 – lateral view).28–30 – aedeagus (28 – apex, apical view; 29 – dorsal view; 30 – lateral view). 31–32 – IX and X tergite (31 – dorsal view; 32 – lateral view). 33–34 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (33 – ventral view; 34 –lateral view). 35–42 – G. rotundatus (Kugelann, 1792) (after ÔΗΑRΑ 1994). 35–37 – VIII sternite and tergite (35 – apical half in ventral view; 36 – dorsal view; 37 – lateral view). 38–39 – IX and X tergite (38 – dorsal view; 39 – lateral view). 40 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale), ventral view. 41–42 – aedeagus (41 – dorsal view; 42 – lateral view). 43–51 – G. sechuanus sp. nov. 43–45 – VIII sternite and tergite (43 – ventral view; 44 – dorsal view; 45 – lateral view). 46–47 – IX and X tergites (46 – dorsal view; 47 –lateral view). 48–49 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (48 – ventral view; 49 – lateral view). 50–51 – aedeagus (51 – dorsal view; 51 – lateral view)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489268/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">35–42</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13082A62FFC4FFB1FB4AB2ECFB05F914" box="[1185,1207,1700,1719]" captionStart="Figs 52–53" captionStartId="6.[828,865,774,793]" captionTargetBox="[830,1434,192,745]" captionTargetId="figure-794@6.[825,1439,186,756]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 52–53. Pygidial microsculptures. 52 – Gnathoncus nannetensis (Marseul, 1862); 53 – G. rotundatus (Kugelann, 1792) (from SτοർΚ- ΜΑΝΝ 1957)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489272/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">53</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C36E7FFC4FFB1FCD7B28EFB8AF8AD" blockId="6.[828,1436,1700,1806]" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D64FFC4FFB1FCD7B28EFBB4F97A" baseAuthorityName="Kugelann" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[828,1030,1734,1753]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Gnathoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC4FFB1FCD7B28EFBB4F97A" box="[828,1030,1734,1753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">Gnathoncus rotundatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: MΑƵUR (2011): 176 (catalogue); LΑർΚΝΕR et al. (2015): 114 (catalogue); LΑർΚΝΕR +| LΕඌർΗΕΝ (2017): 33, figs 90–110, 754 (mentioned).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C36E7FFC4FFB1FCAFB36FFC4EF81D" blockId="6.[828,1437,1831,2078]" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">
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<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC4FFB1FCAFB36FFC39F89D" bold="true" box="[836,907,1831,1854]" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">Notes.</emphasis>
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Complete synonymy and references of this species are given by LΑർΚΝΕR (2010: 118) and the reader is referred to them there. For the sake of completeness we list the references of all works containing
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D64FFC4FFB1FAECB3CFFA2FF83D" baseAuthorityName="Kugelann" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[1287,1437,1927,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Gnathoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC4FFB1FAECB3CFFA2FF83D" box="[1287,1437,1927,1950]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">G. rotundatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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since 2010 above.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C36E7FFC4FFB0FCB1B38FFD4BFE96" blockId="6.[828,1437,1831,2078]" lastBlockId="7.[151,765,190,917]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="404" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">
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This species has been very thoroughly redescribed and figured in detail by ÔΗΑRΑ (1994: 220) and the reader is referred to the redescription there. For the sake of better recognition of this species among others spread in Southeast Asia, the habitus (
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<figureCitation id="13082A62FFC5FFB0FEB4B496FE13FF56" box="[351,417,222,245]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[151,188,2037,2056]" captionTargetBox="[156,1415,199,1995]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[151,1435,189,2006]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Dorsal (1–4) and ventral (5) habitus of SE Asian Gnathoncus species. 1 – G. brevisternus Lewis, 1907; 2 – G. nannetensis (Marseul, 1862); 3 – G. rotundatus (Kugelann, 1792); 4–5 – G. sechuanus sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489256/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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) as well as pygidium (
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<figureCitation id="13082A62FFC5FFB0FD4BB496FD42FF56" box="[672,752,222,245]" captionStart="Figs 52–53" captionStartId="6.[828,865,774,793]" captionTargetBox="[830,1434,192,745]" captionTargetId="figure-794@6.[825,1439,186,756]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 52–53. Pygidial microsculptures. 52 – Gnathoncus nannetensis (Marseul, 1862); 53 – G. rotundatus (Kugelann, 1792) (from SτοർΚ- ΜΑΝΝ 1957)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489272/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
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) and male genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="13082A62FFC5FFB0FE98B4B6FE42FEB6" box="[371,496,254,277]" captionStart="Figs 16–51" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1822,1841]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,196,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-13@5.[148,1439,189,1684]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 16–51. Male genitalia of SE Asian Gnathoncus species. 16–24 – G. brevisternus Lewis, 1907: 16–18 – VIII sternite and tergite (16 – ventral view; 17 – dorsal view; 18 – lateral view). 19–20 – IX and X tergites (19 – dorsal view; 20 –lateral view). 21–22 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (21 – ventral view; 22 – lateral view). 23–24 – aedeagus (23 – dorsal view; 24 – lateral view). 25–34 – G. nannetensis (Marseul, 1862) (after ÔΗΑRΑ 1994). 25–27 – VIII sternite and tergite (25 – apical half in ventral view; 26 – dorsal view; 27 – lateral view).28–30 – aedeagus (28 – apex, apical view; 29 – dorsal view; 30 – lateral view). 31–32 – IX and X tergite (31 – dorsal view; 32 – lateral view). 33–34 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (33 – ventral view; 34 –lateral view). 35–42 – G. rotundatus (Kugelann, 1792) (after ÔΗΑRΑ 1994). 35–37 – VIII sternite and tergite (35 – apical half in ventral view; 36 – dorsal view; 37 – lateral view). 38–39 – IX and X tergite (38 – dorsal view; 39 – lateral view). 40 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale), ventral view. 41–42 – aedeagus (41 – dorsal view; 42 – lateral view). 43–51 – G. sechuanus sp. nov. 43–45 – VIII sternite and tergite (43 – ventral view; 44 – dorsal view; 45 – lateral view). 46–47 – IX and X tergites (46 – dorsal view; 47 –lateral view). 48–49 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (48 – ventral view; 49 – lateral view). 50–51 – aedeagus (51 – dorsal view; 51 – lateral view)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489268/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Figs 35–42</figureCitation>
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) are reproduced herein. The differential diagnosis of this species is also provided.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C36E7FFC5FFB0FF7CB576FE06FD16" blockId="7.[151,765,190,917]" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">
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<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC5FFB0FF7CB576FE2BFEF6" bold="true" box="[151,409,318,341]" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D64FFC5FFB0FE4FB576FD15FEF6" baseAuthorityName="Kugelann" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[420,679,318,341]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Gnathoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC5FFB0FE4FB576FD15FEF6" box="[420,679,318,341]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Gnathoncus rotundatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D64FFC5FFB0FF24B516FE24FED6" authorityName="Bickhardt" authorityYear="1920" box="[207,406,350,373]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Gnathoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semimarginatus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC5FFB0FF24B516FE24FED6" box="[207,406,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">G. semimarginatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the complete marginal pronotal stria; from
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D64FFC5FFB0FEE6B536FE1FFE36" authorityName="Kryzhanovskij" authorityYear="1972" box="[269,429,382,405]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Gnathoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vietnamicus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC5FFB0FEE6B536FE1FFE36" box="[269,429,382,405]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">G. vietnamicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the absence of longer apical fragment of the sutural elytral stria, and from
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D64FFC5FFB0FD80B5D6FD4AFE16" authorityName="Lackner" authorityYear="2020" box="[619,760,414,437]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Gnathoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sechuanus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC5FFB0FD80B5D6FD4AFE16" box="[619,760,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">G. sechuanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the absence of strong alutaceous microsculpture of the elytra. From the most similar
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D64FFC5FFB0FE3CB596FDC9FE56" authorityName="Lewis" authorityYear="1907" box="[471,635,478,501]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Gnathoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevisternus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC5FFB0FE3CB596FDC9FE56" box="[471,635,478,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">G. brevisternus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it differs in much smaller, inconspicuous prosternal fovea and narrower prosternum, as well as in different structure of the aedeagus (compare
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<figureCitation id="13082A62FFC5FFB0FEE8B676FE17FDF6" box="[259,421,574,597]" captionStart="Figs 16–51" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1822,1841]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,196,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-13@5.[148,1439,189,1684]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 16–51. Male genitalia of SE Asian Gnathoncus species. 16–24 – G. brevisternus Lewis, 1907: 16–18 – VIII sternite and tergite (16 – ventral view; 17 – dorsal view; 18 – lateral view). 19–20 – IX and X tergites (19 – dorsal view; 20 –lateral view). 21–22 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (21 – ventral view; 22 – lateral view). 23–24 – aedeagus (23 – dorsal view; 24 – lateral view). 25–34 – G. nannetensis (Marseul, 1862) (after ÔΗΑRΑ 1994). 25–27 – VIII sternite and tergite (25 – apical half in ventral view; 26 – dorsal view; 27 – lateral view).28–30 – aedeagus (28 – apex, apical view; 29 – dorsal view; 30 – lateral view). 31–32 – IX and X tergite (31 – dorsal view; 32 – lateral view). 33–34 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (33 – ventral view; 34 –lateral view). 35–42 – G. rotundatus (Kugelann, 1792) (after ÔΗΑRΑ 1994). 35–37 – VIII sternite and tergite (35 – apical half in ventral view; 36 – dorsal view; 37 – lateral view). 38–39 – IX and X tergite (38 – dorsal view; 39 – lateral view). 40 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale), ventral view. 41–42 – aedeagus (41 – dorsal view; 42 – lateral view). 43–51 – G. sechuanus sp. nov. 43–45 – VIII sternite and tergite (43 – ventral view; 44 – dorsal view; 45 – lateral view). 46–47 – IX and X tergites (46 – dorsal view; 47 –lateral view). 48–49 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (48 – ventral view; 49 – lateral view). 50–51 – aedeagus (51 – dorsal view; 51 – lateral view)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489268/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Figs 41 and 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D64FFC5FFB0FE13B676FD25FDF6" baseAuthorityName="Marseul" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[504,663,574,597]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Gnathoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nannetensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC5FFB0FE13B676FD25FDF6" box="[504,663,574,597]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">G. nannetensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it differs in oval-shaped pygidial punctures, differently-shaped male VIII sternite and tergite (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A62FFC5FFB0FDE9B636FD42FD36" box="[514,752,638,661]" captionStart="Figs 16–51" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1822,1841]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,196,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-13@5.[148,1439,189,1684]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 16–51. Male genitalia of SE Asian Gnathoncus species. 16–24 – G. brevisternus Lewis, 1907: 16–18 – VIII sternite and tergite (16 – ventral view; 17 – dorsal view; 18 – lateral view). 19–20 – IX and X tergites (19 – dorsal view; 20 –lateral view). 21–22 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (21 – ventral view; 22 – lateral view). 23–24 – aedeagus (23 – dorsal view; 24 – lateral view). 25–34 – G. nannetensis (Marseul, 1862) (after ÔΗΑRΑ 1994). 25–27 – VIII sternite and tergite (25 – apical half in ventral view; 26 – dorsal view; 27 – lateral view).28–30 – aedeagus (28 – apex, apical view; 29 – dorsal view; 30 – lateral view). 31–32 – IX and X tergite (31 – dorsal view; 32 – lateral view). 33–34 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (33 – ventral view; 34 –lateral view). 35–42 – G. rotundatus (Kugelann, 1792) (after ÔΗΑRΑ 1994). 35–37 – VIII sternite and tergite (35 – apical half in ventral view; 36 – dorsal view; 37 – lateral view). 38–39 – IX and X tergite (38 – dorsal view; 39 – lateral view). 40 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale), ventral view. 41–42 – aedeagus (41 – dorsal view; 42 – lateral view). 43–51 – G. sechuanus sp. nov. 43–45 – VIII sternite and tergite (43 – ventral view; 44 – dorsal view; 45 – lateral view). 46–47 – IX and X tergites (46 – dorsal view; 47 –lateral view). 48–49 – IX sternite (spiculum gastrale) (48 – ventral view; 49 – lateral view). 50–51 – aedeagus (51 – dorsal view; 51 – lateral view)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489268/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Figs 25–27 and 35–37</figureCitation>
|
||
) and in reddish-brown legs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C329656CFFC5FFB0FF7CB6F6FD4FFC96" pageId="7" pageNumber="404" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36E7FFC5FFB0FF7CB6F6FD4FFC96" blockId="7.[151,765,190,917]" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC5FFB0FF7CB6F6FF40FD76" bold="true" box="[151,242,702,725]" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
A typical synanthrope found mostly in anthropogenic settings, but collected also on carrion, bird nests, excrements, decaying vegetable matter, birch sap, occasionally even in anthills (KRΥƵΗΑΝοඏඌΚιΙ +| RΕιർΗΑRƉτ 1976).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C329656CFFC5FFB0FF7CB776FD4AFC36" pageId="7" pageNumber="404" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36E7FFC5FFB0FF7CB776FD4AFC36" blockId="7.[151,765,190,917]" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAF5FFC5FFB0FF7CB776FE97FCF6" bold="true" box="[151,293,830,853]" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Holarctic Region,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3247677FFC5FFB0FE07B776FD46FCF6" box="[492,756,830,853]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3247677FFC5FFB0FF7CB716FF63FCD6" box="[151,209,862,885]" name="Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Saint Paul Island (MΑƵUR 2011). From SEAsia reported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3247677FFC5FFB0FF1DB736FEF1FC36" box="[246,323,894,917]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3247677FFC5FFB0FE9EB736FE0AFC36" box="[373,440,894,917]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F7F805FFC5FFB0FE2AB736FDB6FC36" box="[449,516,894,917]" country="China" name="Gansu" pageId="7" pageNumber="404">Gansu</collectingRegion>
|
||
(LΑർΚΝΕR et al. 2015).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |