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<document id="64CDE5059230F0B03FB770A53F135A7D" ID-CLB-Dataset="288840" ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090-421.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c1f570ac-c75c-45d5-bbd5-0e2fba7b6a07" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10687866" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1630349604116" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Grimaldi, David A." docDate="2018" docId="038C315DD664DF05439376DE921F8774" docLanguage="en" docName="B421.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2018 (421)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/0003-0090-421.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C5E2DA72A22EF33813C92A197453A310.5:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="C5E2DA72A22EF33813C92A197453A310" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Hirtodrosophila chagrinensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" masterDocId="FFB54925D67EDF1943487450904D8321" masterDocTitle="Hirtodrosophila Of North America (Diptera: Drosophilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="1" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1708521546524" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="0DBDC5D271445E53D514AF5AEA05E143">Hirtodrosophila Of North America (Diptera: Drosophilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E27E1627C1DA79B761AE62A76ED86FEA">Grimaldi, David A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6AFEA1EE422D14AD89B966A08A4AFEE7">Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="33DC8664B84CA0FE5032A0A209C35BE1">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A7DDF82A5EB0361D77CEE7EBEAB630DE">421</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="AFA203F178DD6AF21A8F65BFE941EA7F" type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0090-421.1.1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="038C315DD664DF05439376DE921F8774" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10687880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10687880" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038C315DD664DF05439376DE921F8774" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C315DD664DF05439376DE921F8774" lastPageId="28" pageId="26">
<subSubSection id="C33FD3C0D664DF03439376DE91A781E9" pageId="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD664DF03439376DE91A781E9" blockId="26.[219,526,654,712]" pageId="26">
<heading id="D0D23727D664DF03439376DE91A781E9" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="26" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C25FBC8D664DF03439376DE91A781E9" ID-CoL="6M8D6" authority="(Stalker and Spencer)" baseAuthorityName="Stalker and Spencer" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Hirtodrosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chagrinensis">
<emphasis id="B9515C59D664DF03439376DE92438187" box="[219,526,654,678]" italics="true" pageId="26">Hirtodrosophila chagrinensis</emphasis>
(Stalker and Spencer)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33FD3C0D664DF0343B6768E91A481D7" box="[254,489,734,758]" pageId="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD664DF0343B6768E91A481D7" blockId="26.[254,489,734,758]" box="[254,489,734,758]" pageId="26">
<heading id="D0D23727D664DF0343B6768E91A481D7" box="[254,489,734,758]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="26" reason="2">
<figureCitation id="131E9CCED664DF0343B6768E912981D7" box="[254,356,734,758]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[108,150,1680,1701]" captionTargetBox="[108,1212,224,1650]" captionTargetId="figure-6@9.[108,1212,224,1651]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 3. Hirtodrosophila chagrinensis (female) A. Habitus, lateral. B. Head, frontal. C. Abdomen, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10687876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10687876/files/figure.png" pageId="26">Figures 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131E9CCED664DF034239768E91D181D7" box="[369,412,734,758]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[108,150,1396,1417]" captionTargetBox="[113,1199,238,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-105@21.[108,1212,224,1356]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 15. Wings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10687914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10687914/files/figure.png" pageId="26">15B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131E9CCED664DF0342E0768E918981D7" box="[424,452,734,758]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="27.[108,150,1418,1439]" captionTargetBox="[118,1211,237,1380]" captionTargetId="figure-6@27.[110,1214,224,1391]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIG. 19. Hirtodrosophila chagrinensis, C, D female (diss. no. 81). A. Frons, portion. B. Antenna. C. Spermatheca. D. Oviscapt, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10687926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10687926/files/figure.png" pageId="26">19</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131E9CCED664DF034287768E91A481D7" box="[463,489,734,758]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="72.[108,150,1222,1243]" captionTargetBox="[107,1211,224,1196]" captionTargetId="figure-9@72.[107,1211,224,1196]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIG. 40. Hirtodrosophila chagrinensis, holotype female (USNM). A. Habitus, lateral. B. Head, frontal. C. Head, lateral. D. Head and thorax, dorsal. E. Abdomen, dorsal. F.Labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10687982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10687982/files/figure.png" pageId="26">40</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33FD3C0D664DF03432477409146806A" pageId="26" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD664DF03432477409146806A" blockId="26.[108,638,784,1741]" pageId="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C25FBC8D664DF0343247740909E806A" authority="Stalker and Spencer" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="chagrinensis">
<heading id="D0D23727D664DF0343247740920A8008" box="[108,583,784,809]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="26" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B9515C59D664DF0343247740912B8009" box="[108,358,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="26">Drosophila chagrinensis</emphasis>
Stalker and Spencer,
</heading>
1939
</taxonomicName>
: 111.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33FD3C0D664DF0343C4770991B287FC" pageId="26" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD664DF0343C4770991B287FC" blockId="26.[108,638,784,1741]" pageId="26">DIAGNOSIS: Based entirely on female: Head and scutum yellow to orange, latter with faint, slightly darker pair of paramedian stripes; wing yellowish; abdominal tergites shiny, with anterior half dark yellow, posterior half black-brown. Eye with sparse, fine setulae. Oviscapt heavily sclerotized, with vertical row of four posterodorsal pegs above a horizontal, flat row of three apical pegs; spermatheca heavily sclerotized, unique among North American species for large size (ca. 15 μm length vs. usually less than 10 μm) and basal half with five well-defined ribs.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33FD3C0D664DF0543C570B692238123" lastPageId="28" pageId="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD664DF0343C570B693BB82E1" blockId="26.[108,638,784,1741]" lastBlockId="26.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="26">
DESCRIPTION:
<emphasis id="B9515C59D664DF03427570B6918B87DF" bold="true" box="[317,454,1254,1278]" pageId="26">Coloration:</emphasis>
Head: Frontal vitta golden bronze, matte, finely striate; ocellar triangle shiny, light outside ocellar boundaries, dark brown within; fronto-orbital plate slightly lighter than frontal vitta, shiny; anterior margin of frons dark yellowish. Antenna: pedicel dark yellow, mesal surface infuscate; basal flagellomere dark brown; arista dark brown, tiny basal articles lighter. Face and cheek cream colored, dark yellow at vibrissal angle; oral margin of face not darkened. Clypeus not exposed in the
<specimenCount id="9D234BC2D664DF03411B726190AE854B" pageId="26" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
; palp dark brown; labellum light brown, rest of proboscis lighter. Eye dull, dark red. Thorax: scutum dull orange, shiny but with light pollinosity, with paramedian pair of faint darker stripes; scutellum approximately same color as scutum; pleura slightly darker than scutum, particularly under wing. Wing yellowish; legs and halter light. Abdomen: abdominal tergites shiny, with anterior half dark yellow, posterior half black-brown; sternites and cerci yellowish; oviscapt melanized.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD664DF0341847599942187DA" blockId="26.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="26">
<emphasis id="B9515C59D664DF0341847599935D82C0" bold="true" box="[716,784,457,481]" pageId="26">Head:</emphasis>
Antenna: Scape concealed under ptilinal suture; pedicel with setulae and two larger setae; basal flagellomere relatively short, apex reaching to oral margin (but face is short), arista with four relatively short dorsal branches, one ventral branch (between d4 and apical fork). Eye egg-shaped in lateral view, with sparse, short, fine interfacetal setulae. Face short, concave; carina barely developed, mostly concealed by antennae; one pair vibrissae, subvibrissal setulae minute; cheek of moderate depth. Frons: Frontal vitta finely striate, margins between it and ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate well defined; ocellar triangle large, anterior corner extended to level of proclinates. Fronto-orbital setae: proclinate slightly shorter than posterior reclinate seta; anterior reclinate small, fine, ca. 0.3× size of proclinate; posterior reclinate approximately midway between ipsilateral proclinate and inner vertical setae. Ocellar seta long, tip extended past level of proclinate; postocellar setae relatively long, ca. 0.7× size of ocellar, crossed at tips. Inner vertical setae upright, inclinate, approximately same length as outer vertical setae, which are lateroclinate and pointed slightly posteriad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD664DF0341847154939786E0" blockId="26.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="26">
Head measurements (
<emphasis id="B9515C59D664DF03408271549390863A" box="[970,989,1284,1307]" italics="true" pageId="26">N</emphasis>
= 2): CD/ED 0.18 (0.16, 0.20), ED/EW 1.18 (1.16, 1.20), FD/FW 1.09 (1.00, 1.19), FL/LFW 0.85 (0.83, 0.87), HW/ HD 1.46 (1.45, 1.48), Ocellar S-index 1.31 (1.30, 1.33), OR1/OR3 0.81 (0.76, 0.86), OR2/OR1 0.39 (0.34, 0.44), VT-index 1.03.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD664DF024185719A94448563" blockId="26.[684,1213,226,1738]" lastBlockId="27.[684,1212,1512,1735]" lastPageId="27" pageId="26">
<emphasis id="B9515C59D664DF034185719A936A86C3" bold="true" box="[717,807,1482,1506]" pageId="26">Thorax:</emphasis>
Setation: Acrostichal setae in six rows, one acrostichal slightly enlarged just anterior to transverse suture. Anterior dorsocentral ca. 0.7× length of posterior dorsocentral; posterior dorsocentralabout midway between anterior dorsocentral and scutellar margin. Anterior scutellar setae approximately parallel, 0.75× length of posterior scutellar. Postpronotal lobe with 2 setae; 3 notopleural setae (dorsal one largest, posterior one smallest); anterior supraalar ca. 0.35× length of posterior supraalar; anterior postalar ca. 2× length of posterior postalar; two large katepisternal setae, posterior one larger.
<emphasis id="B9515C59D665DF02432472DE90EA8587" bold="true" box="[108,167,1678,1702]" pageId="27">Legs:</emphasis>
Forefemur with ventral row 5 long setae, 2 long lateral setae; no large setae on mid- and hind femora; male foretarsus unknown; midtibia with large ventroapical seta, hind tibia with small, fine preapical dorsal seta.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5AD0C3D665DF02432471DA9137869C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10687926" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10687926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10687926/files/figure.png" pageId="27" startId="27.[108,150,1418,1439]" targetBox="[118,1211,237,1380]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD665DF02432471DA9137869C" blockId="27.[108,1212,1415,1469]" pageId="27">
FIG. 19.
<taxonomicName id="4C25FBC8D665DF02438E71D891A98681" box="[198,484,1416,1440]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Hirtodrosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chagrinensis">
<emphasis id="B9515C59D665DF02438E71D891A98681" box="[198,484,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="27">Hirtodrosophila chagrinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, C, D female (diss. no. 81).
<emphasis id="B9515C59D665DF02404F71D7935286BE" bold="true" box="[775,799,1415,1439]" pageId="27">A.</emphasis>
Frons, portion.
<emphasis id="B9515C59D665DF02408F71D893908681" bold="true" box="[967,989,1416,1440]" pageId="27">B.</emphasis>
Antenna.
<emphasis id="B9515C59D665DF02470F71D7941286BE" bold="true" box="[1095,1119,1415,1439]" pageId="27">C.</emphasis>
Spermatheca.
<emphasis id="B9515C59D665DF0243E771F59084869C" bold="true" box="[175,201,1445,1469]" pageId="27">D.</emphasis>
Oviscapt, lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD665DF024184721B942385E7" blockId="27.[684,1212,1512,1735]" pageId="27">Thorax and wing measurements: 4-V index 1.49, 5-X index 1.65, C-index 2.39, DC-index 0.60 (0.59, 0.62), hb-index 2.12, S-index 0.56, ThL 1.17 (1.14, 1.21), ThL/WL 0.45, WL/WW 2.67.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD662DF0543C474B292238123" blockId="28.[107,638,225,1109]" pageId="28">
<emphasis id="B9515C59D662DF0543C474B2910D83D8" bold="true" box="[140,320,225,250]" pageId="28">Male Terminalia</emphasis>
: Male unknown.
<emphasis id="B9515C59D662DF0542B374B2908A823B" bold="true" pageId="28">Female Terminalia:</emphasis>
Oviscapt heavily sclerotized, with vertical row of 4 posterodorsal pegs above a horizontal, flat row of 3 apical pegs, row of 5 minute pegs on ventral margin; oviprovector well developed, fully scaled, scales of moderate size. Spermatheca heavily sclerotized, large (ca. 15 μm length vs. usually less than 10 μm), basal half with 5 well-defined ribs, introvert ca. 0.6× length of spermathecal capsule.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33FD3C0D662DF0543C4765C91DD806C" pageId="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD662DF0543C4765C91F381CB" blockId="28.[107,638,225,1109]" pageId="28">
<materialsCitation id="3B4D8A16D662DF0543C4765C91F381CB" collectingDate="1937-07-27" collectorName="H. D. Stalker. &amp; H. D. Stalker" county="In" location="Stalker" municipality="According" pageId="28" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ohio" typeStatus="holotype">
TYPE:
<typeStatus id="549E3EE9D662DF05439A765B91748102" box="[210,313,523,547]" pageId="28" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, female. “640, N.[orth] Chagrin, O.[hio], 7/22/37,
<collectorName id="26D0E59DD662DF054223767D91BA8165" box="[363,503,556,580]" pageId="28">H.D. Stalker.</collectorName>
<collectingCounty id="62FBF8C7D662DF054140767D926D8165" box="[520,544,557,580]" pageId="28">In</collectingCounty>
USNM.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFE1A31D662DF054324761D90928144" box="[108,223,589,613]" pageId="28">According</collectingMunicipality>
to
<location id="8EFAD690D662DF054242761D911B8144" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038C315DD664DF05439376DE921F8774:8EFAD690D662DF054242761D911B8144" box="[266,342,589,613]" county="In" municipality="According" name="Stalker" pageId="28" stateProvince="Ohio">Stalker</location>
and
<location id="8EFAD690D662DF0542DB761D91A68144" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038C315DD664DF05439376DE921F8774:8EFAD690D662DF0542DB761D91A68144" box="[403,491,589,613]" county="In" municipality="According" name="Spencer" pageId="28" stateProvince="Ohio">Spencer</location>
(1939: 112), “taken from fleshy fungus in North Chagrin Reservation, Cleveland,
<collectingRegion id="49E14EA9D662DF05421F76DF91DC8186" box="[343,401,655,679]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="28">Ohio</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="FF9BA68BD662DF0542D776DF92798189" box="[415,564,655,680]" pageId="28" value="1937-07-27">
<collectingDate id="EFDF5F63D662DF0542D776DF92798189" box="[415,564,655,680]" pageId="28" value="1937-07-27">July 27, 1937</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="26D0E59DD662DF05410E76C090F781E9" pageId="28">H.D. Stalker</collectorName>
).”
<location id="8EFAD690D662DF05439D76E0924D81E9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038C315DD664DF05439376DE921F8774:8EFAD690D662DF05439D76E0924D81E9" box="[213,512,688,712]" county="In" municipality="According" name="North Chagrin Reservation" pageId="28" stateProvince="Ohio">North Chagrin Reservation</location>
is approximately
<locationDeviation id="9A289969D662DF0543F4768191F381CB" box="[188,446,721,746]" location="Cleveland." pageId="28">
<quantity id="4CDD2DAED662DF0543F4768190B681CB" box="[188,251,721,746]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.414016" pageId="28" unit="mi" value="15.0">15 mi</quantity>
NE of Cleveland.
</locationDeviation>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD662DF0543C476A391DD806C" blockId="28.[107,638,225,1109]" pageId="28">
OTHER SPECIMEN EXAMINED:
<emphasis id="B9515C59D662DF05429376A290C3800A" bold="true" pageId="28">
<collectingCountry id="F332C0DBD662DF05429376A2925F802B" box="[475,530,754,778]" name="United States of America" pageId="28">USA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49E14EA9D662DF05415576A290C3800A" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="28">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Mellen, VII/17/52, H.L. Carson,
<specimenCount id="9D234BC2D662DF05415177449273800A" box="[537,574,788,812]" pageId="28" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(dissected, no. 81), in AMNH.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33FD3C0D662DF0543C47706921F8774" pageId="28" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9A804BD662DF0543C47706921F8774" blockId="28.[107,638,225,1109]" pageId="28">
COMMENTS: Only
<specimenCount id="9D234BC2D662DF054212770691B0804F" box="[346,509,854,878]" pageId="28" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
are known to me, the
<typeStatus id="549E3EE9D662DF0543BF7727911480AE" box="[247,345,887,911]" pageId="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and the specimen cited above from
<collectingRegion id="49E14EA9D662DF0543BE77C891218091" box="[246,364,920,944]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="28">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
, both females that were examined for this study. The male remains unknown. In the absence of specimens I am unable to confirm the records of
<taxonomicName id="4C25FBC8D662DF05429077AC92338732" box="[472,638,1019,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Hirtodrosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chagrinensis">
<emphasis id="B9515C59D662DF05429077AC92338732" box="[472,638,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="28">H. chagrinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="49E14EA9D662DF0543E5704D91508715" box="[173,285,1052,1076]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="28">New York</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49E14EA9D662DF054214704C91888715" box="[348,453,1052,1076]" country="United States of America" name="Michigan" pageId="28">Michigan</collectingRegion>
cited in several papers (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4FDBAD662DF05438A706D91778774" author="Lacy, R. C." box="[194,314,1085,1109]" pageId="28" pagination="59 - 63" refId="ref29270" refString="Lacy, R. C. 1981. Taxonomic and distributional notes on some fungus-feeding North American Drosophila (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Entomological News 92 (2): 59 - 63." type="journal article" year="1981">Lacy, 1981</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB4FDBAD662DF05420D706D920B8774" author="Bachli, G. &amp; Vilela, A." box="[325,582,1085,1109]" pageId="28" pagination="1 - 362" refId="ref28797" refString="Bachli, G., C. R. Vilela, A. Escher, and A. Saura. 2004. The Drosophilidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 39: 1 - 362. Leiden: Brill." type="journal article" year="2004">Vilela and Bächli, 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>