507 lines
69 KiB
XML
507 lines
69 KiB
XML
<document id="0C443ADCE65BB08E5D0259E0A95E6594" ID-CLB-Dataset="93665" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5162.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="181ef665-12e5-46b9-83a4-28469993db53" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6816801" ID-ZooBank="CDDA7365-EC19-4586-85E7-D18C981B5627" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657521644865" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rengaiyan, Periasamy & Ingole, Baban" docDate="2022" docId="9A341B62062F7748FF5BFBCAFE6FFCA7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5162.5.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5162 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Chondrocladia sagari Rengaiyan & Ingole 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="467" masterDocId="660D631A06227758FFCCFFF4FFEAFF9E" masterDocTitle="Three New Carnivorous sponge species (Demospongiae: Cladorhizidae) from the Seamounts of the Central Indian Ridge" masterLastPageNumber="486" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="464" updateTime="1699357127422" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F083645CF003BD4FE7F2C048E673473B">
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<mods:title id="FC6224D390DE20DCED4B2D0E03F591E7">Three New Carnivorous sponge species (Demospongiae: Cladorhizidae) from the Seamounts of the Central Indian Ridge</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="32CC29C2A1CEFB44D32651BE7FAB9FB0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B4614412762C98DF88263BB442A94832">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D3C27F93BFBDE727CE4842347DE0099C">Rengaiyan, Periasamy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="779E17D024644E60029ABC92BAE03138">National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR), Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Headland Sada, Vasco-da-Gama, Goa, India- 403804</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="8926D5663F020D0A4362CE0605157C12">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="96F40ADC07BE1A933F7826F3E9652C9D">Ingole, Baban</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2DC1A01C284B5CD8C50D303F085998BC">National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR), Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Headland Sada, Vasco-da-Gama, Goa, India- 403804</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="EF9F5267DA3BBFC5353335C4CF94C5CE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9C1303ACEE0748A6DD601131FF357BB1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="16EC611EA6A83BFFB96005292C0AFF8A">
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<mods:date id="05918C5B15197844E4BAA123405F6194">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="878B4CB428BA55901C169E4FF01B0C8C">2022-07-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="740DFBD99EF48CEFA56AC43142BBD09C">5162</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="9734C34F06027C79C6CB8FED6C99C3A5" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="088F0171CFDC8B6F5D76E7DFA118B52A">5</mods:number>
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<treatment id="9A341B62062F7748FF5BFBCAFE6FFCA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816827" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197215436" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6816827" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A341B62062F7748FF5BFBCAFE6FFCA7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A341B62062F7748FF5BFBCAFE6FFCA7" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="467" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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<subSubSection id="5A87F9FF062F7755FF5BFBCAFDE9FBC7" box="[151,515,1086,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1222AA74062F7755FF5BFBCAFDE9FBC7" blockId="13.[151,515,1086,1149]" box="[151,515,1086,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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<heading id="496A1D18062F7755FF5BFBCAFDE9FBC7" bold="true" box="[151,515,1086,1113]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="20E97666062F7755FF5BFBCAFDE9FBC7" bold="true" box="[151,515,1086,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062F7755FF5BFBCAFE74FBC7" ID-CoL="9FXQD" authority="Rengaiyan & Ingole, 2022" authorityName="Rengaiyan & Ingole" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,414,1086,1113]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sagari" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="20E97666062F7755FF5BFBCAFE74FBC7" bold="true" box="[151,414,1086,1113]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Chondrocladia sagari</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BDACB1D062F7755FE6AFBCBFDE9FBC7" box="[422,515,1087,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A87F9FF062F7755FF5BFB97FE98FBE3" box="[151,370,1123,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1222AA74062F7755FF5BFB97FE98FBE3" blockId="13.[151,515,1086,1149]" box="[151,370,1123,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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<figureCitation id="8AA6B6F1062F7755FF5BFB97FEFEFBE3" box="[151,276,1123,1149]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="15.[151,250,904,928]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,250,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox-0="[160,1427,181,880]" captionTargetBox-1="[155,1432,1097,1956]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@15.[160,1427,181,880]" captionTargetId-1="figure-101@15.[155,1432,1097,1956]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 6. Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. A. View of the holotype NCPOR/HYD-CIR/0035. B. Filament showing the thick endosomal longitudinal bundle of styles. C. Cross-section of tissue region showing a hispid surface of the sponge body. D. SEM image showing tightly packed by styles 1 of main stems longitudinal bundles, as well as small tissue styles 2. E-F. Section through the body of the sponge shows the radial pattern of mycalostyle and small mycalostyles penetrating the ectosomal layer of isochelae and sigmas." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. A. Large stem styles. B. Small tissue styles C. Anchorate isochelae. D. Sigmas of “C” and “S” shapes." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816817" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816819" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6816817/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6816819/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Figure 6–7</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="5F1F9FCF062F7755FED3FB97FE98FBE3" box="[287,370,1123,1149]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="14.[151,244,697,724]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="TABLE 3. Spicule sizes of Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. compared with closely related species. Measurements (µm) are represented as minimum–mean–maximum for lengths and widths." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/46E2FAFC062C7756FF5BFD4DFE9BFD66" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" tableUuid="46E2FAFC062C7756FF5BFD4DFE9BFD66">Table 3</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A87F9FF062F7755FF5BFB5EFCF5FA93" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="1222AA74062F7755FF5BFB5EFCF5FA93" blockId="13.[151,1437,1194,1977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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||
<emphasis id="20E97666062F7755FF5BFB5EFE6AFB5A" bold="true" box="[151,384,1194,1220]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Material examined.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="A2F5A029062F7755FE4AFB5FFCF5FA93" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861474303" collectingDate="2020-04-20" collectionCode="NCPOR, R" collectorName="Periasamy R." elevation="2103" latitude="-23.153599" location="Central Indian Ridge" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="69.5205" municipality="Indian Ocean" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="20E97666062F7755FE4AFB5FFE10FB5B" bold="true" box="[390,506,1195,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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<typeStatus id="CD2614D6062F7755FE4AFB5FFE1FFB5B" box="[390,501,1195,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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||
</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="748C32B1062F7755FE33FB5EFDB4FB5B" box="[511,606,1194,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">NCPOR</collectionCode>
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/HYD-CIR/0035, seamount of the
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<location id="1742FCAF062F7755FC11FB5FFB23FB5B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A341B62062F7748FF5BFBCAFE6FFCA7:1742FCAF062F7755FC11FB5FFB23FB5B" box="[989,1225,1195,1221]" latitude="-23.153599" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="69.5205" municipality="Indian Ocean" name="Central Indian Ridge" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Central Indian Ridge</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="F246300E062F7755FB1FFB5FFA80FB5B" box="[1235,1386,1195,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Indian Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="77A9CCB3062F7755FAB9FB5FFEF0FB77" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="9" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" precision="1" seconds="12.96" value="-23.153599">23° 9’ 12.96’’ S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="77A9CCB3062F7755FEEBFB3BFE30FB77" box="[295,474,1231,1257]" degrees="69" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" precision="1" seconds="13.8" value="69.5205">69° 31’ 13.8’’ E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="D5650791062F7755FE2AFB3BFDD4FB77" box="[486,574,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.103" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="m" value="2103.0">
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<elevation id="99B04D47062F7755FE2AFB3BFDD4FB77" box="[486,574,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.103" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="m" value="2103.0">2103 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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||
<date id="66238CB4062F7755FD86FB3BFD03FB77" box="[586,745,1231,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" value="2020-04-20">
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||
<collectingDate id="7667755C062F7755FD86FB3BFD03FB77" box="[586,745,1231,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" value="2020-04-20">20 April 2020</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName id="BF68CFA2062F7755FD39FB3BFC48FB77" box="[757,930,1231,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Benthic Sledge</collectorName>
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||
,
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<collectorName id="BF68CFA2062F7755FC62FB3BFB8BFB77" box="[942,1121,1231,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Coll. Periasamy</collectorName>
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<collectionCode id="748C32B1062F7755FBA4FB3BFB97FB77" box="[1128,1149,1231,1257]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">R</collectionCode>
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, samples in 70% ethanol, MGS
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<emphasis id="20E97666062F7755FF17FB07FEF4FA93" box="[219,286,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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||
<collectorName id="BF68CFA2062F7755FF17FB07FEF4FA93" box="[219,286,1267,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Sagar</collectorName>
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</emphasis>
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||
, cruise no: MGS-35,
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<collectorName id="BF68CFA2062F7755FDDCFB07FD8EFA93" box="[528,612,1267,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Sample</collectorName>
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MGS 35A-D11.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A87F9FF062F7755FF0BFAE3FA9DFAAF" box="[199,1399,1303,1329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="1222AA74062F7755FF0BFAE3FA9DFAAF" blockId="13.[151,1437,1194,1977]" box="[199,1399,1303,1329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis id="20E97666062F7755FF0BFAE3FEA4FAAF" bold="true" box="[199,334,1303,1329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Species name “sagari” refers to the Ocean. Sagar means ‘Ocean’ in Hindi. Gender is feminine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A87F9FF062F7755FF0BFACEFDFFF827" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="1222AA74062F7755FF0BFACEFBFFFA03" blockId="13.[151,1437,1194,1977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis id="20E97666062F7755FF0BFACEFEAEFACA" bold="true" box="[199,324,1338,1364]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="CD2614D6062F7755FE86FACFFE58FACB" box="[330,434,1339,1365]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<figureCitation id="8AA6B6F1062F7755FE73FACFFDDEFACB" box="[447,564,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,904,928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,181,880]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[160,1427,181,880]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. A. View of the holotype NCPOR/HYD-CIR/0035. B. Filament showing the thick endosomal longitudinal bundle of styles. C. Cross-section of tissue region showing a hispid surface of the sponge body. D. SEM image showing tightly packed by styles 1 of main stems longitudinal bundles, as well as small tissue styles 2. E-F. Section through the body of the sponge shows the radial pattern of mycalostyle and small mycalostyles penetrating the ectosomal layer of isochelae and sigmas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6816817/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Figure 6A</figureCitation>
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) an erect columnar pedunculate sponge with a slender body bearing small filaments processes. The specimen is
|
||
<quantity id="D5650791062F7755FDDBFAABFD89FAE7" box="[535,611,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="cm" value="3.1">3.1 cm</quantity>
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in length a
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||
<quantity id="D5650791062F7755FD24FAAAFCDEFAE7" box="[744,820,1374,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="cm" value="0.5">0.5 cm</quantity>
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||
wide. The sponge surface is rough and rigid, and roots are missing. The colour of the sponge is white, cream to clear brown in alcohol.
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||
</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="1222AA74062F7755FF0BFA52FD6FF9B3" blockId="13.[151,1437,1194,1977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062F7755FF0BFA52FEDDFA5E" bold="true" box="[199,311,1446,1472]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Skeleton:</emphasis>
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The Axis of peduncle consisting of tightly packed longitudinally large mycalostyles, and elongating to the center of the body (
|
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<figureCitation id="8AA6B6F1062F7755FE75FA3FFDC5FA7B" box="[441,559,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,904,928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,181,880]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[160,1427,181,880]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. A. View of the holotype NCPOR/HYD-CIR/0035. B. Filament showing the thick endosomal longitudinal bundle of styles. C. Cross-section of tissue region showing a hispid surface of the sponge body. D. SEM image showing tightly packed by styles 1 of main stems longitudinal bundles, as well as small tissue styles 2. E-F. Section through the body of the sponge shows the radial pattern of mycalostyle and small mycalostyles penetrating the ectosomal layer of isochelae and sigmas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6816817/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Figure 6C</figureCitation>
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). The enlarged part of the peduncle is composed of mycalostyles and subtylostyles. The body filaments consist of bundles of subtylostyles, covered by soft tissue tightly packed with unguiferate isochelae, and sigmancistras (
|
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<figureCitation id="8AA6B6F1062F7755FE28F9E7FD92F9B3" box="[484,632,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,904,928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,181,880]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[160,1427,181,880]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. A. View of the holotype NCPOR/HYD-CIR/0035. B. Filament showing the thick endosomal longitudinal bundle of styles. C. Cross-section of tissue region showing a hispid surface of the sponge body. D. SEM image showing tightly packed by styles 1 of main stems longitudinal bundles, as well as small tissue styles 2. E-F. Section through the body of the sponge shows the radial pattern of mycalostyle and small mycalostyles penetrating the ectosomal layer of isochelae and sigmas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6816817/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Figure 6B–F</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA74062F7755FF0BF9C3FBDDF907" blockId="13.[151,1437,1194,1977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
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<emphasis id="20E97666062F7755FF0BF9C3FE88F9CF" bold="true" box="[199,354,1591,1617]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Megascleres:</emphasis>
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Styles in two categories (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8AA6B6F1062F7755FD4FF9C3FCF6F9CF" box="[643,796,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,904,928]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,181,880]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[160,1427,181,880]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. A. View of the holotype NCPOR/HYD-CIR/0035. B. Filament showing the thick endosomal longitudinal bundle of styles. C. Cross-section of tissue region showing a hispid surface of the sponge body. D. SEM image showing tightly packed by styles 1 of main stems longitudinal bundles, as well as small tissue styles 2. E-F. Section through the body of the sponge shows the radial pattern of mycalostyle and small mycalostyles penetrating the ectosomal layer of isochelae and sigmas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6816817/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Figure 6A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
), the mycalostyles occur in the main stem with an abrupt shrinking near the head and a short acerate tip. The diameter was maximum in the middle of the shaft, slightly reducing towards both the ends. Size is 1975–(2440)–2659/15–(21)–36 µm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8AA6B6F1062F7755FC7EF98BFBC0F907" box="[946,1066,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,1097,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-101@15.[155,1432,1097,1956]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. A. Large stem styles. B. Small tissue styles C. Anchorate isochelae. D. Sigmas of “C” and “S” shapes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6816819/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Figure 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA74062F7755FF0BF957FC30F89B" blockId="13.[151,1437,1194,1977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
Subtylostyles of lateral filaments or body consists of a marked oval head. The subtylostyles occur mainly in the body radially orientated and penetrating the ectosome producing make the hispid surface, but also occur in the small tentacular processes. Size is 438–(974)–1988/16–(23)–28 µm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8AA6B6F1062F7755FC9BF91FFC24F89B" box="[855,974,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,1097,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-101@15.[155,1432,1097,1956]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. A. Large stem styles. B. Small tissue styles C. Anchorate isochelae. D. Sigmas of “C” and “S” shapes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6816819/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Figure 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA74062F7755FF0BF8FAFB37F8EF" blockId="13.[151,1437,1194,1977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062F7755FF0BF8FAFE82F8B6" bold="true" box="[199,360,1806,1832]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Microscleres:</emphasis>
|
||
Multidentate unguiferate isochelae is common in the body and very abundant in the swellings, with four alae at each end. Alae are relatively short, sharp, with a well-marked hull on the underside. Shaft curved, with narrow fimbriae. Size: 37–(44)–53 µm in length with a diameter of 3–(4)–5 µm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8AA6B6F1062F7755FB96F8A3FB3AF8EF" box="[1114,1232,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,1097,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-101@15.[155,1432,1097,1956]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. A. Large stem styles. B. Small tissue styles C. Anchorate isochelae. D. Sigmas of “C” and “S” shapes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6816819/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Figure 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA74062F7755FF0BF88FFDFFF827" blockId="13.[151,1437,1194,1977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
Sigmas (“C”&“S” shapes) are slim and curved differently (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8AA6B6F1062F7755FCB1F88FFC13F80B" box="[893,1017,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,1097,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-101@15.[155,1432,1097,1956]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. A. Large stem styles. B. Small tissue styles C. Anchorate isochelae. D. Sigmas of “C” and “S” shapes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6816819/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Figure 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Size: 97–(120)–132 µm in length, 3–(4)–4 µm in diameter (
|
||
<tableCitation id="5F1F9FCF062F7755FE7DF86BFDE2F827" box="[433,520,1951,1977]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="14.[151,244,697,724]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="TABLE 3. Spicule sizes of Chondrocladia sagari sp. nov. compared with closely related species. Measurements (µm) are represented as minimum–mean–maximum for lengths and widths." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/46E2FAFC062C7756FF5BFD4DFE9BFD66" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" tableUuid="46E2FAFC062C7756FF5BFD4DFE9BFD66">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="46E2FAFC062C7756FF5BFD4DFE9BFD66" ID-Table-UUID="46E2FAFC062C7756FF5BFD4DFE9BFD66" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/46E2FAFC062C7756FF5BFD4DFE9BFD66" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" startId="14.[151,244,697,724]" targetBox="[165,2020,775,1491]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA74062C7756FF5BFD4DFE9BFD66" blockId="14.[151,2039,697,760]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF5BFD4DFEFAFD4A" bold="true" box="[151,272,697,724]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Spicule sizes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062C7756FE00FD4DFD29FD4A" authority="Rengaiyan & Ingole, 2022" authorityName="Rengaiyan & Ingole" authorityYear="2022" box="[460,707,697,724]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sagari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FE00FD4DFD29FD4A" box="[460,707,697,724]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Chondrocladia sagari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FD06FD4DFCCEFD4A" bold="true" box="[714,804,697,724]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BDACB1D062C7756FD06FD4DFCCEFD4A" box="[714,804,697,724]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
compared with closely related species. Measurements (µm) are represented as minimum–mean–maximum for lengths and widths.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA74062C7756FF69FCF3F8C0FA4D" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<table id="609D58D4062C88A7FF69FCF3F80EFA4D" box="[165,2020,775,1491]" gridcols="7" gridrows="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<tr id="ACADA836062C88A7FF69FCF3F80EFCDA" box="[165,2020,775,836]" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FF69FCF3FE48FCDA" box="[165,418,775,836]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Species</th>
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FE0BFCF3FD0FFCDA" box="[455,741,775,836]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Styles I of the main axis (L/W)</th>
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FCCEFCF3FBEDFCDA" box="[770,1031,775,836]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Styles II of filaments or body (L/W)</th>
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FBE6FCF3FB03FCDA" box="[1066,1257,775,836]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Isochelae I (L/W)</th>
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FACAFCF3FA97FCDA" box="[1286,1405,775,836]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Isochelae II (L/W)</th>
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FA66FCF3F984FCDA" box="[1450,1646,775,836]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Sigmas (L/W)</th>
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7F943FCF3F80EFCDA" box="[1679,2020,775,836]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Locality (Depth m)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ACADA836062C88A7FF69FCA7F80EFC0E" box="[165,2020,851,912]" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FF69FCA7FE48FC0E" box="[165,418,851,912]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062C7756FF69FCA7FE6FFCF2" authority="Rengaiyan & Ingole, 2022" authorityName="Rengaiyan & Ingole" authorityYear="2022" box="[165,389,851,876]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sagari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF69FCA7FE6FFCF2" box="[165,389,851,876]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Chondrocladia sagari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF69FC83FF1DFC0E" bold="true" box="[165,247,887,912]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BDACB1D062C7756FF69FC83FF1DFC0E" box="[165,247,887,912]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FE0BFCA7FD0FFC0E" box="[455,741,851,912]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">1975–2440–2659/15–21–36</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FCCEFCA7FBEDFC0E" box="[770,1031,851,912]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">438–974–1988/16–23–28</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FBE6FCA7FB03FC0E" box="[1066,1257,851,912]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">37–44–53/3–4–5</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FA66FCA7F984FC0E" box="[1450,1646,851,912]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">97–120–132/3–4–4</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7F943FCA7F80EFC0E" box="[1679,2020,851,912]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Central Indian Ridge (2103)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ACADA836062C88A7FF69FC54F80EFC43" box="[165,2020,928,989]" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FF69FC54FE48FC43" box="[165,418,928,989]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062C7756FF69FC54FECDFC43" authority="Ridley & Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley & Dendy" authorityYear="1886" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clavata">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF69FC54FEE4FC27" box="[165,270,928,953]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C. clavata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD785062C7756FED8FC54FECDFC43" author="Ridley S. O. & Dendy, A." pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="325 - 351" refId="ref18469" refString="Ridley S. O. & Dendy, A. (1886) XXXIV. - Preliminary Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. Challenger. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 18, 325 - 351. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609459982" type="journal article" year="1886">Ridley & Dendy, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FE0BFC54FD0FFC43" box="[455,741,928,989]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">1800–2100/35</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FCCEFC54FBEDFC43" box="[770,1031,928,989]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">850-1100/15</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FBE6FC54FB03FC43" box="[1066,1257,928,989]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">30–55</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FA66FC54F984FC43" box="[1450,1646,928,989]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">40-50</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7F943FC54F80EFC43" box="[1679,2020,928,989]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Madagascar–Mombasa, (4820)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ACADA836062C88A7FF69FC18F80EFB9B" box="[165,2020,1004,1029]" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FF69FC18FE48FB9B" box="[165,418,1004,1029]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062C7756FF69FC18FE6FFB9B" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[165,389,1004,1029]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF69FC18FEFAFB9B" box="[165,272,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD785062C7756FEDBFC18FE6FFB9B" author="Levi, C." box="[279,389,1004,1029]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref17968" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale, Galathea Report. Scientific Results of the Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950 - 1952, 7, 63 - 112, pls. II - XI" type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FE0BFC18FD0FFB9B" box="[455,741,1004,1029]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">650–850/15–20</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FCCEFC18FBEDFB9B" box="[770,1031,1004,1029]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">550/13–14</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FBE6FC18FB03FB9B" box="[1066,1257,1004,1029]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">40/3</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7F943FC18F80EFB9B" box="[1679,2020,1004,1029]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Seychelles-Ceylan (4350)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ACADA836062C88A7FF69FBE0F80EFBB3" box="[165,2020,1044,1069]" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FF69FBE0FE48FBB3" box="[165,418,1044,1069]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062C7756FF69FBE0FE48FBB3" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[165,418,1044,1069]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="multichela">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF69FBE0FEC4FBB3" box="[165,302,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C. multichela</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD785062C7756FEF8FBE0FE48FBB3" author="Levi, C." box="[308,418,1044,1069]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref17968" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale, Galathea Report. Scientific Results of the Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950 - 1952, 7, 63 - 112, pls. II - XI" type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FE0BFBE0FD0FFBB3" box="[455,741,1044,1069]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">2200-3100/45–55</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FBE6FBE0FB03FBB3" box="[1066,1257,1044,1069]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">85–95/6</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FACAFBE0FA97FBB3" box="[1286,1405,1044,1069]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">25–33</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FA66FBE0F984FBB3" box="[1450,1646,1044,1069]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">70-90/1–2</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7F943FBE0F80EFBB3" box="[1679,2020,1044,1069]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">large du Kenya (3980)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ACADA836062C88A7FF69FBC8F80EFBCB" box="[165,2020,1084,1109]" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FF69FBC8FE48FBCB" box="[165,418,1084,1109]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062C7756FF69FBC8FE48FBCB" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[165,418,1084,1109]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dichotoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF69FBC8FEC4FBCB" box="[165,302,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C. dichotoma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD785062C7756FEF8FBC8FE48FBCB" author="Levi, C." box="[308,418,1084,1109]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref17968" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale, Galathea Report. Scientific Results of the Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950 - 1952, 7, 63 - 112, pls. II - XI" type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FE0BFBC8FD0FFBCB" box="[455,741,1084,1109]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">1700/32</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FCCEFBC8FBEDFBCB" box="[770,1031,1084,1109]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">800-850/25–29</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FBE6FBC8FB03FBCB" box="[1066,1257,1084,1109]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">45–50/3</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7F943FBC8F80EFBCB" box="[1679,2020,1084,1109]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Seychelles–Ceylan (4350)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ACADA836062C88A7FF69FB91F80EFB3C" box="[165,2020,1125,1186]" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FF69FB91FE48FB3C" box="[165,418,1125,1186]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062C7756FF69FB91FE95FB3C" authority="Cristobo, Urgorri & Rios, 2005" authorityName="Cristobo, Urgorri & Rios" authorityYear="2005" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vaceleti">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF69FB91FEF8FBE0" box="[165,274,1125,1150]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C. vaceleti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD785062C7756FED4FB91FE95FB3C" author="Cristobo, F. J. & Urgorri, V. & Rios, P." pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="203 - 213" refId="ref16327" refString="Cristobo, F. J., Urgorri, V. & Rios, P. (2005) Three new species of carnivorous deep-sea sponges from the DIVA- 1 expedition in the Angola Basin (South Atlantic). Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 5, 203 - 213. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ode. 2004.11.004" type="journal article" year="2005">Cristobo, Urgorri & Rios, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FE0BFB91FD0FFB3C" box="[455,741,1125,1186]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">950–2250/10–35</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FBE6FB91FB03FB3C" box="[1066,1257,1125,1186]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">60–100/6.0–8.5</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FA66FB91F984FB3C" box="[1450,1646,1125,1186]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">65–86/2–3</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7F943FB91F80EFB3C" box="[1679,2020,1125,1186]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Angola Basin (5460), North–East Atlantic Ocean (4330)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ACADA836062C88A7FF69FB45F80EFB70" box="[165,2020,1201,1262]" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FF69FB45FE48FB70" box="[165,418,1201,1262]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062C7756FF69FB45FF03FB70" authority="Tendal (1973)" authorityName="Tendal" authorityYear="1973" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="burtoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF69FB45FF57FB54" box="[165,189,1201,1226]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF2FFB45FEC4FB54" box="[227,302,1201,1226]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">burtoni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD785062C7756FEF8FB45FF03FB70" author="Tendal, O. S." pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref18999" refString="Tendal, O. S. (1973) Sponges collected by the Swedish Deep Sea Expedition. Zoologica Scripta, 2, 33 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1973. tb 00795. x" type="journal article" year="1973">Tendal (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FE0BFB45FD0FFB70" box="[455,741,1201,1262]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">810–1487–2242/10–28–38</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FBE6FB45FB03FB70" box="[1066,1257,1201,1262]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">38–53–80/3–4.7–6</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FA66FB45F984FB70" box="[1450,1646,1201,1262]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">46–66–90/2–5–6.4</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7F943FB45F80EFB70" box="[1679,2020,1201,1262]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Mid-Atlantic (4870)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ACADA836062C88A7FF69FB09F80EFAA4" box="[165,2020,1277,1338]" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FF69FB09FE48FAA4" box="[165,418,1277,1338]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062C7756FF69FB09FF03FAA4" authority="Tendal (1973)" authorityName="Tendal" authorityYear="1973" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="burtoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF69FB09FF57FA88" box="[165,189,1277,1302]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF2FFB09FEC4FA88" box="[227,302,1277,1302]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">burtoni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD785062C7756FEF8FB09FF03FAA4" author="Tendal, O. S." pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref18999" refString="Tendal, O. S. (1973) Sponges collected by the Swedish Deep Sea Expedition. Zoologica Scripta, 2, 33 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1973. tb 00795. x" type="journal article" year="1973">Tendal (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FE0BFB09FD0FFAA4" box="[455,741,1277,1338]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">1920–2460–2880/25–38</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FCCEFB09FBEDFAA4" box="[770,1031,1277,1338]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">480–1069–1600/13–25</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FBE6FB09FB03FAA4" box="[1066,1257,1277,1338]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">40–44–48</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FA66FB09F984FAA4" box="[1450,1646,1277,1338]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">44–85–113</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7F943FB09F80EFAA4" box="[1679,2020,1277,1338]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Southern Ocean (4075, 4995)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ACADA836062C88A7FF69FABDF80EFA18" box="[165,2020,1353,1414]" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FF69FABDFE48FA18" box="[165,418,1353,1414]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062C7756FF69FABDFF32FA18" authority="Thomson, 1873" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1873" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="virgata">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF69FABDFEE1FAFC" box="[165,267,1353,1378]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C. virgata</emphasis>
|
||
Thomson, 1873
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FE0BFABDFD0FFA18" box="[455,741,1353,1414]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">1552/28.2</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FBE6FABDFB03FA18" box="[1066,1257,1353,1414]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">67.7</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FA66FABDF984FA18" box="[1450,1646,1353,1414]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">25.4/2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7F943FABDF80EFA18" box="[1679,2020,1353,1414]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Strait of Gibraltar (870)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ACADA836062C88A7FF69FA62F80EFA4D" box="[165,2020,1430,1491]" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FF69FA62FE48FA4D" box="[165,418,1430,1491]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062C7756FF69FA62FE7EFA31" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[165,404,1430,1455]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asigmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062C7756FF69FA62FECAFA31" box="[165,288,1430,1455]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C. asigmata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD785062C7756FEEAFA62FE7EFA31" author="Levi, C." box="[294,404,1430,1455]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref17968" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale, Galathea Report. Scientific Results of the Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950 - 1952, 7, 63 - 112, pls. II - XI" type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FE0BFA62FD0FFA4D" box="[455,741,1430,1491]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">2000–2100/40–45</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FCCEFA62FBEDFA4D" box="[770,1031,1430,1491]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">600–750/15–18</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FBE6FA62FB03FA4D" box="[1066,1257,1430,1491]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">65–70/6–9</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7FACAFA62FA97FA4D" box="[1286,1405,1430,1491]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">28-32/3–4</td>
|
||
<td id="EF7CC14A062C88A7F943FA62F80EFA4D" box="[1679,2020,1430,1491]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Kermadec Trench (Pacific Ocean) bathyal</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="46E2FAFC062D7757FF5BFC7CFE7AFBAE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816817" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6816817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6816817/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" startId="15.[151,250,904,928]" targetBox="[160,1427,181,880]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA74062D7757FF5BFC7CFE7AFBAE" blockId="15.[151,1437,904,1072]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062D7757FF5BFC7CFEFEFC3E" bold="true" box="[151,276,904,928]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062D7757FED7FC7CFE16FC3E" authority="Rengaiyan & Ingole, 2022" authorityName="Rengaiyan & Ingole" authorityYear="2022" box="[283,508,904,928]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sagari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062D7757FED7FC7CFE16FC3E" box="[283,508,904,928]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Chondrocladia sagari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062D7757FDCFFC7DFDBFFC3F" bold="true" box="[515,597,905,929]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BDACB1D062D7757FDCFFC7DFDBFFC3F" box="[515,597,905,929]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A. View of the holotype NCPOR/HYD-CIR/0035. B. Filament showing the thick endosomal longitudinal bundle of styles. C. Cross-section of tissue region showing a hispid surface of the sponge body. D. SEM image showing tightly packed by styles 1 of main stems longitudinal bundles, as well as small tissue styles 2. E-F. Section through the body of the sponge shows the radial pattern of mycalostyle and small mycalostyles penetrating the ectosomal layer of isochelae and sigmas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="46E2FAFC062D7757FF5BF84FFE8CF866" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816819" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6816819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6816819/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" startId="15.[151,250,1979,2003]" targetBox="[155,1432,1097,1956]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA74062D7757FF5BF84FFE8CF866" blockId="15.[151,1436,1979,2040]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062D7757FF5BF84FFEFEF84A" bold="true" box="[151,276,1979,2004]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F7062D7757FED7F848FE16F84D" authority="Rengaiyan & Ingole, 2022" authorityName="Rengaiyan & Ingole" authorityYear="2022" box="[283,508,1980,2004]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sagari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062D7757FED7F848FE16F84D" box="[283,508,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Chondrocladia sagari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="20E97666062D7757FDCFF848FDBEF84A" bold="true" box="[515,596,1980,2004]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BDACB1D062D7757FDCFF848FDBEF84A" box="[515,596,1980,2004]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A. Large stem styles. B. Small tissue styles C. Anchorate isochelae. D. Sigmas of “C” and “S” shapes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5A87F9FF06327748FF0BFF62FC5DFD6E" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA7406327748FF0BFF62FB99FD1A" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FF0BFF62FED1FF2E" bold="true" box="[199,315,150,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Our specimen sampled from the Central Indian Ocean, from the lower bathyal at
|
||
<quantity id="D565079106327748FB12FF62FADEFF2F" box="[1246,1332,150,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.103" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" unit="m" value="2103.0">2103 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, is more similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FE88FF4EFCA4FF4A" authority="Ridley & Dendy (1887)" authorityName="Ridley & Dendy" authorityYear="1887" box="[324,846,186,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clavata">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FE88FF4EFDA9FF4A" box="[324,579,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Chondrocladia clavata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FD85FF4EFCA4FF4A" author="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A." box="[585,846,186,212]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="1 - 275" refId="ref18523" refString="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A. (1887) Report on the Monaxonida collected by HMS. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of HMS Challenger during the Years 1873 - 1876. Zoology. W. C. Thomson, Neill and Company, Edinburgh, pp. 1 - 275, pls. I - LI." type="book chapter" year="1887">Ridley & Dendy (1887)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species which is commonly recorded from the Southern Hemisphere (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FE9BFF2AFD7BFF66" author="Dressler-Allame, M. & Gocke, C. & Kersken, D. & Plotkin, A. & Janussen, D." box="[343,657,222,249]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="190 - 206" refId="ref16645" refString="Dressler-Allame, M., Gocke, C., Kersken, D., Plotkin, A. & Janussen, D. (2017) Carnivorous sponges (Cladorhizidae) of the deep Weddell Sea, with descriptions of two new species. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 137, 190 - 206. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2016.08.006" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Dressler-Allame
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FDD4FF2BFDA3FF66" box="[536,585,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FD57FF2AFCB7FF66" author="Ekins, M. & Erpenbeck, D. & Hooper, J. N. A." box="[667,861,222,249]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="1 - 159" refId="ref16783" refString="Ekins, M., Erpenbeck, D. & Hooper, J. N. A. (2020) Carnivorous sponges from the Australian Bathyal and Abyssal zones collected during the RV Investigator 2017 Expedition. Zootaxa, 4774 (1), 1 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4774.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Ekins
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FD2EFF2BFCF9FF66" box="[738,787,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FCA3FF2BFC0BFF66" authorityName="Ridley & Dendy" authorityYear="1887" box="[879,993,222,249]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clavata">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FCA3FF2BFC0BFF66" box="[879,993,222,249]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. clavata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FBDBFF2BFAE6FF66" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[1047,1292,222,249]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FBDBFF2BFB67FF66" box="[1047,1165,222,249]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FB58FF2AFAE6FF66" author="Levi, C." box="[1172,1292,222,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref17968" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale, Galathea Report. Scientific Results of the Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950 - 1952, 7, 63 - 112, pls. II - XI" type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have similar mycalostyles in the stem as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FE1DFEF7FDD0FE82" authority="Rengaiyan & Ingole, 2022" authorityName="Rengaiyan & Ingole" authorityYear="2022" box="[465,570,259,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sagari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FE1DFEF7FDD0FE82" box="[465,570,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. sagari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BDACB1D06327748FD8CFEF6FD70FE83" box="[576,666,258,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FD8CFEF6FD7FFE82" bold="true" box="[576,661,258,284]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, but also have a tridentate unguiferate isochelae in the filaments and body, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FEF2FED3FE4CFEDE" authority="Rengaiyan & Ingole, 2022" authorityName="Rengaiyan & Ingole" authorityYear="2022" box="[318,422,295,321]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sagari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FEF2FED3FE4CFEDE" box="[318,422,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. sagari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BDACB1D06327748FE61FED2FDEBFEDF" box="[429,513,294,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FE61FED2FE13FEDE" bold="true" box="[429,505,294,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">sp.nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has two categories of styles and a unique multidentate (4 alae) unguiferate isochelae and “C”&“S” shapes sigmas.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FDC1FEBFFCEEFEFA" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[525,772,330,357]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FDC1FEBFFD6EFEFA" box="[525,644,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FD47FEBEFCEEFEFA" author="Levi, C." box="[651,772,330,356]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref17968" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale, Galathea Report. Scientific Results of the Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950 - 1952, 7, 63 - 112, pls. II - XI" type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a similar spicule
|
||
<typeStatus id="CD2614D606327748FC3BFEBFFBCDFEFB" box="[1015,1063,331,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(mycalostyles and subtylostyles) in the stem, body, and filaments, but these are generally smaller than those of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FBD5FE9BFB6AFE16" authority="Rengaiyan & Ingole, 2022" authorityName="Rengaiyan & Ingole" authorityYear="2022" box="[1049,1152,367,393]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sagari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FBD5FE9BFB6AFE16" box="[1049,1152,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. sagari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BDACB1D06327748FB4AFE9AFB0AFE17" box="[1158,1248,366,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FB4AFE9AFB33FE16" bold="true" box="[1158,1241,366,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
The new species is similar to previous descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FDF6FE67FC2EFE32" authority="Ridley & Dendy (1887)" authorityName="Ridley & Dendy" authorityYear="1887" box="[570,964,402,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clavata">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FDF6FE67FD47FE32" box="[570,685,402,429]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. clavata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FD79FE66FC2EFE32" author="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A." box="[693,964,402,428]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="1 - 275" refId="ref18523" refString="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A. (1887) Report on the Monaxonida collected by HMS. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of HMS Challenger during the Years 1873 - 1876. Zoology. W. C. Thomson, Neill and Company, Edinburgh, pp. 1 - 275, pls. I - LI." type="book chapter" year="1887">Ridley & Dendy (1887)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and more recently
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FB68FE66FF08FE4E" author="Dressler-Allame, M. & Gocke, C. & Kersken, D. & Plotkin, A. & Janussen, D." pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="190 - 206" refId="ref16645" refString="Dressler-Allame, M., Gocke, C., Kersken, D., Plotkin, A. & Janussen, D. (2017) Carnivorous sponges (Cladorhizidae) of the deep Weddell Sea, with descriptions of two new species. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 137, 190 - 206. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2016.08.006" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Dressler-Allame
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FAA8FE67FA7FFE32" box="[1380,1429,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who described from the Southern Ocean, and also described at bathyal and abyssal depths off the east coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6A8AEAE406327748FF79FE2EFEF6FE6A" box="[181,284,474,500]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
during the RV
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FE06FE2FFD7BFE6A" box="[458,657,474,500]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemichthyidae" genus="Investigator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FE06FE2FFDBBFE6A" box="[458,593,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Investigator</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Abyss Expedition (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FCBCFE2EFBDDFE6A" author="Ekins, M. & Erpenbeck, D. & Hooper, J. N. A." box="[880,1079,474,501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="1 - 159" refId="ref16783" refString="Ekins, M., Erpenbeck, D. & Hooper, J. N. A. (2020) Carnivorous sponges from the Australian Bathyal and Abyssal zones collected during the RV Investigator 2017 Expedition. Zootaxa, 4774 (1), 1 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4774.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Ekins
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FC75FE2FFC01FE6A" box="[953,1003,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Both species also resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FA4FFE2FFF08FD86" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crinita">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FA4FFE2FFF08FD86" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. crinita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in external morphology but have much smaller isochelae. The other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FBB1FE0AFACCFD86" box="[1149,1318,510,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FBB1FE0AFACCFD86" box="[1149,1318,510,536]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Chondrocladia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
originally described from the Indian Ocean, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FDBEFDD7FC1BFDA2" authority="Ridley & Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley & Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[626,1009,546,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clavata">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FDBEFDD7FD0CFDA2" box="[626,742,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. clavata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FD22FDD6FC1BFDA2" author="Ridley S. O. & Dendy, A." box="[750,1009,546,572]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="325 - 351" refId="ref18469" refString="Ridley S. O. & Dendy, A. (1886) XXXIV. - Preliminary Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. Challenger. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 18, 325 - 351. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609459982" type="journal article" year="1886">Ridley & Dendy, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FC31FDD7FB13FDA2" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[1021,1273,546,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FC31FDD7FB9EFDA2" box="[1021,1140,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FBB0FDD6FB13FDA2" author="Levi, C." box="[1148,1273,546,572]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref17968" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale, Galathea Report. Scientific Results of the Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950 - 1952, 7, 63 - 112, pls. II - XI" type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FAC9FDD7FEFEFDFE" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="multichela">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FAC9FDD7FA76FDA2" box="[1285,1436,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. multichela</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FF5BFDB2FEFEFDFE" author="Levi, C." box="[151,276,582,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref17968" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale, Galathea Report. Scientific Results of the Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950 - 1952, 7, 63 - 112, pls. II - XI" type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FE82FDB3FD83FDFE" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[334,617,582,609]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dichotoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FE82FDB3FE0FFDFE" box="[334,485,582,609]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. dichotoma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FE21FDB2FD83FDFE" author="Levi, C." box="[493,617,582,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref17968" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale, Galathea Report. Scientific Results of the Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950 - 1952, 7, 63 - 112, pls. II - XI" type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, having differed in spicule characters. The morphological descriptions of the new species have been compared with all other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FC81FD9EFC1CFD1A" box="[845,1014,618,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FC81FD9EFC1CFD1A" box="[845,1014,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Chondrocladia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<tableCitation id="5F1F9FCF06327748FBD5FD9EFB85FD1A" box="[1049,1135,618,644]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[151,239,531,557]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparative morphological and distributional data for all known species of Chondrocladia" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/46E2FAFC0630774AFF5BFDE7FB0AFDB3" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" tableUuid="46E2FAFC0630774AFF5BFDE7FB0AFDB3">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA7406327748FF0BFD7AFA6FFD52" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FF3BFD7AFE0BFD36" authority="Rengaiyan & Ingole, 2022" authorityName="Rengaiyan & Ingole" authorityYear="2022" box="[247,481,654,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sagari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FF3BFD7AFE0BFD36" box="[247,481,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Chondrocladia sagari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BDACB1D06327748FE2BFD7AFDD7FD37" box="[487,573,654,681]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FE2BFD7AFDDCFD36" bold="true" box="[487,566,654,680]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is recovered as a sister species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FC68FD7BFA8CFD37" authority="Cristobo, Urgorri & Rios, 2005" authorityName="Cristobo, Urgorri & Rios" authorityYear="2005" box="[932,1382,654,681]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vaceleti">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FC68FD7BFBFFFD36" box="[932,1045,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C. vaceleti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="760CD78506327748FBD7FD7AFA8CFD37" author="Cristobo, F. J. & Urgorri, V. & Rios, P." box="[1051,1382,654,681]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" pagination="203 - 213" refId="ref16327" refString="Cristobo, F. J., Urgorri, V. & Rios, P. (2005) Three new species of carnivorous deep-sea sponges from the DIVA- 1 expedition in the Angola Basin (South Atlantic). Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 5, 203 - 213. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ode. 2004.11.004" type="journal article" year="2005">Cristobo, Urgorri & Rios, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with high bootstrap support (48%) and shows a separate branch in the phylogenetic tree based on the mtCOI gene (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8AA6B6F106327748FAD0FD46FA92FD52" box="[1308,1400,690,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[160,1432,315,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-82@17.[154,1433,309,1919]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. The maximum-likelihood phylogram based on mtCOI region shows all three new sponge species. The numbers at the branches below are showing RAxML rapid bootstrap values. The scale bar depicts substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6816821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6816821/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Figure 8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA7406327748FF0BFD22FC5DFD6E" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,825]" box="[199,951,726,752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FF0BFD22FE6EFD6E" bold="true" box="[199,388,726,752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Molecular data.</emphasis>
|
||
GenBank accession number mtCOI:
|
||
<accessionNumber id="0DCE379706327748FCE4FD22FC59FD6E" box="[808,947,726,752]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW868387" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">MW868387</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5A87F9FF06327748FF0BFD0EFE6FFCA7" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="1222AA7406327748FF0BFD0EFE6FFCA7" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FF0BFD0EFE8BFC8A" bold="true" box="[199,353,762,788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D59DD1F706327748FEA6FD0EFD8FFC8A" authority="Rengaiyan & Ingole, 2022" authorityName="Rengaiyan & Ingole" authorityYear="2022" box="[362,613,762,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Chondrocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sagari" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FEA6FD0EFD8FFC8A" box="[362,613,762,788]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Chondrocladia sagari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BDACB1D06327748FDA2FD0EFD26FC8B" box="[622,716,762,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="20E9766606327748FDA2FD0EFD2CFC8A" bold="true" box="[622,710,762,788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is known for its
|
||
<typeStatus id="CD2614D606327748FC54FD0FFC22FC8B" box="[920,968,763,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in the seamounts of the Central Indian Ridge system.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |