311 lines
35 KiB
XML
311 lines
35 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4B4840FDF3DF476783899E6989AED999">Sponges of the family Axinellidae (Porifera: Demospongiae) in Indonesia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F5A7664E7DC3200D5482BCB66A3930A">Alvarez, Belinda</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="67572D3350A665270C346B6E5F6E7E4E">De Voogd, Nicole J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C24A3ED0E18DD04A125FA75AF671D016">Soest, Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E605BD04C8F00DD96AECEAAEB5A55AE2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DE92C72A8707DA01D8AA47131F95666A">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BCA12AF65B493289BD2C97B4404BD05E">4137</mods:number>
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<treatment id="4B1187F3FFE0F72BFF70C0A8BB5CC11D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5621782" ID-GBIF-Taxon="123195242" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5621782" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B1187F3FFE0F72BFF70C0A8BB5CC11D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B1187F3FFE0F72BFF70C0A8BB5CC11D" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFE0F725FF70C0A8BF73C541" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE0F725FF70C0A8BCDDC6A3" blockId="6.[151,681,1486,1546]" box="[151,681,1486,1512]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<heading id="984F8189FFE0F725FF70C0A8BCDDC6A3" bold="true" box="[151,681,1486,1512]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFE0F725FF70C0A8BCDDC6A3" authority="Bergquist, 1970" authorityName="Bergquist" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,681,1486,1512]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Dragmacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australe">
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<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE0F725FF70C0A8BCDDC6A3" bold="true" box="[151,681,1486,1512]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE0F725FF70C0A8BFB8C6A3" bold="true" box="[151,460,1486,1512]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Dragmacidon cf. australe</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFE0F725FE3DC0A8BCD5C6A3" author="Bergquist" box="[474,673,1486,1512]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" refString="Bergquist, P. R. (1970) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Porifera, Demospongiae, Part 2. (Axinellida and Halichondrida). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute. Memoir, 51, 1 - 85, pls 81 - 20." type="journal article" year="1970">Bergquist, 1970</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE0F725FF70C097BF73C541" blockId="6.[151,681,1486,1546]" box="[151,263,1521,1546]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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(
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<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFE0F725FF78C097BE90C541" box="[159,228,1521,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,789,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,785,1714]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Map showing the geographical location of the described species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271939/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFE0F725FF08C097BE89C541" box="[239,253,1521,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[169,1415,931,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[166,1420,930,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dragmacidon cf. australe. A, RMNH Por. 3610, in situ at Pulau Serangan, Bali. B, RMNH POR. 3615, photographed in situ at Tulamben beach, Bali. RMNH Por. 3610: C light microphotograph of skeleton; D, drawing of spicules. Scale bars: C, 500 µm; D, 50 µm. Photos A – B: Nicole de Voogd." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271941/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">5</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFE0F725FF70C35FBCBEC5C7" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE0F725FF70C35FBF59C525" blockId="6.[151,1437,1593,1707]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E3A811CBFFE0F725FF70C35FBF59C525" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFE0F725FF70C35FBC14C504" ID-CoL="6WCCR" authority="Bergquist, 1970: 20" authorityName="Bergquist" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,608,1593,1615]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Pseudaxinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE0F725FF70C35FBFFCC504" box="[151,392,1593,1615]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Pseudaxinella australis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="421910F4FFE0F725FE76C35FBC14C504" author="Bergquist" box="[401,608,1593,1615]" page="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" year="1970">
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<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFE0F725FE76C35FBC4CC504" author="Bergquist" box="[401,568,1593,1615]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" refString="Bergquist, P. R. (1970) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Porifera, Demospongiae, Part 2. (Axinellida and Halichondrida). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute. Memoir, 51, 1 - 85, pls 81 - 20." type="journal article" year="1970">Bergquist, 1970</bibRefCitation>
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: 20
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="421910F4FFE0F725FD8AC35CBDFAC504" author="Hooper" box="[621,910,1593,1615]" page="1439" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" year="1993">
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<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFE0F725FD8AC35CBD38C504" author="Hooper" box="[621,844,1593,1615]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. & Levi, C. (1993) Axinellida from the New Caledonia Lagoon (Porifera: Demospongiae). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 7, 1395 - 1472. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9931395" type="journal article" year="1993">Hooper & Lévi 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 1439
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="421910F4FFE0F725FC7CC35CBB74C504" author="Hooper" box="[923,1280,1593,1615]" page="80" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFE0F725FC7CC35CBAADC504" author="Hooper" box="[923,1241,1593,1615]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. & Wiedenmayer, F. (1994) Porifera. In: Wells, A. (Ed), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 12. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp. 1 - 624." type="book" year="1994">Hooper & Wiedenmayer 1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 80
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="421910F4FFE0F725FAE9C35FBF59C525" author="Alvarez" page="196" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" year="2000">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFE0F725FAE9C35FBE8AC525" author="Alvarez" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" refString="Alvarez, B., Crisp, M. D., Driver, F., Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (2000) Phylogenetic relationships of the family Axinellidae (Porifera: Demospongiae) using morphological and molecular data. Zoologica Scripta, 29, 169 - 198. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1463 - 6409.2000.00029. x" type="journal article" year="2000">
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Alvarez
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<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE0F725FA80C35CBBE9C504" box="[1383,1437,1593,1615]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2000
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 196
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE0F725FF70C310BCBEC5C7" blockId="6.[151,1437,1593,1707]" box="[151,714,1654,1676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E3A811CBFFE0F725FF70C310BCBEC5C7" box="[151,714,1654,1676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFE0F725FF70C310BFF7C5C7" box="[151,387,1654,1676]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Dragmacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE0F725FF70C310BFF7C5C7" box="[151,387,1654,1676]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Dragmacidon australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="421910F4FFE0F725FE47C310BCBEC5C7" author="Alvarez" box="[416,714,1654,1676]" page="735" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFE0F725FE47C310BCE8C5C7" author="Alvarez" box="[416,668,1654,1676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" refString="Alvarez, B. & Hooper, J. N. A. (2002) Family Axinellidae. In: J. N. A. Hooper & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds), Systema Porifera. A Guide to the Supraspecific Classification of the Phylum Porifera. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 724 - 747." type="book chapter" year="2002">Alvarez & Hooper 2002</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 735
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFE0F725FF70C3F3BCCCC5E0" box="[151,696,1685,1707]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE0F725FF70C3F3BCCCC5E0" blockId="6.[151,1437,1593,1707]" box="[151,696,1685,1707]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E3A811CBFFE0F725FF70C3F3BCCCC5E0" box="[151,696,1685,1707]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
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<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFE0F725FF70C3F3BF09C5E0" box="[151,381,1685,1707]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Dragmacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australe">
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<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE0F725FF70C3F3BF09C5E0" box="[151,381,1685,1707]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Dragmacidon australe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="421910F4FFE0F725FE7DC3F3BCCCC5E0" author="Alvarez" box="[410,696,1685,1707]" page="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" year="2009">
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<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFE0F725FE7DC3F3BCE1C5E0" author="Alvarez" box="[410,661,1685,1707]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" refString="Alvarez, B. & Hooper, J. N. A. (2009) Taxonomic revision of the order Halichondrida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from northern Australia. Family Axinellidae. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 25, 17 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Alvarez & Hooper 2009</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 27
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFE0F725FF70C3B1BC09C4EE" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE0F725FF70C3B1BC09C4EE" blockId="6.[151,1437,1751,2029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE0F725FF70C3B1BFFCC5BB" bold="true" box="[151,392,1751,1776]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Material examined.</emphasis>
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||
<typeStatus id="1C038847FFE0F725FE71C3BEBC65C5A4" box="[406,529,1752,1775]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
.—
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||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFE0F725FDD6C3BEBCF2C5A4" box="[561,646,1752,1775]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg7h-t7tk" name="Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">NMNZ</collectionCode>
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||
Por. 26, Takatu Channel, Northland,
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||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFE0F725FBB1C3BEBA82C5BB" box="[1110,1270,1751,1776]" name="New Zealand" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFE0F725FAEEC3BEBB3CC5A4" box="[1289,1352,1752,1776]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" unit="m" value="11.0">11 m</quantity>
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depth. ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS.—
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||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFE0F725FE2EC39BBC54C45F" box="[457,544,1789,1812]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">RMNH</collectionCode>
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||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFE0F725FDC2C39ABC2BC45F" box="[549,607,1788,1812]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14383" name="Universit<69> degli Studi di Napoli Federico II" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">POR</collectionCode>
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||
. 3610,
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||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFE0F725FD48C39ABD6BC45E" box="[687,799,1788,1813]" name="Indonesia" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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||
, Bali, NE-side
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||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFE0F725FC2FC39ABA7CC45E" box="[968,1032,1788,1813]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Pulau</collectingCountry>
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||
Serangan, off lighthouse,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFE0F725FACAC39ABBE3C45F" box="[1325,1431,1788,1812]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="5" value="-8.7213">8.7213°S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFE0F725FF70C279BF6AC473" box="[151,286,1823,1848]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="5" value="115.2586">115.2586°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFE0F725FECFC246BF15C47C" box="[296,353,1824,1848]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" unit="m" value="17.0">17 m</quantity>
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||
depth,
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||
<date id="B7061025FFE0F725FE55C279BC37C473" box="[434,579,1823,1848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" value="2001-04-05">5 April 2001</date>
|
||
, #Bali14/NV/
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFE0F725FD38C279BD40C473" box="[735,820,1823,1848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" value="01-05-04">050401</date>
|
||
/75, coll. N.J. de Voogd.
|
||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFE0F725FBA2C246BAEDC47C" box="[1093,1177,1824,1847]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFE0F725FB78C246BAADC473" box="[1183,1241,1824,1848]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14383" name="Universit<69> degli Studi di Napoli Federico II" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
. 3615,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFE0F725FACFC279BBECC473" box="[1320,1432,1823,1848]" name="Indonesia" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Bali, SE-end Tulamben beach,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFE0F725FE16C222BC28C417" box="[497,604,1860,1884]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="5" value="-8.2777">8.2777°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFE0F725FD80C222BC9AC416" box="[615,750,1860,1885]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="5" value="115.5958">115.5958°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFE0F725FD1FC222BD45C417" box="[760,817,1860,1884]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFE0F725FC64C222BA56C417" box="[899,1058,1860,1885]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" value="2001-04-12">12 April 2001</date>
|
||
, #Bal22/
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFE0F725FB60C222BAAEC416" box="[1159,1242,1860,1885]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" value="01-11-04">110401</date>
|
||
/164, coll. N.J. de Voogd.
|
||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFE0F725FF0AC20EBF5FC4CB" box="[237,299,1896,1920]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
Por. 18711,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFE0F725FE51C201BC68C4CB" box="[438,540,1895,1920]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, West of Ko Kudi, Samet Islands, Rayong,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFE0F725FC19C201BAFDC4CB" box="[1022,1161,1895,1920]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="1" value="12.57672">12.57672°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFE0F725FB73C201BB68C4CB" box="[1172,1308,1895,1920]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="5" value="101.5094">101.5094°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFE0F725FAC1C20EBB25C434" box="[1318,1361,1896,1920]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFE0F725FF70C2EABF22C4EF" box="[151,342,1932,1957]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" value="2001-10-28">28 October 2001</date>
|
||
, coll. Sumaitt Putchakarn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFE0F724FF20C2C9BFCAC502" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE0F725FF20C2C9BD76C4A6" blockId="6.[151,1437,1751,2029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE0F725FF20C2C9BF2DC483" bold="true" box="[199,345,1967,1992]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE0F725FE87C2C9BFD1C483" box="[352,421,1967,1992]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Shape</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFE0F725FE52C2C9BF8DC483" box="[437,505,1967,1992]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[169,1415,931,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[166,1420,930,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dragmacidon cf. australe. A, RMNH Por. 3610, in situ at Pulau Serangan, Bali. B, RMNH POR. 3615, photographed in situ at Tulamben beach, Bali. RMNH Por. 3610: C light microphotograph of skeleton; D, drawing of spicules. Scale bars: C, 500 µm; D, 50 µm. Photos A – B: Nicole de Voogd." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271941/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B). Thickly encrusting and adapting to the substrate shape to massive-globular. Approximately
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFE0F725FEA0C2B2BFDCC4A7" box="[327,424,2004,2028]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" unit="cm" value="10.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="3.0">3–18 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter and/or
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFE0F725FD63C2B2BCCFC4A7" box="[644,699,2004,2028]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
thick.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="97C7666DFFE1F724FF70C10ABAA9C7F4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271940/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" targetBox="[168,1421,197,1104]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE1F724FF70C10ABAA9C7F4" blockId="7.[151,1437,1132,1215]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FF70C10ABF60C7CA" bold="true" box="[151,276,1132,1154]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFE1F724FEFCC10ABFB9C7C9" box="[283,461,1132,1154]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aruensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FEFCC10ABFB9C7C9" box="[283,461,1132,1154]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Axinella aruensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, ZMA Por. 15138
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FD56C10BBC85C7C9" box="[689,753,1133,1154]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
at Sulawesi. B, RMNH POR. 5345,
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FB8BC10BBAD8C7C9" box="[1132,1196,1133,1154]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
at Halmahera, Ternate. ZMA Por. 00608: C, dry specimen, collected from Rotti Is, 50 m depth at the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFE1F724FC55C1EDBA05C7EA" authority="Expedition" authorityName="Expedition" box="[946,1137,1163,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Siboga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Siboga Expedition</taxonomicName>
|
||
; D, light microphotograph of skeleton; E, drawing of spicules. Scale bars: C, 4 cm; D, 500 µm; E, 50 µm. Photos A–B: Nicole de Voogd..
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE1F724FF20C18ABF8DC64E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1260,2005]" box="[199,505,1260,1285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FF20C18ABF61C64E" box="[199,277,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
. Deep orange to red
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE1F724FF20C077BD4DC662" blockId="7.[151,1437,1260,2005]" box="[199,825,1296,1321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FF20C077BF20C663" box="[199,340,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Consistency.</emphasis>
|
||
Hard to incompressible in preserved stage.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE1F724FF20C052BAA1C606" blockId="7.[151,1437,1260,2005]" box="[199,1237,1332,1357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FF20C052BF6AC606" box="[199,286,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Oscula.</emphasis>
|
||
From inconspicuous or minute, up to
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFE1F724FD2EC052BD7EC607" box="[713,778,1332,1357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, depending on the specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE1F724FF20C03FBDF4C6DE" blockId="7.[151,1437,1260,2005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FF20C03FBF50C63A" box="[199,292,1369,1393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Surface.</emphasis>
|
||
Brush-like, regularly covered with short and broad conules, fused laterally, creating a microreticulation at surface. Conules end with brushes of spicules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE1F724FF20C0C6BD1FC54B" blockId="7.[151,1437,1260,2005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FF20C0C6BF52C6F2" box="[199,294,1440,1465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFE1F724FED8C0C6BFFFC6F2" box="[319,395,1440,1465]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[169,1415,931,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[166,1420,930,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dragmacidon cf. australe. A, RMNH Por. 3610, in situ at Pulau Serangan, Bali. B, RMNH POR. 3615, photographed in situ at Tulamben beach, Bali. RMNH Por. 3610: C light microphotograph of skeleton; D, drawing of spicules. Scale bars: C, 500 µm; D, 50 µm. Photos A – B: Nicole de Voogd." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271941/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Plumoreticulated to halichondroid; formed by thick plumose or plumo-echinated multispicular tracts, up 200–300 µm thick, forming an irregular reticulation of large, rounded to oval meshes. Main tracts connected by shorter and relatively thinner plumose tracts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE1F724FF20C36ABFCAC502" blockId="7.[151,1437,1260,2005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FF20C36ABF50C56E" box="[199,292,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFE1F724FED2C36ABF0DC56E" box="[309,377,1548,1573]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1936,1958]" captionTargetBox="[169,1415,931,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[166,1420,930,1914]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dragmacidon cf. australe. A, RMNH Por. 3610, in situ at Pulau Serangan, Bali. B, RMNH POR. 3615, photographed in situ at Tulamben beach, Bali. RMNH Por. 3610: C light microphotograph of skeleton; D, drawing of spicules. Scale bars: C, 500 µm; D, 50 µm. Photos A – B: Nicole de Voogd." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271941/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
D,
|
||
<tableCitation id="8E3A035EFFE1F724FE7AC36ABF87C56E" box="[413,499,1548,1573]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,239,401,424]" captionText="TABLE 4. Spicule dimensions of Dragmacidon australe." pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Oxeas, 332.6–421.6µm x 14.2–24.4 µm and styles 280.2–430.1 µm x 13.4–20.7 µm in similar proportions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFE1F724FF20C332BAA4C422" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE1F724FF20C332BAA4C422" blockId="7.[151,1437,1260,2005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FF20C332BF4FC526" bold="true" box="[199,315,1620,1645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The material examined here is very similar in all their morphological and skeletal characteristics to that reported from northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFE1F724FE15C31EBC2DC5DA" box="[498,601,1656,1681]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFE1F724FD73C31EBDA7C5DA" author="Alvarez" box="[660,979,1656,1681]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" refString="Alvarez, B. & Hooper, J. N. A. (2009) Taxonomic revision of the order Halichondrida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from northern Australia. Family Axinellidae. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 25, 17 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Alvarez & Hooper (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This species is also very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFE1F724FF70C3FABCB9C5FE" authority="Ridley & Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley & Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,717,1692,1717]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Dragmacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FF70C3FABFCDC5FE" box="[151,441,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Dragmacidon reticulatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFE1F724FE20C3FABCB1C5FE" author="Ridley" box="[455,709,1692,1717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" refString="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A. (1886) Preliminary report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S " Challenger ". Part I. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5), 18, 325 - 351." type="journal article" year="1886">Ridley & Dendy, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Central West Atlantic both in external morphology and spicule composition. A specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFE1F724FD84C3A6BCB3C592" box="[611,711,1728,1753]" name="Thailand" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
was also available for examination and is referred here to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFE1F724FA66C3A7BE92C5B6" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Dragmacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="austral">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FA66C3A7BE92C5B6" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">D. austral</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
e with some hesitation. This specimen differed from the rest of the material examined in that is thinly encrusting and the reticulation of the skeleton seems to be incomplete and represented only by short plumose tracts ascending from a basal skeleton formed by spicules without any orientation and detritus. Unusual dichotriaenes and lophotriaenes were observed in the basal skeleton but is assumed here these spicules are foreign.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFE1F72BFF20C212BB5CC11D" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFE1F72BFF20C212BFDAC39E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1260,2005]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FF20C212BF14C4C6" bold="true" box="[199,352,1908,1933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFE1F724FE8AC212BC05C4C6" box="[365,625,1908,1933]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Dragmacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australe">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFE1F724FE8AC212BC05C4C6" box="[365,625,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Dragmacidon australe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first recorded for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFE1F724FC6BC213BA5CC4C6" box="[908,1064,1908,1933]" name="New Zealand" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Temperate Australasia realm). Additional records from GBR (Tropical Southwestern Pacific province) and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFE1F724FB71C2FEBA89C4FA" box="[1174,1277,1944,1969]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Sahul Shelf province) were reported in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFE1F724FE39C2DBBC9FC49E" author="Hooper" box="[478,747,1980,2005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. & Levi, C. (1993) Axinellida from the New Caledonia Lagoon (Porifera: Demospongiae). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 7, 1395 - 1472. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9931395" type="journal article" year="1993">Hooper & Lévi (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFE1F724FCCAC2DABA16C49E" author="Alvarez" box="[813,1122,1980,2005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" refString="Alvarez, B. & Hooper, J. N. A. (2009) Taxonomic revision of the order Halichondrida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from northern Australia. Family Axinellidae. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 25, 17 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Alvarez & Hooper (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This revision extends the distribution range of this species to Western Coral Triangle and Sunda Shelf [?](
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFEEF72BFBC0C5F1BA1BC3FB" box="[1063,1135,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,789,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,785,1714]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Map showing the geographical location of the described species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271939/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) provinces of the Central- West Indo-Pacific realm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEEF72BFF20C5B9BF55C22E" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
The wide distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEEF72BFE1DC5B9BD74C3B3" box="[506,768,223,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Dragmacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australe">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEEF72BFE1DC5B9BD74C3B3" box="[506,768,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Dragmacidon australe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
suggests this species might be both a broadcaster and cosmopolitan or it might represent a complex of cryptic species that can be differentiated only with the use of genetic methods. No morphological characters are currently available to distinguish the different geographical populations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="97C7666DFFEEF72BFF70C4F7BC89C2E3" box="[151,765,400,424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEEF72BFF70C4F7BC89C2E3" blockId="8.[151,765,400,424]" box="[151,765,400,424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEEF72BFF70C4F7BF7DC2E3" bold="true" box="[151,265,401,424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Spicule dimensions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEEF72BFDE3C4F6BC8EC2E3" box="[516,762,400,424]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Dragmacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australe">Dragmacidon australe</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEEF72BFF78C4A2BA4EC291" blockId="8.[159,1320,452,598]" box="[159,1082,452,474]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Specimen Locality Oxeas Styles</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEEF72BFF78C488BB5CC11D" blockId="8.[159,1320,452,598]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
RMNH POR. 3610 Bali 332.6–421.6µm (372.6±22.6) 280.2–430.1µm (363.7±38.7) x 14.2–24.4µm (18.6±2.3) x 13.4–20.7µm (17.7±1.8) ZMA Por. 18711
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEEF72BFE78C726BF8DC11D" box="[415,505,576,598]" name="Thailand" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
247.1–414.8µm (332.6±46.4) 268.9–497.6µm (367.2±63.7)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |