161 lines
19 KiB
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161 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.159.2311" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5c1ef038-126a-48ed-bb79-d5e097456f5c" ID-PMC="PMC3253633" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-159-1" ID-PubMed="22303111" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-159-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 159" ModsDocTitle="A new genus and species of termites (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae) from the rainforest of northern Peru" checkinTime="1451249433989" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Cuezzo, Carolina & Nickle, David A." docDate="2011" docId="2415CA5653E8A6E9935D55795987E688" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 159: 1-9" docOrigin="ZooKeys 159" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.159.2311" docTitle="Sinqasapatermes Cuezzo & Nickle, 2011, gen. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="FF98FFA9FF81D32EFFB3FFECC938FF8E" masterDocTitle="A new genus and species of termites (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae) from the rainforest of northern Peru" masterLastPageNumber="9" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1668153083995" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new genus and species of termites (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae) from the rainforest of northern Peru</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cuezzo, Carolina</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nickle, David A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>159</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>9</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.159.2311</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.159.2311</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-159-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032794" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15D04831-D8C0-4059-BC6D-75E77AAA7C46" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2415CA5653E8A6E9935D55795987E688" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15D04831-D8C0-4059-BC6D-75E77AAA7C46" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Sinqasapatermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinqasapatermes" order="Isoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sinqasapatermes</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="2">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="type-species">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type-species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Sinqasapatermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinqasapatermes sachae" order="Isoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sachae">Sinqasapatermes sachae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">The new genus is distinguished from other nasutitermitine genera by the unique combination of the following characteristics from the worker digestive tube: distal margin of the enteric valve (P2) not everted into the paunch (P3) but bending towards the ileum (P1), that is, directed against the flow of food; armed with one ring of six equal subtriangularly-shaped ridges, each ridge with short spines on entire surface (Fig. 14); enteric valve armature situatedonexternal face of cone, facing P1 internal wall (Fig. 15); enteric valve seating tri-lobed and separated from remaining portionof P3; P3 subdivided.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Imago. Unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Soldier. Monomorphic. In dorsal view, head capsule with a constriction behind base of antenna. Maximum width behind constriction, at middle of posterior lobe. In profile, dorsal margin of head capsule nearly straight to base of nasus; weakly depressed at base of nasus. Nasus narrow, conical in dorsal view; about same length as head capsule; slanted slightly upward in profile. Mandibles vestigial, without points. Postclypeus moderately arcuate, in profile. Labrum wider than long, with rounded antero-lateral corners. Antenna with 11 articles. Pronotum shallowly saddle-shaped, anterior margin rounded, not emarginate. Tibial spurs 2:2:2.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Worker. Head capsule trapezoidal in dorsal view; maximum width of head capsule at base of mandibles. Fontanelle area depressed, situated at posterior third of head capsule.Postclypeus short and moderately inflated; median line weakly defined. Antenna with 12 articles. Pronotum shallowly saddle-shaped, anterior margin rounded, not emarginate. Tibial spurs 2:2:2.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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Mandibles. Left mandible (Fig. 5) with apical tooth slightly as prominent as or slightly more prominent than M1+2, posterior margin of apical tooth weakly concave or truncate; right or acute angle between posterior margin of apical tooth and anterior
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="3" start="start">margin</pageBreakToken>
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of M1+2; posterior margin of M1+2 straight or slightly sinuous; third marginal tooth reduced to a vestigial node; molar tooth visible at V-shaped gap but apex hidden beneath molar prominence; molar prominence with very weakly-defined ridges. Right mandible (Figs 6-7) with apical tooth slightly more prominent than first marginal tooth, second marginal tooth not visible or vestigial (as a minute prominence); molar plate concave with very weakly defined ridges; basal notch well defined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Digestive tube (Figs 8-15). Coiling gut in situ forming a short, broad mass. Crop (C) voluminous, partially visible in dorsal view; positioned to left halfof abdomen. Gizzard (G) with a strong musculature; well separated from crop; partially visible in ventral view. Mesenteron (M) passing through right side but not reaching medial line in ventral view. Mesenteric-proctodeal junction circular (mixed segment absent); visible in right lateral view. Malpighian tubules (TM) slightly dilated to form an ampulla at base, arranged in adjacent pairs with a common base at mesenteric-proctodeal junction on inner face. Ileum or first proctodeal segment (P1) tubular; shorter than mesenteron length. Enteric valve (P2) lying beneath P1, conical with distal margin not everted into P3 but bending towards P1, i.e., directed against the flow of food (Fig. 15); armed with one ring of six equal subtriangularly-shaped ridges, each ridge with short spines on entire surface (Fig. 14); enteric valve armature situatedonexternal face of cone, facing P1 internal wall (Fig. 15). P2 in same axis aspaunch (P3). Enteric valve seating, tri-lobed and separated from remaining portionof P3 by a constriction; another subdivision visible at P3 before protruding through mesenteric ring; distal part of P3 very prominent in dorsal view and joining colon (P4) on left side; isthmus conspicuous. Dorsal torsion well developed. P4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“U-turn”">"U-turn"</normalizedToken>
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dilated. Distal colon tubular.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">From Quechua, indigenous South American language, sinqa = nose and sapa = big, and Latin termes = termite, meaning termite with a big nose.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Comparisons.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Among soldiers of neotropical genera, the long,narrow nasus and reduced number or absence of bristles on head capsule and thoracic nota are shared characters among species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cyranotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyranotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyranotermes</taxonomicName>
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Araujo,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anhangatermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anhangatermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anhangatermes</taxonomicName>
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Constantino and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Sinqasapatermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinqasapatermes" order="Isoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sinqasapatermes</taxonomicName>
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, but
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cyranotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyranotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyranotermes</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anhangatermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anhangatermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anhangatermes</taxonomicName>
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species have antenna with 13 articles and a rounded head capsule. Soldiers of the latter two genera are also significantly larger than those of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Sinqasapatermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinqasapatermes" order="Isoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sinqasapatermes</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Agnathotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agnathotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agnathotermes</taxonomicName>
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Snyder and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Paraconvexitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraconvexitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paraconvexitermes</taxonomicName>
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Cancello & Noirot also have a conical nasus and antenna with 11 articles, but they differ from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Sinqasapatermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinqasapatermes" order="Isoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sinqasapatermes</taxonomicName>
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by their chaetotaxy and head shape of the soldier.Soldiers of species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Angularitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Angularitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Angularitermes</taxonomicName>
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Emerson,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Araujotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araujotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Araujotermes</taxonomicName>
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Fontes,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Atlantitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Atlantitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Atlantitermes</taxonomicName>
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Fontes,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Coatitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coatitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coatitermes</taxonomicName>
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Fontes,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Convexitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Convexitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Convexitermes</taxonomicName>
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Holmgren,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Ereymatermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ereymatermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ereymatermes</taxonomicName>
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Constantino and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Subulitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Subulitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Subulitermes</taxonomicName>
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Holmgren are genera that can be separated from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Sinqasapatermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinqasapatermes" order="Isoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sinqasapatermes</taxonomicName>
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on the basis of different chaetotaxy arrangement and head capsule shape.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Among workers of neotropical genera, the third marginal tooth of left mandible and second marginal tooth of right mandible absent or vestigial are shared characters among species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cyranotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyranotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyranotermes</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Anhangatermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anhangatermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anhangatermes</taxonomicName>
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, however, molar area differs in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Sinqasapatermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinqasapatermes" order="Isoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sinqasapatermes</taxonomicName>
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by having no ridges and being more concave. Reduced ridges on molar areas are found in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Araujotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araujotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Araujotermes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Atlantitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Atlantitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Atlantitermes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Coatitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coatitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coatitermes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Convexitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Convexitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Convexitermes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Ereymatermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ereymatermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ereymatermes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Paraconvexitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraconvexitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paraconvexitermes</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Subulitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Subulitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Subulitermes</taxonomicName>
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, but none of these genera have lost the
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="4" start="start">marginal</pageBreakToken>
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teeth. The worker gut coiling and enteric valve features of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Sinqasapatermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinqasapatermes" order="Isoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sinqasapatermes</taxonomicName>
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do not match any member of the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Subulitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Subulitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Subulitermes</taxonomicName>
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-group (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kovoor, J" journalOrPublisher="Insectes Sociaux" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="195 - 234" title="Anatomie comparee du tube digestive des termites II. Sous famille des Nasutitermitinae." url="10.1007/BF02223410" volume="16" year="1969">Kovoor 1969</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Fontes, LR" journalOrPublisher="Revista brasileira de Zoologia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="503 - 531" title="Morphology of the alate and worker mandibles of the soil-feeding nasute termites (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae) from the Neotropical region." volume="3" year="1987">Fontes 1987</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Constantino, R" journalOrPublisher="Goeldiana Zoologia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 6" title="Anhangatermes macarthuri, a new genus and species of soil-feeding nasute termite from Amapa, Brazil (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae)." volume="3" year="1990">Constantino 1990</bibRefCitation>
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, 1991;
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<bibRefCitation author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Belgian Journal of Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="283 - 300" title="Humivorous nasute termites (Isoptera: Nasutitermitinae) from the Panama Canal area." volume="125" year="1995">Roisin 1995</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Sands, WA" journalOrPublisher="CAB International, Wallingford" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" title="The identification of worker castes of termite genera from soils of Africa and the Middle East." year="1998">Sands 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Cancello, EM" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (ns)" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="187 - 193" title="Paraconvexitermes acangapua (Isoptera: Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae), a new genus and new species of the so-called " small Neotropical soil-feeding nasutes " from South America." volume="39" year="2003">Cancello and Noirot 2003</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |