519 lines
60 KiB
XML
519 lines
60 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="3CA6363D171431AC1D470B0F44E999C2">An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147F4610BDDF30B4FE05F979" authority="(Weise)" baseAuthorityName="Weise" box="[151,456,1736,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Anegleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardoni">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147F4610BDDF30B4FEA9F978" bold="true" box="[151,356,1736,1763]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Anegleis cardoni</emphasis>
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(Weise)
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074147F4610BDDF3091FEEAF893" blockId="39.[151,456,1736,1800]" box="[151,295,1773,1800]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1147F4610BDD73091FED2F893" box="[159,287,1773,1800]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 23" captionStart-1="FIGURE 24" captionStart-2="FIGURE 25" captionStartId-0="40.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,250,1406,1430]" captionStartId-2="42.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox-0="[205,1383,184,1914]" captionTargetBox-1="[153,1433,183,1379]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,181,1253]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@40.[196,1391,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-15@41.[151,1436,181,1382]" captionTargetId-2="figure-20@42.[151,1435,181,1253]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionTargetPageId-2="42" captionText-0="FIGURE 23. Anegleis cardoni (Weise): a. head; b. abdomen, female; c. ventrite 6, female; d. ventrite 6, male; e. spermatheca; f. spermatheca, variant; g–k. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, ventral view; i. penis; j. penis apex, lateral; k. penis apex, ventral." captionText-1="FIGURE 24. Anegleis cardoni (Weise): a. adult, dorsal view; b. head; c. maxilla; d. antenna; e. labium; f. abdominal postcoxal line; g. epipleuron; h. coxite; i–k. male genitalia: i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." captionText-2="FIGURE 25. Anegleis cardoni (Weise), life stages: a. eggs; b–d. larva; e, f. pupa; g–i. adult." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261576" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261580" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261582" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8261576/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8261580/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8261582/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 23–25</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF147F4610BDDF314EFCA5F83E" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074147F4610BDDF314EFB8AF8D2" blockId="39.[151,1095,1841,1957]" box="[151,1095,1841,1866]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665147F4610BDDF314EFE2EF8D2" author="Weise, J." box="[151,483,1841,1865]" page="19" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1892">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147F4610BDDF314EFE2EF8D2" authority="Weise, 1892: 19" authorityName="Weise" authorityPageNumber="19" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,483,1841,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Verania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardoni">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147F4610BDDF314EFEF7F8D2" box="[151,314,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Verania cardoni</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B06FA29147F4610BC08314DFE2EF8D2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4399052324" box="[320,483,1841,1865]" collectionCode="ZMB" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85147F4610BC08314DFE2EF8D2" author="Weise, J." box="[320,483,1841,1865]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="16 - 30" refId="ref124175" refString="Weise, J. (1892) Les Coccinellides du Chota - Nagpore. Annales de la Societe Entomologique du Belgique, 36, 16 - 30." type="journal article" year="1892">Weise, 1892: 19</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54D54ED6147F4610BCB9314DFD9EF8D2" box="[497,595,1841,1865]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, ZMB; Type locality: ‘Chota-Nagpore’-Mandar).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074147F4610BDDF312CFD09F8F3" blockId="39.[151,1095,1841,1957]" box="[151,708,1872,1896]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A147F4610BDDF312CFD09F8F3" box="[151,708,1872,1896]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665147F4610BDDF312CFDF2F8F3" author="Gorham, H. S." box="[151,575,1872,1896]" page="202" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1894">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147F4610BDDF312CFDF2F8F3" authority=": Gorham 1894 a: 202" authorityName="Gorham" authorityPageNumber="202" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,575,1872,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardoni">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147F4610BDDF312CFEA8F8F3" box="[151,357,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Coelophora cardoni</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85147F4610BC3A312CFDF2F8F3" author="Gorham, H. S." box="[370,575,1872,1896]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="200 - 208" refId="ref113108" refString="Gorham, H. S. (1894 a) On the Coccinellidae from India in the collection of Mr. H. E. Andrewes of the Indian Forestry Service. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 38, 200 - 208." type="journal article" year="1894">Gorham 1894a: 202</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665147F4610BF02312CFD0DF8F3" author="Gorham, H. S." box="[586,704,1872,1896]" page="209" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1894">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85147F4610BF02312CFD0DF8F3" author="Gorham, H. S." box="[586,704,1872,1896]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="209 - 211" refId="ref113154" refString="Gorham, H. S. (1894 b) Insectes du Bengale. Observations on some species of the family Coccinellidae, collected near Konbir and Mandar, India, Bengal, by P. Cardon. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 38, 209 - 211." type="journal article" year="1894">1894b: 209</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074147F4610BDDF3113FDF5F81C" blockId="39.[151,1095,1841,1957]" box="[151,568,1903,1927]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A147F4610BDDF3113FDF5F81C" box="[151,568,1903,1927]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665147F4610BDDF3113FDF9F81C" author="Timberlake, P. H." box="[151,564,1903,1927]" page="27" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1943">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147F4610BDDF3113FDF9F81C" authority=": Timberlake 1943: 27" authorityName="Timberlake" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,564,1903,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Micraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardoni">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147F4610BDDF3113FE9CF81C" box="[151,337,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Micraspis cardoni</emphasis>
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||
:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85147F4610BC163113FDF9F81C" author="Timberlake, P. H." box="[350,564,1903,1927]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref123429" refString="Timberlake, P. H. (1943) The Coccinellidae or lady beetles of the Koebele collection - Part I. Hawaiian Planters' Record, 47, 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1943">Timberlake 1943: 27</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074147F4610BDDF31F1FCA5F83E" blockId="39.[151,1095,1841,1957]" box="[151,872,1933,1957]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A147F4610BDDF31F1FCA5F83E" box="[151,872,1933,1957]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665147F4610BDDF31F1FD5CF83E" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[151,657,1933,1957]" page="295" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1982">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147F4610BDDF31F1FD5CF83E" authority=": Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1982: 295" authorityName="Iablokoff-Khnzorian" authorityPageNumber="295" authorityYear="1982" box="[151,657,1933,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Anegleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardoni">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147F4610BDDF31F1FE8EF83E" box="[151,323,1933,1957]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Anegleis cardoni</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85147F4610BC1831F1FD5CF83E" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[336,657,1933,1957]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref114042" refString="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. (1982) Les Coccinelles Coleopteres-Coccinellidae. Tribu Coccinellini des regions Palearctique et Orientale. Boubee, Paris, 568 pp. [in French]" type="book" year="1982">Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1982: 295</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665147F4610BFD331F1FCA9F83E" author="Poorani, J." box="[667,868,1933,1957]" page="321" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85147F4610BFD331F1FCA9F83E" author="Poorani, J." box="[667,868,1933,1957]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="307 - 383" refId="ref118931" refString="Poorani, J. (2002 a) An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (excluding Epilachninae) of the Indian subregion. Oriental Insects, 36, 307 - 383. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2002.10417335" type="journal article" year="2002">Poorani 2002a: 321</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF11A0FC1470461FBDDF31EBFE90F86C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261576" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8261576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261576/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[205,1383,184,1914]" targetPageId="40" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F0741470461FBDDF31EBFE90F86C" blockId="40.[151,1437,1943,2039]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661470461FBDDF31EBFED4F834" bold="true" box="[151,281,1943,1967]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 23</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71470461FBC6F31EBFDE6F834" authority="(Weise)" baseAuthorityName="Weise" box="[295,555,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Anegleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardoni">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661470461FBC6F31EBFE1FF834" box="[295,466,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Anegleis cardoni</emphasis>
|
||
(Weise)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a. head; b. abdomen, female; c. ventrite 6, female; d. ventrite 6, male; e. spermatheca; f. spermatheca, variant; g–k. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, ventral view; i. penis; j. penis apex, lateral; k. penis apex, ventral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
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||
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<paragraph id="8BD1F0741471461EBDDF3302FBA8FA21" blockId="41.[151,1436,1406,1467]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661471461EBDDF3302FED4FA0D" bold="true" box="[151,281,1406,1430]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FIGURE 24</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71471461EBC6E3302FDE7FA0D" authority="(Weise)" baseAuthorityName="Weise" box="[294,554,1406,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Anegleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardoni">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661471461EBC6E3302FE1CFA0D" box="[294,465,1406,1430]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Anegleis cardoni</emphasis>
|
||
(Weise)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a. adult, dorsal view; b. head; c. maxilla; d. antenna; e. labium; f. abdominal postcoxal line; g. epipleuron; h. coxite; i–k. male genitalia: i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF1471461EBDDF3070FE1FF84C" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F0741471461EBDDF3070FBEEF8F0" blockId="41.[151,1437,1548,2007]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661471461EBDDF3070FEDFF9BD" bold="true" box="[151,274,1548,1574]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Length:
|
||
<quantity id="4C965D911471461EBC3F3071FDD0F9BC" box="[375,541,1549,1576]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.625" metricValueMax="3.75" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="3.625" valueMax="3.75" valueMin="3.5">3.50–3.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width:
|
||
<quantity id="4C965D911471461EBF303071FCD3F9BC" box="[632,798,1549,1576]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.375" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.25" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="3.375" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.25">3.25–3.50 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Form (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF11471461EBE3D3071FC14F9BC" box="[885,985,1549,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1406,1430]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,183,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[151,1436,181,1382]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 24. Anegleis cardoni (Weise): a. adult, dorsal view; b. head; c. maxilla; d. antenna; e. labium; f. abdominal postcoxal line; g. epipleuron; h. coxite; i–k. male genitalia: i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261580/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs 24a</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF11471461EBEAC3071FBE8F9B3" box="[996,1061,1549,1576]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-20@42.[151,1435,181,1253]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 25. Anegleis cardoni (Weise), life stages: a. eggs; b–d. larva; e, f. pupa; g–i. adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261582/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<quantity id="4C965D911471461EBEAC3071FBC2F9B3" box="[996,1039,1549,1576]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.5" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="g" value="25.0">25g</quantity>
|
||
–i
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) round, strongly convex. Ground colour pale creamy yellow. Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF11471461EBF47304DFDA6F9D0" box="[527,619,1585,1611]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,184,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-20@40.[196,1391,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 23. Anegleis cardoni (Weise): a. head; b. abdomen, female; c. ventrite 6, female; d. ventrite 6, male; e. spermatheca; f. spermatheca, variant; g–k. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, ventral view; i. penis; j. penis apex, lateral; k. penis apex, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261576/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 23a</figureCitation>
|
||
) yellow, posteriorly blackish. Pronotum with a pair of triangular markings on posterior margin and a pair of small, transverse markings in the middle. Scutellar shield very small, triangular and black. Each elytron with a pair of thin black stripes, outer one anteriorly bent towards suture and inner one posteriorly bent towards lateral margin and a small circular spot near apex; suture with a black stripe; lateral margins of elytra very narrowly black. Ventral side uniform pale yellow. Posterior margin of ventrite
|
||
<quantity id="4C965D911471461EB9FA30BDFB13F940" box="[1202,1246,1729,1756]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
|
||
female medially slightly produced, that of ventrite 6 arcuate, a transverse sclerotized projection present beneath ventrite 6; posterior margin of ventrite
|
||
<quantity id="4C965D911471461EBC223175FE5BF8B8" box="[362,406,1801,1827]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||
male emarginate. Spermatheca vermiform (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF11471461EBECE3175FC32F8B8" box="[902,1023,1801,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,184,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-20@40.[196,1391,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 23. Anegleis cardoni (Weise): a. head; b. abdomen, female; c. ventrite 6, female; d. ventrite 6, male; e. spermatheca; f. spermatheca, variant; g–k. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, ventral view; i. penis; j. penis apex, lateral; k. penis apex, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261576/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 23e, f</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF11471461EB98D3175FA8AF8B8" box="[1221,1351,1801,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[205,1383,184,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-20@40.[196,1391,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 23. Anegleis cardoni (Weise): a. head; b. abdomen, female; c. ventrite 6, female; d. ventrite 6, male; e. spermatheca; f. spermatheca, variant; g–k. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, ventral view; i. penis; j. penis apex, lateral; k. penis apex, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261576/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Figs
|
||
<quantity id="4C965D911471461EB9B63175FAE5F8B8" box="[1278,1320,1801,1827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="g" value="23.0">23g</quantity>
|
||
–k
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF11471461EB81B3175FA58F8B8" box="[1363,1429,1801,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1406,1430]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,183,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[151,1436,181,1382]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 24. Anegleis cardoni (Weise): a. adult, dorsal view; b. head; c. maxilla; d. antenna; e. labium; f. abdominal postcoxal line; g. epipleuron; h. coxite; i–k. male genitalia: i. tegmen, ventral view; j. penis; k. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261580/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">24i–k</figureCitation>
|
||
) as illustrated. It is externally strikingly similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71471461EBF8A3151FBF8F8DC" authority="(Mulsant)" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[706,1077,1837,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Phrynocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrotetti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661471461EBF8A3151FC72F8DC" box="[706,959,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Phrynocaria perrotetti</emphasis>
|
||
(Mulsant)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and can be separated from it by the much smaller scutellum, elytral pattern and the absence of prosternal carinae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F0741471461EBD8F3109FE1FF84C" blockId="41.[151,1437,1548,2007]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661471461EBD8F3109FE5AF814" bold="true" box="[199,407,1909,1935]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Immature stages.</emphasis>
|
||
Eggs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF11471461EBCA13109FD84F80B" box="[489,585,1909,1936]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-20@42.[151,1435,181,1253]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 25. Anegleis cardoni (Weise), life stages: a. eggs; b–d. larva; e, f. pupa; g–i. adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261582/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 25a</figureCitation>
|
||
) yellowish and spindle shaped. Larva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF11471461EB9413109FB4AF80B" box="[1033,1159,1909,1936]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-20@42.[151,1435,181,1253]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 25. Anegleis cardoni (Weise), life stages: a. eggs; b–d. larva; e, f. pupa; g–i. adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261582/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 25b–d</figureCitation>
|
||
) dark purplish brown to pitchy brown with creamy white or pale yellowish spots. Pupa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1355ECF11471461EBE3431E5FC35F828" box="[892,1016,1945,1972]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-20@42.[151,1435,181,1253]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 25. Anegleis cardoni (Weise), life stages: a. eggs; b–d. larva; e, f. pupa; g–i. adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261582/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 25e, f</figureCitation>
|
||
) reddish brown to pinkish with pale yellow or whitish markings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF11A0FC1472461DBDDF3281FBF2FA8D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261582" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8261582" box="[151,1087,1277,1302]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261582/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[151,250,1277,1301]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1253]" targetPageId="42" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F0741472461DBDDF3281FBF2FA8D" blockId="42.[151,1087,1277,1302]" box="[151,1087,1277,1302]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBDDF3281FED4FA8E" bold="true" box="[151,281,1277,1301]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 25</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBC6E3282FDE4FA8D" authority="(Weise)" baseAuthorityName="Weise" box="[294,553,1278,1302]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Anegleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBC6E3282FE1FFA8D" box="[294,466,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Anegleis cardoni</emphasis>
|
||
(Weise)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, life stages: a. eggs; b–d. larva; e, f. pupa; g–i. adult.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF1472461DBD8F3325FCD4FA0C" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F0741472461DBD8F3325FCD4FA0C" blockId="42.[151,1437,1369,2030]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBD8F3325FEACFAE8" bold="true" box="[199,353,1369,1395]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E41472461DBC223326FE65FAEF" box="[362,424,1370,1396]" name="India" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Widely distributed (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E961472461DBFDF3326FC9FFAEF" box="[663,850,1370,1396]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E961472461DBE173326FC52FAEF" box="[863,927,1370,1396]" country="India" name="Bihar" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Bihar</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E961472461DBEE43326FBEFFAEF" box="[940,1058,1370,1396]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Goa,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E961472461DB9273326FA8CFAEF" box="[1135,1345,1370,1396]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E961472461DB8063326FA55FAEF" box="[1358,1432,1370,1396]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Orissa</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Punjab,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E961472461DBDBA3301FEB4FA0C" box="[242,377,1405,1431]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E961472461DBCCD3301FDE9FA0C" box="[389,548,1405,1431]" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E41472461DBF7E3301FD65FA0C" box="[566,680,1405,1431]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E41472461DBFFB3301FCDBFA0C" box="[691,790,1405,1431]" name="Pakistan" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF1472461CBD8F33DCFB33FE1F" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F0741472461DBD8F33DCFE31F881" blockId="42.[151,1437,1369,2030]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBD8F33DCFE2BFA21" bold="true" box="[199,486,1440,1466]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Prey/associated habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Predaceous on aphids, mealybugs, scales, whiteflies, eggs and immature stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBDDF33BFFEEFFA46" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,290,1475,1501]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Known hosts are as follows:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBFC033BFFCDAFA46" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1840" box="[648,791,1475,1501]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aleyrodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBE6D33BFFB4DFA46" authority="Russell" authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1965" box="[805,1152,1475,1501]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispersus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBE6D33BFFBEDFA46" box="[805,1056,1475,1501]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aleurodicus dispersus</emphasis>
|
||
Russell
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB9C733BFFEC5F99B" authority="(Maskell)" authorityName="Kapur" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barodensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB9C733BFFA51FA46" box="[1167,1436,1475,1501]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aleurolobus barodensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Maskell)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBC5B339AFE41F99B" box="[275,396,1510,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aphididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBCD0339AFD27F99B" authority="(Harris)" baseAuthorityName="Harris" box="[408,746,1510,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Acyrthosiphon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pisum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBCD0339AFD4BF99B" box="[408,646,1510,1536]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Acyrthosiphon pisum</emphasis>
|
||
(Harris)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBFBE339AFC32F99B" authority="Koch" authorityName="Koch" box="[758,1023,1510,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="craccivora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBFBE339AFC7AF99B" box="[758,951,1510,1536]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aphis craccivora</emphasis>
|
||
Koch
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB944339AFAC5F99B" authority="Glover" authorityName="Glover" box="[1036,1288,1510,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gossypii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB944339AFB7DF99B" box="[1036,1200,1510,1536]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aphis gossypii</emphasis>
|
||
Glover
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB85C339BFE43F9BF" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Brevicoryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brassicae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB85C339BFECFF9BF" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Brevicoryne brassicae</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBCE93076FCBCF9BF" authority="(Kaltenbach)" baseAuthorityName="Kaltenbach" box="[417,881,1546,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Lipaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudobrassicae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBCE93076FD00F9BF" box="[417,717,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Lipaphis pseudobrassicae</emphasis>
|
||
(Kaltenbach)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBECC3076FAE1F9BF" authority="(Thomas)" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[900,1324,1546,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Macrosiphum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euphorbiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBECC3076FB60F9BF" box="[900,1197,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Macrosiphum euphorbiae</emphasis>
|
||
(Thomas)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB8773076FE57F9DC" authority="(Takahashi)" baseAuthorityName="Takahashi" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Sitobion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miscanthi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB8773076FEC9F9DC" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Sitobion miscanthi</emphasis>
|
||
(Takahashi)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBCE33051FBC4F9DC" authority="Boyer de Fonscolombe" authorityName="Boyer de Fonscolombe" box="[427,1033,1581,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii" subGenus="Toxoptera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBCE33051FD28F9DC" box="[427,741,1581,1607]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii</emphasis>
|
||
Boyer de Fonscolombe
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB91B3051FEDCF9F1" authority="(Kirkaldy)" baseAuthorityName="Kirkaldy" baseAuthorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citricidus" subGenus="Toxoptera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB91B3051FA51F9DC" box="[1107,1436,1581,1607]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aphis (Toxoptera) citricidus</emphasis>
|
||
(Kirkaldy)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Coccoidea:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBCF2302CFCFAF9F1" authority="(Green)" baseAuthorityName="Green" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[442,823,1616,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Coccidohystrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insolita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBCF2302CFD07F9F1" box="[442,714,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Coccidohystrix insolita</emphasis>
|
||
(Green)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBE07302DFC3FF9F0" box="[847,1010,1617,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Lecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBE07302DFC70F9F1" box="[847,957,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Lecanium</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB943302CFA55F9F1" authority="(Green)" baseAuthorityName="Green" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1035,1432,1616,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Megapulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB943302CFAE6F9F1" box="[1035,1323,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Megapulvinaria maxima</emphasis>
|
||
(Green)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBDDF300FFE9BF915" box="[151,342,1651,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Monophlebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBDDF300FFEE2F916" box="[151,303,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Monophlebus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBC28300FFE25F915" box="[352,488,1651,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Ortheziidae" genus="Orthezia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBC28300FFE0FF916" box="[352,450,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Orthezia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBCBA3008FD47F916" authorityName="Takahashi" authorityYear="1955" box="[498,650,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Parasaissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBCBA3008FD47F916" box="[498,650,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Parasaissetia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBFFD3008FCD4F915" box="[693,793,1652,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBFFD3008FCD4F915" box="[693,793,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Saissetia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBE6E3008FCAEF916" box="[806,867,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">nigra</emphasis>
|
||
(Nietner),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBE92300FFB39F916" authority="(Risso)" baseAuthorityName="Risso" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[986,1268,1651,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Planococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBE92300FFB50F916" box="[986,1181,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Planococcus citri</emphasis>
|
||
(Risso)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB9B6300FFF74F92A" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Pseudococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB9B6300FFA50F916" box="[1278,1437,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pseudococcus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBD8D30EAFE2BF92B" authority="Maskell" authorityName="Maskell" authorityYear="1893" box="[197,486,1686,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="psidii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBD8D30EAFE4FF92B" box="[197,386,1686,1712]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pulvinaria psidii</emphasis>
|
||
Maskell
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBCBA30EAFD5FF92A" box="[498,658,1686,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBCBA30EAFDA7F92B" box="[498,618,1686,1712]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pulvinaria</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBFD730EBFC09F92B" authority="(Walker)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[671,964,1686,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coffeae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBFD730EBFC97F92A" box="[671,858,1687,1713]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Saissetia coffeae</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBEBB30EBFA55F92B" authority="(Targioni Tozzetti))" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1840" baseAuthorityName="Targioni Tozzetti" box="[1011,1432,1686,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hemisphaerica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBEBB30EBFB79F92B" box="[1011,1204,1686,1713]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. hemisphaerica</emphasis>
|
||
(Targioni Tozzetti))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, green mealy scale on coffee shade trees;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBFC830C6FCC7F94F" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[640,778,1722,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lophopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBE5130C6FB9BF94F" authority="(Walker)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[793,1110,1722,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Pyrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perpusilla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBE5130C6FC29F94F" box="[793,996,1722,1748]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pyrilla perpusilla</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB92D30C6FB1DF94F" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1807" box="[1125,1232,1722,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psyllidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB99730C6FED7F96C" authority="Kuwayama" authorityName="Kuwayama" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Diaphorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB99730C6FA50F94F" box="[1247,1437,1722,1748]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diaphorina citri</emphasis>
|
||
Kuwayama
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBC6330A1FE62F96C" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[299,431,1757,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lycaenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBC8830A1FD73F96C" authority="(Stoll)" baseAuthorityName="Stoll" box="[448,702,1757,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Chilades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lajus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBC8830A1FDABF96C" box="[448,614,1757,1783]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Chilades lajus</emphasis>
|
||
(Stoll)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBF9830A1FCACF96C" box="[720,865,1757,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Papilionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBE3830A1FB7DF96C" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[880,1200,1757,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demoleus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBE3830A1FBF7F96C" box="[880,1082,1757,1783]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Papilio demoleus</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB98830A1FAEFF96C" box="[1216,1314,1757,1783]" class="Pilidiophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Nemertea" rank="order">Araneae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB87A30A1FAA2F96C" baseAuthorityName="Walckenaer" baseAuthorityYear="1806" box="[1330,1391,1757,1783]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Olios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB87A30A1FAA2F96C" box="[1330,1391,1757,1783]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Olios</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBDDF317DFEC4F880" authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1805" box="[151,265,1793,1819]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sparassus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBDDF317DFEC4F880" box="[151,265,1793,1819]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Sparassus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBC51317CFEB1F881" box="[281,380,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">lamarcki</emphasis>
|
||
(Latreille).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F0741472461DBD8F315FFA83F876" blockId="42.[151,1437,1369,2030]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Frequently associated with whitefly infestations on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBE483158FC6CF8A6" box="[768,929,1828,1854]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cassia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siamea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBE483158FC6CF8A6" box="[768,929,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cassia siamea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and guava. Collected on sandal,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB859315FFF3CF8FB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pterolobium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB859315FFF3CF8FB" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pterolobium indicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBC48313AFE0DF8FB" authorityName="Royen ex Blume" authorityYear="1849" box="[256,448,1862,1888]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Dodonea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBC48313AFE0DF8FB" box="[256,448,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dodonea viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBC87313AFD61F8FB" box="[463,684,1862,1888]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Canthium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="didymum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBC87313AFD61F8FB" box="[463,684,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Canthium didymum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lantana,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBE52313AFC2AF8FB" box="[794,999,1862,1888]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Zizyphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oenoplia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBE52313AFC2AF8FB" box="[794,999,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Zizyphus oenoplia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DB96D313BFB71F8FA" box="[1061,1212,1863,1889]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Ageratum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB96D313BFB5EF8FA" box="[1061,1171,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Ageratum</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Chatterjee & Bose 1933). Associated with aphids, mealybugs and scales infesting cabbage and other crucifers, brinjal, wheat, peas, tomato,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBDBB31F1FE1EF83C" box="[243,467,1933,1959]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Achyranthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBDBB31F1FE1EF83C" box="[243,467,1933,1959]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Achyranthes aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBCA931F1FD59F83C" box="[481,660,1933,1959]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Coccinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBCA931F1FD59F83C" box="[481,660,1933,1959]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Coccinia indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBFEA31F2FC9FF83C" box="[674,850,1934,1959]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Duranta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="repens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBFEA31F2FC9FF83C" box="[674,850,1934,1959]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Duranta repens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBE2831F2FC05F83C" box="[864,968,1934,1959]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Duranta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBE2831F2FC05F83C" box="[864,968,1934,1959]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. erecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71472461DBE9E31F1FB44F83C" box="[982,1161,1933,1959]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Zizyphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jujuba">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DBE9E31F1FB44F83C" box="[982,1161,1933,1959]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Zizyphus jujuba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, chrysanthemum, neem, and several other plants (Afroze 2000). Collected on sunflower, sunnhemp, castor, coconut, sugarcane, and tobacco (label data). Collected on wheat, maize, berseem, walnut, potato, mulberry, and spinach (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D851472461DB93331AFFA8FF876" author="Hayat, A. & Khan, M. R. & Naz, F." box="[1147,1346,2003,2030]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="12 - 66" refId="ref113416" refString="Hayat, A., Khan, M. R. & Naz, F. (2017) Subfamilies Coccinellinae and Coccidullinae (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) with New Records from AJK, Pakistan. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 7 (4), 12 - 66." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Hayat
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661472461DB98E31A8FB35F876" box="[1222,1272,2003,2029]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F0741473461CBD8F36EBFC12FF4F" blockId="43.[151,1436,151,495]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D851473461CBD8F36EBFEAEFF2A" author="Irshad, M." box="[199,355,151,177]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="1259 - 1263" refId="ref114402" refString="Irshad, M. (2001) Distribution, hosts, ecology and biotic potentials of coccinellids of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 4 (10), 1259 - 1263." type="journal article" year="2001">Irshad (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71473461CBC9536EBFD09FF2A" baseAuthorityName="Lethierry" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[477,708,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Amritodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atkinsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661473461CBC9536EBFD09FF2A" box="[477,708,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Amritodus atkinsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71473461CBF9F36EBFBCDFF2B" box="[727,1024,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Comstockaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perniciosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661473461CBF9F36EBFBCDFF2B" box="[727,1024,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Comstockaspis perniciosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71473461CB90F36EBFADEFF2A" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[1095,1299,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Pyrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perpusilla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661473461CB90F36EBFADEFF2A" box="[1095,1299,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Pyrilla perpusilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as hosts in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E41473461CBDDF36C6FF37FF4F" box="[151,250,186,212]" name="Pakistan" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Afroze (2000) studied its biology on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71473461CBFEA36C6FCDBFF4F" baseAuthorityName="Green" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[674,790,186,212]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Coccidohystrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insolita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661473461CBFEA36C6FCDBFF4F" box="[674,790,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. insolita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661473461CBE0536C7FC12FF4F" box="[845,991,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71473461CBE0536C7FC16FF4F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[845,987,186,212]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Brevicoryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brassicae">B. brassicae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F0741473461CBD8F36A1FBBEFEFA" blockId="43.[151,1436,151,495]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661473461CBD8F36A1FE0EFF6C" bold="true" box="[199,451,221,247]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Seasonal occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
“Passes through many generations in a year (at least six), populations are high during January–March and August–December and low during April–July in South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E41473461CBE96377CFBD7FE81" box="[990,1050,256,282]" name="India" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D851473461CB97A377CFACFFE81" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[1074,1282,256,282]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref116158" refString="Korschefsky, R. (1933) Entomological investigations on the spike disease of sandal (16). Coccinellidae (Col.). Indian Forest Records, 19 (6), 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1933">Korschefsky 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Chatterjee & Bose 1933). Collected almost throughout the year, particularly common during June–August in south
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E41473461CB853375FFA98FEA6" box="[1307,1365,291,317]" name="India" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(label data). Common during mid-September to April in Aligarh,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E961473461CBE64373BFC0BFEFA" box="[812,966,327,353]" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Afroze 2000).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F0741473461CBD8F3716FB33FE1F" blockId="43.[151,1436,151,495]" box="[199,1278,362,388]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661473461CBD8F3716FEB2FE1F" bold="true" box="[199,383,362,388]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Natural enemy.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71473461CBCCE3716FD18FE1F" authority="Brues" authorityName="Brues" box="[390,725,362,388]" class="Insecta" family="Proctotrupidae" genus="Nothoserphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661473461CBCCE3716FD40FE1F" box="[390,653,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Nothoserphus mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
Brues
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71473461CBFAC3716FCA8FE1F" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[740,869,362,388]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71473461CBE383716FBDAFE1F" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[880,1047,362,388]" class="Insecta" family="Proctotrupidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Proctotrupidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (unpublished data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF1473461CBD8F37F1FBECFE74" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F0741473461CBD8F37F1FBECFE74" blockId="43.[151,1436,151,495]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C661473461CBD8F37F1FEDCFE3C" bold="true" box="[199,273,397,423]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
It is one of the most common species in South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E41473461CBE7337F1FCB8FE3C" box="[827,885,397,423]" name="India" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
with a propensity to feed on various whiteflies, which is unusual in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF71473461CBC3B37CCFDCDFE51" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1807" box="[371,512,432,458]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Coccinellini">Coccinellini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Chatterjee & Bose (1933) studied its hosts and seasonal incidence in detail.Afroze (2000) studied its bioecology and briefly described and illustrated the life stages.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |