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<document id="93B4BEF61FEEE7C9BFF3BB3F0B47A976" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5167725" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5167725" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628270427885" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Austin, George T. &amp; Warren, Andrew D." docDate="2009" docId="03B687432D4C856E3DDDFEB325D31570" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0089.1-55.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2009 (89)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Onespa gala Austin &amp; Warren 2009, new combination" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FF8FFF3B2D4485653D1DFFF62651142B" masterDocTitle="New looks at and for Onespa, Buzyges, and Librita (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae), with new combinations and descriptions of a new genus and six new species" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1699038508896" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
<mods:mods id="978F9BBD1E6EE4B9D920DB5AC2FDD60F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="E8611910F0F4B72F7024E4FC6EB263FC">
<mods:title id="7C8CAD1720250902CD3C671384D8746B">New looks at and for Onespa, Buzyges, and Librita (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae), with new combinations and descriptions of a new genus and six new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A3DB85E3285D62C450FB0DAB2AF66384" type="personal">
<mods:role id="179CBE833A3B8D92417287AA382D4EAD">
<mods:roleTerm id="F2DFD80463EBC9EE30A627DA6771DD5C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C9DFE1C31A556DB459DBDEB1C823ADA0">Austin, George T.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2ED72276227AEB739EBAB474D8FCF9DE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B1DC01BFCCAB7DD5406E7D9B7E9F8967">
<mods:roleTerm id="D07868434C67B1CC0C221D8A342EC1E7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5916CA8AB8FED2A2758F4E1A69B2BBD2">Warren, Andrew D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="7D8D992CEC55CB4805828C7A013F904C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="2F4EDF090661686295847E59411FB337" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="66FD6C8DD53806F00D0EDC7B5E71105A">
<mods:title id="A8870D49C2D2A3A3B7EFB214F8F6CED3">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6BFCEB5932C4EF2AD8D78A907E17124F">
<mods:date id="12B172676BB08419CE2AF9A56E41CDA7">2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="B77CBA3D41209B24FA87C3DCED2EBEE5" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="7810BF30B3FFA2D5A5AACFE4DAC5F8DF">2009-07-24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="CCC674EBA8FBF006359AF35DEF87F2D3" type="volume">
<mods:number id="23540E53A57C54AE73469FF5FCD9F2BE">2009</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="384DAB863CECCADE08FF70057E86CB5D" type="issue">
<mods:number id="9A62FD43798F89F60C7993F720515308">89</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="24DBF8B9C70A44773399AD96757879F6">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="FC18BAB9468CBF5727E487D1C6794C6A">55</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="3349EDDAE1BFBCAD9C016982632742AB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B1595489B203D2E9E5CBA52A9AF1854E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5167725</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3C0DD0FF88E58F468B2A6ECBC0E57E2D" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="25E2E686A93121996C4CE308F2A303BF" type="Zenodo-Dep">5167725</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03B687432D4C856E3DDDFEB325D31570" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687432D4C856E3DDDFEB325D31570" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B687432D4C856E3DDDFEB325D31570" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="C30565DE2D4C856D3DDDFEB3256F1570" box="[192,830,323,348]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4C856D3DDDFEB3256F1570" blockId="8.[192,830,323,379]" box="[192,830,323,348]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0E881392D4C856D3DDDFEB3256F1570" bold="true" box="[192,830,323,348]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4C856D3DDDFEB3256F1570" bold="true" box="[192,830,323,348]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4C856D3DDDFEB324141570" authority="(Godman, 1900)" authorityName="Austin &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Godman" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[192,581,323,348]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Onespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4C856D3DDDFEB3273B1577" bold="true" box="[192,362,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Onespa gala</emphasis>
(Godman, 1900)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A258573C2D4C856D3F4CFEB5256F1570" box="[593,830,323,347]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30565DE2D4C856F3DDDFE9527751710" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4C856D3DDDFE9527EF1550" blockId="8.[192,830,323,379]" box="[192,446,355,379]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
(
<figureCitation id="13242AD02D4C856D3DD4FE9527671550" box="[201,310,355,379]" captionStart="Figure 1-18" captionStartId="5.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[233,1406,197,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[221,1418,189,1680]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 1-18. Onespa (full data in text; ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface; scale bar = 10 mm). 1) O. nubis, holotype male, El Salvador, 25 March 1972, ds; 2) same, vs; 3) O. nubis, male, El Triunfo, Chiapas, Mexico, 22 March 2007, ds; 4) same, vs; 5) O. nubis, paratype female, El Salvador, 28 December 1971, ds; 6) same, vs; 7) O. gala, holotype male, Veracruz, Mexico, ds, reproduced from photograph at MGCL; 8) same, vs; 9) O. gala, male, Michoacán, Mexico, 22 July 1996, ds; 10) same, vs; 11) O. gala, female, Michoacán, Mexico, 27 July 1996, ds; 12) same, vs; 13) O. brockorum, holotype male, Sonora, Mexico, 24 July 1997, ds; 14) same, vs; 15) O. brockorum, paratype female, Sonora, Mexico, 22 July 1985, ds; 16) same, vs; 17) O. nakamura, holotype male, Costa Rica, 13 June 2005, ds; 18) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5167727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5167727/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7-12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13242AD02D4C856D3C5CFE9527301550" box="[321,353,355,379]" captionStart="Figure 63-66" captionStartId="35.[192,276,1215,1237]" captionTargetBox="[263,1362,195,1189]" captionTargetId="figure-293@35.[263,1362,192,1189]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 63-66. Male genitalia of Onespa (full data in text; shown are lateral view of uncus, gnathos, tegumen, and saccus; dorsal view of uncus and tegumen; ventral view of gnathos uncus; internal view of right valva; ventral view of saccus; ventral, dorsal, right lateral and/or left lateral views of aedeagus; scale bar = 1 mm). 63) O. nubis, El Salvador (SRS #4803); 64) O. brockorum, Sonora, Mexico, paratype (SRS #1852); 65) O. gala, Michoacán, Mexico (GTA #14065); 66) O. nakamura, Costa Rica, holotype (GTA #14033)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5167739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5167739/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">65</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13242AD02D4C856D3C71FE9527DD1550" box="[364,396,355,379]" captionStart="Figure 75-86" captionStartId="38.[192,276,1030,1052]" captionTargetBox="[447,1192,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure-298@38.[447,1192,193,1003]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 75-86. Rigid cornuti of Onespa, Buzyges, Librita, and Neposa (full data in text; shown are lateral and dorsal views). 75) O. nubis, El Salvador (SRS #4803); 76) O. gala, Michoacán, Mexico (GTA #14065); 77) O. brockorum, Sonora, Mexico, paratype (SRS #1852); 78) O. nakamura, Costa Rica, holotype (GTA #14033); 79) B. idothea, Costa Rica (ADW #97-102); 80) B. rolla, Costa Rica (GTA #14055); 81) B. benito, Oaxaca, Mexico (SRS #4468); 82) B. mellanaformis, Costa Rica, paratype (GTA #14031); 83) L. librita, Veracruz, Mexico (GTA #14135); 84) N. heras, Guerrero, Mexico (ADW #97-112); 85) N. armandoi, Oaxaca, Mexico, holotype (GTA #14143); 86) N. isabelae, Guatemala, paratype (ADW #98-15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5167749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5167749/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">76</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13242AD02D4C856D3C8AFE9527E41550" box="[407,437,355,379]" captionStart="Figure 87-89" captionStartId="39.[192,276,839,861]" captionTargetBox="[247,1382,195,833]" captionTargetId="figure-378@39.[247,1388,195,836]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 87-89. Female genitalia of Onespa (shown are left lateral and ventral views; scale bar = 1 mm). 87) O. nubis, Oaxaca, Mexico (GTA #14056); 88) O. gala, Michoacán, Mexico (GTA #14067); 89) O. brockorum, Sinaloa, Mexico, paratype (SRS #4453)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5167751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5167751/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">88</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4C856D3DDDFE52224515F0" blockId="8.[192,1440,419,475]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4C856D3DDDFE52245C1590" authority="Godman, 1900" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[192,525,419,443]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Atrytone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4C856D3DDDFE52270C1590" box="[192,349,419,443]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Atrytone gala</emphasis>
Godman, 1900
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4C856D3F07FE5224621590" box="[538,563,420,443]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">in</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4C856D3F2AFE5525311590" author="Godman, F. D. &amp; O. Salvin" box="[567,864,419,443]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref46243" refString="Godman, F. D., and O. Salvin. 1879 - 1901. Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Lepidoptera- Rhopalocera. London: Delau. 1229 p." type="book" year="1879">Godman and Salvin 1879</bibRefCitation>
-1901, 2:495). Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="F30876C52D4C856D39BCFE5523451590" box="[1185,1300,419,443]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
: [
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4C856D383EFE5223C41590" box="[1315,1429,420,443]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
]; Las Vigas;
<typeStatus id="54A488F72D4C856D3C6BFE35278E15F0" box="[374,479,451,475]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male (
<figureCitation id="13242AD02D4C856D3F2DFE3524DD15F0" box="[560,652,451,475]" captionStart="Figure 1-18" captionStartId="5.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[233,1406,197,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[221,1418,189,1680]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 1-18. Onespa (full data in text; ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface; scale bar = 10 mm). 1) O. nubis, holotype male, El Salvador, 25 March 1972, ds; 2) same, vs; 3) O. nubis, male, El Triunfo, Chiapas, Mexico, 22 March 2007, ds; 4) same, vs; 5) O. nubis, paratype female, El Salvador, 28 December 1971, ds; 6) same, vs; 7) O. gala, holotype male, Veracruz, Mexico, ds, reproduced from photograph at MGCL; 8) same, vs; 9) O. gala, male, Michoacán, Mexico, 22 July 1996, ds; 10) same, vs; 11) O. gala, female, Michoacán, Mexico, 27 July 1996, ds; 12) same, vs; 13) O. brockorum, holotype male, Sonora, Mexico, 24 July 1997, ds; 14) same, vs; 15) O. brockorum, paratype female, Sonora, Mexico, 22 July 1985, ds; 16) same, vs; 17) O. nakamura, holotype male, Costa Rica, 13 June 2005, ds; 18) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5167727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5167727/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7-8</figureCitation>
) in Schaus’ collection at USNM.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4C856D3DDDFDF5224F1790" blockId="8.[192,1441,515,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4C856D3DDDFDF527E01630" bold="true" box="[192,433,515,539]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Description. Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13242AD02D4C856D3CA3FDF524791630" box="[446,552,515,539]" captionStart="Figure 1-18" captionStartId="5.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[233,1406,197,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[221,1418,189,1680]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 1-18. Onespa (full data in text; ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface; scale bar = 10 mm). 1) O. nubis, holotype male, El Salvador, 25 March 1972, ds; 2) same, vs; 3) O. nubis, male, El Triunfo, Chiapas, Mexico, 22 March 2007, ds; 4) same, vs; 5) O. nubis, paratype female, El Salvador, 28 December 1971, ds; 6) same, vs; 7) O. gala, holotype male, Veracruz, Mexico, ds, reproduced from photograph at MGCL; 8) same, vs; 9) O. gala, male, Michoacán, Mexico, 22 July 1996, ds; 10) same, vs; 11) O. gala, female, Michoacán, Mexico, 27 July 1996, ds; 12) same, vs; 13) O. brockorum, holotype male, Sonora, Mexico, 24 July 1997, ds; 14) same, vs; 15) O. brockorum, paratype female, Sonora, Mexico, 22 July 1985, ds; 16) same, vs; 17) O. nakamura, holotype male, Costa Rica, 13 June 2005, ds; 18) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5167727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5167727/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7-10</figureCitation>
) - mean forewing length =
<quantity id="4CE79BB02D4C856D3E7BFDF5259C1630" box="[870,973,515,539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="14.7">14.7 mm</quantity>
(14.0-
<quantity id="4CE79BB02D4C856D390AFDF522D21630" box="[1047,1155,515,539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="15.2">15.2 mm</quantity>
, n=10; from
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4C856D3808FDF523CD1630" box="[1301,1436,515,539]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30876C52D4C856D3DDDFDD527491610" box="[192,280,547,571]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Mexico</collectingCountry>
); forewing with pointed apex, termen slightly convex, no stigma or brand; hindwing convex, weakly lobate at tornus; dorsal forewing brown with golden iridescence; proximal 1/2 costa yellow-orange; sparse paler yellow-orange overscaling in base of discal cell and CuA 2 -2A; yellow-orange overscaling of flat and setiform scales in middle 1/2 of anal cell; opaque pale yellow-orange macules as follows: subapical in mid- R
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3DCEFD42268D16E9" attach="left" box="[211,220,692,706]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">3</subScript>
-R
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3DE4FD42275316E9" attach="left" box="[249,258,692,706]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">4</subScript>
and near bases of R
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3CE8FD4227AF16E9" attach="left" box="[501,510,692,706]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">4</subScript>
-R
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3F07FD45247216EA" attach="left" box="[538,547,691,705]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">5</subScript>
and R
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3F6CFD45242B16EA" attach="left" box="[625,634,691,705]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">5</subScript>
-M
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3F81FD4224F416E9" attach="left" box="[668,677,692,706]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1</subScript>
, more or less quadrate, all of about equal size, macule in R
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D386FFD42232A16E9" attach="left" box="[1394,1403,692,706]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">4</subScript>
-R
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D388AFD4523F116EA" attach="left" box="[1431,1440,691,705]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">5</subScript>
slightly offset proximad from other two, series more or less perpendicular to costa, an additional smaller macule in R 2 -R 3 on
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4C856D3CADFD12240716D0" box="[432,598,739,763]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
offset proximad from remainder of series; postmedial, M 3 -CuA 1, 1/3 distance from base, quadrate (but with concave distal edge); CuA 1 -CuA 2, curved (distal edge concave, proximal edge convex), largest, centered in mid-cell distad of origin of CuA 1, overlapping proximal 1/4 to 1/ 2 of macule in M 3 -CuA 1 and macule in CuA 2 -2A that is poorly developed as a dot (or absent) cephalad, more or less triangular caudad; macule in discal cell hourglass-shaped, about 1/4 distance from distal end (just proximad of origin of vein CuA 1);
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4C856D3F4DFC7224A517B0" box="[592,756,899,923]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
(of 36 examined) with small pale yellow-orange submarginal dot in each M
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3CB8FC4227FF17E9" attach="left" box="[421,430,948,962]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1</subScript>
-M
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3CCDFC42278817E9" attach="left" box="[464,473,948,962]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">2</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3F36FC42246517E9" attach="right" box="[555,564,948,962]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">2</subScript>
-M
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3F48FC42240F17E9" attach="left" box="[597,606,948,962]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">3</subScript>
; fringe brown proximad, gray distad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4C856D3DEDFC35221F1050" blockId="8.[192,1441,515,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
Dorsal hindwing brown with golden iridescence; proximal 2/3 overscaled with long brown and ochreous setiform scales caudad of vein Sc+R 1, extending nearly to termen along vein 2A; prominent opaque pale yellow-orange postmedial macules in Rs-M 1, M 1 -M 3, M 3 -CuA 1, and CuA 1 -CuA 2, these more or less quadrate, separated by brown veins, that in M 1 -M 3 divided by thin line of brown, that in Rs-M 1 variably offset proximad; vaguely defined pale yellow-orange macule at distal end of discal cell; fringe brown proximad, gray distad, becoming entirely white caudad of mid-cell CuA
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D390EFB82224D10A9" attach="left" box="[1043,1052,1140,1154]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">2</subScript>
-2A.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4C856D3DEDFB75274A1110" blockId="8.[192,1441,515,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
Ventral forewing dull brown; costa, apex, and outer margin cephalad of vein CuA 1 overscaled with yellow-orange giving olive-brown aspect, entirely filling costal, subcostal, radial, and medial cells, distad of macule in M
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3C72FB22272910C9" attach="left" box="[367,376,1236,1250]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">3</subScript>
-CuA
<subScript id="179B34102D4C856D3CAAFB2227EE10C9" attach="left" box="[439,447,1236,1250]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1</subScript>
, narrowing to vein 2A; anterior discal cell sparsely overscaled with orange, flat and setiform scales; posterior 1/2 of CuA 2 -2A (proximad of pale macule) and all of anal cell gray-brown; macules as on dorsum except macule in CuA 2 -2A often better developed than on dorsum cephalad and cream colored.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4C856D3DEDFAB523D51150" blockId="8.[192,1441,515,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Ventral hindwing entirely overscaled with yellow-orange giving olive-brown aspect except sparser on both sides of vein 2A, and as paler postmedial macules and a small macule at distal end of discal cell.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4C856D3DEDFA75224B12D0" blockId="8.[192,1441,515,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Dorsal head black with mixture of black, white, ochreous, and red-brown setiform scales, small white spots just behind antennae, white behind eye becoming ochreous ventrad; dorsal palpi mixture of black and ochreous setiform scales, pale ochreous on sides and venter, black on inner surface, 3rd segment black, barely extending beyond scales of 2nd segment; antennae 51% of costal length, shaft black on dorsum, checkered narrowly with whitish on venter, club 33% of length of shaft, dorsal club black, ventral club ochreous and yellow-orange, nudum red-brown becoming darker at tip, 12 (n=6), 13 (n=8), or 14 (n=3) segments; dorsal thorax ochreous with green iridescence especially centrally; ventral thorax ochreous; legs brown proximad, ochreous-brown distad with long ochreous setiform scales especially proximad, protibia not spined, red-brown epiphysis long, extending distad to overlap proximal portion of tarsus, mesotibia not spined, pair of spurs distad, outer about 3/4 length of inner, metatibia not spined, two pairs of spurs, outer about 3/4 length of inner; dorsal abdomen black, gray at segments, long olive setiform scales cephalad; ventral abdomen pale blue centrally, whitish laterally.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4C856C3DEDF8F5273715D0" blockId="8.[192,1441,515,1916]" lastBlockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
Genitalia (
<figureCitation id="13242AD02D4C856D3C6FF8F527991330" box="[370,456,1795,1819]" captionStart="Figure 63-66" captionStartId="35.[192,276,1215,1237]" captionTargetBox="[263,1362,195,1189]" captionTargetId="figure-293@35.[263,1362,192,1189]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 63-66. Male genitalia of Onespa (full data in text; shown are lateral view of uncus, gnathos, tegumen, and saccus; dorsal view of uncus and tegumen; ventral view of gnathos uncus; internal view of right valva; ventral view of saccus; ventral, dorsal, right lateral and/or left lateral views of aedeagus; scale bar = 1 mm). 63) O. nubis, El Salvador (SRS #4803); 64) O. brockorum, Sonora, Mexico, paratype (SRS #1852); 65) O. gala, Michoacán, Mexico (GTA #14065); 66) O. nakamura, Costa Rica, holotype (GTA #14033)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5167739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5167739/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13242AD02D4C856D3CCEF8F527A01330" box="[467,497,1795,1819]" captionStart="Figure 75-86" captionStartId="38.[192,276,1030,1052]" captionTargetBox="[447,1192,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure-298@38.[447,1192,193,1003]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 75-86. Rigid cornuti of Onespa, Buzyges, Librita, and Neposa (full data in text; shown are lateral and dorsal views). 75) O. nubis, El Salvador (SRS #4803); 76) O. gala, Michoacán, Mexico (GTA #14065); 77) O. brockorum, Sonora, Mexico, paratype (SRS #1852); 78) O. nakamura, Costa Rica, holotype (GTA #14033); 79) B. idothea, Costa Rica (ADW #97-102); 80) B. rolla, Costa Rica (GTA #14055); 81) B. benito, Oaxaca, Mexico (SRS #4468); 82) B. mellanaformis, Costa Rica, paratype (GTA #14031); 83) L. librita, Veracruz, Mexico (GTA #14135); 84) N. heras, Guerrero, Mexico (ADW #97-112); 85) N. armandoi, Oaxaca, Mexico, holotype (GTA #14143); 86) N. isabelae, Guatemala, paratype (ADW #98-15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5167749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5167749/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">76</figureCitation>
) - uncus short, hooked caudad in lateral view, entire and narrowing to weakly lobed caudal end in dorsal view; gnathos robust, well-separated from and shorter than uncus in lateral view, divided with arms slender, widely apart cephalad and approaching caudad in ventral view, slightly broader than uncus in middle; tegumen thin in lateral view, broad in dorsal view and flaring cephalad, ventral arm combining with dorsal arm of saccus, this combined structure broadest and bent ventrad of its middle; anterior arm of saccus long and thin, mostly straight but slightly upcurved cephalad, nearly 2 times length of uncus and dorsal portion of tegumen, narrow in ventral view and tapering gradually to pointed cephalic end; valva simple, no differentiation between costa and ampulla, latter produced dorsally to small pointed triangular process near juncture with harpe, harpe curved and produced caudad, interior surface with curved row of small and sharply pointed teeth, sacculus narrow, ventral edge of valva prominently concave in middle; aedeagus slightly curved caudad, tubular, long, about 1.7 times length of valva, caudal end slightly expanded, blunt, small triangular titillator on right side just cephalad of caudal end; vesica with cornuti including a flexible spinulose pad and a large heavily sclerotized and sharply pointed spike.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4D856C3DEDFDF523711790" blockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4D856C3DEDFDF527071630" bold="true" box="[240,342,515,539]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13242AD02D4D856C3C74FDF527B61630" box="[361,487,515,539]" captionStart="Figure 1-18" captionStartId="5.[192,276,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[233,1406,197,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[221,1418,189,1680]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 1-18. Onespa (full data in text; ds = dorsal surface, vs = ventral surface; scale bar = 10 mm). 1) O. nubis, holotype male, El Salvador, 25 March 1972, ds; 2) same, vs; 3) O. nubis, male, El Triunfo, Chiapas, Mexico, 22 March 2007, ds; 4) same, vs; 5) O. nubis, paratype female, El Salvador, 28 December 1971, ds; 6) same, vs; 7) O. gala, holotype male, Veracruz, Mexico, ds, reproduced from photograph at MGCL; 8) same, vs; 9) O. gala, male, Michoacán, Mexico, 22 July 1996, ds; 10) same, vs; 11) O. gala, female, Michoacán, Mexico, 27 July 1996, ds; 12) same, vs; 13) O. brockorum, holotype male, Sonora, Mexico, 24 July 1997, ds; 14) same, vs; 15) O. brockorum, paratype female, Sonora, Mexico, 22 July 1985, ds; 16) same, vs; 17) O. nakamura, holotype male, Costa Rica, 13 June 2005, ds; 18) same, vs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5167727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5167727/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Fig. 11-12</figureCitation>
) - mean forewing length = 16.0 mm (
<quantity id="4CE79BB02D4D856C3EDEFDF522201630" box="[963,1137,515,539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.595" metricValueMax="1.68" metricValueMin="1.51" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="15.95" valueMax="16.8" valueMin="15.1">15.1-16.8 mm</quantity>
, n=10; from
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4D856C380FFDF523CA1630" box="[1298,1435,515,539]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30876C52D4D856C3DDDFDD5274A1610" box="[192,283,547,571]" name="Mexico" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Mexico</collectingCountry>
); forewing with pointed apex, termen convex (more so than on male); hindwing convex (more so than on male), weakly lobate at tornus; dorsal forewing brown, duller than on male with faint iridescence; proximal 1/2 costa yellow-orange (deeper colored than on male); sparse yellow-orange (deeper colored than on male) overscaling in bases of discal cell and CuA 2 -2A; yellow-orange overscaling of flat and setiform scales in middle 1/2 of anal cell; opaque pale yellow-orange macules as follows: subapical in mid-R 3 -R 4 and near bases of R
<subScript id="179B34102D4D856C3C61FD2227D416C9" attach="left" box="[380,389,724,738]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">4</subScript>
-R
<subScript id="179B34102D4D856C3CBFFD2527FA16CA" attach="left" box="[418,427,723,737]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">5</subScript>
and R
<subScript id="179B34102D4D856C3CE6FD25245516CA" attach="left" box="[507,516,723,737]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">5</subScript>
-M
<subScript id="179B34102D4D856C3F3BFD22247E16C9" attach="left" box="[550,559,724,738]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
, more or less quadrate, increasing in size caudad, more or less aligned, series more or less perpendicular to costa; postmedial, M 3 -CuA 1, 1/3 distance from base, quadrate, distal caudal edge slightly extended distad cephalad of vein CuA 1; CuA 1 -CuA 2, quadrate or curved (distal edge concave, proximal edge convex), largest, distad of origin of CuA 1, not or barely overlapping proximal edge of macule in M 3 -CuA 1, overlapping macule in CuA 2 -2A that is poorly developed cephalad (usually an oblique streak), more or less triangular caudad; macule in discal cell hourglass-shaped, about 1/4 distance from distal end (proximad of origin of vein CuA 1);
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4D856C3E42FC75224017B0" box="[863,1041,899,923]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="generic">five specimens</specimenCount>
(of 27 examined) with small pale yellow-orange submarginal dot in each M
<subScript id="179B34102D4D856C3FADFC4224E817E9" attach="left" box="[688,697,948,962]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
-M
<subScript id="179B34102D4D856C3FC7FC4224B217E9" attach="left" box="[730,739,948,962]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
andM
<subScript id="179B34102D4D856C3E2DFC42256817E9" attach="left" box="[816,825,948,962]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
-M
<subScript id="179B34102D4D856C3E46FC42253517E9" attach="right" box="[859,868,948,962]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">3</subScript>
; fringe brown proximad, gray distad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4D856C3DEDFC35278310B0" blockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Dorsal hindwing brown without iridescence seen on male; proximal 2/3 overscaled with long ochreous and brown setiform scales caudad of vein Sc+R 1 nearly extending to termen along vein 2A; prominent opaque pale yellow-orange postmedial macules in Rs-M 1, M 1 -M 3, M 3 -CuA 1, and CuA 1 -CuA 2, these more or less quadrate, separated by brown veins, that in M 1 -M 3 divided by thin line of brown, that in Rs-M 1 offset proximad with distal edge at about center of macule in M 1 -M 3; vaguely defined pale yellow-orange macule occasionally at distal end of discal cell; fringe brown proximad, gray distad becoming entirely white distad caudad of mid-cell CuA</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4D856C3CCFFB62278A1089" blockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" box="[466,475,1172,1186]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">2</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4D856C3CC6FB75245D10B0" blockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" box="[475,524,1155,1179]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">-2A.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4D856C3DEDFB5526831150" blockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
Ventral forewing dull very dark brown, paler brown distad of postmedial macules and in anal cell; costa, apex, and outer margin cephalad of vein CuA 1 overscaled with yellow-orange giving olive-brown aspect, entirely filling costal, subcostal, radial, and medial cells, distad of macule in M 3 -CuA 1, narrowing to vein CuA
<subScript id="179B34102D4D856C3C53FAE227061109" attach="left" box="[334,343,1300,1314]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
; anterior discal cell sparsely overscaled with orange setiform scales; macules as on dorsum except macule in CuA 2 -2A better developed cephalad and cream color, faint additional subapical macule in R 2 -R 3 on
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4D856C3C35FAB227981170" box="[296,457,1347,1371]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
(of 27), offset proximad so that distal edge aligned with proximal edge of macule in R
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4D856C3DCFFA82268B11A9" blockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" box="[210,218,1396,1410]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">3</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4D856C3DC6FA9226A41150" blockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" box="[219,245,1380,1403]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">-R</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4D856C3DE9FA8226AD11A9" blockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" box="[244,252,1396,1410]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">4</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4D856C3DE1FA9227521150" blockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" box="[252,259,1380,1403]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4D856C3DEDFA7527DD11F0" blockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Ventral hindwing entirely overscaled with yellow-orange giving olive-brown aspect except sparser on both sides of vein 2A, and as pale yellow-orange postmedial macules and a small vague macule at distal end of discal cell.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4D856C3DEDFA1527A71350" blockId="9.[192,1441,195,1915]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Dorsal head black with mixture of black, white, and ochreous setiform scales, some with greenish iridescence, white spots just behind antennae, white behind eye becoming ochreous ventrad; dorsal palpi mixture of black and ochreous setiform scales, pale ochreous on sides and venter, black on inner surface, 3rd segment black, barely extending beyond scales of 2nd segment; antennae 50% of costal length, shaft black on dorsum, checkered broadly with whitish on venter, club 34% of length of shaft, dorsal club black, ventral club white and pale ochreous, nudum red-brown becoming darker at tip, 12 (n=3) or 13 (n=3) segments; dorsal thorax ochreous with green iridescence especially centrally; ventral thorax ochreous and pale blue; legs brown proximad, ochreous-brown distad with long ochreous and pale blue setiform scales especially proximad, protibia not spined, red-brown epiphysis long, extending distad to overlap proximal portion of tarsus, mesotibia not spined, pair of spurs distad, outer about 1/2 length of inner, metatibia not spined, two pairs of spurs, outer about 1/2 length of inner; dorsal abdomen black, gray at segments, long olive setiform scales cephalad; ventral abdomen pale blue centrally becoming pale yellow caudad, whitish laterally.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4E856F3DEDFF35230815B0" blockId="10.[192,1440,195,411]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
Genitalia (
<figureCitation id="13242AD02D4E856F3C6EFF35279914F0" box="[371,456,195,219]" captionStart="Figure 87-89" captionStartId="39.[192,276,839,861]" captionTargetBox="[247,1382,195,833]" captionTargetId="figure-378@39.[247,1388,195,836]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 87-89. Female genitalia of Onespa (shown are left lateral and ventral views; scale bar = 1 mm). 87) O. nubis, Oaxaca, Mexico (GTA #14056); 88) O. gala, Michoacán, Mexico (GTA #14067); 89) O. brockorum, Sinaloa, Mexico, paratype (SRS #4453)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5167751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5167751/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 88</figureCitation>
) - lamellae subquadrate, caudal edge of lamella postvaginalis excavate centrally into relatively broad and shallow V-shape, lamella antevaginalis narrower than lamella postvaginalis, excavate centrally, ostium bursae about twice as broad as deep; ductus bursae long (
<quantity id="4CE79BB02D4E856F39D4FEF523741530" box="[1225,1317,259,283]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
including antrum), relatively straight (ventral and lateral views) antrum that is complexly sclerotized as a number of apparent longitudinal plates, ductus bursae cephalad expanded asymmetrically, horizontally wrinkled, largely membranous, but with some sclerotization especially as conspicuous left lateral pouch-like structure; corpus bursae elongate, about 2 times as long as broad, indistinctly wrinkled longitudinally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4E856F3DDDFE3527751710" blockId="10.[192,1441,451,827]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3DDDFE3527BD15F0" bold="true" box="[192,492,451,475]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B773C082D4E856F3CEEFE35251715F0" box="[499,838,451,475]" country="Mexico" location="Distrito Federal" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Distrito Federal">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3CEEFE35242515F0" bold="true" box="[499,628,451,475]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<collectingCountry id="F30876C52D4E856F3CEEFE35243E15F0" box="[499,623,451,475]" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3F66FE35251715F0" box="[635,838,451,475]" country="Mexico" name="Distrito Federal" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Distrito Federal</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B773C082D4E856F3E4CFE3522E01630" collectingDate="1983-06-01" collectingDateMax="1983-06-29" collectingDateMin="1983-06-01" collectionCode="MZFC" collectorName="A. Luis-Martinez" country="Canada" county="Delegacion Magdalena Contreras" location="Dinamo" municipality="Magdalena Contreras" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Distrito Federal">
<collectingCounty id="62C14ED92D4E856F3E4CFE3522A015F0" box="[849,1265,451,475]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Delegación Magdalena Contreras</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30876C52D4E856F39E3FE35230F15F0" box="[1278,1374,451,475]" name="Canada" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Cañada</collectingCountry>
de la
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4AC2F2D4E856F3DDDFE15278315D0" box="[192,466,483,507]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Magdalena Contreras</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EC0608E2D4E856F3CFDFE15241315D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687432D4C856E3DDDFEB325D31570:8EC0608E2D4E856F3CFDFE15241315D0" box="[480,578,483,507]" country="Canada" county="Delegacion Magdalena Contreras" municipality="Magdalena Contreras" name="Dinamo" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Dinamo</location>
1, 2670m,
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F3FD0FE15253815D0" box="[717,873,483,507]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1983-06-01">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F3FD0FE15253815D0" box="[717,873,483,507]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1983-06-01">1 June 1983</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3E6AFE1525CB15D0" box="[887,922,483,507]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">leg</emphasis>
.
<collectorName id="26EA53832D4E856F3EB7FE1522D015D0" box="[938,1153,483,507]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">A. Luis-Martínez</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3988FE1522BB15D0" box="[1173,1258,483,507]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F39EAFE15231B15D0" box="[1271,1354,483,507]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia &amp;quot;Alfonso L. Herrera&amp;quot;" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">MZFC</collectionCode>
), same locality and collector,
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F3CD1FDF5243E1630" box="[460,623,515,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1983-06-28">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F3CD1FDF5243E1630" box="[460,623,515,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1983-06-28">28 June 1983</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3F9DFDF524821630" box="[640,723,515,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F3FC3FDF525601630" box="[734,817,515,539]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia &amp;quot;Alfonso L. Herrera&amp;quot;" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">MZFC</collectionCode>
),
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F3E5EFDF525B61630" box="[835,999,515,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1983-06-29">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F3E5EFDF525B61630" box="[835,999,515,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1983-06-29">29 June 1983</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3EE5FDF5221A1630" box="[1016,1099,515,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F3948FDF522F91630" box="[1109,1192,515,539]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia &amp;quot;Alfonso L. Herrera&amp;quot;" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">MZFC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B773C082D4E856F39A6FDF525731670" collectingDate="1992-07-09" collectingDateMax="1993-06-24" collectingDateMin="1992-07-09" collectionCode="MHNM" collectorName="N. Figueroa" country="Canada" county="Delegacion Magdalena Contreras" location="Secc. del Bosque de Chapultepec" municipality="Delegacion Miguel" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Hidalgo">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4AC2F2D4E856F39A6FDF523F11630" box="[1211,1440,515,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Delegación Miguel</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3DDDFDD527751610" box="[192,292,547,571]" country="Mexico" name="Hidalgo" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Hidalgo</collectingRegion>
, 3ra.
<location id="8EC0608E2D4E856F3C7BFDD524A41610" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687432D4C856E3DDDFEB325D31570:8EC0608E2D4E856F3C7BFDD524A41610" box="[358,757,547,571]" municipality="Delegacion Miguel" name="Secc. del Bosque de Chapultepec" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" stateProvince="Hidalgo">Secc. del Bosque de Chapultepec</location>
,
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F3FE2FDD525F51610" box="[767,932,547,571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1993-06-24">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F3FE2FDD525F51610" box="[767,932,547,571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1993-06-24">24 June 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3EB3FDD525881610" box="[942,985,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">leg.</emphasis>
<collectorName id="26EA53832D4E856F3EC2FDD222201610" box="[991,1137,547,571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">N. Figueroa</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F399DFDD522B11610" box="[1152,1248,547,571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F39F6FDD5231F1610" box="[1259,1358,547,571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">MHNM</collectionCode>
), same locality and collector,
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F3CD9FDB5241F1670" box="[452,590,579,603]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1992-07-09">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F3CD9FDB5241F1670" box="[452,590,579,603]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1992-07-09">9 July 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3F43FDB524FE1670" box="[606,687,579,603]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F3FA5FDB5254B1670" box="[696,794,579,603]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">MHNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B773C082D4E856F3E31FDB525251650" collectingDate="1985-07-03" collectionCode="MZFC" collectorName="I. Vargas" country="Mexico" county="Mpio. Chilpancingo" location="Hortiguillas" municipality="Omiltemi" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Guerrero">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3E31FDB525F51670" bold="true" box="[812,932,579,603]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<collectingCountry id="F30876C52D4E856F3E31FDB525F51670" box="[812,932,579,603]" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3EADFDB522731670" box="[944,1058,579,603]" country="Mexico" name="Guerrero" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Guerrero</collectingRegion>
;
<collectingCounty id="62C14ED92D4E856F3931FDB5234A1670" box="[1068,1307,579,603]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Mpio. Chilpancingo</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4AC2F2D4E856F3838FDB523CD1670" box="[1317,1436,579,603]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Omiltemi</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EC0608E2D4E856F3DDDFD9527091650" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687432D4C856E3DDDFEB325D31570:8EC0608E2D4E856F3DDDFD9527091650" box="[192,344,611,635]" country="Mexico" county="Mpio. Chilpancingo" municipality="Omiltemi" name="Hortiguillas" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" stateProvince="Guerrero">Hortiguillas</location>
,
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F3C7FFD9527BE1650" box="[354,495,611,635]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1985-07-03">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F3C7FFD9527BE1650" box="[354,495,611,635]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1985-07-03">3 July 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3CE4FD95244D1650" box="[505,540,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">leg</emphasis>
.
<collectorName id="26EA53832D4E856F3F34FD9224C61657" box="[553,663,612,636]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">I. Vargas</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3FB5FD95255E1650" box="[680,783,611,635]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F3E04FD95253A1650" box="[793,875,611,635]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia &amp;quot;Alfonso L. Herrera&amp;quot;" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">MZFC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B773C082D4E856F3E60FD95247916B0" collectingDate="1985-08-05" collectionCode="MZFC" collectorName="I. Vargas" country="Mexico" location="Cueva del Borrego" municipality="Omiltemi" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guerrero">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4AC2F2D4E856F3E60FD9525A41650" box="[893,1013,611,635]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Omiltemi</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EC0608E2D4E856F3EE2FD9522B01657" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687432D4C856E3DDDFEB325D31570:8EC0608E2D4E856F3EE2FD9522B01657" box="[1023,1249,611,636]" country="Mexico" municipality="Omiltemi" name="Cueva del Borrego" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" stateProvince="Guerrero">Cueva del Borrego</location>
,
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F39F6FD9523CA1650" box="[1259,1435,611,635]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1985-08-05">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F39F6FD9523CA1650" box="[1259,1435,611,635]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1985-08-05">5 August 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3DDDFD7526B216B0" box="[192,227,643,667]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">leg</emphasis>
.
<collectorName id="26EA53832D4E856F3DEDFD72273116B7" box="[240,352,644,668]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">I. Vargas</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3C6CFD75279316B0" box="[369,450,643,667]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F3CD0FD75247116B0" box="[461,544,643,667]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia &amp;quot;Alfonso L. Herrera&amp;quot;" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">MZFC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B773C082D4E856F3F2FFD7525BC1690" collectingDate="1996-07-22" collectionCode="ADWC" collectorName="A. D. Warren" country="Mexico" elevation="2200" location="Cerro de la Cruz" municipality="Mpio. Uruapan" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="GTA #14067" specimenCount="18" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-male="10" stateProvince="Michoacan de Ocampo">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3F2FFD7524E316B0" bold="true" box="[562,690,643,667]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<collectingCountry id="F30876C52D4E856F3F2FFD7524FC16B0" box="[562,685,643,667]" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3FA5FD75251116B0" box="[696,832,643,667]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4AC2F2D4E856F3E57FD75225916B0" box="[842,1032,643,667]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Mpio. Uruapan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EC0608E2D4E856F390FFD75228D16B0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687432D4C856E3DDDFEB325D31570:8EC0608E2D4E856F390FFD75228D16B0" box="[1042,1244,643,667]" country="Mexico" municipality="Mpio. Uruapan" name="Cerro de la Cruz" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" stateProvince="Michoacan de Ocampo">Cerro de la Cruz</location>
,
<quantity id="4CE79BB02D4E856F39FBFD75236D16B0" box="[1254,1340,643,667]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation id="0032D1662D4E856F39FBFD75236D16B0" box="[1254,1340,643,667]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F385AFD7526AF1690" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1996-07-22">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F385AFD7526AF1690" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1996-07-22">22 July 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3C14FD5527621690" box="[265,307,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">leg.</emphasis>
<collectorName id="26EA53832D4E856F3C24FD55278A1690" box="[313,475,675,699]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">A. D. Warren</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3CF4FD5524081690" box="[489,601,675,699]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">10 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3F7EFD55248B1690" box="[611,730,675,699]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="female">8 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="DBB99E2E2D4E856F3FF9FD5525D11690" box="[740,896,675,699]" collectionCode="GTA" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">GTA #14067</specimenCode>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F3E96FD5525B41690" box="[907,997,675,699]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">ADWC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B773C082D4E856F3EEAFD5225171730" collectingDate="1991-08-24" collectingDateMax="1997-08-29" collectingDateMin="1991-08-24" collectionCode="ADWC" collectorName="A. D. Warren &amp; L. Gonzalez-Cota" country="Mexico" elevation="2200" location="Cerro de la Cruz" municipality="Mpio. Uruapan" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="GTA #14066, GTA #14065, GTA #14068" specimenCount="31" specimenCount-female="12" specimenCount-male="19" stateProvince="Michoacan de Ocampo">
same locality and collector,
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F385BFD5526AF16F0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1996-07-23">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F385BFD5526AF16F0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1996-07-23">23 July 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3C15FD35276316F0" box="[264,306,707,731]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">leg.</emphasis>
<collectorName id="26EA53832D4E856F3C2AFD35278716F0" box="[311,470,707,731]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">A. D. Warren</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3CF8FD35241216F0" box="[485,579,707,731]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="DBB99E2E2D4E856F3F50FD3524B916F0" box="[589,744,707,731]" collectionCode="GTA" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">GTA #14066</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3FECFD35253616F0" box="[753,871,707,731]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F3E6DFD35259816F0" box="[880,969,707,731]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">ADWC</collectionCode>
),
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F3EC6FD35222616F0" box="[987,1143,707,731]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1996-07-27">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F3EC6FD35222616F0" box="[987,1143,707,731]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1996-07-27">27 July 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
, (
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3997FD3522A616F0" box="[1162,1271,707,731]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">11 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="DBB99E2E2D4E856F381CFD3523CA16F0" box="[1281,1435,707,731]" collectionCode="GTA" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">GTA #14065</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3DDDFD15276716D0" box="[192,310,739,763]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="female">9 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="DBB99E2E2D4E856F3C5DFD15278A16D0" box="[320,475,739,763]" collectionCode="GTA" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">GTA #14068</specimenCode>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F3CF8FD15246E16D0" box="[485,575,739,763]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">ADWC</collectionCode>
),
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F3F4DFD15255E16D0" box="[592,783,739,763]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1991-08-24">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F3F4DFD15255E16D0" box="[592,783,739,763]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1991-08-24">24 August 1991</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3E04FD15251516D0" box="[793,836,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">leg.</emphasis>
<collectorName id="26EA53832D4E856F3E54FD12224A16D0" box="[841,1051,739,763]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">L. González-Cota</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3934FD1522D816D0" box="[1065,1161,739,763]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
, ADW #95-77;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F3827FD1523C516D0" box="[1338,1428,739,763]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">ADWC</collectionCode>
),
<date id="FFA110952D4E856F3DDDFCF527D71730" box="[192,390,771,795]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1997-08-29">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E97D2D4E856F3DDDFCF527D71730" box="[192,390,771,795]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="1997-08-29">29 August 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3C89FCF527EE1730" box="[404,447,771,795]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">leg.</emphasis>
<collectorName id="26EA53832D4E856F3CDAFCF5243F1730" box="[455,622,771,795]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">A. D. Warren</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D19FDDC2D4E856F3F9FFCF524861730" box="[642,727,771,795]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F3FF9FCF5256E1730" box="[740,831,771,795]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">ADWC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B773C082D4E856F3E4EFCF527711710" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Las Vigas" country="Mexico" location="Veracruz" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3E4EFCF525821730" bold="true" box="[851,979,771,795]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<collectingCountry id="F30876C52D4E856F3E4EFCF5259E1730" box="[851,975,771,795]" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3EC1FCF222011730" box="[988,1104,772,795]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
;
<collectorName id="26EA53832D4E856F3940FCF222881730" box="[1117,1241,771,795]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Las Vigas</collectorName>
(
<typeStatus id="54A488F72D4E856F39F4FCF523051730" box="[1257,1364,771,795]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE902D4E856F3DDDFCD527491710" box="[192,280,803,827]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30565DE2D4E856F3DDDFC9522A31130" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4E856F3DDDFC9522651070" blockId="10.[192,1440,867,1116]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3DDDFC9524101750" bold="true" box="[192,577,867,891]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Distribution and phenology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3F5BFC92248C1750" authorityName="Austin &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Godman" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[582,733,867,891]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Onespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3F5BFC92248C1750" box="[582,733,867,891]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Onespa gala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in the Eje Neovolcanico and Sierra Madre del Sur of south-central
<collectingCountry id="F30876C52D4E856F3C7EFC7527EB17B0" box="[355,442,899,923]" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, being recorded with certainty only from
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3E8EFC72225117B0" box="[915,1024,900,923]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
(Las Vigas;
<typeStatus id="54A488F72D4E856F3996FC7522A117B0" box="[1163,1264,899,923]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male),
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3859FC7527711790" country="Mexico" name="Distrito Federal" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Distrito Federal</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3C37FC5527E11790" box="[298,432,931,955]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3CF1FC55240F1790" box="[492,606,931,955]" country="Mexico" name="Guerrero" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Guerrero</collectingRegion>
; records span the period from early June to late August. In
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F380BFC5523CD1790" box="[1302,1436,931,955]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3DDDFC32274717F0" authorityName="Austin &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Godman" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[192,278,963,987]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Onespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3DDDFC32274717F0" box="[192,278,963,987]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">O. gala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been found only on Cerro de la Cruz, Municipio Uruapan, despite intensive searches elsewhere in the northwestern part of the state. The reported occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3EF4FC12221217D0" authorityName="Austin &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Godman" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1001,1091,995,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Onespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3EF4FC12221217D0" box="[1001,1091,995,1019]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">O. gala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F30876C52D4E856F3977FC1522AC17D0" box="[1130,1277,995,1019]" name="El Salvador" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
has yet to be confirmed (
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3C5BFBF2273F1030" box="[326,366,1028,1051]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">e.g.</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3C67FBF524011030" author="Steinhauser, S. R." box="[378,592,1027,1051]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref47776" refString="Steinhauser, S. R. 1975. An annotated list of the Hesperiidae of El Salvador. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 29: 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1975">Steinhauser 1975</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3F7DFBF525C71030" author="Stanford, R. E. &amp; P. A. Opler" box="[608,918,1027,1051]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref47695" refString="Stanford, R. E., and P. A. Opler. 1993. Atlas of western USA butterflies, including adjacent parts of Canada and Mexico. Published by authors; Denver and Fort Collins, Colorado. 275 p." type="book" year="1993">Stanford and Opler (1993)</bibRefCitation>
reported this species (as
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F39A1FBF5230B1030" box="[1212,1370,1027,1051]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Mellana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F39A1FBF5230B1030" box="[1212,1370,1027,1051]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Mellana gala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) from
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3DDDFBD5274D1010" box="[192,284,1059,1083]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3C48FBD227931017" box="[341,450,1060,1084]" country="Mexico" name="Durango" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Durango</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30876C52D4E856F3CD1FBD524771010" box="[460,550,1059,1083]" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. Their record from
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3E1AFBD525321010" box="[775,867,1059,1083]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
undoubtedly refers to the following species, and their record from
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3C89FBB224511077" box="[404,512,1092,1116]" country="Mexico" name="Durango" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Durango</collectingRegion>
(details not available) most likely does as well.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4E856F3DDDFB7522A31130" blockId="10.[192,1440,1155,1307]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3DDDFB7527CE10B0" bold="true" box="[192,415,1155,1179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Biological notes.</emphasis>
On Cerro de la Cruz,
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3F83FB75257010B0" box="[670,801,1155,1179]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
(the foot of which is occupied by urban Uruapan), this species is common in late July, from
<quantity id="4CE79BB02D4E856F3F9EFB55256F1090" box="[643,830,1187,1211]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="2100.0" valueMax="2300.0" valueMin="1900.0">1900 to 2300 m</quantity>
(most abundant around
<quantity id="4CE79BB02D4E856F3972FB55229A1090" box="[1135,1227,1187,1211]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
), in steep, grassy areas between pines, and adults visit a number of flowers for nectar, especially an undetermined species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3DC6FB15277B10D0" box="[219,298,1251,1275]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3DC6FB15277B10D0" box="[219,298,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Salvia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3C48FB15278D10D0" box="[341,476,1251,1275]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
). One or more of several grass species (
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3EBEFB15225710D0" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[931,1030,1251,1275]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
) on Cerro de la Cruz are suspected to serve as larval foodplants; no
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3F59FAF524EF1130" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1822" box="[580,702,1283,1307]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3F59FAF524EF1130" box="[580,702,1283,1307]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Chusquea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was observed in the habitat (ADW, pers. obs.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30565DE2D4E856E3DDDFAB525D31570" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4E856F3DDDFAB524BF12D0" blockId="10.[192,1441,1347,1915]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3DDDFAB5270F1170" bold="true" box="[192,350,1347,1371]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3C79FAB224581170" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[356,521,1347,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Atrytone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3C79FAB224581170" box="[356,521,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Atrytone gala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has long been an unknown species, until recently perhaps known only from its
<typeStatus id="54A488F72D4E856F3DF8FA9527031150" box="[229,338,1379,1403]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Although its wings were illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3E28FA9522241150" author="Godman, F. D. &amp; O. Salvin" box="[821,1141,1379,1403]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref46243" refString="Godman, F. D., and O. Salvin. 1879 - 1901. Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Lepidoptera- Rhopalocera. London: Delau. 1229 p." type="book" year="1879">Godman and Salvin (1879</bibRefCitation>
-1901), its genitalia have not been portrayed or described and its placement among hesperiines has had no stability, floating from one genus to another without solid justification.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3FE0FA5225CB1190" author="Evans, W. H." box="[765,922,1443,1467]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref46128" refString="Evans, W. H. 1955. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part IV (groups H to P), Hesperiinae and Megathyminae. British Museum (Natural History): London. 499 p." type="book" year="1955">Evans (1955)</bibRefCitation>
obviously did not examine the species since he questioningly synonymized it with the very different
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3E7FFA35229711F0" authority="(Plotz, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Plotz" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[866,1222,1475,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Mellana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monica">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3E7FFA35227711F0" box="[866,1062,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Mellana monica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F392EFA3522EC11F0" author="Plotz, C." box="[1075,1213,1475,1499]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="83 - 117" refId="ref47552" refString="Plotz, C. 1886. Nachtrag und Berichtgungen zu den Hesperiinen. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 47: 83 - 117." type="journal article" year="1886">Plötz, 1886</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; that taxon is now synonymized with
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3CBAFA15220611D0" authority="(Mabille, 1883) (Burns 1994 b)" authorityName="Burns" authorityYear="1994" baseAuthorityName="Mabille" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[423,1111,1507,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Quasimellana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicomedes">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3CBAFA15248D11D0" box="[423,732,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Quasimellana nicomedes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3FF6FA1525C211D0" author="Mabille, P." box="[747,915,1507,1531]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref46861" refString="Mabille, P. 1883. Description d'hesperies. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique 27: li-lxxviii." type="book" year="1883">Mabille, 1883</bibRefCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3EB6FA15221F11D0" author="Burns, J. M." box="[939,1102,1507,1531]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="273 - 337" refId="ref45436" refString="Burns, J. M. 1994 b. Genitalia at the generic level: Atrytone restricted, Anatrytone resurrected, new genus Quasimellana - and yes! we have no Mellana s (Hesperiidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 48: 273 - 337." type="journal article" year="1994">Burns 1994b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The error of Evans’ (1955) synonymy was noted by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3CFBF9F5249E1230" author="Steinhauser, S. R." box="[486,719,1539,1563]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref47776" refString="Steinhauser, S. R. 1975. An annotated list of the Hesperiidae of El Salvador. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 29: 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1975">Steinhauser (1975)</bibRefCitation>
who retained
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3E61F9F225831230" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[892,978,1539,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Atrytone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3E61F9F225831230" box="[892,978,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">A. gala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3EE8F9F5234E1230" authority="Hayward, 1948" authorityName="Hayward" authorityYear="1948" box="[1013,1311,1539,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Mellana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3EE8F9F5220A1230" box="[1013,1115,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Mellana</emphasis>
Hayward, 1948
</taxonomicName>
, but at the species-level.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3C77F9D2244B1210" author="Burns, J. M." box="[362,538,1571,1595]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="273 - 337" refId="ref45436" refString="Burns, J. M. 1994 b. Genitalia at the generic level: Atrytone restricted, Anatrytone resurrected, new genus Quasimellana - and yes! we have no Mellana s (Hesperiidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 48: 273 - 337." type="journal article" year="1994">Burns (1994b)</bibRefCitation>
noted that
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3FB7F9D225501210" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[682,769,1571,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Atrytone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3FB7F9D225501210" box="[682,769,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">A. gala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not congeneric with the many species included in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3DDDF9B527751270" authorityName="Hayward" authorityYear="1948" box="[192,292,1603,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Mellana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3DDDF9B527751270" box="[192,292,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Mellana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3C56F9B227BB1270" author="Evans, W. H." box="[331,490,1603,1627]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref46128" refString="Evans, W. H. 1955. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part IV (groups H to P), Hesperiinae and Megathyminae. British Museum (Natural History): London. 499 p." type="book" year="1955">Evans (1955)</bibRefCitation>
, but did not elaborate further.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3E4CF9B522EF1270" author="Mielke, O. H. H. &amp; M. M. Casagrande" box="[849,1214,1603,1627]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="27 - 76" refId="ref47361" refString="Mielke, O. H. H., and M. M. Casagrande. 2002. Notas taxonomicas em Hesperiidae neotropicais, com descricoes de novos taxa (Lepidoptera). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 19 (supl. 1): 27 - 76." type="journal article" year="2002">Mielke and Casagrande (2002)</bibRefCitation>
, upon examination of the type of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3C7AF99227EF1250" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[359,446,1635,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Atrytone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3C7AF99227EF1250" box="[359,446,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">A. gala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, placed the taxon in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3FDDF99222401250" authority="Godman, 1900" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[704,1041,1635,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Paratrytone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3FDDF99225021250" box="[704,851,1636,1659]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Paratrytone</emphasis>
Godman, 1900
</taxonomicName>
, without further comment. That placement is curious since
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3F11F972243212B0" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[524,611,1667,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Atrytone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3F11F972243212B0" box="[524,611,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">A. gala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not particularly resemble any species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3981F972237E12B0" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[1180,1327,1668,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Paratrytone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3981F972237E12B0" box="[1180,1327,1668,1691]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Paratrytone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and that genus has a well-developed stigma (
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3F6FF95224CA1290" box="[626,667,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">e.g.</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3FB5F95225191290" author="Burns, J. M." box="[680,840,1699,1723]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref45324" refString="Burns, J. M. 1992 a. Genitalic recasting of Poanes and Paratrytone (Hesperiidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 46: 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1992">Burns 1992a</bibRefCitation>
). Males from
<collectingRegion id="49DBF8B72D4E856F3EF4F95522201290" box="[1001,1137,1699,1723]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
, compared with the
<typeStatus id="54A488F72D4E856F3879F95526A712F7" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and its genitalia by the junior author, were found to be indistinguishable from that specimen as illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4BA42D4E856F3C7EF91524CF12D0" author="Godman, F. D. &amp; O. Salvin" box="[355,670,1763,1787]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref46243" refString="Godman, F. D., and O. Salvin. 1879 - 1901. Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Lepidoptera- Rhopalocera. London: Delau. 1229 p." type="book" year="1879">Godman and Salvin (1879</bibRefCitation>
-1901).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036552D4E856E3DEDF8F225D31570" blockId="10.[192,1441,1347,1915]" lastBlockId="11.[192,1441,195,347]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
In the absence of a stigma on males, the lack of tibial spines, and other superficial characters,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3827F8F226A41310" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Atrytone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3827F8F226A41310" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Atrytone gala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is embraced within the description of
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F3FA7F8D2254D1310" box="[698,796,1828,1851]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F3FA7F8D225491310" authorityName="Steinhauser" authorityYear="1974" box="[698,792,1828,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Onespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Onespa</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
On males, the undivided uncus, divided gnathos, long and thin saccus, simple valvae with a short dorsal projection near the juncture of the ampulla and harpe, and a long aedeagus with spike-like and flexible cornuti are similar to structures seen on
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4E856F39E9F89223C91350" authorityName="Steinhasuser" authorityYear="1974" box="[1268,1432,1891,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Onespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubis">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4E856F39E9F89223C91350" box="[1268,1432,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Onespa nubis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Female genitalia likewise resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4F856E3FCAFF32256C14F0" authorityName="Steinhasuser" authorityYear="1974" box="[727,829,195,219]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Onespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubis">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4F856E3FCAFF32256C14F0" box="[727,829,195,219]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">O. nubis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with relatively broad lamellae, an elongate sclerotized antrum, and an asymmetrical cephalic portion of the ductus bursae with a sclerotized pouch-like structure. This combination of genital characters is not observed in any other genus of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4F856E39C8FEF5233A1530" box="[1237,1387,259,283]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hesperiinae">Hesperiinae</taxonomicName>
(see general discussion below). Genital morphology of both sexes thus strongly supports the inclusion of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4F856E389BFED226A71570" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Atrytone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gala">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4F856E389BFED226A71570" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">A. gala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4DD62D4F856E3C04FEB227251570" authorityName="Steinhauser" authorityYear="1974" box="[281,372,324,347]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Onespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEA472D4F856E3C04FEB227251570" box="[281,372,324,347]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Onespa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and this new combination is here proposed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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