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<mods:title id="BACB5C5412D4B8DB6D80AC9EE487E772">Species groups in the genus Cubitermes (Isoptera: Termitidae) defined on the basis of enteric valve morphology</mods:title>
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Genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FD70FDA7FC1CB081" ID-CoL="8NQF5" authority="Wasmann, 1906" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityYear="1906" box="[668,1002,613,640]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FD70FDA7FCD1B081" bold="true" box="[668,807,613,640]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cubitermes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FCC1FDA4FC1CB081" author="Wasmann E." box="[813,1002,614,640]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="565 - 580" refId="ref33208" refString="Wasmann E. 1906. Beispiele rezenter Artenbildung bei Ameisengasten und Termitengasten. Biologisches Centralblatt 26 (17 - 18): 565 - 580." type="journal article" year="1906">Wasmann, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FF51FD6BFDB1B0C2" ID-CoL="8NQF5" authority="Wasmann, 1906: 573" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityPageNumber="573" authorityYear="1906" box="[189,583,680,707]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FF51FD6BFEB2B0C2" box="[189,324,681,707]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cubitermes</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA51098FFB8FFD5FEA7FD6BFDB1B0C2" author="Wasmann E." box="[331,583,680,707]" page="573" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FEA7FD6BFDFAB0C3" author="Wasmann E." box="[331,524,680,707]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="565 - 580" refId="ref33208" refString="Wasmann E. 1906. Beispiele rezenter Artenbildung bei Ameisengasten und Termitengasten. Biologisches Centralblatt 26 (17 - 18): 565 - 580." type="journal article" year="1906">Wasmann, 1906</bibRefCitation>
: 573
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</taxonomicName>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB8FFD5FF51FD2EFC13B14E" blockId="22.[189,1399,747,848]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1411A7FFB8FFD5FF51FD2EFC13B14E" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FF51FD2EFEAAB104" box="[189,348,748,774]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FF51FD2EFEB2B107" ID-CoL="8NQF5" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityYear="1906" box="[189,324,748,774]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cubitermes</taxonomicName>
–
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA51098FFB8FFD5FE8FFD2EFDA3B107" author="Wasmann E." box="[355,597,748,774]" page="149" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1911">
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FE8FFD2EFDEBB107" author="Wasmann E." box="[355,541,748,774]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="91 - 117" refId="ref33234" refString="Wasmann E. 1911. Zur Kenntnis der Termiten und Termitengaste vom Belgischen Congo. Revue de Zoologique Africaine 1 (1 - 2): 91 - 117 &amp; 145 - 176." type="journal article" year="1911">Wasmann 1911</bibRefCitation>
: 149
</treatmentCitation>
(original description).— 
<treatmentCitation id="0AA51098FFB8FFD5FC6FFD29FB8CB104" author="Holmgren N." box="[899,1146,747,774]" page="286" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FC6FFD29FBB7B107" author="Holmgren N." box="[899,1089,747,774]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="284 - 286" refId="ref31898" refString="Holmgren N. 1910. Das System der Termiten. Zoologischer Anzeiger 35 (9 - 10): 284 - 286." type="journal article" year="1910">Holmgren 1910</bibRefCitation>
: 286
</treatmentCitation>
and 
<treatmentCitation id="0AA51098FFB8FFD5FB58FD29FEE0B12B" author="Holmgren N." page="107" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1912">
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FB58FD29FA85B107" author="Holmgren N." box="[1204,1395,747,774]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 166" refId="ref31921" refString="Holmgren N. 1912. Termitenstudien. 3. Systematik der Termiten. Die Familie Metatermitidae. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar 48 (4): 1 - 166." type="journal article" year="1912">Holmgren 1912</bibRefCitation>
: 107
</treatmentCitation>
(as a subgenus of 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FE05FCD3FD87B12B" authorityName="Wasmann" authorityYear="1897" box="[489,625,785,810]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Mirotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FE05FCD3FD87B12B" box="[489,625,785,810]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Mirotermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AA51098FFB8FFD5FD47FCD3FC78B12A" author="Emerson A. E." box="[683,910,784,811]" page="506" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1928">
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FD47FCD3FCAFB12B" author="Emerson A. E." box="[683,857,784,811]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="401 - 574" refId="ref31478" refString="Emerson A. E. 1928. Termites of the Belgian Congo and the Cameroon. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 57 (7): 401 - 574." type="journal article" year="1928">Emerson 1928</bibRefCitation>
: 506
</treatmentCitation>
(as a subgenus of 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FB8DFCD3FB1FB12B" authorityName="Wasmann" authorityYear="1897" box="[1121,1257,785,810]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Mirotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FB8DFCD3FB1FB12B" box="[1121,1257,785,810]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Mirotermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AA51098FFB8FFD5FACFFCD2FE96B151" author="Snyder T. E." page="155" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1949">
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FACFFCD2FEDFB14E" author="Snyder T. E." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 490" refId="ref33015" refString="Snyder T. E. 1949. Catalog of the termites (Isoptera) of the world. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 112: 1 - 490." type="journal article" year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 155
</treatmentCitation>
(as a genus).— 
<treatmentCitation id="0AA51098FFB8FFD5FDCCFCF7FCBCB14E" author="Krishna K. &amp; Grimaldi D. A. &amp; Krishna V. &amp; Engel M. S." box="[544,842,821,847]" page="1911" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FDCCFCF7FCF3B14E" author="Krishna K. &amp; Grimaldi D. A. &amp; Krishna V. &amp; Engel M. S." box="[544,773,821,847]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 2704" refId="ref32074" refString="Krishna K., Grimaldi D. A., Krishna V. &amp; Engel M. S. 2013. Treatise of the Isoptera of the world. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 377: 1 - 2704." type="journal article" year="2013">
Krishna 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FD68FCF4FD4EB14E" box="[644,696,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
: 1911
</treatmentCitation>
(as a genus).
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E6502FFB8FFD5FF51FCBAFB92B6D7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB8FFD5FF51FCBAFB2CB66F" blockId="22.[189,1399,888,1135]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
The genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FEA9FCBAFE3AB193" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityYear="1906" box="[325,460,888,914]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FEA9FCBAFE3AB193" box="[325,460,888,914]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cubitermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently included in the Cubitermitinae. This subfamily, first proposed as the tribe Cubitermitini by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FE17FC5EFD4FB1B6" author="Weidner H." box="[507,697,924,951]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="55 - 106" refId="ref33268" refString="Weidner H. 1956. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Termiten Angolas, hauptsachlich auf Grund der Sammlungen und Beobachtungen von A. de Barros Machado (I. Beitrag). Publicacoes Culturais da Companhia de Diamantes de Angola 29: 55 - 106." type="journal article" year="1956">Weidner (1956)</bibRefCitation>
, then synonymised with the 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FBFBFC5EFEF2B1DA" authority="(Engel &amp; Krishna 2004)" baseAuthorityName="Engel &amp; Krishna" baseAuthorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Termitinae">
Termitinae (
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FB44FC5EFF0AB1DA" author="Engel M. S. &amp; Krishna K." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref31578" refString="Engel M. S. &amp; Krishna K. 2004. Family-group names for termites (Isoptera). American Museum Novitates 3432: 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="2004">Engel &amp; Krishna 2004</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, was eventually restored by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FDBCFC03FCDDB1DA" author="Engel M. S. &amp; Grimaldi D. A. &amp; Krishna K." box="[592,811,961,988]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref31606" refString="Engel M. S., Grimaldi D. A. &amp; Krishna K. 2009. Termites (Isoptera): their phylogeny, classification and rise to ecological dominance. American Museum Novitates 3650: 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="2009">
Engel 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FD70FC00FD39B1DA" box="[668,719,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
. (2009)
</bibRefCitation>
as one of the eight subfamilies in 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FB50FC03FAC9B1DA" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1212,1343,961,987]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Termitidae</taxonomicName>
. The Cubitermitinae are characterised notably by the presence of a mixed segment and a blind diverticulum, or caecum, on the second paunch of the hindgut (P3) in workers, soldiers and imagines. They comprise 26 genera, among which 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FE06FBEDFD87B648" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityYear="1906" box="[490,625,1071,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FE06FBEDFD87B648" box="[490,625,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cubitermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is by far the richest in species. We consider here as belonging to 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FF51FB96FEB2B66F" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityYear="1906" box="[189,324,1108,1134]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FF51FB96FEB2B66F" box="[189,324,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cubitermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
all the species recorded as such in the recent Treatise of 
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FC33FB96FB21B66F" author="Krishna K. &amp; Grimaldi D. A. &amp; Krishna V. &amp; Engel M. S." box="[991,1239,1108,1135]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 2704" refId="ref32074" refString="Krishna K., Grimaldi D. A., Krishna V. &amp; Engel M. S. 2013. Treatise of the Isoptera of the world. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 377: 1 - 2704." type="journal article" year="2013">
Krishna 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FBAFFB97FB80B66F" box="[1091,1142,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
. (2013)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB8FFD5FF51FB55FB92B6D7" blockId="22.[189,1398,1175,1238]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
In this article the results are divided into two parts: the detailed re-description of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FB03FB55FA80B6B0" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityYear="1906" box="[1263,1398,1175,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FB03FB55FA80B6B0" box="[1263,1398,1175,1201]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cubitermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the descriptions of nine groups of species based on their valve morphology.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E6502FFB8FFD5FF51FB3DFEA7B7DD" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB8FFD5FF51FB3DFEAEB719" blockId="22.[189,344,1278,1305]" box="[189,344,1278,1305]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0F381E5FFB8FFD5FF51FB3DFEAEB719" bold="true" box="[189,344,1278,1305]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FF51FB3DFEAEB719" bold="true" box="[189,344,1278,1305]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<typeStatus id="54BF882BFFB8FFD5FF51FB3DFF0CB718" box="[189,250,1279,1305]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB8FFD5FF51FAEDFEA7B7DD" blockId="22.[189,1399,1327,1500]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB8FFD5FF51FAEDFD72B748" ID-CoL="328K2" authority="Haviland, 1898" authorityName="Haviland" authorityYear="1898" box="[189,644,1327,1353]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilobatus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FF51FAEDFE4BB748" box="[189,445,1327,1353]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cubitermes bilobatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FE25FAEDFD72B748" author="Haviland G. D." box="[457,644,1327,1353]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="358 - 442" refId="ref31841" refString="Haviland G. D. 1898. Observations on termites with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Linnean Society of London 26 (169): 358 - 442." type="journal article" year="1898">Haviland, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation (
<typeStatus id="54BF882BFFB8FFD5FC2CFAEDFC02B748" box="[960,1012,1327,1353]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
deposited in the NHMM). The original descriptions of 
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FE3CFA96FD66B76C" author="Wasmann E." box="[464,656,1363,1390]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="565 - 580" refId="ref33208" refString="Wasmann E. 1906. Beispiele rezenter Artenbildung bei Ameisengasten und Termitengasten. Biologisches Centralblatt 26 (17 - 18): 565 - 580." type="journal article" year="1906">Wasmann (1906</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FD77FA91FD20B76C" author="Wasmann E." box="[667,726,1363,1389]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="91 - 117" refId="ref33234" refString="Wasmann E. 1911. Zur Kenntnis der Termiten und Termitengaste vom Belgischen Congo. Revue de Zoologique Africaine 1 (1 - 2): 91 - 117 &amp; 145 - 176." type="journal article" year="1911">1911</bibRefCitation>
) are very scant and have not been completed since, except for the worker caste (
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FE5EFABAFDC9B793" author="Sands W. A." box="[434,575,1400,1426]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref32560" refString="Sands W. A. 1998. The Identification of Worker Castes of Termite Genera from Soils of Africa and the Middle East. CAB International, Wallingford in association with Natural Resources International." type="book" year="1998">Sands 1998</bibRefCitation>
). A more detailed description is therefore proposed here, based on both published and new data, for imagines (255 individuals), soldiers (427 individuals) and workers (421 individuals).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E6502FFB8FFDEFF51F9C7FDCAB1D5" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB8FFD5FF51F9C7FEFBB41E" blockId="22.[189,269,1541,1567]" box="[189,269,1541,1567]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0F381E5FFB8FFD5FF51F9C7FEFBB41E" bold="true" box="[189,269,1541,1567]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB8FFD5FF51F9C7FEFBB41E" bold="true" box="[189,269,1541,1567]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Imago</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB8FFD5FF51F9F6FEE8B44E" blockId="22.[189,286,1588,1615]" box="[189,286,1588,1615]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">COLOUR.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB8FFD5FF51F9AAFBB1B55F" blockId="22.[189,1399,1640,1887]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Head capsule: Well sclerotised and generally dark, C6–C8 (however, long preserved imagines can become as clear as C4, as already mentioned by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB8FFD5FCECF94FFC44B4A9" author="Williams R. M. C." box="[768,946,1677,1704]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="73 - 118" refId="ref33352" refString="Williams R. M. C. 1966. The East African termites of the genus Cubitermes (Isoptera: Termitidae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 118 (4): 73 - 118. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1966. tb 00835. x" type="journal article" year="1966">Williams 1966</bibRefCitation>
); fontanelle concolorous with or paler than head capsule (one to five palette levels paler); postclypeus C4–C7 frequently paler (one to two levels) than head capsule, sometimes concolorous; three muscle insertions on head capsule visible as paler areas, one on each side between ocellus and postclypeus, and a smaller one immediately in front of fontanelle, but these insertions are sometimes indistinct due to dark colour of head of imagines; antennae C4–C7 without any difference between proximal and distal articles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB8FFD5FF51F845FA81B5EA" blockId="22.[189,1399,1927,2027]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Thorax: Pronotum C4–C7 more or less as postclypeus, frequently one to two levels paler than head capsule, with some still paler areas, that is a T-shaped marking centrally, one oval spot near each antero-lateral corner and two oval spots in middle near posterior margin; meso- and metanotum C4–C7,</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51FEC9FAF7B34A" blockId="23.[189,1398,267,331]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">frequently somewhat paler than pronotum; legs generally C3–C5, tibiae usually slightly (one level) darker than femora; wings hyaline with brown to grey tinge (Cf2–Cf4), anterior veins darker.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51FEB6FCDBB3B2" blockId="23.[189,1398,371,436]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Abdomen: Tergites C5–C7; sternites appreciably paler in middle (C3–C4) with both sides darker (C4– C6); posterior sternites darker (C4–C6) than anterior.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51FE1EFED4B3F5" blockId="23.[189,290,476,502]" box="[189,290,476,502]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">SETATION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51FDD2FDE1B0BE" blockId="23.[189,1399,528,703]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Head capsule: Labrum and postclypeus with a variable density of prominent setae set amongst a very variable density of shorter, finer setae of variable length: sometimes these small setae are almost lacking, sometimes they form a dense mat; antennae with some prominent setae, some more numerous smaller setae and, mainly distally on most articles, a bunch of very fine bent setae (visible only at high magnification, 50 × or more).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51FD25FEBBB170" blockId="23.[189,1399,743,881]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Thorax: Pronotum with prominent setae mainly on margins and shorter ones in middle; mesonotum and metanotum glabrous or with some fine setae, sometimes so small and thin that they cannot be seen even at a magnification of 100 ×, remaining, however, detectable through their setal sockets, visible as pale round spots.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51FC58FD9BB1FE" blockId="23.[189,1399,922,1023]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Legs: Generally very pilose, often furnished with spines in various densities on fore coxae and trochanters; fore, mid and hind tibiae bearing 3, 2, 2 apical spurs and 0, 2, 0 subapical spurs respectively (subapical spurs sometimes weakly developed).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51FBE5FB96B667" blockId="23.[189,1398,1063,1127]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Abdominal tergites: With many large and small setae; abdominal sternites with long setae, vertical or directed slightly forward, and many long and smaller setae directed backwards.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51FB52FD8EB6AB" blockId="23.[189,632,1168,1194]" box="[189,632,1168,1194]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
STRUCTURE (measurements in 
<tableCitation id="C6860332FFB9FFD4FDF4FB52FD9BB6AB" box="[536,621,1168,1194]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="24.[189,258,268,294]" captionTargetBox="[203,1346,408,2012]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Table 1. Ranges of measurements taken of 257 Cubitermes Wasmann, 1906 imagines (only 103 individuals for the wings) in 56 taxa, including some possible synonyms and some possible new species (in alphabetical order of the “Code” column)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7B6601FFB6FFDBFF51FECEFD25B36C" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" tableUuid="DF7B6601FFB6FFDBFF51FECEFD25B36C">Table 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51FB06FAD7B729" blockId="23.[189,1398,1220,1320]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Head capsule: Compound eyes nearly round to shortly oval; ocelli nearly round to oval, removed from eyes by a variable distance relative to their own greatest diameter. Fontanelle varies from a tiny round or elongate marking to a round, obvious, margined depression larger than one-tenth of head width.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51FA93FC24B7B7" blockId="23.[189,1398,1361,1462]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Antennae: Generally 16 articles on alate individuals, rarely 15 (in 7% of individuals), or very rarely 17 (in 1 % of individuals), almost always shortened by amputation by at least one article in queens and kings (one exception, not shortened, on 116 individuals examined).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51FA1CFCEAB7F9" blockId="23.[189,796,1502,1528]" box="[189,796,1502,1528]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Labrum: Cupola-shaped, generally wider than long.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51F9E0FB43B4D1" blockId="23.[189,1399,1570,1744]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Left mandible (
<figureCitation id="133F2A0CFFB9FFD4FE9EF9E0FE4CB43D" box="[370,442,1570,1596]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[397,1193,1316,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[340,1247,1265,1820]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. Imago and worker mandible terminology. Left mandible on the left side, A = apical tooth, m1 = first marginal, m2 = second marginal (reduced to a wave), m3 = third marginal, p = premolar tooth, MP = molar prominence (the molar tooth is hidden behind the molar prominence), MA = molar posterior acute apophysis. Right mandible on the right, A = apical tooth, m1 = first marginal, m2 = second marginal, M = molar tooth, MP = molar prominence." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2638179/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): With apical tooth of variable length but always longer and more prominent than first marginal; marginal teeth three in number but second one only suggested by an undulation of edge between first and third marginal teeth; only apical tooth is acute in unworn specimens; premolar tooth with proximal end obscured or partly obscured by molar prominence in dorsal view; molar tooth bearing a rounded molar prominence dorsally and ending posteriorly in a tiny acute apophysis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51F93BFCBFB583" blockId="23.[189,1399,1785,1923]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Right mandible (
<figureCitation id="133F2A0CFFB9FFD4FE6CF93BFE31B512" box="[384,455,1785,1811]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[397,1193,1316,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[340,1247,1265,1820]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. Imago and worker mandible terminology. Left mandible on the left side, A = apical tooth, m1 = first marginal, m2 = second marginal (reduced to a wave), m3 = third marginal, p = premolar tooth, MP = molar prominence (the molar tooth is hidden behind the molar prominence), MA = molar posterior acute apophysis. Right mandible on the right, A = apical tooth, m1 = first marginal, m2 = second marginal, M = molar tooth, MP = molar prominence." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2638179/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): With apical tooth of variable length but always longer and more prominent than first marginal; marginal teeth two in number; first marginal tooth well developed with a sharp tip when fresh; second marginal tooth smaller and with a blunt tip even when fresh; molar tooth bearing a ventral rounded flange and ending posteriorly in a kind of heel.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB9FFD4FF51F86EFBEAB5EA" blockId="23.[189,1398,1964,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Thorax: Pronotum appreciably wider than long and narrower than head width (including eyes), straight to very weakly sellate, with anterior lobe short and very slightly elevated.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7B6601FFB6FFDBFF51FECEFD25B36C" ID-Table-UUID="DF7B6601FFB6FFDBFF51FECEFD25B36C" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7B6601FFB6FFDBFF51FECEFD25B36C" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" targetBox="[203,1346,408,2012]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB6FFDBFF51FECEFD25B36C" blockId="24.[189,1399,267,365]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFF51FECEFED0B324" bold="true" box="[189,294,267,294]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Table 1.</emphasis>
Ranges of measurements taken of 257 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB6FFDBFCCEFEC9FB8FB324" authority="Wasmann, 1906" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityYear="1906" box="[802,1145,267,294]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cubitermes Wasmann, 1906</taxonomicName>
imagines (only 103 individuals for the wings) in 56 taxa, including some possible synonyms and some possible new species (in alphabetical order of the “Code” column).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB6FFDBFE7BFE5AFADCB5DD" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<table id="F904C429FFB6003CFF27FE5AFAB4B5DD" box="[203,1346,408,2012]" gridcols="3" gridrows="40" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FE5AFAB4B3B2" box="[203,1346,408,435]" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FE5AFD18B3B2" box="[203,750,408,435]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFE7BFE5AFD83B3B3" bold="true" box="[407,629,408,434]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Imagines (counts)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FE5AFBB9B3B2" box="[872,1103,408,435]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFC57FE5AFC0AB3B3" bold="true" box="[955,1020,408,434]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Code</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FE5AFAB4B3B2" box="[1180,1346,408,435]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFB45FE5BFAC3B3B3" bold="true" box="[1193,1333,408,435]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Range (nb)</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FE03FAB4B3DD" box="[203,1346,449,476]" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FE03FD18B3DD" box="[203,750,449,476]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fore coxae: number of spines on carina</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FE03FBB9B3DD" box="[872,1103,449,476]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">ICx1CN</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FE03FAB4B3DD" box="[1180,1346,449,476]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0–25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FE2BFAB4B005" box="[203,1346,489,516]" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FE2BFD18B005" box="[203,750,489,516]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fore coxae: number of spines on fore side</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FE2BFBB9B005" box="[872,1103,489,516]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">ICx1SN</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FE2BFAB4B005" box="[1180,1346,489,516]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0–8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FDD0FAB4B02D" box="[203,1346,530,556]" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FDD0FD18B02D" box="[203,750,530,556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFE6BFDD0FD72B02D" bold="true" box="[391,644,530,556]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Imagines (raw data)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FDD0FBB9B02D" box="[872,1103,530,556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFC57FDD0FC0AB02D" bold="true" box="[955,1020,530,556]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Code</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FDD0FAB4B02D" box="[1180,1346,530,556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFB4DFDD0FACBB02D" bold="true" box="[1185,1341,530,556]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Range (mm)</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FDF9FAB4B057" box="[203,1346,571,598]" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FDF9FD18B057" box="[203,750,571,598]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Eye: large diameter</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FDF9FBB9B057" box="[872,1103,571,598]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
IEy 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFC0AFDFEFC0DB054" box="[998,1019,572,597]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FDF9FAB4B057" box="[1180,1346,571,598]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.23–0.57</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FDA1FAB4B07F" box="[203,1346,611,638]" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FDA1FD18B07F" box="[203,750,611,638]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Eye: small diameter</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FDA1FBB9B07F" box="[872,1103,611,638]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
IEy 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFC05FDA1FC0EB07C" box="[1001,1016,611,637]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">d</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FDA1FAB4B07F" box="[1180,1346,611,638]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.21–0.50</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FD49FAB4B0A7" box="[203,1346,651,678]" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FD49FD18B0A7" box="[203,750,651,678]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Eye distance from inferior head edge</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FD49FBB9B0A7" box="[872,1103,651,678]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IEyHdD</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FD49FAB4B0A7" box="[1180,1346,651,678]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.01–0.14</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FD76FAB4B0CE" box="[203,1346,692,719]" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FD76FD18B0CE" box="[203,750,692,719]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Eye to ocellus minimal distance</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FD76FBB9B0CE" box="[872,1103,692,719]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IEyOcD</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FD76FAB4B0CE" box="[1180,1346,692,719]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.05–0.25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FD1EFAB4B0F6" box="[203,1346,732,759]" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FD1EFD18B0F6" box="[203,750,732,759]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Eye width (bulging)</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FD1EFBB9B0F6" box="[872,1103,732,759]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IEyW</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FD1EFAB4B0F6" box="[1180,1346,732,759]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.08–0.23</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FCC7FAB4B121" box="[203,1346,773,800]" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FCC7FD18B121" box="[203,750,773,800]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Head: length to fore edge of postclypeus</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FCC7FBB9B121" box="[872,1103,773,800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IHdL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FCC7FAB4B121" box="[1180,1346,773,800]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.82–1.58</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FCEFFAB4B149" box="[203,1346,813,840]" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FCEFFD18B149" box="[203,750,813,840]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Head: width across the eyes</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FCEFFBB9B149" box="[872,1103,813,840]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IHdW</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FCEFFAB4B149" box="[1180,1346,813,840]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">1.10–1.91</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FC94FAB4B170" box="[203,1346,854,881]" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FC94FD18B170" box="[203,750,854,881]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible (left): length of apical tooth</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FC94FBB9B170" box="[872,1103,854,881]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMlAL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FC94FAB4B170" box="[1180,1346,854,881]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.10–0.39</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FCBCFAB4B198" box="[203,1346,894,921]" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FCBCFD18B198" box="[203,750,894,921]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible (left): apical to first marginal</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FCBCFBB9B198" box="[872,1103,894,921]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMlAmD</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FCBCFAB4B198" box="[1180,1346,894,921]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.10–0.33</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FC64FAB4B1C0" box="[203,1346,934,961]" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FC64FD18B1C0" box="[203,750,934,961]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible (left): width of apical tooth</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FC64FBB9B1C0" box="[872,1103,934,961]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMlAW</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FC64FAB4B1C0" box="[1180,1346,934,961]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.09–0.22</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FC0DFAB4B1EB" box="[203,1346,975,1002]" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FC0DFD18B1EB" box="[203,750,975,1002]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible (left): functional length</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FC0DFBB9B1EB" box="[872,1103,975,1002]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMlL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FC0DFAB4B1EB" box="[1180,1346,975,1002]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.43–0.84</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FC35FAB4B613" box="[203,1346,1015,1042]" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FC35FD18B613" box="[203,750,1015,1042]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible (left): length of molar tooth</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FC35FBB9B613" box="[872,1103,1015,1042]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMlML</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FC35FAB4B613" box="[1180,1346,1015,1042]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.14–0.28</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FBE2FAB4B63A" box="[203,1346,1056,1083]" gridrow="16" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FBE2FD18B63A" box="[203,750,1056,1083]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible (left): first to third marginal</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FBE2FBB9B63A" box="[872,1103,1056,1083]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMlmmD</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FBE2FAB4B63A" box="[1180,1346,1056,1083]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.10–0.19</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FB8AFAB4B662" box="[203,1346,1096,1123]" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FB8AFD18B662" box="[203,750,1096,1123]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible (left): third marginal to molar</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FB8AFBB9B662" box="[872,1103,1096,1123]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMlmMD</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FB8AFAB4B662" box="[1180,1346,1096,1123]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.06–0.13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FBB3FAB4B68D" box="[203,1346,1137,1164]" gridrow="18" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FBB3FD18B68D" box="[203,750,1137,1164]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible (left): width of the first marginal</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FBB3FBB9B68D" box="[872,1103,1137,1164]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMlmW</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FBB3FAB4B68D" box="[1180,1346,1137,1164]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.03–0.16</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FB5BFAB4B6B5" box="[203,1346,1177,1204]" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FB5BFD18B6B5" box="[203,750,1177,1204]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible (left): width from molar prominence</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FB5BFBB9B6B5" box="[872,1103,1177,1204]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMlW</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FB5BFAB4B6B5" box="[1180,1346,1177,1204]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.29–0.58</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FB03FAB4B6DD" box="[203,1346,1217,1244]" gridrow="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FB03FD18B6DD" box="[203,750,1217,1244]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible (right): apical to first marginal</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FB03FBB9B6DD" box="[872,1103,1217,1244]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMrAmD</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FB03FAB4B6DD" box="[1180,1346,1217,1244]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.12–0.31</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FB28FAB4B704" box="[203,1346,1258,1285]" gridrow="21" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FB28FD18B704" box="[203,750,1258,1285]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible (right): first to second marginal</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FB28FBB9B704" box="[872,1103,1258,1285]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMrmmD</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FB28FAB4B704" box="[1180,1346,1258,1285]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.07–0.13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FAD0FAB4B72C" box="[203,1346,1298,1325]" gridrow="22" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FAD0FD18B72C" box="[203,750,1298,1325]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ocellus: large diameter</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FAD0FBB9B72C" box="[872,1103,1298,1325]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
IOc 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFC0BFAD1FC0AB72D" box="[999,1020,1299,1324]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FAD0FAB4B72C" box="[1180,1346,1298,1325]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.11–0.27</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FAF9FAB4B754" box="[203,1346,1339,1365]" gridrow="23" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FAF9FD18B754" box="[203,750,1339,1365]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ocellus: small diameter</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FAF9FBB9B754" box="[872,1103,1339,1365]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
IOc 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFC06FAF9FC0FB754" box="[1002,1017,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">d</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FAF9FAB4B754" box="[1180,1346,1339,1365]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.07–0.18</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FAA1FAB4B77F" box="[203,1346,1379,1406]" gridrow="24" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FAA1FD18B77F" box="[203,750,1379,1406]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Postclypeus: maximal length</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FAA1FBB9B77F" box="[872,1103,1379,1406]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IPcL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FAA1FAB4B77F" box="[1180,1346,1379,1406]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.26–0.53</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FA4EFAB4B7A6" box="[203,1346,1420,1447]" gridrow="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FA4EFD18B7A6" box="[203,750,1420,1447]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Postclypeus: width</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FA4EFBB9B7A6" box="[872,1103,1420,1447]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IPcW</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FA4EFAB4B7A6" box="[1180,1346,1420,1447]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.52–0.98</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FA76FAB4B7CE" box="[203,1346,1460,1487]" gridrow="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FA76FD18B7CE" box="[203,750,1460,1487]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pronotum: maximal length</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FA76FBB9B7CE" box="[872,1103,1460,1487]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IPnL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FA76FAB4B7CE" box="[1180,1346,1460,1487]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.58–1.21</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27FA1FFAB4B7F6" box="[203,1346,1501,1527]" gridrow="27" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27FA1FFD18B7F6" box="[203,750,1501,1527]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pronotum: maximal width</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84FA1FFBB9B7F6" box="[872,1103,1501,1527]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IPnW</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70FA1FFAB4B7F6" box="[1180,1346,1501,1527]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.88–1.77</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F9C7FAB4B421" box="[203,1346,1541,1568]" gridrow="28" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F9C7FD18B421" box="[203,750,1541,1568]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tibia (hind): length</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F9C7FBB9B421" box="[872,1103,1541,1568]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IT3L</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F9C7FAB4B421" box="[1180,1346,1541,1568]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">1.06–2.31</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F9EFFAB4B449" box="[203,1346,1581,1608]" gridrow="29" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F9EFFD18B449" box="[203,750,1581,1608]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Wing: length</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F9EFFBB9B449" box="[872,1103,1581,1608]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IWgL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F9EFFAB4B449" box="[1180,1346,1581,1608]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">8.44–21.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F997FAB4B471" box="[203,1346,1621,1648]" gridrow="30" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F997FD18B471" box="[203,750,1621,1648]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Wing: maximal width</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F997FBB9B471" box="[872,1103,1621,1648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IWgW</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F997FAB4B471" box="[1180,1346,1621,1648]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">2.01–5.31</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F9BCFAB4B499" box="[203,1346,1662,1688]" gridrow="31" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F9BCFD18B499" box="[203,750,1662,1688]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFE78F9BCFD81B499" bold="true" box="[404,631,1662,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Imagines (indices)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F9BCFBB9B499" box="[872,1103,1662,1688]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFC57F9BCFC0AB499" bold="true" box="[955,1020,1662,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Code</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F9BCFAB4B499" box="[1180,1346,1662,1688]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFB70F9BCFAB4B499" bold="true" box="[1180,1346,1662,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Range (ratio)</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F965FAB4B4C3" box="[203,1346,1703,1730]" gridrow="32" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F965FD18B4C3" box="[203,750,1703,1730]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Eye elongation index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F965FBB9B4C3" box="[872,1103,1703,1730]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
IEy 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFC29F96AFC2CB4C0" box="[965,986,1704,1729]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
/IEy 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFBE1F965FBEAB4C0" box="[1037,1052,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">d</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F965FAB4B4C3" box="[1180,1346,1703,1730]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.98–1.26</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F90DFAB4B4EB" box="[203,1346,1743,1770]" gridrow="33" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F90DFD18B4EB" box="[203,750,1743,1770]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Eye size index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F90DFBB9B4EB" box="[872,1103,1743,1770]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
IEy 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFC51F912FC24B4E8" box="[957,978,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
/IHdW
</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F90DFAB4B4EB" box="[1180,1346,1743,1770]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.20–0.34</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F93AFAB4B513" box="[203,1346,1784,1810]" gridrow="34" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F93AFD18B513" box="[203,750,1784,1810]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Eye elevation index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F93AFBB9B513" box="[872,1103,1784,1810]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
IEyHdD/IEy 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFBF0F93BFBC7B513" box="[1052,1073,1785,1810]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F93AFAB4B513" box="[1180,1346,1784,1810]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.03–0.41</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F8E2FAB4B53A" box="[203,1346,1824,1851]" gridrow="35" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F8E2FD18B53A" box="[203,750,1824,1851]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Eye-ocellus index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F8E2FBB9B53A" box="[872,1103,1824,1851]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
IEyOcD/IOc 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFBF0F8E3FBC7B53B" box="[1052,1073,1825,1850]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F8E2FAB4B53A" box="[1180,1346,1824,1851]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.21–1.45</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F88BFAB4B562" box="[203,1346,1865,1891]" gridrow="36" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F88BFD18B562" box="[203,750,1865,1891]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Eye prominence index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F88BFBB9B562" box="[872,1103,1865,1891]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IEyW/IHdW</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F88BFAB4B562" box="[1180,1346,1865,1891]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.06–0.13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F8B3FAB4B58A" box="[203,1346,1905,1931]" gridrow="37" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F8B3FD18B58A" box="[203,750,1905,1931]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible left apico-marginal index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F8B3FBB9B58A" box="[872,1103,1905,1931]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMlAmD/IMlmmD</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F8B3FAB4B58A" box="[1180,1346,1905,1931]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.83–1.94</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F85BFAB4B5B5" box="[203,1346,1945,1972]" gridrow="38" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F85BFD18B5B5" box="[203,750,1945,1972]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible right apico-marginal index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F85BFBB9B5B5" box="[872,1103,1945,1972]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IMrAmD/IMrmmD</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F85BFAB4B5B5" box="[1180,1346,1945,1972]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">1.34–3.28</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB6003CFF27F803FAB4B5DD" box="[203,1346,1985,2012]" gridrow="39" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFF27F803FD18B5DD" box="[203,750,1985,2012]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ocellus size index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFC84F803FBB9B5DD" box="[872,1103,1985,2012]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
IOc 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB6FFDBFC52F800FC25B5DA" box="[958,979,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
/IHdW
</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB6003CFB70F803FAB4B5DD" box="[1180,1346,1985,2012]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">0.07–0.18</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FEC9FB95B348" blockId="25.[189,1398,267,329]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Wings: R1 fused entirely with costal margin, sclerotised; Rs simple, sclerotised; M not sclerotised with 2–7 branches near wingtip; Cu with 7–14 branches to posterior margin of wing.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FEB2FB45B3AF" blockId="25.[189,1398,368,430]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Gut (only studied in some cases): enteric valve is weakly developed and hardly comparable with workers’ and soldiers’ valves; diverticulum (or caecum) is present as a small amorphous button.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FE17FEE1B3EE" blockId="25.[189,279,469,495]" box="[189,279,469,495]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="D0F381E5FFB7FFDAFF51FE17FEE1B3EE" bold="true" box="[189,279,469,495]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB7FFDAFF51FE17FEE1B3EE" bold="true" box="[189,279,469,495]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Soldier</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FDC6FEEEB01D" blockId="25.[189,280,516,542]" box="[189,280,516,542]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">COLOUR</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FDF4FE21B096" blockId="25.[189,1399,566,663]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Head: Capsule generally tending towards deep palette (Cd3–Cd6) with a generally smooth but sometimes a more abrupt gradient from a dark frons to a paler back (e.g., Cd6–Cd4); antennae and labrum frequently paler than head capsule.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FD7DFE21B0FD" blockId="25.[189,1398,703,765]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Mandibles: Dark (C6–C8) with an abrupt clearing on their bases (two palette levels) which are generally of same colour as frons.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FCE6FCE5B13F" blockId="25.[189,787,804,830]" box="[189,787,804,830]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Thorax and legs: Paler than head capsule (C3–C4).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FCA7FEC9B1A2" blockId="25.[189,1399,869,931]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Abdomen: Grey to red-brown owing to digestive bolus, sometimes with a yellow to reddish-brown tinge on tergites.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FC08FED4B1E3" blockId="25.[189,290,970,996]" box="[189,290,970,996]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">SETATION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FC3FFC83B6A5" blockId="25.[189,1399,1021,1189]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Head capsule: With few scattered setae; on frons a dense bunch of hair-like setae surrounds and overhangs fontanelle; antennae with some more numerous smaller setae and at distal extremity of distal articles, a bunch of very fine bent setae (visible only at high magnification, 50 × or more); labrum always with some large setae on lobes (generally &lt;20, exceptionally up to 24). Thorax: pronotum and mesonotum with a small number (&lt;20) of setae mainly located on rims.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FB0EFB14B750" blockId="25.[189,1399,1228,1361]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Legs: Furnished with a row of spines along shaft of every tibia; fore coxae bear at least one fine seta and may or may not be furnished with some spines on carina and front surface; trochanters generally with some long, lined-up setae, sometimes with six or seven spines; fore, mid and hind tibiae bearing 3, 2, 2 apical spurs and 0, 2, 0 subapical spurs, respectively (latter sometimes weakly developed).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FABAFA91B7B4" blockId="25.[189,1398,1400,1462]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Abdominal tergites: With some large setae, mainly or only on their posterior rim; abdominal sternites with long setae, vertical or slightly directed forward, often coloured, and smaller setae directed backwards.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51FA1FFD8EB7F6" blockId="25.[189,632,1501,1527]" box="[189,632,1501,1527]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
STRUCTURE (measurements in 
<tableCitation id="C6860332FFB7FFDAFDF4FA1FFD86B7F6" box="[536,624,1501,1527]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="27.[189,258,268,294]" captionTargetBox="[203,1361,560,1418]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Table 2. Ranges of measurements taken of 427 soldiers in 73 taxa Cubitermes Wasmann? 1906, including some possible synonyms and some possible new species (in alphabetical order of the “Code” column)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7B6601FFB5FFD8FF51FECEFA87B348" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" tableUuid="DF7B6601FFB5FFD8FF51FECEFA87B348">Table 2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51F9CDFB86B545" blockId="25.[189,1399,1551,1861]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Head capsule: Always clearly sclerotised. Proportions: head length varies from being almost as wide as long to appreciably longer. Dorsal view: lateral sides mostly subparallel (frequently with a small narrowing near posterior third or fourth) or slightly convex, converging slightly towards anterior until antennal sockets or, rarely, towards posterior; from antennal sockets sides converge more or less clearly towards bases of mandibles; posterior side variable. In profile: upper profile straight to clearly concave; angle between extended mandibles and frons varies from almost right to obtuse; frons with or without an anterior frontal hump; profile of gulamentum variable. In ventral view: gulamentum variable, from almost rectangular to more or less constricted in its posterior half, with sides of anterior part either roundly convex or forming an acute widening or even a kind of ear on each side.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51F8AEFB6DB586" blockId="25.[189,1179,1899,1927]" box="[189,1179,1899,1927]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Antennae: Mostly of 14.5–15 articles, or rarely 14 (in 12% of specimens examined).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB7FFDAFF51F86FFA80B5EA" blockId="25.[189,1399,1965,2027]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Labrum: Always more or less deeply bifurcate, varying from as long as wide to much wider, with sides varying from straight to slightly concave or lyre-shaped, rarely convex (
<figureCitation id="133F2A0CFFB7FFDAFBF5F813FB95B5EA" box="[1049,1123,2001,2027]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[355,1243,1250,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[337,1249,1242,1893]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 9. Basic shapes of the labrum in soldiers. The lobes are A. Truncated without sharp angles; B. Truncated with sharp angles; C. Short finger-like; D. Elongated finger-like; E. Convex almost lyreshaped; F. Lyre-shaped; G. Triangular. All drawings to the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2638191/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
); tips of lobes rounded
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB4FFD9FF51FECEFE73B348" blockId="26.[189,1398,267,330]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">or angular or with fine whitish or translucent tips; anterior margin concave, ranging from round to more or less V-shaped.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB4FFD9FF51FEB3FB2EB3F6" blockId="26.[189,1399,369,503]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Mandibles: Sabre-like with variable curvatures; inner edges generally smooth (rarely finely serrated) with one distinct marginal tooth, sometimes very small, near molar tooth on each mandible; mandibles generally shorter or a little longer (rarely much longer) than head; entire surface of both mandibles generally smooth and glossy but sometimes matt due to very fine stripes mainly near tips.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB4FFD9FF51FDDDFDB8B05C" blockId="26.[189,1399,543,605]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Thorax: Pronotum sellate, as wide as 45–90% of head width, with an anterior margin varying from entire to distinctly notched in its middle.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB4FFD9FF51FD47FDCAB12F" blockId="26.[189,1399,645,815]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Gut: Configuration as shown in 
<figureCitation id="133F2A0CFFB4FFD9FDDBFD47FD79B09E" box="[567,655,645,671]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1790,1816]" captionTargetBox="[401,1195,1084,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[340,1247,1079,1752]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 10. Gut coiling in soldiers and workers. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. C = crop; D = diverticulum or caecum of the second paunch; Gz = Gizzard; M = mesenteron (dotted segment); MS = mixed segment; P1 to P5: first to fifth hind-gut segments (Holmgren 1909; Noirot 2001): P1 = ileum, P2 = enteric valve, P3 = paunch, P4 = colon, P5 = rectum. The gut is quite convoluted and some masked parts need to be described. In dorsal view, the distal end of the mesenteron (M) passes behind the upper loop of P3 to join P1 which is connected to P3 via P2; P3 turns forward, passes under the loops of M and P4 and finally turns left to join P4; P4 loops rightwards along M, then turns right and backwards behind M to join P5." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2638193/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
. Enteric valve placed on left side, more visible in ventral view, situated in second half of abdomen. Diverticulum of gut (or caecum) always rather small, more visible in ventral view, near centre of abdomen, amorphous or lobed, sometimes with a lobe expanded forward or backwards. Arrangement of enteric valve cushions variable, showing hexaradial, trilateral or bilateral symmetry or no symmetry at all.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB4FFD9FF51FC95FEE9B170" blockId="26.[189,287,855,881]" box="[189,287,855,881]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="D0F381E5FFB4FFD9FF51FC95FEE9B170" bold="true" box="[189,287,855,881]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB4FFD9FF51FC95FEE9B170" bold="true" box="[189,287,855,881]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Worker</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB4FFD9FF51FC44FEEEB19F" blockId="26.[189,280,902,928]" box="[189,280,902,928]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">COLOUR</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB4FFD9FF51FC7BFDE7B1D2" blockId="26.[189,529,953,979]" box="[189,529,953,979]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Head capsule: Pale (C1–C3).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB4FFD9FF51FC36FB5BB60F" blockId="26.[189,1197,1011,1038]" box="[189,1197,1011,1038]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Antennae: Proximal articles pale (C2–C3), distal articles appreciably darker (C4–C5).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB4FFD9FF51FBECFDC6B649" blockId="26.[189,560,1070,1096]" box="[189,560,1070,1096]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Thorax and legs: pale (C1–C3).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB4FFD9FF51FBAAFCBFB683" blockId="26.[189,841,1128,1155]" box="[189,841,1128,1155]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Abdomen: Grey to red-brown owing to digestive bolus.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7B6601FFB4FFD9FF51F848FC0FB5EA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2638191/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[189,232,1930,1956]" targetBox="[355,1243,1250,1881]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB4FFD9FF51F848FC0FB5EA" blockId="26.[189,1399,1930,2028]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB4FFD9FF51F848FEE6B5A4" bold="true" box="[189,272,1930,1957]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 9.</emphasis>
Basic shapes of the labrum in soldiers. The lobes are 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB4FFD9FC29F848FC2CB5A5" bold="true" box="[965,986,1930,1956]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
. Truncated without sharp angles; 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB4FFD9FF51F86CFF27B5C9" bold="true" box="[189,209,1966,1992]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
. Truncated with sharp angles; 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB4FFD9FDD1F86CFDA4B5C9" bold="true" box="[573,594,1966,1992]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">C</emphasis>
. Short finger-like; 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB4FFD9FCD8F86CFCBFB5C9" bold="true" box="[820,841,1966,1992]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">D</emphasis>
. Elongated finger-like; 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB4FFD9FB8EF86CFB80B5C9" bold="true" box="[1122,1142,1966,1992]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">E</emphasis>
. Convex almost lyreshaped; 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB4FFD9FEF2F813FEC6B5EA" bold="true" box="[286,304,2001,2027]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">F</emphasis>
. Lyre-shaped; 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB4FFD9FE33F813FE00B5EA" bold="true" box="[479,502,2001,2027]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">G</emphasis>
. Triangular. All drawings to the same scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7B6601FFB5FFD8FF51FECEFA87B348" ID-Table-UUID="DF7B6601FFB5FFD8FF51FECEFA87B348" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7B6601FFB5FFD8FF51FECEFA87B348" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[203,1361,560,1418]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB5FFD8FF51FECEFA87B348" blockId="27.[189,1399,267,329]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB5FFD8FF51FECEFEEBB324" bold="true" box="[189,285,267,294]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Table 2.</emphasis>
Ranges of measurements taken of 427 soldiers in 73 taxa 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB5FFD8FC5CFEC9FB47B324" authority="Wasmann" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityYear="1906" box="[944,1201,267,293]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cubitermes Wasmann</taxonomicName>
? 1906, including some possible synonyms and some possible new species (in alphabetical order of the “Code” column).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<table id="F904C429FFB5003CFF27FEB1FAB3B3FE" box="[203,1349,371,511]" gridrows="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB5FFD8FE72FEB1FAE5B3D9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB5FFD8FE72FEB1FAB3B38C" bold="true" box="[414,1349,371,397]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Soldiers (counts) Code Range (Nb)</emphasis>
Fore coxae: number of spines on carina SCx1CN 0–16 Fore coxae: number of spines on fore side SCx1SN 0–2
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB5FFD8FE63FE26FABDB04B" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<table id="F904C429FFB5003CFF27FE26FABDB04B" box="[203,1355,484,586]" gridcols="3" gridrows="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27FE26FABDB3FE" box="[203,1355,484,511]" gridrow="0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB5FFD8FE63FE26FBFDB3FF" bold="true" box="[399,1035,484,510]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27FE26FD1AB3FE" box="[203,748,484,511]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Soldiers (raw data)</th>
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC26FE26FBFAB3FE" box="[970,1036,484,511]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Code</th>
</emphasis>
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB5CFE26FABDB3FE" box="[1200,1355,484,511]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB5FFD8FB2EFE27FACFB3FF" bold="true" box="[1218,1337,484,511]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Range (°)</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27FDC8FABDB024" box="[203,1355,522,549]" gridrow="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27FDC8FD1AB024" box="[203,748,522,549]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Angle between mandible and frons (in profile)</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC26FDC8FBFAB024" box="[970,1036,522,549]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SFrA</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB5CFDC8FABDB024" box="[1200,1355,522,549]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">81–147</td>
</tr>
<table id="F904C429FFB5003CFF27FDF2FAA7B78B" box="[203,1361,560,1418]" gridrows="23" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27FDF2FABDB04B" box="[203,1355,560,586]" gridrow="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27FDF2FD1AB04B" box="[203,748,560,586]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Soldiers (raw data)</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC26FDF2FBFAB04B" box="[970,1036,560,586]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Code</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB5CFDF2FABDB04B" box="[1200,1355,560,586]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Range (mm)</td>
</tr>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB5FFD8FF27FD94FAC1B762" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Gulamentum: thickness SGuH 0.06–0.25 Gulamentum: median length SGuL 0.72–2.09 Gulamentum: maximal width SGuW 0.37–0.88 Gulamentum: minimal width SGuw 0.22–0.58 Head: sagitta of upper concavity SHdC 0.00–0.11 Head maximal thickness SHdH 0.98–2.31 Head lesser thickness SHdh 0.87–2.17 Head: median length SHdL 1.40–3.83 Head: maximal width SHdW 1.15–2.63 Labrum: length of fork SLaFL 0.07–0.40 Labrum: maximal length to apophyse SLaL 0.24–0.74 Labrum: maximal width SLaW 0.41–1.41 Mandible (left): larger mandible curvature SMlC 0.11–0.51 Mandible (left): lesser mandible curvature SMlc 0.07–0.38 Mandible (left): distal radius SMldR 0.26–0.99 Mandible (left): length in ventral view SMlL 1.41–3.37 Mandible (left): proximal radius SMlpR 0.59–8.62 Mandible (left): width (see definition) SMlW 0.12–0.38 Pronotum: length SPnL 0.30–0.72 Pronotum: maximal width SPnW 0.62–1.55 Tibia (hind): length ST3L 0.96–2.11</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB5FFD8FE70FAADFACEB5E6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<table id="F904C429FFB5003CFF27FAADFAA7B5E6" box="[203,1361,1391,2023]" gridcols="3" gridrows="17" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27FAADFAA7B78B" box="[203,1361,1391,1418]" gridrow="0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB5FFD8FE70FAADFAA7B788" bold="true" box="[412,1361,1391,1418]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27FAADFCC9B78B" box="[203,831,1391,1418]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Soldiers (indices)</th>
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88FAADFB87B78B" box="[868,1137,1391,1418]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Code</th>
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46FAADFAA7B78B" box="[1194,1361,1391,1418]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Range (ratio)</th>
</emphasis>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27FA54FAA7B7B1" box="[203,1361,1430,1456]" gridrow="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27FA54FCC9B7B1" box="[203,831,1430,1456]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Head upper concavity percentage</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88FA54FB87B7B1" box="[868,1137,1430,1456]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">100*SHdC/SHdL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46FA54FAA7B7B1" box="[1194,1361,1430,1456]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.00–3.38</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27FA79FAA7B7D7" box="[203,1361,1467,1494]" gridrow="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27FA79FCC9B7D7" box="[203,831,1467,1494]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mandible (left) curvature acceleration index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88FA79FB87B7D7" box="[868,1137,1467,1494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ln(SMlpR)–ln(SMldR)</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46FA79FAA7B7D7" box="[1194,1361,1467,1494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.09–3.01</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27FA23FAA7B7FA" box="[203,1361,1505,1531]" gridrow="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27FA23FCC9B7FA" box="[203,831,1505,1531]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Gulamentum thickness index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88FA23FB87B7FA" box="[868,1137,1505,1531]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SGuH/SHdH</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46FA23FAA7B7FA" box="[1194,1361,1505,1531]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.04–0.17</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F9C5FAA7B420" box="[203,1361,1543,1569]" gridrow="4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F9C5FCC9B420" box="[203,831,1543,1569]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Gulamentum constriction index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F9C5FB87B420" box="[868,1137,1543,1569]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SGuW/SGuw</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F9C5FAA7B420" box="[1194,1361,1543,1569]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1.12–2.20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F9EEFAA7B446" box="[203,1361,1580,1607]" gridrow="5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F9EEFCC9B446" box="[203,831,1580,1607]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Head elongation index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F9EEFB87B446" box="[868,1137,1580,1607]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SHdL/SHdW</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F9EEFAA7B446" box="[1194,1361,1580,1607]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1.04–1.68</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F990FAA7B46C" box="[203,1361,1618,1645]" gridrow="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F990FCC9B46C" box="[203,831,1618,1645]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Labrum fork index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F990FB87B46C" box="[868,1137,1618,1645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SLaFL/SLaL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F990FAA7B46C" box="[1194,1361,1618,1645]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.20–0.73</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F9BAFAA7B492" box="[203,1361,1656,1683]" gridrow="7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F9BAFCC9B492" box="[203,831,1656,1683]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Labrum widening index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F9BAFB87B492" box="[868,1137,1656,1683]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SLaW/SLaL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F9BAFAA7B492" box="[1194,1361,1656,1683]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.98–3.85</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F95CFAA7B4B8" box="[203,1361,1694,1721]" gridrow="8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F95CFCC9B4B8" box="[203,831,1694,1721]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mandible bi-curvature index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F95CFB87B4B8" box="[868,1137,1694,1721]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SMlC/SMlc</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F95CFAA7B4B8" box="[1194,1361,1694,1721]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1.12–2.45</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F906FAA7B4DE" box="[203,1361,1732,1759]" gridrow="9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F906FCC9B4DE" box="[203,831,1732,1759]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mandible (left) apico-marginal lesser curvature index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F906FB87B4DE" box="[868,1137,1732,1759]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SMlc/SMlL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F906FAA7B4DE" box="[1194,1361,1732,1759]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.03–0.21</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F92BFAA7B505" box="[203,1361,1769,1796]" gridrow="10" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F92BFCC9B505" box="[203,831,1769,1796]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Gnatho-cephalic index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F92BFB87B505" box="[868,1137,1769,1796]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SMlL/SHdL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F92BFAA7B505" box="[1194,1361,1769,1796]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.54–1.43</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F8CDFAA7B52B" box="[203,1361,1807,1834]" gridrow="11" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F8CDFCC9B52B" box="[203,831,1807,1834]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mandible (left) robustness index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F8CDFB87B52B" box="[868,1137,1807,1834]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SMlW/SMlL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F8CDFAA7B52B" box="[1194,1361,1807,1834]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.07–0.20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F8F7FAA7B551" box="[203,1361,1845,1872]" gridrow="12" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F8F7FCC9B551" box="[203,831,1845,1872]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Valve: bilateral symmetry index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F8F7FB87B551" box="[868,1137,1845,1872]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SVP1-Bil</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F8F7FAA7B551" box="[1194,1361,1845,1872]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.80–1.88</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F899FAA7B577" box="[203,1361,1883,1910]" gridrow="13" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F899FCC9B577" box="[203,831,1883,1910]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Valve: PC1 pre-eminence index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F899FB87B577" box="[868,1137,1883,1910]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SVP1-Pre</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F899FAA7B577" box="[1194,1361,1883,1910]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.81–1.95</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F843FAA7B59D" box="[203,1361,1921,1948]" gridrow="14" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F843FCC9B59D" box="[203,831,1921,1948]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Valve: alternation index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F843FB87B59D" box="[868,1137,1921,1948]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SVP-Alt</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F843FAA7B59D" box="[1194,1361,1921,1948]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.82–1.75</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F864FAA7B5C0" box="[203,1361,1958,1985]" gridrow="15" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F864FCC9B5C0" box="[203,831,1958,1985]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Valve: average cushion length</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F864FB87B5C0" box="[868,1137,1958,1985]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SVP-AvL</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F864FAA7B5C0" box="[1194,1361,1958,1985]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">0.31–0.82</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353434CBFFB5003CFF27F80EFAA7B5E6" box="[203,1361,1996,2023]" gridrow="16" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<th id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFF27F80EFCC9B5E6" box="[203,831,1996,2023]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Valve: odd PC elongation index</th>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFC88F80EFB87B5E6" box="[868,1137,1996,2023]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">SVPOdd-Elg</td>
<td id="76E55DB7FFB5003CFB46F80EFAA7B5E6" box="[1194,1361,1996,2023]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">4.97–15.8</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</table>
</table>
</paragraph>
</table>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB2FFDFFF51FEC9FED4B322" blockId="28.[189,290,267,293]" box="[189,290,267,293]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">SETATION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB2FFDFFF51FE86FC5CB35F" blockId="28.[189,938,324,350]" box="[189,938,324,350]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Head capsule: Postclypeus and labrum with few scattered setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB2FFDFFF51FE46FAD4B3C9" blockId="28.[189,1398,388,456]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Antennae: With some prominent setae, some more numerous smaller setae and at distal extremity of distal articles, a bunch of very fine bent setae (visible only at high magnification, 50 × or more).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB2FFDFFF51FE37FB63B08C" blockId="28.[189,1399,501,653]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Thorax: With some scattered setae; legs furnished with a row of spines along shaft of each tibia; fore coxae bearing at least one fine seta and furnished or not with a small number of setae or spines on carina and anterior surface; trochanters with or without spines; fore, mid and hind tibiae bearing 3, 2, 2 apical spurs and 0, 2, 0 subapical spurs, respectively (latter sometimes weakly developed).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB2FFDFFF51FD78FC0AB0FC" blockId="28.[189,1398,698,766]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Abdominal tergites: With some scattered setae; abdominal sternites with long setae, vertical or slightly directed forward, often coloured and smaller setae directed backwards.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB2FFDFFF51FCE9FD8EB147" blockId="28.[189,632,811,838]" box="[189,632,811,838]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
STRUCTURE (measurements in 
<tableCitation id="C6860332FFB2FFDFFDF4FCE9FD99B144" box="[536,623,811,837]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="31.[189,258,268,294]" captionTargetBox="[204,1366,407,1488]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Table 3. Ranges of measurements taken of 421 workers in 73 taxa of Cubitermes Wasmann 1906, including some possible synonyms and some possible new species (in alphabetical order of the “Code” column)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7B6601FFB1FFDCFF51FECEFED1B36C" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" tableUuid="DF7B6601FFB1FFDCFF51FECEFED1B36C">Table 3</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB2FFDFFF51FCA6FCC0B17E" blockId="28.[189,822,868,895]" box="[189,822,868,895]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Head capsule: Weakly sclerotised (except mandibles).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB2FFDFFF51FC6EFBEFB1C7" blockId="28.[189,1049,939,966]" box="[189,1049,939,966]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Antennae: Of 14–14.5 articles, rarely 15 (in 4% of specimens examined).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB2FFDEFF51FC31FE2DB3ED" blockId="28.[189,796,1011,1037]" lastBlockId="29.[189,1399,267,492]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Labrum: Cupola-shaped, generally wider than long. Left mandible (
<figureCitation id="133F2A0CFFB3FFDEFE9AFEC9FE49B324" box="[374,447,267,293]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[397,1193,1316,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[340,1247,1265,1820]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. Imago and worker mandible terminology. Left mandible on the left side, A = apical tooth, m1 = first marginal, m2 = second marginal (reduced to a wave), m3 = third marginal, p = premolar tooth, MP = molar prominence (the molar tooth is hidden behind the molar prominence), MA = molar posterior acute apophysis. Right mandible on the right, A = apical tooth, m1 = first marginal, m2 = second marginal, M = molar tooth, MP = molar prominence." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2638179/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): Apical tooth well developed with a sharp tip when fresh; marginal teeth three in number, first marginal tooth well developed but with a blunt tip even when fresh, second marginal tooth faint (visible as an undulated edge and disappearing in worn mandibles), third marginal tooth with a blunt tip; premolar tooth with its proximal end generally hidden under molar prominence; molar tooth bearing a rounded molar prominence dorsally and ending posteriorly in a tiny acute apophysis; apicomarginal index variable.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7B6601FFB2FFDFFF51F93CFA83B5ED" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2638193/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[189,232,1790,1816]" targetBox="[401,1195,1084,1750]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB2FFDFFF51F93CFA83B5ED" blockId="28.[189,1399,1790,2028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB2FFDFFF51F93CFEEEB519" bold="true" box="[189,280,1790,1816]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 10.</emphasis>
Gut coiling in soldiers and workers. 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB2FFDFFD2CF93CFD23B519" bold="true" box="[704,725,1790,1816]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
. Dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB2FFDFFC92F93CFC64B519" bold="true" box="[894,914,1790,1816]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
. Ventral view. C = crop; D = diverticulum or caecum of the second paunch; Gz = Gizzard; M = mesenteron (dotted segment); MS = mixed segment; P1 to P5: first to fifth hind-gut segments (Holmgren 1909; Noirot 2001): P1 = ileum, P2 = enteric valve, P3 = paunch, P4 = colon, P5 = rectum. The gut is quite convoluted and some masked parts need to be described. In dorsal view, the distal end of the mesenteron (M) passes behind the upper loop of P3 to join P1 which is connected to P3 via P2; P3 turns forward, passes under the loops of M and P4 and finally turns left to join P4; P4 loops rightwards along M, then turns right and backwards behind M to join P5.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB3FFDEFF51FDDAFC88B0A8" blockId="29.[189,1399,536,682]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Right mandible (
<figureCitation id="133F2A0CFFB3FFDEFE6AFDDAFE39B033" box="[390,463,536,562]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[397,1193,1316,1784]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[340,1247,1265,1820]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. Imago and worker mandible terminology. Left mandible on the left side, A = apical tooth, m1 = first marginal, m2 = second marginal (reduced to a wave), m3 = third marginal, p = premolar tooth, MP = molar prominence (the molar tooth is hidden behind the molar prominence), MA = molar posterior acute apophysis. Right mandible on the right, A = apical tooth, m1 = first marginal, m2 = second marginal, M = molar tooth, MP = molar prominence." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2638179/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): Apical tooth well developed with a sharp tip when fresh; marginal teeth two in number; first marginal tooth well developed with a sharp tip when fresh; second marginal tooth smaller and with a blunt tip even when fresh; molar tooth bearing a ventral rounded flange and ending posteriorly in a kind of heel. Apico-marginal index variable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB3FFDEFF51FD17FC69B0EE" blockId="29.[189,927,725,752]" box="[189,927,725,752]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Thorax: Pronotum sellate, as wide as 50 to 80% of head width.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB3FFDEFF51FCD9FDCAB1D5" blockId="29.[189,1399,795,980]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Gut: Configuration of gut as shown in 
<figureCitation id="133F2A0CFFB3FFDEFD6EFCD9FD2FB134" box="[642,729,795,821]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1790,1816]" captionTargetBox="[401,1195,1084,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[340,1247,1079,1752]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 10. Gut coiling in soldiers and workers. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. C = crop; D = diverticulum or caecum of the second paunch; Gz = Gizzard; M = mesenteron (dotted segment); MS = mixed segment; P1 to P5: first to fifth hind-gut segments (Holmgren 1909; Noirot 2001): P1 = ileum, P2 = enteric valve, P3 = paunch, P4 = colon, P5 = rectum. The gut is quite convoluted and some masked parts need to be described. In dorsal view, the distal end of the mesenteron (M) passes behind the upper loop of P3 to join P1 which is connected to P3 via P2; P3 turns forward, passes under the loops of M and P4 and finally turns left to join P4; P4 loops rightwards along M, then turns right and backwards behind M to join P5." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2638193/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
. Enteric valve placed on left side, more visible in ventral view, situated in second half of abdomen. Diverticulum of gut (or caecum) always rather small, visible in ventral view, near centre of abdomen, amorphous or lobed, sometimes with a lobe expanded forward or backwards. Arrangement of enteric valve cushions variable, showing hexaradial, trilateral or bilateral symmetry or no symmetry at all.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E6502FFB3FFDEFF51FBC7FCA6B40D" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB3FFDEFF51FBC7FCA4B620" blockId="29.[189,850,1028,1057]" box="[189,850,1028,1057]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB3FFDEFF51FBC7FCA4B620" bold="true" box="[189,850,1028,1057]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Species groups based on enteric valve morphology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB3689FFB3FFDEFF51FBFFFCA6B40D" blockId="29.[189,1399,1085,1549]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Following the suggestion made by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B78FFB3FFDEFDA3FBFFFC76B656" author="Bouillon A. &amp; Vincke P. P." box="[591,896,1085,1111]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="269 - 280" refId="ref31068" refString="Bouillon A. &amp; Vincke P. P. 1971. Valvule enterique et revision du genre Cubitermes Wasmann. Cubitermes bugeserae sp. nov. (Isoptera, Termitidae). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 84 (3 - 4): 269 - 280." type="journal article" year="1971">Bouillon &amp; Vincke (1971)</bibRefCitation>
, the enteric valves in the worker and soldier castes were systematically examined with a possible outcome of creating new genera or subgenera. Obviously, the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB3FFDEFE57FB4FFDB4B6A6" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityYear="1906" box="[443,578,1165,1191]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB3FFDEFE57FB4FFDB4B6A6" box="[443,578,1165,1191]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cubitermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might have been divided into four clear taxa: one with “basic valves” (without any spatulae) and three taxa with “spatulated enteric valves” showing respectively two, three and six primary cushions ending in a flat structure looking like a spatula which sticks out of the valve. However, an ongoing molecular study suggests that some of these taxa would not be monophyletic. Therefore, in the prospect of a revision of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB3FFDEFCDBFAE9FC48B744" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityYear="1906" box="[823,958,1323,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB3FFDEFCDBFAE9FC48B744" box="[823,958,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cubitermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the first step proposed in this article is to introduce nine rather clear-cut species groups based on the morphology (
<figureCitation id="133F2A0CFFB3FFDEFB8CFA91FB46B76C" box="[1120,1200,1363,1389]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,232,1719,1745]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,317,1678]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[189,1398,297,1681]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 11. Representative primary cushions of the various patterns encountered in the workers of the genus Cubitermes; WVPD = downstream bristly part; WVPM = middle spiny part; WVPS = spatula; WVPU = upstream spiny part. A. PC1 of the bilobatus valve pattern. B. PC1 of the oculatus valve pattern. C. any odd PC of the bilobatodes valve pattern. D. PC1 of the muneris valve pattern. E. PC6 and PC1 of the fungifaber valve pattern. E’. PC3 of the fungifaber valve pattern, twisted and partly seen in profile. F. PC1 of the finitimus valve pattern. F’. PC3 of the finitimus valve pattern, twisted and seen in profile. G. PC3 of the sankurensis valve pattern. H and H’. PC3 and PC4 of the oblectatus valve pattern. I. Any PC of the sulcifrons valve pattern. I’. Any PC of the sulcifrons valve pattern, twisted and seen in profile. All drawings to the same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2638195/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 11</figureCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="C6860332FFB3FFDEFB52FA91FAD4B76C" box="[1214,1314,1363,1389]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="31.[189,258,268,294]" captionTargetBox="[204,1366,407,1488]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Table 3. Ranges of measurements taken of 421 workers in 73 taxa of Cubitermes Wasmann 1906, including some possible synonyms and some possible new species (in alphabetical order of the “Code” column)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7B6601FFB1FFDCFF51FECEFED1B36C" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="DF7B6601FFB1FFDCFF51FECEFED1B36C">Tables 3</tableCitation>
and 
<tableCitation id="C6860332FFB3FFDEFAB2FA91FA98B76C" box="[1374,1390,1363,1389]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="33.[189,258,268,294]" captionTargetBox="[199,1389,341,835]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Table 4. Summary of the qualitative characteristics of the workers’ enteric valve patterns." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7B6601FF8FFFE2FF51FECEFB2EB327" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="DF7B6601FF8FFFE2FF51FECEFB2EB327">4</tableCitation>
) and biometry (
<tableCitation id="C6860332FFB3FFDEFE84FAB9FE34B797" box="[360,450,1403,1430]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="44.[189,258,268,294]" captionTargetBox="[201,1389,406,2011]" captionText="Table 5. Ranges of measurements taken of the enteric valves of 427 soldiers and 410 workers in 73 taxa, including some possible synonyms and some possible new species (in alphabetical order of the “Code” column); comparison between patterns." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7B6601FF82FFEFFF51FECEFD7AB36D" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="DF7B6601FF82FFEFFF51FECEFD7AB36D">Table 5</tableCitation>
) of their enteric valves. These groups, referred to here as ‘valve pattern groups’, or ‘valve patterns’ for short, have for now no taxonomic ranking, but their definition will enable a better recognition of species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D0AFFB3FFDEFDC0FA08FD45B7E5" authorityName=": Wasmann" authorityYear="1906" box="[556,691,1482,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cubitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B970EA9BFFB3FFDEFDC0FA08FD45B7E5" box="[556,691,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cubitermes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: some species with different valve patterns indeed cannot be distinguished based on their external morphology alone.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>