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<document id="D9E888FC159E161E2A69BEFBED53D389" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4027.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4f978883-3c7c-4029-bf1a-65ae0573e148" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="239765" ID-ZooBank="A106E756-1D48-4034-9A40-9C1818A9DE54" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461280131236" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tedrow, Riley, Nathan, Kabanguka, Richard, Nasasira &amp; Svenson, Gavin J." docDate="2015" docId="03ABBC26FF9EFFADFF53FB7B0BE7FF54" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04027p100.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4027 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Iridopterygidae Giglio-Tos 1915" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="72" masterDocId="FF92C45EFF9AFFA8FFC4FFDB0F02FFAC" masterDocTitle="A survey of the praying mantises of Rwanda, including new records (Insecta, Mantodea)" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="71" updateTime="1698613821624" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="902DF7A6F890A1CA6081A6D66A8E2EB4">A survey of the praying mantises of Rwanda, including new records (Insecta, Mantodea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3D9ED319D1D16F80002638EB9328EDA9">Tedrow, Riley</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03ABBC26FF9EFFADFF53FB7B0BE7FF54" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5625107" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119640343" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5625107" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ABBC26FF9EFFADFF53FB7B0BE7FF54" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ABBC26FF9EFFADFF53FB7B0BE7FF54" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<subSubSection id="C3185EBBFF9EFFACFF53FB7B0D81FB16" box="[151,643,1184,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBD0D30FF9EFFACFF53FB7B0D81FB16" blockId="4.[151,643,1184,1210]" box="[151,643,1184,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<heading id="D0F5BA5CFF9EFFACFF53FB7B0D81FB16" bold="true" box="[151,643,1184,1210]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFF53FB7B0D81FB16" authority="Giglio-Tos, 1915" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,643,1184,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFF53FB7B0D81FB16" bold="true" box="[151,643,1184,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
IRIDOPTERYGIDAE
<bibRefCitation id="EF9370C1FF9EFFACFE7CFB7B0D81FB16" author="Giglio-Tos" box="[440,643,1184,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" refString="Giglio-Tos, E. (1915) Mantidi Esotici: Generi e specie nuove. Bullettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 46, 31 - 108." type="journal article" year="1915">Giglio-Tos, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3185EBBFF9EFFACFF53FB3D0C10FA7B" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBD0D30FF9EFFACFF53FB3D0C1AFB53" blockId="4.[151,1437,1254,1783]" box="[151,792,1254,1279]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFF53FB3D0D48FB53" authority="Werner, 1906" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,586,1254,1279]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Hapalomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFF53FB3D0E98FB53" bold="true" box="[151,410,1254,1279]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Hapalomantis minima</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9370C1FF9EFFACFE6CFB3C0D40FB53" author="Werner" box="[424,578,1254,1279]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" refString="Werner, F. (1906) Zur Kenntnis afrikanischer Mantodeen. Stuttgarter Jahreshefte des Vereins fur vaterlandische Naturkunde in Wurttemberg, 62 (34), 361 - 377." type="journal article" year="1906">Werner, 1906</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="133911B5FF9EFFACFD9DFB3D0D9CFB53" box="[601,670,1254,1279]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1514,1536]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,197,1480]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,195,1492]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Live habitus. A, Hoplocorypha lacualis (male) from ANP; B, Idolomorpha dentifrons (male) from ANP; C D, Entella rukwaensis (C, male from ANP; D, female from ANP); E F, Gonypetella fuscipes (E, male from ANP; F, female from ANP); G, Hapalomantis minima (female) from ANP; H, Negromantis gracillima (male) from ANP; I, Pyrgomantis nana (female) from ANP." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239768/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Figs 3</figureCitation>
G, 11AB)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD0D30FF9EFFACFF03FAD10C10FA7B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1254,1783]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFF03FAD10E42FA8F" bold="true" box="[199,320,1290,1315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Sampling.</emphasis>
ANP.1—
<specimenCount id="9D04C6B9FF9EFFACFE79FAD00EDBFA8F" box="[445,473,1291,1315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="male">29</specimenCount>
males (GSMC004308, GSMC004310, GSMC00431214, GSMC00431618, GSMC004346, GSMC004348, GSMC004351, GSMC004386, GSMC0044747, GSMC00477082), four females (GSMC00478689), and 22 nymphs (GSMC004412, GSMC004453, GSMC004472, GSMC004783-5, GSMC004959-60, GSMC004963-68, GSMC004970-77). ANP.2—Eight males (GSMC00477885), and six females (GSMC00479091, GSMC0048064809). ANP.3—One male (GSMC004782),
<specimenCount id="9D04C6B9FF9EFFACFACDFA400A9EFA1F" box="[1289,1436,1434,1459]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="female">13 females</specimenCount>
(GSMC0047934805), and one nymph (GSMC004969).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3185EBBFF9EFFACFF03FA390E44F9EF" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBD0D30FF9EFFACFF03FA390E44F9EF" blockId="4.[151,1437,1254,1783]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFF03FA390E62FA57" bold="true" box="[199,352,1506,1531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Distribution.</emphasis>
Species within the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFD48FA390C29FA57" box="[652,811,1506,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Hapalomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFD48FA390C29FA57" box="[652,811,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Hapalomantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
range across Eastern Africa, but
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFB6CFA3F0A22FA57" box="[1192,1312,1508,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Hapalomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFB6CFA3F0A22FA57" box="[1192,1312,1508,1531]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">H. minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the first species within the genus recorded in
<collectingCountry id="F3154DA0FF9EFFACFD85F9DD0DA2F9B3" box="[577,672,1542,1567]" name="Rwanda" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFD69F9DD0CABF9B2" box="[685,937,1542,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Hapalomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFD69F9DD0CABF9B2" box="[685,937,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Hapalomantis minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is previously recorded in
<collectingCountry id="F3154DA0FF9EFFACFB13F9DC0A21F9B3" box="[1239,1315,1543,1567]" name="Kenya" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3154DA0FF9EFFACFAF4F9DD0A9AF9B3" box="[1328,1432,1542,1567]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F3154DA0FF9EFFACFF02F9F10E40F9EF" box="[198,322,1578,1603]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3185EBBFF9EFFACFF03F9950D9FF95B" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBD0D30FF9EFFACFF03F9950D9FF95B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1254,1783]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFF03F9950E4DF9CB" bold="true" box="[199,335,1614,1639]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Comments.</emphasis>
The key by
<bibRefCitation id="EF9370C1FF9EFFACFE35F9950DC5F9CB" author="Kaltenbach" box="[497,711,1614,1639]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" refString="Kaltenbach, A. P. (1996) Unterlagen fur eine Monographie der Mantodea des sudlichen Afrika: 1. - Artenbestand, geographische Verbreitung und Ausbreitungsgrenzen (Insecta: Mantodea). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 98 B, 193 - 346." type="journal article" year="1996">Kaltenbach (1996)</bibRefCitation>
distinguishing
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFCBBF9940CF8F9CA" box="[895,1018,1615,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Hapalomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFCBBF9940CF8F9CA" box="[895,1018,1615,1638]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">H. minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFB8EF9940BA4F9CB" box="[1098,1190,1614,1639]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Hapalomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orba">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFB8EF9940BA4F9CB" box="[1098,1190,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">H. orba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described the single lengthened posteroventral tibial spine (a characteristic of the genus) to be either the second (
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFB77F9AF0A09F927" box="[1203,1291,1650,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Hapalomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orba">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFB77F9AF0A09F927" box="[1203,1291,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">H. orba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or the third (
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFF64F94C0E1CF902" box="[160,286,1687,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Hapalomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFF64F94C0E1CF902" box="[160,286,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">H. minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) from the proximal end. However, we observed variability in this character within specimens. Considering also that the ranges of these two species overlap, we suspect
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFC16F9670B4BF97F" box="[978,1097,1724,1747]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Hapalomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFC16F9670B4BF97F" box="[978,1097,1724,1747]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">H. minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFBBBF9670BD5F97F" box="[1151,1239,1722,1747]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Hapalomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orba">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFBBBF9670BD5F97F" box="[1151,1239,1722,1747]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">H. orba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are synonymous. Revisionary work within this genus is needed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3185EBBFF9EFFACFF53F8FD0A58F82B" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBD0D30FF9EFFACFF53F8FD0C4CF893" blockId="4.[151,1437,1830,2035]" box="[151,846,1830,1855]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFF53F8FD0D74F893" authority="Kaltenbach, 1996" authorityName="Kaltenbach" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,630,1830,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Negromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFF53F8FD0EABF893" bold="true" box="[151,425,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Negromantis gracillima</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9370C1FF9EFFACFE74F8FD0D74F893" author="Kaltenbach" box="[432,630,1830,1855]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" refString="Kaltenbach, A. P. (1996) Unterlagen fur eine Monographie der Mantodea des sudlichen Afrika: 1. - Artenbestand, geographische Verbreitung und Ausbreitungsgrenzen (Insecta: Mantodea). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 98 B, 193 - 346." type="journal article" year="1996">Kaltenbach, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="133911B5FF9EFFACFD41F8FD0DC9F893" box="[645,715,1830,1855]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1514,1536]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,197,1480]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,195,1492]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Live habitus. A, Hoplocorypha lacualis (male) from ANP; B, Idolomorpha dentifrons (male) from ANP; C D, Entella rukwaensis (C, male from ANP; D, female from ANP); E F, Gonypetella fuscipes (E, male from ANP; F, female from ANP); G, Hapalomantis minima (female) from ANP; H, Negromantis gracillima (male) from ANP; I, Pyrgomantis nana (female) from ANP." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239768/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Figs 3</figureCitation>
H, 11CD)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD0D30FF9EFFACFF03F8910A58F82B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1830,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFF03F8910E42F8CF" bold="true" box="[199,320,1866,1891]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Sampling.</emphasis>
ANP.1—Nine males (GSMC0043912, GSMC004401, GSMC0044036,GSMC005117), four females (GSMC004387, GSMC004389, GSMC0044078, GSMC004402), and one nymph (GSMC004454).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3185EBBFF9EFFADFF03F8490BE7FF54" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBD0D30FF9EFFACFF03F8490EC2F85F" blockId="4.[151,1437,1830,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFF03F8490E62F807" bold="true" box="[199,352,1938,1963]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Distribution.</emphasis>
Species within the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFD63F84F0C35F807" box="[679,823,1940,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Negromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFD63F84F0C35F807" box="[679,823,1940,1963]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Negromantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are found in Central and Southern Africa, but
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFA46F84F0E0EF863" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Negromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFA46F84F0E0EF863" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">N. gracillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the first species within the genus recorded in
<collectingCountry id="F3154DA0FF9EFFACFCE3F86D0C85F863" box="[807,903,1974,1999]" name="Rwanda" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9EFFACFC55F86C0B9EF863" box="[913,1180,1974,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Negromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9EFFACFC55F86C0B9EF863" box="[913,1180,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Negromantis gracillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is previously recorded in
<collectingCountry id="F3154DA0FF9EFFACFF70F8010E0BF85F" box="[180,265,2010,2035]" name="Zambia" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Zambia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3154DA0FF9EFFACFEFBF8010EB9F85F" box="[319,443,2010,2035]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD0D30FF9FFFADFF03FF4C0BE7FF54" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9FFFADFF03FF4C0E6FFF1C" bold="true" box="[199,365,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">Observations.</emphasis>
All specimens of this species were collected from a single tree species (on multiple trees) identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9FFFADFEEFFF670DB3FF79" box="[299,689,188,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Combretum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="molle">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9FFFADFEEFFF670EF7FF79" box="[299,501,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">Combretum molle</emphasis>
(Combretaceae)
</taxonomicName>
(N. Hardy, pers. comm.). Numerous individuals of
<taxonomicName id="4C0276B3FF9FFFADFAC0FF660A9EFF79" box="[1284,1436,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Negromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">
<emphasis id="B976D122FF9FFFADFAC0FF660A9EFF79" box="[1284,1436,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">N. gracillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were perched on the underside of leaves of this tree and ran or flew from this position if disturbed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>