treatments-xml/data/03/96/87/039687FEFF85FFEEFF7BBF238481FC09.xml

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<mods:title id="F49C2786B42221461C626665A10EC21A">A new species of Characidium Reinhardt (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from coastal rivers in the extreme south of Bahia, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E57BDE20E8935239F3D01D498ECA1DF8">Zanata, Angela M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BECA0704F44F8AB617C07DA8EA9C1950">Sarmento-Soares, Luisa M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1D5A29EF6F9A3A11D7A80B6705CE36D4">Martins-Pinheiro, Ronaldo F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="90041801725EB3E72B33832473DA8264">2015</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF85FFE7FF7BBF23832CF90C" blockId="1.[151,560,1050,1111]" box="[151,560,1050,1075]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF85FFE7FF7BBF238085F90C" ID-CoL="TMQB" box="[151,409,1050,1075]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri" status="sp. nov.">Characidium helmeri</taxonomicName>
, 
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(
<figureCitation id="13042A6DFF85FFE7FF73BF0781E2F968" box="[159,254,1086,1111]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,244,1915,1936]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,244,1501,1522]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,244,1344,1365]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,244,1165,1186]" captionTargetBox-0="[244,1343,191,1897]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,1020,1479]" captionTargetBox-2="[332,1254,371,1322]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,191,1143]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[244,1344,191,1897]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,1020,1480]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[332,1254,371,1322]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[151,1436,191,1144]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Characidium helmeri, (a) holotype, MNRJ 42610, 40.4 mm SL, rio Ribeirão, tributary of rio Cahy, Bahia, Brazil; (b) paratype, MBML 531, 36.2 mm SL, rio Trancoso, Bahia, Brazil; (c) paratype, MZUSP 112653, 30.6 mm SL, rio Cahy Braço Norte, Bahia, Brazil; (d) paratype, MNRJ 29038, 23.2 mm SL, same data as holotype." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Paratype of Characidium helmeri, MZUSP 112666, 30.3 mm SL, stream on road between Barra do Cahy and Ponta do Corumbau, Bahia, Brazil; photographed live." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Head dorsum of Characidium helmeri, MBML 531, 30.1 mm SL, rio Trancoso, Bahia, Brazil. Arrow indicates vestigial supraorbital." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Pseudotympanum of Characidium helmeri, MZUSP 112666, 24.9 mm SL, rio Ribeirão, tributary of rio Cahy Braço Norte, Bahia, Brazil." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/241466/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/241467/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/241468/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/241469/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">Fig. 1–4</figureCitation>
)
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sp. 2— 
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Sarmento-Soares 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF85FFE7FDF3BFBB8350F9A9" box="[543,588,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">et al</emphasis>
., 2009
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: 146
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(species list).
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</paragraph>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FEF9BFFC807CF9E3" box="[277,352,1221,1244]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">MNRJ</collectionCode>
42610, 
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, 
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, Bahia, Prado, rio Ribeirão, on road between Cumuruxatiba and Corumbau, tributary of rio Cahy, 
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, 
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above sea level, L.M. Sarmento-Soares, R.F. Martins-Pinheiro, A.T. Aranda &amp; C.C. Chamon, 
<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FD56BE358254F81B" box="[698,840,1292,1316]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="2004-10-24">24 Oct 2004</date>
.
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s. All from 
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, Bahia. Prado: 
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29038, 14, 
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, 
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3834, 5, 
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, 
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7365, 1 CS, 
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, collected with 
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. 
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27003, 1, 
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above sea level, R.M.C. Castro, 
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. 
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74029, 4, 
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, 
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, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FB4CBEA585C0F88B" box="[1184,1244,1436,1460]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="m" value="33.0">33 m</quantity>
above sea level, Expedição 
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/ 
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, 
<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FE3BBEF98377F8E7" box="[471,619,1471,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="1985-03-20">20 Mar 1985</date>
. 
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<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FD35BE868233F8E7" box="[729,815,1471,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="66-11-26">112666</date>
, 24, 1 mol, 
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, rio Ribeirão, tributary of rio Cahy Braço Norte, on road between Barra do Cahy and Ponta do Corumbau, 
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, 
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, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FA87BEDD8480F8C3" box="[1387,1436,1508,1532]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="m" value="27.0">27m</quantity>
above sea level, 
<collectingCountry id="F3287678FF85FFE7FEA2BD318078FB1F" box="[334,356,1544,1568]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">O</collectingCountry>
.T. Oyakawa, A.M. Zanata, P. Camelier &amp; T.F. Teixeira, 
<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FC3ABD318542FB1F" box="[982,1118,1544,1568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="2012-08-09">9 Aug 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FB8BBD3185D8FB1F" box="[1127,1220,1544,1568]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FB27BD3E843DFB1F" box="[1227,1313,1543,1568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="53-11-26">112653</date>
, 21, 1 mol, rio Cahy Braço Norte, on road between Barra do Cahy and Ponta do Corumbau, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FBAEBD1585D9FB7A" box="[1090,1221,1580,1605]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-16.98611">16º59’10”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FB38BD15847DFB7A" box="[1236,1377,1580,1605]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-39.21472">39º12’53”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FA83BD158480FB7B" box="[1391,1436,1580,1604]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</quantity>
above sea level, 
<collectingCountry id="F3287678FF85FFE7FEB0BD69806EFB57" box="[348,370,1616,1640]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">O</collectingCountry>
.T. Oyakawa, A.M. Zanata, P. Camelier &amp; T.F. Teixeira, 
<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FBE6BD698586FB57" box="[1034,1178,1616,1640]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="2012-08-09">9 Aug 2012</date>
. Canavieiras: 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FAD3BD698480FB57" box="[1343,1436,1616,1640]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">MZUSP</collectionCode>
93899, 1, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FEE2BD4D8069FBB3" box="[270,373,1652,1676]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2399999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="mm" value="32.4">32.4 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FE93BD4D80BEFBB3" box="[383,418,1652,1676]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">SL</collectionCode>
, affluent of rio Salsa, tributary of rio Pardo on road between Ouricana and Pimenteira, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FF7BBDAE8002FB8F" box="[151,286,1687,1712]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-15.731388">15°43’53”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FEC0BDA180A7FB8F" box="[300,443,1688,1712]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-39.128887">39°07’44”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FE24BDA1831FFB90" box="[456,515,1688,1712]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="m" value="19.0">19 m</quantity>
above sea level, N.A. Menezes, 
<collectingCountry id="F3287678FF85FFE7FC93BDA18289FB8F" box="[895,917,1688,1712]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">O</collectingCountry>
.T. Oyakawa, L.M. Sousa &amp; J.C. Nolasco, 0 
<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FA63BDA1801AFBEA" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="2006-04-03">3 Apr 2006</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FEFDBD858072FBEB" box="[273,366,1724,1748]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FE9ABD8580D0FBEB" box="[374,460,1724,1748]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="33-11-24">112433</date>
, 1, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FE18BD858345FBEB" box="[500,601,1724,1748]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.22" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="mm" value="32.2">32.2 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FD8CBD85839FFBEB" box="[608,643,1724,1748]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">SL</collectionCode>
, affuent of rio Salsa, tributary of rio Pardo, on road between Ouricana and Pimenteira, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FEA2BDE680CEFBC7" box="[334,466,1759,1784]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-15.731944">15°43’55”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FE04BDE68364FBC7" box="[488,632,1759,1784]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-39.129166">39°07’45”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FD68BDD983A1FBC8" box="[644,701,1760,1784]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="m" value="24.0">24 m</quantity>
above sea level, 
<collectingCountry id="F3287678FF85FFE7FC92BDD98288FBC7" box="[894,916,1760,1784]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">O</collectingCountry>
.T. Oyakawa, A.M. Zanata, P. Camelier &amp; T.F. Teixeira, 
<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FEECBC3D808AFA23" box="[256,406,1796,1820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="2012-08-11">11 Aug 2012</date>
. Porto Seguro: 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FDAEBC3C838BFA23" box="[578,663,1797,1820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">MBML</collectionCode>
531, 18, 1 CS, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FCABBC3D82F7FA23" box="[839,1003,1796,1821]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.675" metricValueMax="3.63" metricValueMin="1.72" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="mm" value="26.75" valueMax="36.3" valueMin="17.2">17.2–36.3 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FC1DBC3D8508FA23" box="[1009,1044,1796,1820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">SL</collectionCode>
, and 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FBBCBC3C85BAFA23" box="[1104,1190,1797,1820]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">MBML</collectionCode>
7363, 1 CS, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FAD4BC3D8481FA23" box="[1336,1437,1796,1820]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.84" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="mm" value="28.4">28.4 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FF7BBC1181A6FA7F" box="[151,186,1832,1856]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">SL</collectionCode>
, rio Trancoso, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FE80BC1E80ECFA7F" box="[364,496,1831,1856]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-16.587502">16º35’15”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FE13BC1E8391FA7F" box="[511,653,1831,1856]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-39.094723">39º05’41”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FD77BC1183D6FA7F" box="[667,714,1832,1856]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="m" value="9.0">9 m</quantity>
above sea level, R.L. Teixeira &amp; G.I. Almeida, 0 
<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FAE3BC118485FA7F" box="[1295,1433,1832,1856]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="2001-04-07">7 Apr 2001</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FF7BBC7481F1FA5B" box="[151,237,1869,1892]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">MBML</collectionCode>
6633, 1, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FEBBBC7580A0FA5B" box="[343,444,1868,1892]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="mm" value="29.1">29.1 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FE2FBC7580FAFA5B" box="[451,486,1868,1892]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">SL</collectionCode>
, tributary of rio da Barra near boundaries of 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FC0CBC74853AFA5B" box="[992,1062,1869,1892]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">RPPN</collectionCode>
II Fazenda Sol Poente Trancoso, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FF7BBC568002FAB7" box="[151,286,1903,1928]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-16.530277">16°31’49”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FEC7BC5680A7FAB7" box="[299,443,1903,1928]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-39.14889">39°08’56”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FE2BBC49831EFAB7" box="[455,514,1904,1928]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FCB2BC4982E4FAB7" box="[862,1016,1904,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="2012-11-14">14 Nov 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FBE8BC488545FAB7" box="[1028,1113,1905,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">MBML</collectionCode>
6645, 2, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FB24BC568470FAB7" box="[1224,1388,1903,1928]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8649999999999998" metricValueMax="3.54" metricValueMin="2.19" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="mm" value="28.65" valueMax="35.4" valueMin="21.9">21.9–35.4 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FA99BC498484FAB7" box="[1397,1432,1904,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">SL</collectionCode>
, tributary of Córrego Manoelzinho, affluent of rio do Norte, rio da Barra microbasin in 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FBB6BCAC85BCFA93" box="[1114,1184,1941,1964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">RPPN</collectionCode>
II Fazenda Sol Poente in Trancoso village, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FE93BC81831AFAEE" box="[383,518,1976,2001]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-16.522223">16°31’20”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF85FFE7FDFEBC8183BDFAEF" box="[530,673,1976,2000]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" precision="15" value="-39.13667">39°08’12”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FD42BC8183F4FAEF" box="[686,744,1976,2000]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="m" value="31.0">31 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF85FFE7FBACBC8185C4FAEF" box="[1088,1240,1976,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" value="2012-11-17">17 Nov 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FB0FBC808424FAEF" box="[1251,1336,1977,2000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">MBML</collectionCode>
6652, 8, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF85FFE7FF7BBCE58026FACB" box="[151,314,2012,2037]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.34" metricValueMin="2.96" pageId="1" pageNumber="372" unit="mm" value="31.5" valueMax="33.4" valueMin="29.6">29.6–33.4 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FEACBCE5807FFACB" box="[320,355,2012,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">SL</collectionCode>
, rio do Norte, tributary of rio da Barra, near boundary of 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF85FFE7FC09BCE48537FACB" box="[997,1067,2013,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="372">RPPN</collectionCode>
V Fazenda Nova Esperança I in Trancoso, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FEE7BBAE808EFD8F" box="[267,402,151,176]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.544167">16°32’39”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FE71BBAE8331FD8F" box="[413,557,151,176]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-39.113888">39°06’50”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FDDBBBA1837EFD90" box="[567,610,152,176]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="9.0">9 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FC43BBA18529FD8F" box="[943,1077,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-07-20">20 Jul 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FBD2BBA18588FD90" box="[1086,1172,152,175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
6668, 4, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FB16BBAE8481FD90" box="[1274,1437,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7599999999999993" metricValueMax="3.9799999999999995" metricValueMin="3.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="37.599999999999994" valueMax="39.8" valueMin="35.4">35.4–39.8 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FF7BBB8581A6FDEB" box="[151,186,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, Córrego Manoelzinho, tributary of rio do Norte, affluent of rio da Barra 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FBCABB848570FDEB" box="[1062,1132,189,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">RPPN</collectionCode>
II Fazenda Sol Poente in Trancoso village, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FEB2BBE680F8FDC7" box="[350,484,223,248]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.5225">16°31’21”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FE1CBBD98363FDC7" box="[496,639,224,248]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-39.14139">39°08’29”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FD66BBE683DEFDC8" box="[650,706,223,248]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="56.0">56 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FBFCBBE685B9FDC7" box="[1040,1189,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-11-16">16 Nov 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FB43BBD98418FDC8" box="[1199,1284,224,247]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
6673, 1, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FA87BBD981DFFC23" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.73" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="27.3">27.3 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FF26BA3D81F1FC23" box="[202,237,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, rio do Norte, tributary of rio da Barra, near boundary of 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FC98BA3C82A6FC23" box="[884,954,261,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">RPPN</collectionCode>
V Fazenda Nova Esperança I in Trancoso, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FF7BBA1E8001FC7F" box="[151,285,295,320]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.544167">16°32’39”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FEC7BA1E80A7FC7F" box="[299,443,295,320]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-39.113888">39°06’50”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FE2BBA1180E8FC00" box="[455,500,296,320]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="9.0">9 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FCBDBA1E82F6FC7F" box="[849,1002,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-11-16">16 Nov 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FC1ABA118550FC00" box="[1014,1100,296,319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
6680, 10, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FB24BA1E8470FC00" box="[1224,1388,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" metricValueMax="2.86" metricValueMin="1.8199999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="23.4" valueMax="28.6" valueMin="18.2">18.2–28.6 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FA99BA118484FC7F" box="[1397,1432,296,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio do Norte, tributary of rio da Barra in 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FD9CBA7483AAFC5B" box="[624,694,333,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">RPPN</collectionCode>
rio do 
<collectingCountry id="F3287678FF87FFE5FCE5BA758250FC5A" box="[777,844,332,357]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">Brasil</collectingCountry>
in Trancoso, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FC04BA758572FC5A" box="[1000,1134,332,357]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.51111">16°30’40”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FB97BA758417FC5B" box="[1147,1291,332,356]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-39.1425">39°08’33”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FAFBBA75844DFC5B" box="[1303,1361,332,357]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FE73BA498334FCB7" box="[415,552,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-07-23">23 Jul 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FDD8BA498396FCB8" box="[564,650,368,391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
6688, 9, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FD14BA568280FCB8" box="[760,924,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.685" metricValueMax="2.7199999999999998" metricValueMin="2.65" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="26.85" valueMax="27.2" valueMin="26.5">26.5–27.2 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FC48BA4982DBFCB7" box="[932,967,368,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio da Barra near boundary of 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FAD7BA49849DFCB8" box="[1339,1409,368,391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">RPPN</collectionCode>
II Fazenda Sol Poente in Trancoso village, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FDB3BAAD83FAFC92" box="[607,742,404,429]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.538332">16°32’18”S</geoCoordinate>
, 39°08’34’W, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FC65BAAD82DEFC93" box="[905,962,404,428]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FAFFBAAD8485FC93" box="[1299,1433,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-07-19">19 Jul 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FF7BBA8181F1FCF0" box="[151,237,440,463]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
6700, 10, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FE88BA81831BFCF0" box="[356,519,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.82" metricValueMax="3.21" metricValueMin="2.43" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="28.2" valueMax="32.1" valueMin="24.3">24.3–32.1 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FDE2BA81832DFCEF" box="[526,561,440,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, and 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FD81BA8183DEFCF0" box="[621,706,440,463]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
7368, 1 CS, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FCB9BA8E82A5FCF0" box="[853,953,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.68" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="26.8">26.8 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FC2CBA8182FFFCEF" box="[960,995,440,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio do Norte, tributary of rio da Barra in 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FF57BAE4801DFCCB" box="[187,257,477,500]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">RPPN</collectionCode>
III Fazenda Sol Nascente, in Trancoso village, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FCBCBAE582C4FCCA" box="[848,984,476,501]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.528889">16°31’44”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FC06BAE58565FCCB" box="[1002,1145,476,500]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-39.121666">39°07’18”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FB61BAE585D1FCCB" box="[1165,1229,476,500]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="24.0">24 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L.Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FECEB93980B4FF27" box="[290,424,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-07-20">20 Jul 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FE5EB939831BFF28" box="[434,519,512,535]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
6708, 5, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FD9DBAC6820FFF28" box="[625,787,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.09" metricValueMax="3.7299999999999995" metricValueMin="2.45" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="30.9" valueMax="37.3" valueMin="24.5">24.5–37.3 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FCF6B9398221FF27" box="[794,829,512,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio da Barra, near boundary of 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FB40B93985EEFF28" box="[1196,1266,512,535]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">RPPN</collectionCode>
II Fazenda Sol Poente and Parque Nacional do Pau 
<collectingCountry id="F3287678FF87FFE5FDBFB91D838AFF02" box="[595,662,548,573]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">Brasil</collectingCountry>
near Trancoso, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FCB7B91D82FEFF02" box="[859,994,548,573]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.529167">16°31’45”S</geoCoordinate>
, 39°09’02’W, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FB7EB91D85CDFF03" box="[1170,1233,548,572]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="32.0">32 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L.Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FECBB97180A5FF5F" box="[295,441,583,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-07-20">20 Jul 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FE25B9718302FF60" box="[457,542,584,607]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
6710, 13, 22,2– 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FD1DB97E8247FF60" box="[753,859,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="31.5">31.5 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FC8BB9718296FF5F" box="[871,906,584,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio da Barra after 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FB6EB97185D4FF60" box="[1154,1224,584,607]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">RPPN</collectionCode>
V Fazenda Nova Esperança I, in Trancoso village, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FDE1B955838FFFBA" box="[525,659,620,645]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.545555">16°32’44”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FD73B9558233FFBA" box="[671,815,620,645]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-39.116386">39°06’59”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FCD6B9558279FFBB" box="[826,869,620,644]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="9.0">9 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FB5AB9558421FFBB" box="[1206,1341,620,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-07-20">20 Jul 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FAABB9548480FFBB" box="[1351,1436,621,644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
6720, 6, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FF14B9B68086FF98" box="[248,410,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.52" metricValueMax="3.05" metricValueMin="1.9899999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="25.2" valueMax="30.5" valueMin="19.9">19.9–30.5 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FE4DB9A980D8FF97" box="[417,452,656,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, córrego Manuelzinho, tributary of rio do Norte, tributary of rio da Barra in the 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FAD1B9A9849FFF98" box="[1341,1411,656,679]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">RPPN</collectionCode>
II F Sol Poente in Trancoso, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FE28B98D8322FFF2" box="[452,574,692,717]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.5225">16°31’21”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FDA9B98D83C9FFF3" box="[581,725,692,716]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-39.14139">39°08’29”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FD0CB98D8206FFF3" box="[736,794,692,717]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="55.0">55 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FB82B98D85E9FFF3" box="[1134,1269,692,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-07-21">21 Jul 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FAECB98C8449FFF3" box="[1280,1365,693,716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
6725, 2, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FF58B9E18044FFD0" box="[180,344,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.225" metricValueMax="4.07" metricValueMin="2.38" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="32.25" valueMax="40.7" valueMin="23.8">23.8–40.7 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FEB3B9E1809EFFCF" box="[351,386,728,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, Córrego Manoelzinho, tributary of rio do Norte, tributary of rio da Barra, 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FB3AB9E18400FFD0" box="[1238,1308,728,751]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">RPPN</collectionCode>
II Fazenda Sol Poente in Trancoso, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FE4AB9C58331FE2A" box="[422,557,764,789]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.5225">16°31’21”S</geoCoordinate>
, 39°08’29’W, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FD23B9C58214FE2B" box="[719,776,764,789]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="55.0">55 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FBBBB9C585C0FE2B" box="[1111,1244,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-07-24">24 Jul 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FB0AB9C48427FE2B" box="[1254,1339,765,788]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
6755, 2, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FF7BB826805CFE08" box="[151,320,799,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.325" metricValueMax="3.66" metricValueMin="2.9899999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="33.25" valueMax="36.6" valueMin="29.9">29.9–36.6 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FEA1B819806CFE07" box="[333,368,800,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio da Barra near boundary of 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FCEAB8198250FE08" box="[774,844,800,823]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">RPPN</collectionCode>
II Fazenda Sol Poente in Trancoso, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FAFDB826848BFE07" box="[1297,1431,799,824]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.538332">16°32’18”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FF7BB87D803AFE63" box="[151,294,836,860]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-39.14278">39°08’34”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FEDEB87D8070FE63" box="[306,364,836,860]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FD2FB87D8246FE63" box="[707,858,836,860]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-11-14">14 Nov 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FC8AB87C82A7FE63" box="[870,955,837,860]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
6757, 2, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FBCBB87D85D6FE63" box="[1063,1226,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" metricValueMax="3.16" metricValueMin="2.66" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="29.1" valueMax="31.6" valueMin="26.6">26.6–31.6 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FB3EB87D85E9FE63" box="[1234,1269,836,860]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio do Norte, tributary of rio da Barra in 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FE20B851830EFE40" box="[460,530,872,895]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">RPPN</collectionCode>
rio do 
<collectingCountry id="F3287678FF87FFE5FD89B85E83B4FEBF" box="[613,680,871,896]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">Brasil</collectingCountry>
in Trancoso, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FCA8B85E82D7FEBF" box="[836,971,871,896]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.51111">16°30’40”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FC34B851857BFEBF" box="[984,1127,872,896]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-39.1425">39°08’33”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FB98B85E85B2FE40" box="[1140,1198,871,896]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FF15B8B5808FFE9B" box="[249,403,908,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2012-11-16">16 Nov 2012</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FE72B8B480EFFE9B" box="[414,499,909,932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
3963, 4, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FD8EB8B5821AFE9B" box="[610,774,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2649999999999997" metricValueMax="3.56" metricValueMin="2.9699999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="32.65" valueMax="35.6" valueMin="29.7">29.7–35.6 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FCE3B8B5822EFE9B" box="[783,818,908,932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, rio das Águas, tributary of rio Trancoso, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FAFFB8B58484FE9A" box="[1299,1432,908,933]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-16.55361">16º33’13”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B502FFF87FFE5FF7BB8898038FEF7" box="[151,292,944,968]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" precision="15" value="-39.1675">39º10’03”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FEC3B8898074FEF8" box="[303,360,944,968]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="m" value="42.0">42 m</quantity>
above sea level, J.L. Helmer, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FD54B8898220FEF7" box="[696,828,944,968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2010-12-09">9 Dec 2010</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FCABB8898281FEF8" box="[839,925,944,967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">MBML</collectionCode>
3969, 1, 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF87FFE5FBE9B8968575FEF8" box="[1029,1129,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" unit="mm" value="21.5">21.5 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE2DFF87FFE5FB9CB889858FFEF7" box="[1136,1171,944,968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">SL</collectionCode>
, same data, 
<date id="FF811028FF87FFE5FAF7B8898485FEF7" box="[1307,1433,944,968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" value="2010-06-08">8 Jun 2010</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF406660FF86FFE4FF7BBC42855CFAEC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241466/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="373" targetBox="[244,1343,191,1897]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF86FFE4FF7BBC42855CFAEC" blockId="2.[151,1436,1915,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="373">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF86FFE4FF7BBC428011FAAF" bold="true" box="[151,269,1915,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="373">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF86FFE4FEFFBC4280F1FAAF" box="[275,493,1915,1936]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="373" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF86FFE4FEFFBC4280F1FAAF" box="[275,493,1915,1936]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="373">Characidium helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (a) holotype, MNRJ 42610, 40.4 mm SL, rio Ribeirão, tributary of rio Cahy, Bahia, Brazil; (b) paratype, MBML 531, 36.2 mm SL, rio Trancoso, Bahia, Brazil; (c) paratype, MZUSP 112653, 30.6 mm SL, rio Cahy Braço Norte, Bahia, Brazil; (d) paratype, MNRJ 29038, 23.2 mm SL, same data as holotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF406660FF87FFE5FF7BBEE48354FB30" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241467/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" targetBox="[151,1436,1020,1479]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF87FFE5FF7BBEE48354FB30" blockId="3.[151,1436,1501,1551]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FF7BBEE4801BF8CD" bold="true" box="[151,263,1501,1522]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
. Paratype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FE66BEE48345F8CD" box="[394,601,1501,1522]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FE66BEE48345F8CD" box="[394,601,1501,1522]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">Characidium helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, MZUSP 112666, 30.3 mm SL, stream on road between Barra do Cahy and Ponta do Corumbau, Bahia, Brazil; photographed live.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3256563FF87FFE2FF2BBD59844EFCCA" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="375" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF87FFE2FF2BBD59844EFCCA" blockId="3.[151,1437,1632,2017]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,152,501]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="375" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FF2BBD59805DFB46" bold="true" box="[199,321,1632,1657]" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FEA7BD598322FB47" box="[331,574,1632,1656]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FEA7BD598322FB47" box="[331,574,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">Characidium helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from congeners by having dark, vertically elongated, irregular, narrow spots or dashes, usually more evident over the midlateral stripe and/or ventral half of body, formed by high concentration of melanophores on the posterior half of scales, occurring in a somewhat curved or zigzag-shape. Also differs from congeners by having extremely reduced or complete absence of supraorbital. The new species further differs by having lateral line reduced (
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FCB5BDC8826CFA37" box="[857,880,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">vs</emphasis>
. complete, except in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FB9BBDC9846DFA36" authority="Almeida" authorityName="Almeida" box="[1143,1393,1776,1801]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bahiense">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FB9BBDC9841DFA37" box="[1143,1281,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. bahiense</emphasis>
Almeida
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FA6EBDC98092FA12" authority="Pellegrin" authorityName="Pellegrin" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interruptum">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FA6EBDC98001FA13" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. interruptum</emphasis>
Pellegrin
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FE70BC2C83B5FA12" authority="Boulenger" authorityName="Boulenger" box="[412,681,1812,1837]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laterale">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FE70BC2C80B3FA13" box="[412,431,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FE52BC2D8309FA13" box="[446,533,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">laterale</emphasis>
(Boulenger)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FD5ABC2C85D8FA12" authority="Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli &amp; Buckup" authorityName="Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli &amp; Buckup" box="[694,1220,1812,1837]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirim">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FD5ABC2C8201FA13" box="[694,797,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. mirim</emphasis>
Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli &amp; Buckup
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FB3EBC2C809BFA6E" authority="Graca, Pavanelli &amp; Buckup" authorityName="Graca, Pavanelli &amp; Buckup" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nupelia">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FB3EBC2C85F9FA13" box="[1234,1253,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FB19BC2D8455FA13" box="[1269,1353,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">nupelia</emphasis>
Graça, Pavanelli &amp; Buckup
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FE7BBC01836DFA6E" authority="Regan" authorityName="Regan" box="[407,625,1848,1873]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rachovii">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FE7BBC0180B6FA70" box="[407,426,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FE51BC018306FA6F" box="[445,538,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">rachovii</emphasis>
Regan
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FD6DBC0182F2FA6E" authority="Melo &amp; Buckup" authorityName="Melo &amp; Buckup" box="[641,1006,1848,1873]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmosum">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FD6DBC018203FA6F" box="[641,799,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. stigmosum</emphasis>
Melo &amp; Buckup
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FBDFBC0181EFFA4A" authority="Graca, Pavanelli &amp; Buckup" authorityName="Graca, Pavanelli &amp; Buckup" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xavante">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FBDFBC0185ACFA6F" box="[1075,1200,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. xavante</emphasis>
Graça, Pavanelli &amp; Buckup
</taxonomicName>
); adipose fin absent (
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FE1DBC648314FA4B" box="[497,520,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">vs</emphasis>
. present, except in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FD1FBC648247FA4B" box="[755,859,1885,1908]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirim">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FD1FBC648247FA4B" box="[755,859,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. mirim</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FC81BC6482FAFA4B" box="[877,998,1884,1908]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nupelia">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FC81BC6482FAFA4B" box="[877,998,1884,1908]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. nupelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FC15BC648589FA4B" box="[1017,1173,1885,1908]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmosum">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FC15BC648589FA4B" box="[1017,1173,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. stigmosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FB37BC64844BFA4B" box="[1243,1367,1885,1908]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xavante">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FB37BC64844BFA4B" box="[1243,1367,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. xavante</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); and isthmus naked on its anteriormost portion (
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FD93BCB8838AFAA7" box="[639,662,1921,1944]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">vs</emphasis>
. isthmus completely covered by scales in most congeners, except in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FF7BBC9C809AFA83" authority="Travassos" authorityName="Travassos" box="[151,390,1956,1980]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alipioi">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FF7BBC9C801AFA83" box="[151,262,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. alipioi</emphasis>
Travassos
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FE7ABC9C83D5FA82" authority="Steindachner" authorityName="Steindachner" box="[406,713,1956,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boavistae">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FE7ABC9C8334FA83" box="[406,552,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. boavistae</emphasis>
Steindachner
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FD36BC9C8511FA82" authority="Steindachner" authorityName="Steindachner" box="[730,1037,1956,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crandellii">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FD36BC9C8271FA83" box="[730,877,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. crandellii</emphasis>
Steindachner
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FBF3BC9C846DFA82" authority="Steindachner" authorityName="Steindachner" box="[1055,1393,1956,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="declivirostre">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FBF3BC9C85CCFA83" box="[1055,1232,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. declivirostre</emphasis>
Steindachner
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FA6EBC9C809FFADE" authority="Reinhardt" authorityName="Reinhardt" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatum">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FA6EBC9C8018FADF" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. fasciatum</emphasis>
Reinhardt
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FE79BCF08391FADF" authority="Travassos" authorityName="Travassos" box="[405,653,1993,2016]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FE79BCF08310FADF" box="[405,524,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. gomesi</emphasis>
Travassos
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FD73BCF082C4FADF" authority="Travassos" authorityName="Travassos" box="[671,984,1992,2016]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grajahuensis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FD73BCF08244FADF" box="[671,856,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. grajahuensis</emphasis>
Travassos
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE5FC06BCF08402FADF" authority="Travassos" authorityName="Travassos" box="[1002,1310,1992,2016]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japuhybense">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FC06BCF082E1FADF" box="[1002,1021,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FBFEBCF18582FADF" box="[1042,1182,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">japuhybense</emphasis>
Travassos
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF87FFE2FADDBCF08015FD90" authority="Travassos" authorityName="Travassos" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="375" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lauroi">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF87FFE5FADDBCF08480FADF" box="[1329,1436,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="374">C. lauroi</emphasis>
Travassos
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FEFABBA1834FFD8F" authority="Peters" authorityName="Peters" box="[278,595,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrolepidotum">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FEFABBA180ECFD8F" box="[278,496,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C. macrolepidotum</emphasis>
(Peters)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FD8DBBA18240FD90" authority="Travassos" authorityName="Travassos" box="[609,860,152,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oiticicai">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FD8DBBA183FCFD90" box="[609,736,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C. oiticicai</emphasis>
Travassos
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FC86BBA1856EFD90" authority="Travassos" authorityName="Travassos" box="[874,1138,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schubarti">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FC86BBA182EBFD8F" box="[874,1015,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C. schubarti</emphasis>
Travassos
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FB6CBBA18484FD90" authority="Travassos" authorityName="Travassos" box="[1152,1432,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="timbuiense">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FB6CBBA18400FD8F" box="[1152,1308,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C. timbuiense</emphasis>
Travassos
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FF2BBB8580B8FDEB" authority="Travassos" authorityName="Travassos" box="[199,420,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vidali">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FF2BBB858034FDEB" box="[199,296,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C. vidali</emphasis>
Travassos
</taxonomicName>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FE5BBB8583B4FDEB" box="[439,680,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FE5BBB8583B4FDEB" box="[439,680,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Characidium helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FCD2BB8582DFFDEB" box="[830,963,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bahiense">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FCD2BB8582DFFDEB" box="[830,963,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C. bahiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FC3EBB858565FDEB" box="[978,1145,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interruptum">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FC3EBB858565FDEB" box="[978,1145,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C. interruptum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FB64BB85841CFDEB" box="[1160,1280,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laterale">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FB64BB858587FDEC" box="[1160,1179,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FB45BB85841CFDEB" box="[1193,1280,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">laterale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FAE3BB858468FDEB" box="[1295,1396,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirim">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FAE3BB858468FDEB" box="[1295,1396,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C. mirim</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FA6EBB8581F7FDC7" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nupelia">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FA6EBB858489FDEC" box="[1410,1429,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FF7BBBD981F7FDC7" box="[151,235,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">nupelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FF15BBD9806BFDC7" box="[249,375,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rachovii">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FF15BBD98010FDC8" box="[249,268,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FEF6BBD9806BFDC7" box="[282,375,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">rachovii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FE42BBD9833AFDC7" box="[430,550,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xavante">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FE42BBD9833AFDC7" box="[430,550,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C. xavante</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having higher number of pored lateral line scales (13–22 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FB39BBD885F0FDC7" box="[1237,1260,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">vs</emphasis>
. 5–11) and two series of dentary teeth (vs. one). The new species further differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FC73BA3D8508FC23" box="[927,1044,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nupelia">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FC73BA3D8508FC23" box="[927,1044,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C. nupelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FBA5BA3D85DCFC23" box="[1097,1216,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xavante">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FBA5BA3D85DCFC23" box="[1097,1216,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C. xavante</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a dark humeral blotch (vs. present) smaller number of dark vertical bars on the body, 7–12 when present (vs. 12–18). 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FF7BBA758094FC5B" box="[151,392,332,356]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FF7BBA758094FC5B" box="[151,392,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Characidium helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FD2DBA758276FC5B" box="[705,874,332,356]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vestigipinne">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FD2DBA7583C8FC5C" box="[705,724,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FD0FBA748276FC5B" box="[739,874,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">vestigipinne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a species with adipose fin absent or reduced, by having two dentary rows of teeth, the outer with tricuspid teeth (vs. one row of conical teeth); 4 scales above lateral line and 4 below (vs. 5 above; and 5 or 6 below); and absence of roundish black marks on pelvic, dorsal, and anal fins (vs. presence). It can be further distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FCF4BA8182AFFCF0" box="[792,947,440,463]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmosum">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FCF4BA818237FCF0" box="[792,811,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FCD7BA8182AFFCF0" box="[827,947,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">stigmosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by presence of a black basicaudal dot (vs. absence), and by having pelvic, pectoral, anal, and caudal fins not dark pigmented in males (vs. pigmented).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF406660FF80FFE2FF7BB91A8343FF69" ID-Table-UUID="DF406660FF80FFE2FF7BB91A8343FF69" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF406660FF80FFE2FF7BB91A8343FF69" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" targetBox="[159,1326,625,1643]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF80FFE2FF7BB91A8343FF69" blockId="4.[151,1436,547,598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FF7BB91A801CFF07" bold="true" box="[151,256,547,568]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphometric data of holotype and paratypes of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF80FFE2FD0FB91A82AEFF07" box="[739,946,547,568]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FD0FB91A82AEFF07" box="[739,946,547,568]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Characidium helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(number of specimens measured = 44). The range includes the holotype. SD = standard deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF80FFE2FD15B9488431FB54" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<table id="F93FC448FF800019FF73B9488432FB54" box="[159,1326,625,1643]" gridcols="5" gridrows="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73B9488432FFB9" box="[159,1326,625,646]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15B948824EFFB9" box="[761,850,625,646]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Holotype</th>
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73B9488516FFB9" box="[927,1034,625,646]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Range</th>
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CB94885A4FFB9" box="[1152,1208,625,646]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Mean</th>
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3B9488432FFB9" box="[1295,1326,625,646]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">SD</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73B9A78432FF8C" box="[159,1326,670,691]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73B9A780B8FF8C" box="[159,420,670,691]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Total length (mm)</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15B9A7824EFF8C" box="[761,850,670,691]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">51.6</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73B9A78516FF8C" box="[927,1034,670,691]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">26.7–51.6</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CB9A785A4FF8C" box="[1152,1208,670,691]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">–</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3B9A78432FF8C" box="[1295,1326,670,691]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73B9F58432FFDE" box="[159,1326,716,737]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73B9F580B8FFDE" box="[159,420,716,737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Standard length (mm)</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15B9F5824EFFDE" box="[761,850,716,737]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">40.4</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73B9F58516FFDE" box="[927,1034,716,737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">20.1–40.4</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CB9F585A4FFDE" box="[1152,1208,716,737]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">–</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3B9F58432FFDE" box="[1295,1326,716,737]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73B9C08432FE31" box="[159,1326,761,782]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73B9C080B8FE31" box="[159,420,761,782]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Percents of standard length</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73B81F8432FE04" box="[159,1326,806,827]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73B81F80B8FE04" box="[159,420,806,827]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Depth at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15B81F824EFE04" box="[761,850,806,827]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">30.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73B81F8516FE04" box="[927,1034,806,827]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">23.8–30.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CB81F85A4FE04" box="[1152,1208,806,827]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">26.6</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3B81F8432FE04" box="[1295,1326,806,827]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73B86D8432FE56" box="[159,1326,852,873]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73B86D80B8FE56" box="[159,420,852,873]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Depth at anal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15B86D824EFE56" box="[761,850,852,873]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">22.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73B86D8516FE56" box="[927,1034,852,873]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">16.3–22.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CB86D85A4FE56" box="[1152,1208,852,873]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">18.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3B86D8432FE56" box="[1295,1326,852,873]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73B8B88432FEA9" box="[159,1326,897,918]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73B8B880B8FEA9" box="[159,420,897,918]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Caudal-peduncle depth</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15B8B8824EFEA9" box="[761,850,897,918]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">13.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73B8B88516FEA9" box="[927,1034,897,918]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">11.0–14.5</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CB8B885A4FEA9" box="[1152,1208,897,918]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">12.8</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3B8B88432FEA9" box="[1295,1326,897,918]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73B8978432FEFC" box="[159,1326,942,963]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73B89780B8FEFC" box="[159,420,942,963]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Caudal-peduncle length</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15B897824EFEFC" box="[761,850,942,963]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">18.8</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73B8978516FEFC" box="[927,1034,942,963]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">15.9–21.6</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CB89785A4FEFC" box="[1152,1208,942,963]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">19.0</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3B8978432FEFC" box="[1295,1326,942,963]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73B8E58432FECE" box="[159,1326,988,1009]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73B8E580B8FECE" box="[159,420,988,1009]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Snout to dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15B8E5824EFECE" box="[761,850,988,1009]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">49.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73B8E58516FECE" box="[927,1034,988,1009]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">46.7–52.2</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CB8E585A4FECE" box="[1152,1208,988,1009]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">49.0</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3B8E58432FECE" box="[1295,1326,988,1009]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BF308432F921" box="[159,1326,1033,1054]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BF3080B8F921" box="[159,420,1033,1054]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Snout to pectoral-fin origin</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BF30824EF921" box="[761,850,1033,1054]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">23.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BF308516F921" box="[927,1034,1033,1054]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">22.6–29.4</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBF3085A4F921" box="[1152,1208,1033,1054]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">26.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BF308432F921" box="[1295,1326,1033,1054]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BF0F8432F974" box="[159,1326,1078,1099]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BF0F80B8F974" box="[159,420,1078,1099]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Snout to pelvic-fin origin</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BF0F824EF974" box="[761,850,1078,1099]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">54.0</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BF0F8516F974" box="[927,1034,1078,1099]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">51.2–56.7</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBF0F85A4F974" box="[1152,1208,1078,1099]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">53.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BF0F8432F974" box="[1295,1326,1078,1099]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BF5D8432F946" box="[159,1326,1124,1145]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BF5D80B8F946" box="[159,420,1124,1145]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Snout to anal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BF5D824EF946" box="[761,850,1124,1145]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">77.2</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BF5D8516F946" box="[927,1034,1124,1145]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">72.7–79.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBF5D85A4F946" box="[1152,1208,1124,1145]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">76.7</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BF5D8432F946" box="[1295,1326,1124,1145]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BFA88432F999" box="[159,1326,1169,1190]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BFA880B8F999" box="[159,420,1169,1190]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Anal-apex distance</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BFA8824EF999" box="[761,850,1169,1190]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">98.5</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BFA88516F999" box="[927,1034,1169,1190]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">94.2–100.7</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBFA885A4F999" box="[1152,1208,1169,1190]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">98.0</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BFA88432F999" box="[1295,1326,1169,1190]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BF878432F9EC" box="[159,1326,1214,1235]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BF8780B8F9EC" box="[159,420,1214,1235]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Body width</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BF87824EF9EC" box="[761,850,1214,1235]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">16.8</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BF878516F9EC" box="[927,1034,1214,1235]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">12.4–16.8</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBF8785A4F9EC" box="[1152,1208,1214,1235]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">14.2</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BF878432F9EC" box="[1295,1326,1214,1235]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BFD58432F83E" box="[159,1326,1260,1281]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BFD580B8F83E" box="[159,420,1260,1281]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Head length</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BFD5824EF83E" box="[761,850,1260,1281]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">23.5</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BFD58516F83E" box="[927,1034,1260,1281]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">22.3–28.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBFD585A4F83E" box="[1152,1208,1260,1281]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">25.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BFD58432F83E" box="[1295,1326,1260,1281]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BE208432F811" box="[159,1326,1305,1326]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BE2080B8F811" box="[159,420,1305,1326]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Percents of head length</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BE7F8432F864" box="[159,1326,1350,1371]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BE7F80B8F864" box="[159,420,1350,1371]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Horizontal eye diameter</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BE7F824EF864" box="[761,850,1350,1371]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">26.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BE7F8516F864" box="[927,1034,1350,1371]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">26.3–34.4</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBE7F85A4F864" box="[1152,1208,1350,1371]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">31.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BE7F8432F864" box="[1295,1326,1350,1371]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BE4D8432F8B6" box="[159,1326,1396,1417]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BE4D80B8F8B6" box="[159,420,1396,1417]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Snout length</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BE4D824EF8B6" box="[761,850,1396,1417]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">20.0</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BE4D8516F8B6" box="[927,1034,1396,1417]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">19.0–25.4</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBE4D85A4F8B6" box="[1152,1208,1396,1417]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">21.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BE4D8432F8B6" box="[1295,1326,1396,1417]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BE988432F889" box="[159,1326,1441,1462]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BE9880B8F889" box="[159,420,1441,1462]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Snout to maxillary tip</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BE98824EF889" box="[761,850,1441,1462]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">26.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BE988516F889" box="[927,1034,1441,1462]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">22.8–29.2</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBE9885A4F889" box="[1152,1208,1441,1462]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">25.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BE988432F889" box="[1295,1326,1441,1462]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BEF78432F8DC" box="[159,1326,1486,1507]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BEF780B8F8DC" box="[159,420,1486,1507]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Anterior naris to orbit</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BEF7824EF8DC" box="[761,850,1486,1507]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">9.5</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BEF78516F8DC" box="[927,1034,1486,1507]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">6.3–11.6</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBEF785A4F8DC" box="[1152,1208,1486,1507]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">9.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BEF78432F8DC" box="[1295,1326,1486,1507]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BEC58432FB2E" box="[159,1326,1532,1553]" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BEC580B8FB2E" box="[159,420,1532,1553]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Posterior naris to orbit</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BEC5824EFB2E" box="[761,850,1532,1553]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">4.2</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BEC58516FB2E" box="[927,1034,1532,1553]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">2.8–5.1</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBEC585A4FB2E" box="[1152,1208,1532,1553]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">3.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BEC58432FB2E" box="[1295,1326,1532,1553]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BD108432FB01" box="[159,1326,1577,1598]" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BD1080B8FB01" box="[159,420,1577,1598]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Cheek depth</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BD10824EFB01" box="[761,850,1577,1598]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">9.5</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BD108516FB01" box="[927,1034,1577,1598]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">6.2–11.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBD1085A4FB01" box="[1152,1208,1577,1598]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">8.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BD108432FB01" box="[1295,1326,1577,1598]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350F34AAFF800019FF73BD6F8432FB54" box="[159,1326,1622,1643]" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<th id="76DE5DD6FF800019FF73BD6F80B8FB54" box="[159,420,1622,1643]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Least interorbital width</th>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FD15BD6F824EFB54" box="[761,850,1622,1643]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">17.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FC73BD6F8516FB54" box="[927,1034,1622,1643]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">13.1–17.9</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FB6CBD6F85A4FB54" box="[1152,1208,1622,1643]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">15.3</td>
<td id="76DE5DD6FF800019FAE3BD6F8432FB54" box="[1295,1326,1622,1643]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">1.3</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C3256563FF80FFE1FF2BBD8C820AFF97" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="378" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF80FFE3FF2BBD8C839FFC7F" blockId="4.[151,1437,1717,2030]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,320]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="376" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF80FFE2FF2BBD8C8045FBF1" bold="true" box="[199,345,1717,1742]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data of 
<typeStatus id="5484884AFF80FFE2FD8DBD8C83DFFBF1" box="[609,707,1717,1742]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and selected 
<typeStatus id="5484884AFF80FFE2FCB3BD8F82D6FBF1" box="[863,970,1718,1742]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
presented in 
<tableCitation id="C6BD0353FF80FFE2FB88BD8C85A5FBF1" box="[1124,1209,1717,1742]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,231,547,568]" captionTargetBox="[159,1326,625,1643]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric data of holotype and paratypes of Characidium helmeri (number of specimens measured = 44). The range includes the holotype. SD = standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF406660FF80FFE2FF7BB91A8343FF69" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" tableUuid="DF406660FF80FFE2FF7BB91A8343FF69">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Body elongate and moderately compressed. Greatest body depth at vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile convex from upper lip to end of occipital process, slightly convex or straight from this point to origin of dorsal-fin base, convex along dorsal-fin base, almost straight between end of dorsal-fin base to origin of anteriormost dorsal procurrent caudal-fin ray. Ventral profile of head straight, except for slightly convex portion close to dentary symphysis, slightly convex from isthmus to pelvic-fin origin, straight from latter point to anal-fin origin, straight from this point to origin of anteriormost ventral procurrent caudal-fin ray. Snout triangular in lateral view, rounded dorsally. Mouth subterminal, aligned or slightly lower than ventral edge of the orbit. Distal tip of maxilla barely reaching vertical through anterior margin of orbit. Orbit approximately round, larger than snout length. Cheek thin, its depth approximately one third to one sixth of orbit diameter. Nares separated; anterior naris with raised margins, mainly on its posterior border; posterior naris considerably closer to orbit than to anterior naris and with skin flap on its anterior border. Supraorbital absent or extremely reduced and present solely in one side of head (
<figureCitation id="13042A6DFF81FFE3FB11BBE6845FFDC7" box="[1277,1347,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,244,1344,1365]" captionTargetBox="[332,1254,371,1322]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[332,1254,371,1322]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Head dorsum of Characidium helmeri, MBML 531, 30.1 mm SL, rio Trancoso, Bahia, Brazil. Arrow indicates vestigial supraorbital." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241468/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Nasal bones restricted to the ossified canal, without lateral lamella. Parietal fontanel limited anteriorly by frontals. Parietal branch of supraorbital canal absent.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF406660FF81FFE3FF7BBE79800DF84D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241468/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" targetBox="[332,1254,371,1322]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF81FFE3FF7BBE79800DF84D" blockId="5.[151,1436,1344,1394]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF81FFE3FF7BBE798011F86A" bold="true" box="[151,269,1344,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Head dorsum of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF81FFE3FE5ABE798398F86A" box="[438,644,1344,1365]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF81FFE3FE5ABE798398F86A" box="[438,644,1344,1365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Characidium helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, MBML 531, 30.1 mm SL, rio Trancoso, Bahia, Brazil. Arrow indicates vestigial supraorbital.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF81FFE3FF2BBEFD8304FB53" blockId="5.[151,1436,1475,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Dentary teeth in two rows; outer series with 6(6), 7(23), 8*(16) or 9(4) teeth, anterior tricuspid, 3 or 4 posterior unicuspid; teeth decreasing in size from symphysis; inner series with 9(2) or 12(1) several minute conical teeth inserted on edge of replacement tooth trench. Premaxilla with single series of 5(3), 6*(29), or 7 (14) conical teeth, decreasing in size from symphysis. Maxillary edentulous. Ectopterygoid with a single series of 8(1) or 9(1) conical teeth. Mesopterygoid teeth absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF81FFE3FF2BBD4F8250FA58" blockId="5.[151,1436,1475,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">
Scales cycloid; 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF81FFE3FE94BD4E80D4FBB0" box="[376,456,1655,1679]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">circulii</emphasis>
absent and around 10 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF81FFE3FD26BD4E821CFBB0" box="[714,768,1655,1679]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">radii</emphasis>
present on exposed portion of scales. Lateral line reduced; perforated scales 13*(7), 14(8), 15(6), 16(3), 17(7), 18(7), 19(2), 20(1), 22(1); total scales along longitudinal line 30(2), 31(12), 32*(22) or 33(5); horizontal scale rows above lateral line 4*(43); horizontal scale rows below lateral line 4*(43). Scales along middorsal line between supraoccipital and origin of dorsal fin around nine or ten, but usually irregularly arranged. Scale rows around caudal peduncle 13 (1) or 14*(40). Isthmus with anteriormost small portion without scales. Pseudotympanum represented by muscular hiatus at vertical through anterior portion of swimbladder and situated over rib of fifth vertebra (
<figureCitation id="13042A6DFF81FFE3FD16BC778223FA58" box="[762,831,1870,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,244,1165,1186]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,191,1143]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,191,1144]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pseudotympanum of Characidium helmeri, MZUSP 112666, 24.9 mm SL, rio Ribeirão, tributary of rio Cahy Braço Norte, Bahia, Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241469/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF406660FF82FFE0FF7BBFB48043F9FF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241469/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" targetBox="[151,1436,191,1143]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF82FFE0FF7BBFB48043F9FF" blockId="6.[151,1435,1165,1216]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF82FFE0FF7BBFB48013F99D" bold="true" box="[151,271,1165,1186]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Pseudotympanum of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF82FFE0FE06BFB483A7F99D" box="[490,699,1165,1186]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF82FFE0FE06BFB483A7F99D" box="[490,699,1165,1186]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Characidium helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, MZUSP 112666, 24.9 mm SL, rio Ribeirão, tributary of rio Cahy Braço Norte, Bahia, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF82FFE0FF2BBFD58382FB52" blockId="6.[151,1437,1260,2005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Dorsal-fin rays ii,9(3), ii,10(12), iii,9*(25) or iii,10(2); distal margin of dorsal fin rounded. Adipose fin absent. Pectoral-fin rays 8–12 total rays, number of unbranched rays highly variable; unbranched anterior rays ii(2), iii(7), iii*(8), iv(28), ix(1) and posteriormost rays varying from by 1–4 unbranched; one specimen with all rays unbranched; number of branched rays ontogenetically variable, increasing in number with size; first and second branched pectoral-fin rays usually longest; posterior tip of pectoral fin extending beyond pelvic-fin insertion. Pelvic-fin rays highly variable, i,4,iii(1), i,4,iv (1), i,5,i (1), i,5,ii(6), i,5,iii(6), i,6,i(10), i,6,ii(7), ii,6,ii(1), i,7(1), i,7,i*(7), or i,8,i(1); second to fourth branched pelvic-fin rays longest; posterior tip of pelvic fin extending beyond anal-fin origin and usually reaching base of second branched anal-fin ray. Anal-fin rays ii,5(1) or ii,6*(42); iii,6(1); posterior margin of anal fin pointed posteriorly, with second branched usually longest; fin elements (i.e., adnate rays) on last pterygiophore 2*(43). Caudal-fin rays i,8,8,i(1), i,9,8,i(2). Dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays 7(3); ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays 6(2) or 7(1).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF82FFE0FF2BBD4182DBFBE6" blockId="6.[151,1437,1260,2005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Total number of vertebrae 33(1), 34(1) or 35(1); precaudal vertebrae 18(1) or 19(2); caudal vertebrae 15(2) or 16(1). Supraneural bones 4(1), 5(1) or 6(1). Epural bones 3(3). Uroneural bone 1(3). Branchiostegal rays 5(3); 4 connected to anterior ceratohyal, 1 connected to the posterior ceratohyal.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF82FFE1FF2BBDDD85BBFF02" blockId="6.[151,1437,1260,2005]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,933]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="378" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF82FFE0FF2BBDDD808DFBC2" bold="true" box="[199,401,1764,1789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
Ground color of head and body pale yellow (
<figureCitation id="13042A6DFF82FFE0FC4FBDDD82FAFBC2" box="[931,998,1764,1789]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,244,1915,1936]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,191,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[244,1344,191,1897]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Characidium helmeri, (a) holotype, MNRJ 42610, 40.4 mm SL, rio Ribeirão, tributary of rio Cahy, Bahia, Brazil; (b) paratype, MBML 531, 36.2 mm SL, rio Trancoso, Bahia, Brazil; (c) paratype, MZUSP 112653, 30.6 mm SL, rio Cahy Braço Norte, Bahia, Brazil; (d) paratype, MNRJ 29038, 23.2 mm SL, same data as holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241466/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Dark stripe extending from snout to posterior margin of opercle. Dorsum of head with a large brown blotch posteriorly, occupying area from vertical through posterior margin of orbit to posterior margin of the supraoccipital bone. Ventral half of head clear, with sparse small melanophores. Dark midlateral stripe usually extending from rear of opercle to end of caudal peduncle; in some specimens stripe faded or absent. Dark humeral blotch absent. Basicaudal black spot well defined. Presence, form, and arrangement of blotches or bars on laterals of body variable. Most specimens with dorsal half of body with 7 to 10 usually inconspicuous dark primary vertical bars, broader dorsally (2 or 3 scales wide); dark and conspicuous narrow dark bars or traces vertically elongate, associated or not to the primary bars, usually more defined over longitudinal band and extending irregularly ventrally; bars on ventral half of body, when present, usually formed by high concentration of dark pigment on posterior half of scales, resulting in curved or somewhat zigzag-shaped spots or dashes, usually not reaching the midventral line of body; posterior half of body usually with vertical bars similarly shaped on dorsal and ventral half, continuous throughout midventral line. In some middle-sized or larger specimens (28.0–36.0 mm SL), spots on dorsolateral area isolated from those distributed over midlateral band and from those more ventrally positioned (when present), resulting in two or three series of spots somewhat horizontally arranged on lateral of body. Smaller specimens, up to 25.0 mm SL, usually with 10–12 continuous narrow vertical bars crossing the sides of the body; bars reaching its contralaterals ventrally on portion posterior to the pelvic fins. Dorsal, anal and caudal fins with melanophores distributed over rays; interradial membranes mostly transparent, except for a black bar near base of dorsal and anal fins. Pectoral and pelvic fins usually without pigmentation but some specimens with melanophores on fin rays.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF83FFE1FF2BB97E820AFF97" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FF2BB97E8044FF5F" bold="true" box="[199,344,583,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Color in life</emphasis>
. Ground color of dorsal half of yellowish and ventral half whitish (
<figureCitation id="13042A6DFF83FFE1FBBAB97E8581FF5F" box="[1110,1181,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,244,1501,1522]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1020,1479]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,1020,1480]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paratype of Characidium helmeri, MZUSP 112666, 30.3 mm SL, stream on road between Barra do Cahy and Ponta do Corumbau, Bahia, Brazil; photographed live." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241467/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Pattern of dark spots and bars similar to specimens in alcohol; dark longitudinal stripe and spots on ventral half of body usually more evident than pigmentation on dorsal half. Fins yellowish.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3256563FF83FFE1FF2BB98D809BFE62" pageId="7" pageNumber="378" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF83FFE1FF2BB98D8211FE2A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FF2BB98D8052FFF2" bold="true" box="[199,334,692,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF83FFE1FDDBB98D8390FFF3" box="[567,652,692,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FDDBB98D8390FFF3" box="[567,652,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is a genitive noun in honor of Dr. José Luis Helmer, who collected part of the material of the species, and in recognition of his pioneer studies on the natural history of the freshwater fishes in Espírito Santo and Southern Bahia, since 1976.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF83FFE1FF2BB826809BFE62" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FF2BB82680A7FE07" bold="true" box="[199,443,799,824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
No hooks on fins or other sexually dimorphic features were observed externally on specimens examined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3256563FF83FFEEFF2BB85E8481FC09" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="379" pageId="7" pageNumber="378" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF83FFE1FF2BB85E83FBFE9A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FF2BB85E807CFEBF" bold="true" box="[199,352,871,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF83FFE1FE84B8518345FEBF" box="[360,601,872,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FE84B8518345FEBF" box="[360,601,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Characidium helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from various small coastal rivers in Southern Bahia (
<figureCitation id="13042A6DFF83FFE1FAC6B85E8473FEBF" box="[1322,1391,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,244,1727,1748]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,983,1706]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,983,1706]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Map of small coastal river drainages between Cumuruxatiba and Canavieiras, southern Bahia, northeastern Brazil, showing distribution of the new species (blue star represents type locality)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241470/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
), in the vicinity of Canavieiras, Porto Seguro, and Prado.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF406660FF83FFE1FF7BBD86827AFBCD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241470/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="378" targetBox="[151,1436,983,1706]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF83FFE1FF7BBD86827AFBCD" blockId="7.[151,1436,1727,1778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FF7BBD86800CFBEB" bold="true" box="[151,272,1727,1748]" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Map of small coastal river drainages between Cumuruxatiba and Canavieiras, southern Bahia, northeastern Brazil, showing distribution of the new species (blue star represents type locality).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8036E8FF83FFEEFF2BBC278481FC09" blockId="7.[151,1436,1822,2014]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,310]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="379" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FF2BBC27833AFA08" bold="true" box="[199,550,1822,1847]" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Habitat and ecological notes.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF83FFE1FDC2BC27823CFA09" box="[558,800,1822,1846]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FDC2BC27823CFA09" box="[558,800,1822,1846]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Characidium helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is apparently restricted to slow flowing river stretches, situated 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF83FFE1FF16BC798054FA67" box="[250,328,1856,1880]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" metricValueMax="9.1" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="378" unit="m" value="49.5" valueMax="91.0" valueMin="8.0">8–91m</quantity>
above sea level, a few centimeters to 
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF83FFE1FCF5BC068242FA68" box="[793,862,1855,1880]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="378" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</quantity>
deep, with transparent or dark water running in substrate composed by pebbles, gravel, or organic debris (
<figureCitation id="13042A6DFF83FFE1FCB4BC5882BFFA45" box="[856,931,1889,1914]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,244,1347,1368]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,362,1325]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,362,1326]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Type locality of Characidium helmeri, new species: rio Ribeirão, rio Cahy basin, Bahia, Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241471/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). The riparian vegetation is composed by secondary forest, with plenty floating meadows and submersed vegetation in portions of the river bank. The new species was collected syntopically with 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF83FFE1FD9ABC9D85D1FA84" authority="Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker, Astyana" authorityName="Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker, Astyana" box="[630,1229,1956,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Aspidoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="virgulatus">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FD9ABC9D827AFA83" box="[630,870,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Aspidoras virgulatus</emphasis>
Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker, 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FB9FBC9D85D1FA84" box="[1139,1229,1956,1979]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Astyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
x s 
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FB1FBC9C8004FAE2" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">p., Geophagus brasiliensis</emphasis>
(Quoy &amp; Gaimard), 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF83FFE1FDA9BCFC8511FAE1" authority="Agassiz" authorityName="Agassiz" box="[581,1037,1989,2014]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erythrinidae" genus="Hoplerythrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uniaeniatus">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FDA9BCFC8297FAE2" box="[581,907,1989,2013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Hoplerythrinus uniaeniatus</emphasis>
(Agassiz)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF83FFE1FBC0BCFC8489FAE1" authority="Bloch" authorityName="Bloch" box="[1068,1429,1989,2014]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Erythrinidae" genus="Hoplias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malabaricus">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF83FFE1FBC0BCFC8434FAE2" box="[1068,1320,1989,2013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="378">Hoplias malabaricus</emphasis>
(Bloch)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF8CFFEEFF7BBBA18353FD8F" authority="Steindachner" authorityName="Steindachner" box="[151,591,151,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microlepis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF8CFFEEFF7BBBA180ABFD8F" box="[151,439,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="379">Mimagoniates microlepis</emphasis>
Steindachner
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF8CFFEEFD8DBBA082E4FD8F" authority="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" authorityName="Menezes &amp; Weitzman" box="[609,1016,151,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Mimagoniates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvicola">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF8CFFEEFD8DBBA083F2FD8F" box="[609,750,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="379">M. sylvicola</emphasis>
Menezes &amp; Weitzman
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF8CFFEEFBE5BBA18011FDED" authority="Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker" authorityName="Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker" class="Actinopterygii" family="Callichthyidae" genus="Scleromystax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prionotos">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF8CFFEEFBE5BBA1840FFD90" box="[1033,1299,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="379">Scleromystax prionotos</emphasis>
(Nijssen &amp; Isbrucker)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF8CFFEEFEF1BB8083F1FDED" authority="Britski &amp; Schaefer" authorityName="Britski &amp; Schaefer" box="[285,749,185,210]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otothyris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="travassosi">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF8CFFEEFEF1BB80831AFDEE" box="[285,518,185,209]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="379">Otothyris travassosi</emphasis>
Britski &amp; Schaefer
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF8CFFEEFCECBB8082F2FDEE" box="[768,1006,185,209]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Phalloceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellatu">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF8CFFEEFCECBB8082F2FDEE" box="[768,1006,185,209]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="379">Phalloceros ocellatu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s Lucinda, including the endangered species 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF8CFFEEFF1FBBE280F7FDCC" box="[243,491,219,243]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Heptapteridae" genus="Acentronichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepto">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF8CFFEEFF1FBBE280F7FDCC" box="[243,491,219,243]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="379">Acentronichthys lepto</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF8CFFEEFC80BBE28480FDCC" authority="Weitzman &amp; Cruz. The" authorityName="Weitzman &amp; Cruz. The" box="[876,1436,218,243]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Rachoviscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graciliceps">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF8CFFEEFC80BBE2859CFDCC" box="[876,1152,219,243]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="379">Rachoviscus graciliceps</emphasis>
Weitzman &amp; Cruz. The
</taxonomicName>
stomach contents of four specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF8CFFEEFD8DBBC583C6FC2B" box="[609,730,252,276]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helmeri">
<emphasis id="B94BEAFAFF8CFFEEFD8DBBC583C6FC2B" box="[609,730,252,276]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="379">C. helmeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
analyzed (
<quantity id="4CC79B0DFF8CFFEEFCB7BBC5851FFC2B" box="[859,1027,252,277]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.135" metricValueMax="3.59" metricValueMin="2.68" pageId="8" pageNumber="379" unit="mm" value="31.35" valueMax="35.9" valueMin="26.8">26.8–35.9 mm</quantity>
SL) contained small aquatic insect larvae, mainly 
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D6BFF8CFFEEFED1BA2480FCFC09" box="[317,480,285,310]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="379" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chironomidae</taxonomicName>
, nymphs, fragments of insects, vegetable debris and organic matter partially digested.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>