263 lines
39 KiB
XML
263 lines
39 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="47200A86913BF2A11F4EF0EDDDCA1362">A Taxonomic Revision of Nearctic Conostigmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea: Megaspilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A92FBEF0A6F0551810C94EFFAF1170B2">Trietsch, Carolyn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D47566F4AADB83A4C57B7C9A0B1BC823">Mikó, István</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FA189A628F093942EF9C3F4B86C147D1">Ezray, Briana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EF396A28EF02B7F323445B04A30BE388">Deans, Andrew R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5CC1355B8DA33A8DF8D6753E0EB0D1B5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D716D24C25C89437F53E72DCA0B98BC2">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039687D1FFBC654C9FA4FB654087C7A5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5686580" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164612412" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5686580" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687D1FFBC654C9FA4FB654087C7A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687D1FFBC654C9FA4FB654087C7A5" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<subSubSection id="C325654CFFBC65309FA4FB6546C6C09B" box="[151,643,1161,1188]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBC65309FA4FB6546C6C09B" blockId="62.[151,643,1161,1223]" box="[151,643,1161,1188]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<heading id="D0C881ABFFBC65309FA4FB6546C6C09B" bold="true" box="[151,643,1161,1188]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309FA4FB6546C6C09B" ID-CoL="XTL3" authority="(Thomson, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[151,643,1161,1188]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309FA4FB6546C6C09B" bold="true" box="[151,643,1161,1188]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309FA4FB6545EFC09C" bold="true" box="[151,426,1161,1188]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Conostigmus obscurus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFBC65309E8AFB65463EC09B" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[441,635,1161,1187]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="287 - 305" refId="ref103808" refString="Thomson, C. G. (1858) Sveriges Proctotruper. Tredje Gruppen Ceraphronini. Ofversgt Af Kongl Vetenskapsakademiens Forth, 15, 287 - 305." type="journal article" year="1858">Thomson, 1858</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325654CFFBC65309FA4FB414087C2A3" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBC65309FA4FB41455EC0FF" blockId="62.[151,643,1161,1223]" box="[151,283,1196,1223]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<figureCitation id="13042A42FFBC65309FA4FB4144B6C0FF" box="[151,243,1197,1223]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1982,2007]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,335,1958]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[151,1436,309,1958]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 34. Conostigmus obscurus (Thomson, 1858) male (UAM100257610).A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view.Abbreviation: sternaulus (ste)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3896044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3896044/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs. 34</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13042A42FFBC65309FCCFB40455EC0FF" box="[255,283,1196,1223]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="65.[151,250,1764,1789]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@65.[151,1436,561,1739]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 35. Conostigmus obscurus (Thomson, 1858) male genitalia (UAM100257610). A. Ventral view. B. Dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3896046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3896046/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">35</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBC65309FA4FB18473DC1FB" blockId="62.[151,1437,1268,2015]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309FA4FB18465DC137" bold="true" box="[151,536,1268,1295]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Species Comments and History.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFBC65309D12FB19469BC137" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[545,734,1268,1295]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="287 - 305" refId="ref103808" refString="Thomson, C. G. (1858) Sveriges Proctotruper. Tredje Gruppen Ceraphronini. Ofversgt Af Kongl Vetenskapsakademiens Forth, 15, 287 - 305." type="journal article" year="1858">Thomson (1858)</bibRefCitation>
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first described
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309CA1FB1940C4C137" box="[914,1153,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Megaspilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309CA1FB1940C4C137" box="[914,1153,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Megaspilus obscurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from a male and female collected in
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<collectingCountry id="F3287657FFBC65309E17FAF545C5C10B" box="[292,384,1305,1331]" name="Sweden" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFBC65309EBEFAF54674C10B" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[397,561,1305,1331]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref101830" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1907) Proctotrypidae (suite). Species Hymenopteres d'Europe & d'Algerie, 10, 1 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 24299" type="journal article" year="1907">Kieffer (1907)</bibRefCitation>
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later transferred the species to
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309CAFFAF5406BC10B" baseAuthorityName="Dessart and Cancemi" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[924,1070,1305,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309CAFFAF5406BC10B" box="[924,1070,1305,1331]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Conostigmus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFBC65309B0CFAF540A2C10B" author="Dessart, P." box="[1087,1255,1305,1331]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="395 - 448" refId="ref99865" refString="Dessart, P. (1974) Les megaspilides europeens [Hym. Ceraphronoidea] parasites des dipteres syrphides avec une revision du genre Trichosteresis. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, New Series, 10, 395 - 448." type="journal article" year="1974">Dessart (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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redescribed the species, synonymizing
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309EAEFAD14772C16F" authority="Thomson, 1858" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1858" box="[413,823,1340,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Megaspilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcticus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309EAEFAD1463AC16F" box="[413,639,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Megaspilus arcticus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFBC65309DB5FAD14772C16F" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[646,823,1340,1367]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="287 - 305" refId="ref103808" refString="Thomson, C. G. (1858) Sveriges Proctotruper. Tredje Gruppen Ceraphronini. Ofversgt Af Kongl Vetenskapsakademiens Forth, 15, 287 - 305." type="journal article" year="1858">Thomson, 1858</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(single female
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<typeStatus id="54848865FFBC65309CD5FAD1400FC160" box="[998,1098,1341,1368]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309BBAFAD14569C143" authority="Kieffer, 1907" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syrphorum">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309BBAFAD141D9C16F" box="[1161,1436,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Conostigmus syrphorum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFBC65309FA4FA8D4569C143" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[151,300,1377,1403]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref101830" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1907) Proctotrypidae (suite). Species Hymenopteres d'Europe & d'Algerie, 10, 1 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 24299" type="journal article" year="1907">Kieffer, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(female type missing), as well as redescribing the male and illustrating the male genitalia for the first time. Due to the limited number of specimens, our description is based on a single male specimen (UAM100257610) collected in Alaska and identified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309D00FA4546FCC1FB" box="[563,697,1449,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Megaspilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309D00FA4546FCC1FB" box="[563,697,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. obscurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Paul Dessart.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBC65309FF4FA2047B6C233" blockId="62.[151,1437,1268,2015]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309FF4FA204508C1DF" bold="true" box="[199,333,1484,1511]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Variability.</emphasis>
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We did not observe enough specimens to describe variations, but
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFBC65309B0CFA2140A3C1DF" author="Dessart, P." box="[1087,1254,1485,1511]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="395 - 448" refId="ref99865" refString="Dessart, P. (1974) Les megaspilides europeens [Hym. Ceraphronoidea] parasites des dipteres syrphides avec une revision du genre Trichosteresis. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, New Series, 10, 395 - 448." type="journal article" year="1974">Dessart (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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notes that there are slight variations in color, and that females are lighter in color than males.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBC65309FF4F9F846BDC26B" blockId="62.[151,1437,1268,2015]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309FF4F9F8473BC217" bold="true" box="[199,894,1556,1583]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Differences between Nearctic and Palearctic Populations.</emphasis>
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We did not observe enough specimens to note variations between Nearctic and Palearctic specimens.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBC65309FF4F9B04087C2A3" blockId="62.[151,1437,1268,2015]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309FF4F9B046E9C24F" bold="true" box="[199,684,1628,1655]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Differences Between Males and Females.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFBC65309D80F9B1471DC24F" author="Dessart, P." box="[691,856,1629,1655]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="395 - 448" refId="ref99865" refString="Dessart, P. (1974) Les megaspilides europeens [Hym. Ceraphronoidea] parasites des dipteres syrphides avec une revision du genre Trichosteresis. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, New Series, 10, 395 - 448." type="journal article" year="1974">Dessart (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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notes that the males are very similar to the females, with the females lighter in coloration. We did not observe enough specimens to note variations.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325654CFFBC65319FF4F9484172C4C4" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBC65309FF4F94847A5C34B" blockId="62.[151,1437,1268,2015]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309FF4F9484507C287" bold="true" box="[199,322,1700,1727]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Males of this species can be distinguished from all other
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309C8DF9494015C287" baseAuthorityName="Dessart and Cancemi" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[958,1104,1701,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309C8DF9494015C287" box="[958,1104,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Conostigmus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in that: the sternaulus is present and short, not reaching 1/2 of the mesopleuron length; the width of the crenulae of the notauli increases more than 2× anteriorly; the medioventral conjunctiva is present (parossiculi independent or fused proximally); and the proximodorsal notch of the cupula is present, arched (inverted U-shape), and longer than wide. Females can be matched to males by the presence of the sternaulus and the width of the crenulae of the notauli increasing more than 2× anteriorly, as this is the only Nearctic species with these two characters.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBC65319FF4F8914172C4C4" blockId="62.[151,1437,1268,2015]" lastBlockId="63.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309FF4F891458DC3AF" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[199,456,1917,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309FF4F891458DC3AF" box="[199,456,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Conostigmus obscurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has the proximodorsal notch of the cupula present, U-shaped, and longer than wide, which only occurs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309EB5F84D45A7C383" authorityName="Trietsch" authorityYear="2020" box="[390,482,1953,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309EB5F84D45A7C383" box="[390,482,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. lepus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309EDCF84D46D6C383" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1907" box="[495,659,1953,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309EDCF84D46D6C383" box="[495,659,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. bipunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309DFCF84D4730C383" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[719,885,1953,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309DFCF84D4730C383" box="[719,885,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309BADF84D40BCC383" authorityName="Trietsch" authorityYear="2020" box="[1182,1273,1953,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309BADF84D40BCC383" box="[1182,1273,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. lepus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that it lacks the submedial corners of S9 and has sparse lateral setae on the harpe (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBC65309C86F8294057C3E7" authorityName="Trietsch" authorityYear="2020" box="[949,1042,1989,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBC65309C86F8294057C3E7" box="[949,1042,1989,2015]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. lepus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with submedial corners on S9 and dense lateral setae sparse on harpe), and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBD65319D96FF754708C48B" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[677,845,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBD65319D96FF754708C48B" box="[677,845,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that it does not have bilobed harpe (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBD65319AB0FF754558C4EF" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1858" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBD65319AB0FF754558C4EF" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. triangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBD65319E07FF514615C4EF" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1907" box="[308,592,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBD65319E07FF514615C4EF" box="[308,592,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Conostigmus bipunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is easily distinguished from this species by the absence of the medioventral conjunctiva and the fused parossiculi (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFBD65319D74FF0D4689C4C3" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[583,716,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBD65319D74FF0D4689C4C3" box="[583,716,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. obscurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with conjunctiva present and independent parossiculi).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325654CFFBD654C9FF4FEE8470EC76E" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBD65319FF4FEE8407FC5EB" blockId="63.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBD65319FF4FEE8451CC527" bold="true" box="[199,345,260,287]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body length:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B22FFBD65319EC9FEE8462AC527" box="[506,623,260,287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.325" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="1.325">1.325 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Color hue pattern in male: cranium, mesosoma, metasoma brown; legs, scape, pedicel, flagellomeres ochre to light brown. Color intensity pattern in male: flagellomeres darker than scape and pedicel; mandible lighter than cranium; metasoma lighter than mesosoma and cranium. Color intensity dorsal and ventral to the site of the sternaulus: concolorous. Color intensity pattern of syntergite: petiole neck and anterior region of syntergite concolorus with the posterior region of the syntergite. Foveolate sculpture on body count: absent. Rugose sculpturing count: absent. Rugose region on upper face count: absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBD65319FF4FE30459CC65B" blockId="63.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBD65319FF4FE304501C5CF" bold="true" box="[199,324,476,503]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Antennae:</emphasis>
|
||
Male scape length vs. pedicel length: 4.0. Male scape length vs. F1 length: 1.2. Male F1 length vs. pedicel length: 3.33. Male F1 length vs. male F2 length: 1.25. Longest male flagellomere: F1. Length of setae on male flagellomere vs. male flagellomere width: setae shorter than width of flagellomeres. Sensillar patch of the male flagellomere pattern: F6–F9.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBD65319FF4FD8147A4C143" blockId="63.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBD65319FF4FD814555C6BF" bold="true" box="[199,272,621,647]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
Head width, dorsal view: equal to or only slightly wider than mesosoma (less than 1.3× wider than mesosoma). Head height (HH, lateral view) vs. eye height (EHf, anterior view): HH:EHf=1.57. Head height (HH) vs. head length (HL): HH:HL=1.38. Head width (HW) vs. interorbital space (IOS): HW:IOS=1.52. Head width (HW) vs. head height (HH): HW:HH=1.14. Cephalic size (csb): Mean: 385 μm. Maximum eye diameter vs. minimum eye diameter: 1.13. POL:OOL: POL equal to or shorter than OOL and ocellar triangle with short base. Male ocular ocellar line (OOL) vs. lateral ocellar line (LOL): OOL:LOL=2.5. Male ocular ocellar line (OOL) vs. posterior ocellar line (POL): OOL:POL=2.0. Male ocular ocellar line (OOL): posterior ocellar line (POL): lateral ocellar line (LOL): 2.5:1.25:1.0. Head shape (anterior view): circular or triangular. Preoccipital lunula count: present. Preoccipital carina count: absent. Occipital carina sculpture: crenulate. Preoccipital furrow count: present. Preoccipital furrow anterior end: preoccipital furrow ends at site of postocellar carina. Preoccipital furrow sculpture: crenulate. Postocellar carina count: present. Dorsal margin of occipital carina vs. dorsal margin of lateral ocellus in lateral view: occipital carina ventral to lateral ocellus in lateral view. Transverse scutes on upper face count: absent. Transverse frontal carina count: absent. Randomly sized areolae around setal pits on upper face count: absent. Setal pit on vertex size: smaller than diameter of scutes. Ventromedian setiferous patch and ventrolateral setiferous patch count: absent. White, thick setae on upper face count: absent. Antennal scrobe count: absent. Facial structure count: facial pit present. Facial pit count: present. Facial sulcus count: absent. Median facial keel count: absent. Supraclypeal depression count: present. Supraclypeal depression structure: present medially, inverted U-shaped. Intertorular area count: present. Intertorular carina count: present. Median process on intertorular carina count: present. Median process on intertorular carina shape: acute. Median process of intertorular carina structure: process does not extend across intertorular area to dorsal margin of clypeus. Median region of intertorular area shape: convex. Ventral margin of antennal rim vs. dorsal margin of clypeus: not adjacent. Torulo–clypeal carina count: present. Subtorular carina count: absent. Mandibular tooth count: 2. Mandibular lancea count: absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFBD654E9FF4FA694754C527" blockId="63.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastBlockId="64.[151,1437,153,287]" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFBD65319FF4FA69450AC1A7" bold="true" box="[199,335,1413,1439]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Mesosoma:</emphasis>
|
||
Weber length: WL=550 μm. Anterior mesoscutal width (AscW) vs. posterior mesoscutal width (PscW): AscW/PscW=0.6. Mesoscutal length (MscL) vs. anterior mesoscutal width (AscW): MscL/AscW=1.5. Mesoscutal length (MscL) vs. mesoscutellar length (MscIL): MscL:MscIL= 0.82. Wing count: present. Fore wing size: wings present and macropterous with apex extending past petiole. Pronotum median length: less than longest median anatomical line of the mesoscutum. Notaulus count: present. Crenulae of notaulus width: width of the crenulae does not increase more than 2× anteriorly. Notaulus posterior end location: adjacent to transscutal articulation. Posterior region of notaulus orientation: posterior end of notaulus does not curve and is not adjacent to median mesoscutal sulcus. Median mesoscutal sulcus count: present. Median mesoscutal sulcus posterior end: adjacent to transscutal articulation. Scutoscutellar sulcus vs. transscutal articulation location: adjacent. Axillular carinae count: present. Axillular carinae shape: the left and right carinae are separated posteromedially. Speculum ventral limit: not extending ventrally of pleural pit line. Metapleural sulcus shape: straight. Mesometapleural sulcus count: present. Ventrolateral invagination of the pronotum count: present. Sternaulus count: present. Sternaulus length: short and not reaching 1/2 of mesopleuron length at level of sternaulus. Sternaulus sculpture: smooth. Epicnemial carina count: complete. Epicnemium posterior margin shape: anterior discrimenal pit present; epicnemial carina curved. Transverse striations on the ventral metapleural area count: absent. Scutes on posterior region of mesoscutum and dorsal region of mesoscutellum convexity: flat. Ventral projection of the metapleural carina count: absent. Lateral propodeal carina count: present. Lateral propodeal carina shape: inverted “Y” (left and right lateral propodeal are adjacent medially posterior to antecostal sulcus of the first abdominal tergum, and connected to the antecostal sulcus by a median carina representing the median branch of the inverted “Y”). Mesopostscutellum count: absent (scutellum flat). Anteromedian projection of the metanoto–propodeo–metapecto–mesopectal complex count: absent. Posterior margin of nucha in dorsal view shape: straight.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF40664FFFC2654E9FA4F852457DC3C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3896044" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3896044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3896044/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" startId="64.[151,250,1982,2007]" targetBox="[151,1436,335,1958]" targetPageId="64">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC2654E9FA4F852457DC3C3" blockId="64.[151,1437,1982,2043]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC2654E9FA4F8524565C3EF" bold="true" box="[151,288,1982,2007]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">FIGURE 34.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC2654E9E16F82C4685C3EF" authority="(Thomson, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[293,704,1982,2007]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC2654E9E16F82C464FC3EF" box="[293,522,1983,2007]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Conostigmus obscurus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFC2654E9D2BF85246FCC3EF" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[536,697,1982,2007]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="287 - 305" refId="ref103808" refString="Thomson, C. G. (1858) Sveriges Proctotruper. Tredje Gruppen Ceraphronini. Ofversgt Af Kongl Vetenskapsakademiens Forth, 15, 287 - 305." type="journal article" year="1858">Thomson, 1858</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male (UAM100257610). A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view.Abbreviation: sternaulus (ste).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC3654F9FF4FF75477EC623" blockId="65.[151,1437,153,539]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC3654F9FF4FF754508C48B" bold="true" box="[199,333,153,179]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Metasoma:</emphasis>
|
||
Transverse carina on petiole shape: concave. Paired blue iridescent ovoid patches on the syntergite count: absent. Shortest width of petiole neck vs. syntergal translucent patch maximum width: 1.86. Syntergal translucent patch maximum width vs. minimum width: 1.4. Syntergal translucent patch maximum width orientation: anterolaterally. Synsternal setiferous patch shape: linear, with a patch of setae lateral or posterior to the synsternal translucent patch. Synsternal setiferous patch structure: comprised of a single or double row of setae anterior and lateral to the synsternal translucent patch, with a patch of setae posterior to the synsternal translucent patch. Synsternal setiferous patch anterior end: synsternal setiferous patch begins anterior to the synsternal translucent patch anterior margin. Synsternal setiferous patch posterior end: synsternal setiferous patch ends posterior to the synsternal translucent patch posterior margin. Synsternal setiferous patch length vs. synsternal translucent patch maximum width: synsternal setiferous patch at least as long as the maximum width of the synsternal translucent patch but not 2× as long. S1 length vs. shortest width: S1 wider than long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF40664FFFC3654F9FA4F9084135C2C5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3896046" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3896046" box="[151,1392,1764,1789]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3896046/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" startId="65.[151,250,1764,1789]" targetBox="[151,1436,561,1739]" targetPageId="65">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC3654F9FA4F9084135C2C5" blockId="65.[151,1392,1764,1789]" box="[151,1392,1764,1789]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC3654F9FA4F9084565C2C5" bold="true" box="[151,288,1764,1789]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 35.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFC3654F9E15F9094687C2C5" authority="(Thomson, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[294,706,1764,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC3654F9E15F9094649C2C5" box="[294,524,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Conostigmus obscurus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FFC3654F9D2AF90846FEC2C5" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[537,699,1764,1789]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="287 - 305" refId="ref103808" refString="Thomson, C. G. (1858) Sveriges Proctotruper. Tredje Gruppen Ceraphronini. Ofversgt Af Kongl Vetenskapsakademiens Forth, 15, 287 - 305." type="journal article" year="1858">Thomson, 1858</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male genitalia (UAM100257610). A. Ventral view. B. Dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC3654C9FF4F8C0470EC76E" blockId="65.[151,1437,1834,2042]" lastBlockId="66.[151,1437,153,926]" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC3654F9FF4F8C045C7C37D" bold="true" box="[199,386,1834,1862]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Male Genitalia:</emphasis>
|
||
Distal margin of male S9 shape: convex. Proximolateral corner of male S9 shape: blunt. Male S9 distal setal line/setal patch count: distal setae composing transverse setiferous line or lines. Male S9 distal setal line / setal patch structure: single or double transverse row of setae, sometimes with fewer setae medially to form two separate patches. Submedial projections on proximal margin of S9 count: absent. Cupula length vs. gono-style–volsella complex length: cupula less than 1/2 the length of gonostyle–volsella complex in lateral view. Proximodorsal notch of cupula count: present. Proximodorsal notch of cupula shape: arched (inverted U-shape). Proximodorsal notch of cupula width vs length: longer than wide. Proximolateral projection of the cupula shape: blunt. Gonocondyle count: present. Gonocondyle shape: acute. Distodorsal margin of cupula shape: concave. Distoventral submedian corner of the cupula count: absent. Dorsomedian projection of the gonostyle–volsella complex count: absent. Dorsomedian conjunctiva of the gonostyle–volsella complex count: present. Dorsomedian conjunctiva of the gonostyle–volsella complex length relative to length of gonostyle–volsella complex: dorsomedian conjunctiva extending more than or equal to 2/3 of length of gonostyle–volsella complex in dorsal view. Dorsomedial margin of gonostyle–volsella complex shape: V-shaped. Proximal end of dorsomedian conjunctiva of the gonostyle–volsella complex shape: acute or V-shaped. Parossiculus count or parossiculus and gonostipes fusion: present and parossiculi not fused with the gonostipes. Medioventral conjunctiva of the gonostyle–volsella complex count or fusion of parossiculi: medioventral conjunctiva present and parossiculi independent or fused proximally. Apical parossicular setae count: one. Distal projection of the parossiculus count: absent. Distal projection of the penisvalva count: absent. Gonossiculus spine count: 2. Gonossiculus spine length: one spine not more than 2× as long as the other(s) (spines of similar lengths). Harpe length: harpe shorter than gonostipes in lateral view. Harpe shape: simple and not bilobed. Harpe orientation: medial. Lateral margin of harpe shape: widest point of harpe is at its articulation site with gonostyle–volsella complex. Distal margin of harpe in lateral view: acute or pointed. Lateral setae of harpe count: present. Lateral setae of harpe orientation: oriented distally. Lateral setae on harpe density: setae sparse. Dense patch of setae on the distoventral edge of the harpe count: absent. Distodorsal setae of sensillar ring of harpe length vs. harpe width in lateral view: setae as long as or shorter than harpe width. Distodorsal setae of sensillar ring of harpe orientation: distomedially. Sensillar ring area of harpe orientation: distomedially. Sensillar ring shape: circular. Distoventral margin of harpe in lateral view: convex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325654CFFC0654C9FF4FCB24592C741" box="[199,471,862,889]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC0654C9FF4FCB24592C741" blockId="66.[151,1437,153,926]" box="[199,471,862,889]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC0654C9FF4FCB24524C741" bold="true" box="[199,353,862,889]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Holarctic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325654CFFC0654C9FF4FC6E4087C7A5" box="[199,1218,898,926]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFC0654C9FF4FC6E4087C7A5" blockId="66.[151,1437,153,926]" box="[199,1218,898,926]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFC0654C9FF4FC6E45F2C7A5" bold="true" box="[199,439,898,925]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Material Examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B573C9AFFC0654C9E8DFC6F40FBC7A5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636226323" box="[446,1214,898,926]" collectionCode="UAM" country="United States of America" location="Non-type" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCode="UAM100257610" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Alaska">
|
||
<location id="8EE0601CFFC0654C9E8DFC6F466DC7A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687D1FFBC654C9FA4FB654087C7A5:8EE0601CFFC0654C9E8DFC6F466DC7A5" box="[446,552,899,925]" country="United States of America" name="Non-type" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" stateProvince="Alaska">Non-type</location>
|
||
material (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D39FD4EFFC0654C9DAFFC6F46A9C7A6" box="[668,748,899,926]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287657FFC0654C9DCDFC6F477FC7A5" box="[766,826,899,925]" name="United States of America" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FBF825FFC0654C9C70FC6F47D0C7A5" box="[835,917,899,925]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB999EBCFFC0654C9C93FC6F401AC7A5" box="[928,1119,898,925]" collectionCode="UAM" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/77v7-7va6" name="University of Alaska Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">UAM100257610</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE02FFC0654C9B5DFC6F40F3C7A5" box="[1134,1206,899,925]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/77v7-7va6" name="University of Alaska Museum" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum">UAM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |