313 lines
24 KiB
XML
313 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.45.29350" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a5aafedc-78ae-46f6-8587-749d33153690" ID-PMC="PMC6351703" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-45-1" ID-PubMed="30700968" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1314-4049-45-1" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 45" ModsDocTitle="Two additional species of Gymnopus (Euagarics, Basidiomycotina)" checkinTime="1555333449155" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Petersen, Ronald H. & Hughes, Karen W." docDate="2019" docId="8E00902009896FCBCFC83680A42F2AE0" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 45: 1-24" docOrigin="MycoKeys 45" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.45.29350" docTitle="Gymnopus portoricensis R. H. Petersen, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFF4A16BFFA9FFF2FFFFFFECFFC63F38" masterDocTitle="Two additional species of Gymnopus (Euagarics, Basidiomycotina)" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1668136132620" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Two additional species of Gymnopus (Euagarics, Basidiomycotina)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Petersen, Ronald H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hughes, Karen W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>45</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>24</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.45.29350</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.45.29350</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-45-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156202135" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8E00902009896FCBCFC83680A42F2AE0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8E00902009896FCBCFC83680A42F2AE0" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="15" start="start">2</pageBreakToken>
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.
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<taxonomicName LSID="Index Fungorum no. IF555347" authority="R. H. Petersen" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnopus portoricensis" order="Agaricales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Gymnopus portoricensis R.H. Petersen</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="14" pageNumber="15">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="16" start="start">Holotype</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">United States, Puerto Rico, Caribbean National Forest, El Yunque, vic. Sabana, trail 3, 1.VI.1992, coll RHP, TFB 4548 (TENN-F-051029). GenBank: KY026628-9.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Portoricensis referring to collections made in Puerto Rico.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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1) Basidiomata small, resembling those of
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gymnopus neobrevipes" order="Agaricales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="neobrevipes">Gymnopus neobrevipes</taxonomicName>
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, arising from rhizomorphs or from woody substrate, often in clusters of significant numbers; 2) stipe slightly eccentric or central, strongly curved, dark brown (black only at base); 3) rhizomorphs luxuriant, brown (not black); 4) spores somewhat small for the clade, (5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)6–">-)6-</normalizedToken>
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7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)3–">-)3-</normalizedToken>
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4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Basidiomata (Fig. 10) marasmielloid, cespitose to imbricate, conchate when young becoming shallowly convex to applanate by maturity, stipitate. Pileus 2-11 mm broad, circular to broadly reniform, matt, radially rivulose outwards, thin, leathery, uniformly "light pinkish-cinnamon" (7A2) to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“pinkish-cinnamon”">"pinkish-cinnamon"</normalizedToken>
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(7B5). Lamellae well-defined (-0.6 mm broad and ventricose to reduced, pleated or fold-like, distant (total folds = 11-18; through folds = 7-10), concolorous to pileus or "tilleul buff" (7B2); edge entire. Stipe very small (1-2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.5-0.7 mm), slender, central or eccentric, strongly curved to non-instititious attachment on substrate (wood or rhizomorph), "Mikado brown" (7C6) apically, downwards "warm sepia" (7F6),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“bister”">"bister"</normalizedToken>
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(5F8) to black; basal tuft insignificant, blond. Rhizomorphs extensive, slender, brown, near "tawny olive" (5C5) or "sayal brown" (6C5) to nearly black. Odour and taste negligible.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Figure 10.
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gymnopus portoricensis" order="Agaricales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Gymnopus portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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. Habit. Above: TFB 4548 (TENN-F-051029). Below: TFB 4512 (TENN-F-050999). Scale bars: 10 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Outer surface of old bamboo (TENN-F-051029) or rotting twigs of deciduous trees (TENN-F-050999).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="pileipellis">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Pileipellis</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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(Figs 11A, B, 12, 13) composed of three elements involved in very thin mucoid matrix: 1) hair-like, probably erect hyphal apices (Figs 11B, 12), 30-120
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5-3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(at widest point), subtly capitulate apically, arising as side branches of slender hyphae (not from clamps), firm- but indistinct-walled, delicately decorated with gritty deposits or a very thin mucoid sheath, tapering to 1-1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diam. and subrefringent especially at very apex; 2) repent, heavily ornamented hyphae (Figs 11A, 13B) 3-9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diam., firm-walled, strongly encrusted in stripes or patches with no profile calluses; contents more or less homogeneous; 3) scattered rudimentary diverticulate hyphal apices (Figs 11A, 13A) 4-7.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam., often appearing stout-tibiiform, with diverticula lobate, 2-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5-2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; contents more or less homogeneous. Pileus trama loosely interwoven; hyphae (Fig. 13C) 3-7.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam., conspicuously clamped, appearing thick-walled but gelatinised (wall -1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick). Pleurocystidia (Figs 11C, 14
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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) 21-29
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, fusiform, conspicuously clamped; contents homogeneous, occasionally subtly partitioned. Basidioles clavate, clamped; basidia (Figs 11C, 14F, G) 20-30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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6-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, 4-sterigmate, clavate, clamped; contents with scattered, minute guttules. Effete basidia do not disappear; at least the lateral walls survive to create debris in which turgid basidia are embedded in hymenial debris.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="17" start="start">Basidiospores</pageBreakToken>
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(Fig. 11D) (5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)6–">-)6-</normalizedToken>
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7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)3–">-)3-</normalizedToken>
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4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(Q = 1.50-2.83; Qm = 2.08; Lm = 6.58
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), narrowly pip-shaped to sublacrymiform (somewhat tapered towards apiculus), thin-walled, smooth, inamyloid; contents homogeneous. Cheilocystidia (Fig. 15) limited to well-defined lamellae, scattered, 25-35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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7-15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, pedicellate, thin-walled (easily crushed), expanded distally usually with irregular lobes or apical outgrowths, obscurely clamped, hyaline; contents more or less homogeneous. Stipe
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<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="18" start="start">medullary</pageBreakToken>
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hyphae of three types: 1) 6.5-24
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam., thick-walled, irregularly gelatinising [wall -1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick in H2O, wall up to 7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick in KOH and then yellowish (PhC)]; 2) 5-7.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam., thick-walled (wall -1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick, not gelatinising, hyaline); clamp connections occasional, obscure; and 3) 2-4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam., firm-walled, meandering through medulla; clamp connections rare, conspicuous. Stipe cortical hyphae 4-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam., strictly parallel, apparently adherent (held together adhesively and shattering under pressure), thick-walled [wall -2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick, pigmented (ochraceous tan in KOH, red-brown in IKI/BF)], coarsely roughened in pigmented spicules; clamp connections not observed.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Figure 11.
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gymnopus portoricensis" order="Agaricales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Gymnopus portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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. Microstructures. A Pileipellis structures; diverticulate and encrusted hyphal termini B "Pileal hairs." C Pleurocystidium and basidia D Basidiospores. Scale bars: 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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); 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(E). TFB 4548 (TENN-F-051029).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Figure 12.
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gymnopus portoricensis" order="Agaricales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Gymnopus portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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. Pileal hairs. Note incrustation on thin slime sheath. A TFB 4512 (TENN-F-050999) B, C TFB 4548 (TENN-F-051029). Scale bars:10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Figure 13.
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gymnopus portoricensis" order="Agaricales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Gymnopus portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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. Pileipellis structures. A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Diverticulate”">"Diverticulate"</normalizedToken>
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hyphal fragment B Encrusted hypha with thin slime sheath C Gelatinised hyphal walls. Scale bars: 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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. TFB 4548 (TENN-F-051029).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Figure 14.
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gymnopus portoricensis" order="Agaricales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Gymnopus portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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. Hymenial structures.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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Pleurocystidia E Basidiole and pleurocystidium from one clamp connection complex F, G Basidia. Scale bars:10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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. TFB 4512 (TENN-F-050999).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Figure 15.
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gymnopus portoricensis" order="Agaricales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Gymnopus portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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. Cheilocystidia. Scale bar: 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. TFB 4548 (TENN-F-051029).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Commentary.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Although basidiomata superficially resemble those of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. neobrevipes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species" species="neobrevipes">G. neobrevipes</taxonomicName>
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, the pileipellis structure is not similar. Erect, broom cell-like cells of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. neobrevipes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species" species="neobrevipes">G. neobrevipes</taxonomicName>
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are missing; diverticulate repent hyphae are rare and doubtful; erect
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“hairs,”">"hairs,"</normalizedToken>
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while clamped (and therefore assumed to belong to this organism), are more demonstrable
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">in</pageBreakToken>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. neobrevipes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="neobrevipes">G. neobrevipes</taxonomicName>
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. Morphologically,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. portoricensis" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="portoricensis">G. portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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could be placed in
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<taxonomicName class="Leotiomycetes" family="Helotiaceae" genus="Marasmiellus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Marasmiellus" order="Helotiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Marasmiellus</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation author="Retnowati, A" journalOrPublisher="Gardens' Bulletin Singapore" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="191 - 258" title="The species of Marasmiellus (Agaricales: Omphalotaceae) from Java and Bali." url="https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs70(1).2018-17" volume="70" year="2018">Retnowati 2018</bibRefCitation>
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) based on poorly developed Ramealis-structure, no broom cells), but it equally could be interpreted as a reduced member of
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<taxonomicName genus="Androsacei" lsidName="Androsacei" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="genus">Androsacei</taxonomicName>
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(including
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. neobrevipes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="neobrevipes">G. neobrevipes</taxonomicName>
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) in which erect, broom cell-like pileipellis cells are rare to missing. Cheilocystidia are typical of the latter group. If
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. neobrevipes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="neobrevipes">G. neobrevipes</taxonomicName>
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is accommodated in
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<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="sect." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnopus" order="Carnivora" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="section" section="Androsacei">Gymnopus sect. Androsacei</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. portoricensis" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="portoricensis">G. portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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must also be found there. ITS sequences confirm this placement (Fig. 2).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Inspection shows that almost no basidiomata originate from rhizomorphs, instead seemingly originating from woody substrate directly. Rare basidiomata, however, do arise from rhizomorphs, with stipes as side branches. Moreover, some twigs with basidiomata are devoid of rhizomorphs altogether.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">A</pageBreakToken>
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polyspore dikaryon culture was established from TENN-F-050999 and careful examination revealed exceedingly rare (but clearly demonstrated) clamp connections. This condition is also true in cultures of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. neobrevipes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="neobrevipes">G. neobrevipes</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Desjardin, DE" journalOrPublisher="Sydowia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="17 - 87" title="Culture morphology of Marasmius species." volume="42" year="1990">Desjardin (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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, while reporting clamp connections in the culture of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. brevipes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="brevipes">M. brevipes</taxonomicName>
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, made no comment on their relative abundance.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">Basidiomata</pageBreakToken>
|
||
are not pseudo- or eccentrically stipitate, but centrally to slightly eccentrically stipitate. The stipe, however, is usually immediately curved through the declivity in the pileus circumference. Lamellae appear to deteriorate rapidly, perhaps through insect grazing or tissue gelatinisation, but when discrete are shallow but sharp
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">ly</pageBreakToken>
|
||
defined (not merely as folds). Interlamellar anastomoses are absent and even lamellar buttressing is missing. Instead, the interlamellar hymenophore is smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">These two collections fruited on very different substrata. The origin within bamboo structures would be difficult to imagine, so perhaps basidiomata arise from a very thin, arachnoid mycelium on the bamboo surface. Rare basidiomata were seen attached to rhizomorphs, which might support typical attachment to somatic hyphae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
If
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. portoricensis" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species" species="portoricensis">G. portoricensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is regarded as in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Leotiomycetes" family="Helotiaceae" genus="Marasmius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Marasmius" order="Helotiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Marasmius</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the epithet (portoricensis) is preoccupied by
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Marasmiaceae" genus="Marasmius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Marasmius portoricensis" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Marasmius portoricensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Murrill in Pennington. 1915. North American Flora 9(4): 262. The homonym is in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Leotiomycetes" family="Helotiaceae" genus="Marasmius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Marasmius" order="Helotiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Marasmius</taxonomicName>
|
||
but not in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnopus" order="Carnivora" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gymnopus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Described as having the longest ("longissimus") stipe - 6-8 cm
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.5 mm - and pileus 4-10 mm broad, the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Marasmiaceae" genus="Marasmius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Marasmius portoricensis" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Marasmius portoricensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is at NY (isotype MICH) and the Mycoportal record shows several long-stiped basidiomata with stipe yellow-orange and apparently several long, straight rhizomorphs of similar colour.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
An ITS-based clade (Fig. 2), which includes
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gymnopus neobrevipes" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="neobrevipes">Gymnopus neobrevipes</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. portoricensis" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species" species="portoricensis">G. portoricensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two environmental sequences from Okinawa and a sequence of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gymnopus cremeostipitatus" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cremeostipitatus">Gymnopus cremeostipitatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Korea, is sister to the rest of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="sect." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gymnopus" order="Carnivora" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="section" section="Androsacesi">Gymnopus sect. Androsacesi</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This section continues to expand with additional taxa yet to be determined and described.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="auxiliary specimen examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">Auxiliary</pageBreakToken>
|
||
specimen examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
United States, Puerto Rico, Caribbean National Forest, El Junque, road to Verada Bisley,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="18.264723">18°15'53"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-65.75361">65°45'13"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
V.1992, coll RHP, TFB 4512 (TENN-F-050999).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |