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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.96796" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-95-143" ID-Pensoft-UUID="DE2EC0A557FC5F3D9AD2D4435824AA7B" ID-ZooBank="0AD4F90A9A41492D84C3C0AA1B8C275B" ModsDocID="1314-2607-95-143" checkinTime="1676724294143" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Praz, Christophe J. &amp; Benon, Dimitri" docDate="2023" docId="8D9A22E5DFEB53D3B24CD3AC272AF1B0" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 95: 143-198" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 95" docPubDate="2023-02-17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.96796" docTitle="Megachile anatolica Rebmann 1968" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="DE2EC0A557FC5F3D9AD2D4435824AA7B" lastPageNumber="143" masterDocId="DE2EC0A557FC5F3D9AD2D4435824AA7B" masterDocTitle="Revision of the leachella group of Megachile subgenus Eutricharaea in the Western Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae): A renewed plea for DNA barcoding type material" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="143" pageNumber="143" updateTime="1676724294143" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of the leachella group of Megachile subgenus Eutricharaea in the Western Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae): A renewed plea for DNA barcoding type material</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Praz, Christophe J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2649-3141</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>University of Neuchatel, Neuchatel, Switzerland &amp; InfoFauna - Swiss Zoological Records Center, Neuchatel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">christophe.praz@unine.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Benon, Dimitri</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>University of Neuchatel, Neuchatel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-02-17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>95</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>143</mods:start>
<mods:end>198</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.96796</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.96796</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-95-143</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">0AD4F90A9A41492D84C3C0AA1B8C275B</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">DE2EC0A557FC5F3D9AD2D4435824AA7B</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D9A22E5DFEB53D3B24CD3AC272AF1B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D9A22E5DFEB53D3B24CD3AC272AF1B0" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3YR74" ID-ENA="2049393" LSID="8D9A22E5-DFEB-53D3-B24C-D3AC272AF1B0" authority="Rebmann, 1968" authorityName="Rebmann" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile anatolica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anatolica">Megachile anatolica Rebmann, 1968</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 714" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 7 - 14. Megachile anatolica 7 female metasoma 8 female metasomal tergum 4 9 female vertex 10 apex of female clypeus 11 dorsal view of head of holotype male 12 front view of male head with distinct tooth behind mandibular base 13 male metasomal sterna 3 - 5 14 male genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.96796.figures7-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/810385" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Figs 7-14</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rebmann" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile anatolica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anatolica">Megachile anatolica</taxonomicName>
Rebmann, 1968: 37, ♂ nec ♀, &quot;Mut [Turkey, approx.
<geoCoordinate degrees="36.64" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="36.64">36.64°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.44" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="33.44">33.44°E</geoCoordinate>
]&quot;. Holotype ♂ (SMFD).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
Type material.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount></specimenCount>
(SMFD) of
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. anatolica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="anatolica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. anatolica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 714" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 7 - 14. Megachile anatolica 7 female metasoma 8 female metasomal tergum 4 9 female vertex 10 apex of female clypeus 11 dorsal view of head of holotype male 12 front view of male head with distinct tooth behind mandibular base 13 male metasomal sterna 3 - 5 14 male genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.96796.figures7-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/810385" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">11</figureCitation>
);
<specimenCount type="female" typeStatus="paratype">one paratype ♀</specimenCount>
(SMFD) examined is probably a female of
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. inexspectata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="inexspectata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. inexspectata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Other material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Iran, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon" location="Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Iran, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon" specimenCount="104">
<specimenCount type="generic">104 specimens</specimenCount>
from the following countries:
<collectingCountry isEnumeration="true">Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Iran, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry name="Turkey">Turkey</collectingCountry>
(Suppl. material 1)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
From Italy eastwards through the Levant including Lebanon, Turkey, Israel northwest of the Dead Sea, Iran; distribution in Central Asia remains to be established due to unclear relationship with
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. viridicollis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="viridicollis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. viridicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="geographic variation">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Geographic variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
The species varies in the colour of the vestiture as well as in body size and in the length of the OOD. In Italy, Greece, Cyprus and western Turkey, the scopa is white (black on S6) and the OOD is large (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 714" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 7 - 14. Megachile anatolica 7 female metasoma 8 female metasomal tergum 4 9 female vertex 10 apex of female clypeus 11 dorsal view of head of holotype male 12 front view of male head with distinct tooth behind mandibular base 13 male metasomal sterna 3 - 5 14 male genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.96796.figures7-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/810385" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">9</figureCitation>
). In the Levant the species presumably intergrades with
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. leucostoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="leucostoma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. leucostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; populations in northern Israel and northern Jordan have the scopa nearly entirely orange, as observed in eastern populations of
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. leucostoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="leucostoma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. leucostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5032.3.1" author="Praz, C" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="301 - 330" refId="B64" refString="Praz, C, Al-Shahat, AM, Gadallah, NS, 2021. Taxonomic revision of the subgenus Eutricharaea Thomson in Egypt, with a key to the species and the description of two new species (Hymenoptera, Anthophila, Megachilidae, genus Megachile Latreille). Zootaxa 5032: 301 - 330, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5032.3.1" title="Taxonomic revision of the subgenus Eutricharaea Thomson in Egypt, with a key to the species and the description of two new species (Hymenoptera, Anthophila, Megachilidae, genus Megachile Latreille)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5032.3.1" volume="5032" year="2021">Praz et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
). Moreover, the length of the OOD shows clinal variation from northern Israel (condition as in typical
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. anatolica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="anatolica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. anatolica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) to Southern Israel (condition as in typical
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. leucostoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="leucostoma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. leucostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); specimens from Central Israel are intermediate (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blx023" author="Soltani, G" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="815 - 832" refId="B87" refString="Soltani, G, Benon, D, Alvarez, N, Praz, CJ, 2017. When different contact zones tell different stories: putative ring species in the Megachile concinna complex (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 121: 815 - 832, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blx023" title="When different contact zones tell different stories: putative ring species in the Megachile concinna complex (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blx023" volume="121" year="2017">Soltani et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
: Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 6. Best tree found in maximum likelihood analyses of sequence data of the two nuclear genes lw rhodopsin and CAD showing the phylogenetic relationships among the Palaearctic species of the Megachile leachella group of Megachile (Eutricharaea). Bootstrap support values are based on 1000 bootstrap replicates. The oblique line along the branch joining the outgroup taxa and the ingroup indicates that this branch has been shortened for better graphic representation." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.96796.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/810384" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">6</figureCitation>
). In Iran, the scopa is white (black on S6), but specimens are smaller and the OOD short, as in
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. leachella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="leachella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. leachella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. pusilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. While in some Iranian populations the clypeus margin is denticulate, as in typical
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. anatolica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="anatolica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. anatolica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 714" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 7 - 14. Megachile anatolica 7 female metasoma 8 female metasomal tergum 4 9 female vertex 10 apex of female clypeus 11 dorsal view of head of holotype male 12 front view of male head with distinct tooth behind mandibular base 13 male metasomal sterna 3 - 5 14 male genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.96796.figures7-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/810385" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">10</figureCitation>
), in other populations (e.g., in the region of Teheran), the clypeus is as in
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. pusilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf. Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6166" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 61 - 66. Megachile pusilla 61 female metasoma 62 female metasomal tergum 4 63 female vertex 64 apex of female clypeus 65 dorsal view of male head 66 male genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.96796.figures61-66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/810392" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">64</figureCitation>
), making these populations superficially identical to
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. pusilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, albeit genetically closer to
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. anatolica." order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="anatolica.">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. anatolica.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Whether the variation observed in Iran is the result of introgression with
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. leucostoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="leucostoma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. leucostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has not been reported in Iran but is present on the Arabian Peninsula, e.g., in the United Arab Emirates, remains to be established.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
The relationship between
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. anatolica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="anatolica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. anatolica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the Central Asian species
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. viridicollis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="viridicollis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. viridicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not clear; these two taxa may eventually be treated as conspecific, in which case
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. anatolica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="anatolica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. anatolica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would be placed in synonymy with
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. viridicollis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="viridicollis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. viridicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; see under
<taxonomicName family="Megachilidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. viridicollis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="species" species="viridicollis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">M. viridicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/jhr.95.96796.figures7-14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/810385" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" start="Figures 714" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Figures 7-14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rebmann" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile anatolica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anatolica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Megachile anatolica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">7</emphasis>
female metasoma
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">8</emphasis>
female metasomal tergum 4
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">9</emphasis>
female vertex
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">10</emphasis>
apex of female clypeus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">11</emphasis>
dorsal view of head of holotype male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">12</emphasis>
front view of male head with distinct tooth behind mandibular base
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">13</emphasis>
male metasomal sterna 3-5
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">14</emphasis>
male genitalia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile argentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Megachile argentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fabricius, 1793)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Vertex of the lectotype female of Megachile argentata (Fabricius, 1793), showing the ocelloccipital distance OOD (yellow line), two tangentials placed behind the lateral ocellus and along the inner margin of the compound eye (red lines), and the white rectangle with dimensions 1.1 x OOD x 0.55 x OOD within which the punctures were measured in our morphometric analyses." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.96796.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/810381" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">1</figureCitation>
-
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2, 3" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2, 3. Lectotype female of Megachile argentata 2 dorsal view 3 head in front view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.96796.figures2-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/811587" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1524" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 15 - 24. Megachile argentata 15 female metasoma of northwestern African populations, M. argentata argentata 16 female metasoma of European, Levant, Turkey and Central Asian populations, M. argentata argentata 17 female metasoma of Malta populations, M. argentata schmiedeknechti 18 female metasoma of Corsican and Sardinian populations, M. argentata schmiedeknechti 19 female metasomal tergum 4 20 female vertex 21 apex of female clypeus 22 male front tarsi 23 male metasomal sterna 3 - 5 24 male genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.96796.figures15-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/810386" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">15-24</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>