129 lines
15 KiB
XML
129 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="12DCE1FA19EA142448C51F054455F7A0" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4178.3.5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4178.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fb113551-41a5-40e7-80fd-ce05a4dfcc00" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="272503" ID-ZooBank="51B86192-BF51-444F-8C00-960C10E8DF5C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1477469536949" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="James, Samuel W. & Gamiette, Franciane" docDate="2016" docId="440C87ADFF91C958FF19C48BFD88FD8A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4178.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4178 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Dichogaster" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="399" masterDocId="B835FFD5FF96C950FF8EC12DFF91FFEA" masterDocTitle="New species of Dichogaster Beddard, 1888 (Clitellata: Benhamiidae) with additional records of earthworms from Guadeloupe (French West Indies)" masterLastPageNumber="408" masterPageNumber="391" pageNumber="398" updateTime="1698390840751" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C4CFB4B7C2687AC7681CC518A9CC2481">
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<mods:title id="86E6A0F047A39EE9FC88A8BD94A0E217">New species of Dichogaster Beddard, 1888 (Clitellata: Benhamiidae) with additional records of earthworms from Guadeloupe (French West Indies)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2EDEEBE8F5B43D9FE0A33D11CF9541B4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5FB3BEE62715EFBD13252503331086BA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6596F9F16A3DF25CD807E124A874FC45">James, Samuel W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="301B188C20743A5C0E8C311759C626F6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B808FCF9FD6E90FD030C387FCEF02F98">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5C3E8E3207A1C34810D08B74A63174F4">Gamiette, Franciane</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="432739664210692E1A26A8B0C3EBFF74">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="D205E6F6624B26EE907877DEF8A099B8">
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<mods:title id="FA2435A2C283987B65CA7B798CE47316">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="74C989934F212EB32E6AEFBDD0E05485">
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<mods:date id="85EDCD8B0C1F66CF24294E70C90A0ADF">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="0C8AD3C0DE7ACE207CA9E983BBBBA471" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="AAEFD8BEFE68BCEF551B5B8DA4061A69">4178</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="402D588222BBEC4E5179543551BD05E9" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="09BA754A703DFADD401F0961E40872F1">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="6D724F970A8CB5568492BE616D30B37B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4178.3.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="11625D20E003AE4E2674C5B730499A92" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AE306095790A137A1634496DE9FF424D" type="Zenodo-Dep">272503</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="440C87ADFF91C958FF19C48BFD88FD8A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6070204" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124558165" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6070204" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:440C87ADFF91C958FF19C48BFD88FD8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/440C87ADFF91C958FF19C48BFD88FD8A" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">
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<subSubSection id="84BF6530FF91C957FF19C48BFEFBFA2A" box="[151,362,1446,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CC1A36BBFF91C957FF19C48BFEFBFA2A" blockId="7.[151,362,1446,1472]" box="[151,362,1446,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">
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<heading id="975281D7FF91C957FF19C48BFEFBFA2A" bold="true" box="[151,362,1446,1472]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="FED1EAA9FF91C957FF19C48BFEFBFA2A" bold="true" box="[151,362,1446,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">
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<taxonomicName id="0BA54D38FF91C957FF19C48BFEB8FA2A" box="[151,297,1446,1472]" class="Clitellata" family="Octochaetidae" genus="Dichogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FED1EAA9FF91C957FF19C48BFEB8FA2A" bold="true" box="[151,297,1446,1472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">Dichogaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 4
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="84BF6530FF91C957FF19C4C0FABDF9C0" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="CC1A36BBFF91C957FF19C4C0FABDF9C0" blockId="7.[151,1437,1517,2010]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">
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<materialsCitation id="7CCD3CE6FF91C957FF19C4C0FABDF9C0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324200684" country="Guadeloupe" county="Basse Terre" elevation="1178" latitude="16.039133" location="Material" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.666084" municipality="Savane Mulet" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-juvenile="3">
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<emphasis id="FED1EAA9FF91C957FF19C4C0FE11F9EC" bold="true" box="[151,384,1517,1542]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">
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<location id="C97A6060FF91C957FF19C4C0FF6EF9EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:440C87ADFF91C958FF19C48BFD88FD8A:C97A6060FF91C957FF19C4C0FF6EF9EC" box="[151,255,1517,1542]" country="Guadeloupe" county="Basse Terre" latitude="16.039133" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.666084" municipality="Savane Mulet" name="Material" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">Material</location>
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examined.
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="DAA3FD32FF91C957FE09C4C3FD95F9EC" box="[391,516,1517,1542]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" type="juvenile">3 juveniles</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="2C7EACC1FF91C957FD81C4C3FD3CF9EC" box="[527,685,1517,1542]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">Savane Mulet</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="257B4E37FF91C957FD36C4C3FCAFF9EF" box="[696,830,1518,1541]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">Basse Terre</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="B4B2762BFF91C957FCC7C4C0FC42F9EC" box="[841,979,1517,1542]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="A991507CFF91C957FC50C4C0FBE1F9EC" box="[990,1136,1517,1542]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" precision="1" value="16.039133">N16°02.348'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="A991507CFF91C957FBF4C4C0FA80F9EC" box="[1146,1297,1517,1542]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" precision="1" value="-61.666084">W61°39.965'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation id="4788D188FF91C957FA95C4C3FAFEF9EF" box="[1307,1391,1518,1542]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.178" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" unit="m" value="1178.0">
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<quantity id="0B5D9B5EFF91C957FA95C4C3FAFEF9EF" box="[1307,1391,1518,1542]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.178" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" unit="m" value="1178.0">1178 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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asl. In organic soil, moss and root mats in low montane vegetation of the western slope of Soufriere volcano.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="84BF6530FF91C958FF49C718FE39FEAA" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CC1A36BBFF91C957FF49C718FB9CF8E8" blockId="7.[151,1437,1517,2010]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">
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<emphasis id="FED1EAA9FF91C957FF49C718FEC0F9A4" bold="true" box="[199,337,1589,1614]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">Description</emphasis>
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. Dimensions
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<quantity id="0B5D9B5EFF91C957FE7BC718FDE2F9A7" box="[501,627,1589,1614]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="45.0">45–50 mm</quantity>
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by
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<quantity id="0B5D9B5EFF91C957FD29C71BFD7DF9A7" box="[679,748,1590,1614]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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at x,
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<quantity id="0B5D9B5EFF91C957FCB6C718FC3EF9A7" box="[824,943,1589,1614]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">
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2.5–
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<quantity id="0B5D9B5EFF91C957FCE5C718FC3EF9A7" box="[875,943,1589,1614]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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</quantity>
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at xxx; body cylindrical in cross section, segments 174, 177, unpigmented. Setae ventral, closely paired throughout; setal formula AA:AB:BC:CD = 5:1:4:1 at xxx; DD> 1/2 circumference throughout. Prostomium epilobous closed, segments faintly triannulate from segment lx onwards. First dorsal pore 12/13, 14/15, spermathecal pores in AB 7/8, 8/9. Ovipores on equatorial ovate papillae median to A in xiv; male pores not seen; prostatic pores and penial setae at ends of S-curved seminal grooves in AB in xvii–xix. Clitellum not developed; no other genital markings.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC1A36BBFF91C958FF49C623FA1EFF3F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1517,2010]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,608]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="7" pageNumber="398">
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Septa thin until
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<date id="B81B107BFF91C957FEF4C623FE6AF8CC" box="[378,507,1806,1830]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" value="2013-10-09" valueMax="2013-12-09" valueMin="2013-10-09">9/10–12/13</date>
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,
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<date id="B81B107BFF91C957FD89C623FDCDF8CC" box="[519,604,1806,1830]" pageId="7" pageNumber="398" value="2011-10-09">9/10/11</date>
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meet body wall at same point; alimentary canal with small proventriculus in v, two gizzards in vi, vii; esophagus valvular in xviii, intestinal origin xix; typhlosole 23/24–cxxv, or –cxxxiii, a low fold 0.25 lumen diameter. Paired lateral typhlosoles 24–26, 29; very small. Thick chloragogen coating on outer intestinal surface from xxv–lv, intestinal constriction at 54/55; no caeca. Calciferous glands reniform, paired in xv– xvii, composed of longitudinally-oriented lamellae opening to medial, glands opening by separate ducts to esophagus, gland size xv<xvi≤xvii. Micronephridia 10 per segment, pre-intestinal nephridia tubular; intestinal segment nephridia closed sac-shaped with oil droplets. Vascular system with ventral trunk, single dorsal trunk, these connected by lateral commisural vessels in v(?), vi–ix, vii to gizzard wall; latero-esophageal hearts in x–xii.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC1A36BBFF9EC958FF49C1F2FE39FEAA" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="8" pageNumber="399">Fan-shaped ovaries composed of long strings, with funnels in xiii; paired spermathecae in viii, ix, very small in juvenile condition. Male sexual system undeveloped, tubular prostates xvii, xix very small in juvenile condition, as are penial setal follicles.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="84BF6530FF9EC958FF49C061FD88FD8A" pageId="8" pageNumber="399" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="CC1A36BBFF9EC958FF49C061FD88FD8A" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="8" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis id="FED1EAA9FF9EC958FF49C061FEA5FE8F" bold="true" box="[199,308,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="399">Remarks</emphasis>
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. There are several smaller juveniles apparently of this species in the collection but here we are reporting on the largest individuals. However incomplete the description is, this species can be distinguished from others of
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<collectingRegion id="0E61F859FF9EC958FE8BC0B9FE1DFE47" box="[261,396,404,429]" country="France" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="8" pageNumber="399">
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<collectingCountry id="B4B2762BFF9EC958FE8BC0B9FE1DFE47" box="[261,396,404,429]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="8" pageNumber="399">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
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</collectingRegion>
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quite easily. There are 3 acaecate species described above, all of which are pigmented. In
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<bibRefCitation id="A8344B4AFF9EC958FF19C095FEA1FE3A" author="James" box="[151,304,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="399" refString="James, S. W. (1996) Nine new species of Dichogaster from Guadeloupe, French West Indies (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae). Zoologica Scripta, 25, 21 - 24. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1996. tb 00149. x" type="journal article" year="1996">James (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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there are four acaecate species, and all are obviously pigmented, either blue-green or red to redbrown. One of those,
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<taxonomicName id="0BA54D38FF9EC958FE00C0F0FDBCFE1E" box="[398,557,476,500]" class="Clitellata" family="Octochaetidae" genus="Dichogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="8" pageNumber="399" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="musciphila">
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<emphasis id="FED1EAA9FF9EC958FE00C0F0FDBCFE1E" box="[398,557,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="399">D. musciphila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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plus another presented above as
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<emphasis id="FED1EAA9FF9EC958FC28C0F0FC2BFE1E" box="[934,954,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="399">D</emphasis>
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. sp. 1 was found at the same location. All four species in
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<bibRefCitation id="A8344B4AFF9EC958FECBC32DFE4DFDF2" author="James" box="[325,476,511,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="399" refString="James, S. W. (1996) Nine new species of Dichogaster from Guadeloupe, French West Indies (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae). Zoologica Scripta, 25, 21 - 24. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1996. tb 00149. x" type="journal article" year="1996">James (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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are tanylobous, have longer lateral typhlosoles and either more (12-14) or fewer (8) nephridia per segment. A fifth species in the acaecate group, left undescribed in
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<bibRefCitation id="A8344B4AFF9EC958FBAEC308FB26FDD7" author="James" box="[1056,1207,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="399" refString="James, S. W. (1996) Nine new species of Dichogaster from Guadeloupe, French West Indies (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae). Zoologica Scripta, 25, 21 - 24. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1996. tb 00149. x" type="journal article" year="1996">James (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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is epilobous, has 12 nephridia and is blue-green in life.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |