681 lines
79 KiB
XML
681 lines
79 KiB
XML
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<mods:namePart id="D74CC0C261D5D97770F9ED10CAAD817C">Seigler, David S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="72A17040D2DB1DB462CE019E0B70960C">Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C3BF6A844CD738A13979C91173E90A5E">da Silva, Guilherme Sousa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BF2F8673ED78C034697BEC558CCA309C">Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 13083 - 876, Sao Paulo / SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5D883F88B9F0F8C0185CA3C68FD52A2A">Simon, Marcelo F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="06609C74FEDBF1E46CA8A4B0635C8A62">Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (Embrapa) Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estacao Biologica, Caixa Postal 02372, 70770 - 917, Brasilia / DF, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2602F5F797BA1E1AE748DA5884F0D1A6">Soares, Marcos Vinicius Batista</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="15F0E77227791C6D9E5E3294B9125385">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Botanica, Av. Bento Goncalves 9500, Bloco IV - Predio 43433, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501 - 970, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7495A59F90702D35E8169F0775F68E50">Terra, Vanessa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FDCBA9AA23727867EE9DA43747868791">Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105 - 900, Santa Maria / RS, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="FE25B76FFB6C6312BCDB82EA474EF95C">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="51C2137A1CAB44294B5AC2C1925E360F">
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<mods:date id="147DC129576A93C2D4215FF35285616C">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BF83A0D6EE3A27E86A781F78CFBF1720">2024-04-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3875B3DE8DB540F3872268E1C0C9AE7F">240</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="BE5343461C5C622E6ECD5E659512D8FB">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="0886332E50A9E6A08D5E54ABC2BBF576">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="13B31BC3C8330B33BBFD8CDDEF9AA2A6" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B2A7133C49BE092FF35073B99EA8F99F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B2A7133C49BE092FF35073B99EA8F99F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B2A7133C49BE092FF35073B99EA8F99F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph id="E695E70241098310A8CD8EC819E74596" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="6CE54C3F88A4F699D7B870EA6E8480E8" ID-CoL="9CKC6" authority="Hoyle, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932 (2): 101. 1932." authorityName="Hoyle, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932 (2): 101. 1932." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chidlowia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chidlowia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Chidlowia Hoyle, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932 (2): 101. 1932.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="3CDB7AD31BFE90DD33BE3DA8D14DC4D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0D2A93B6BA7A48E1975D4075FF05CB7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation id="AC36B05BB6A9912209D802ADD33CE716" captionStart="Figure 114" captionStartId="F121" captionText="Figure 114. Phylogenetic position of Sympetalandra and Chidlowia in tribe Mimoseae. For description of phylogeny and support values, see Fig. 6 caption (page 63)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure114" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014786" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 114</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="AA544715C8D4E6183B7C9E673E034D58" captionStart="Figure 117" captionStartId="F124" captionText="Figure 117. Chidlowia sanguinea Hoyle A tree with steep buttresses and twisted trunk B bark greyish to brownish with many lenticels, inner bark pink to reddish brown C parapinnate leaves with 4 - 6 pairs of leaflets D inflorescence, long and pendulous panicle E tip of inflorescence showing multiple buds F deep red flowers with long stamens and style G fruit, with coriaceous woody valves H dehisced fruit showing under-developed seed remnants. Photo credits A-C C Jongkind (WAG) D-H X van der Burgt (K)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure117" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014789" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 117</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6BFAFA6CB64C3328C8B72CEB5059E7E9" captionStart="Figure 118" captionStartId="F125" captionText="Figure 118. Distribution of Chidlowia based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure118" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014790" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 118</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28389734985D57AA75F9A31853DAE1E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="253EBBDFD8C56620243C2A3F2DC39F92" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<typeStatus id="13E24765EB70F4CD0589220742CF746D">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="21158BDD398C0BF211368C129D1ABD55" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A88628254E83BD46CCE660CF13A34C1E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Chidlowia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chidlowia sanguinea" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinea">
|
||
<emphasis id="A45E9A033D09155106600EF2D30C836C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chidlowia sanguinea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hoyle
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CCA580CA320D134D09F155007C812A5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AA6A9CAEBD1A6F347C2FFF32A825744" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Chidlowia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chidlowia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="81E0FAFE7664E6D67EADD7891305AD3E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chidlowia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here considered a monospecific lineage, whose relationship to other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F12E04F3B8D3196992BDD03F5E5037AE" family="Caesalpiniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Mimoseae">Mimoseae</taxonomicName>
|
||
remains difficult to determine. In all phylogenetic analyses in which the genus is included, it is resolved as a distinct lineage, generally on a long branch, but strongly supported within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DA0CD9A3B5760E0B0915D7F52F30D24" family="Caesalpiniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Mimoseae">Mimoseae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="848F4AD86F7CB906A867476CA8C3D2D7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" author="Manzanilla, V" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 162" refId="B526" refString="Manzanilla, V, Bruneau, A, 2012. Phylogeny reconstruction in the Caesalpinieae grade (Leguminosae) based on duplicated copies of the sucrose synthase gene and plastid markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65 (1): 149 - 162, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" title="Phylogeny reconstruction in the Caesalpinieae grade (Leguminosae) based on duplicated copies of the sucrose synthase gene and plastid markers." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" volume="65" year="2012">Manzanilla and Bruneau 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64763BBCC680CF3149F7300B52942D5A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" author="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group]" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="44 - 77" refId="B505" refString="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group], 2017. A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny. Taxon 66: 44 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" title="A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" volume="66" year="2017">LPWG 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="768F6A8492312C48417CE7B73034F324" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1568" author="Koenen, EJM" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1710 - 1735" refId="B441" refString="Koenen, EJM, Kidner, CA, Souza, ER, Simon, MF, Iganci, JRV, Nicholls, JA, Brown, GK, Queiroz, LP, Luckow, MA, Lewis, GP, Pennington, RT, Hughes, CE, 2020a. Hybrid capture of 964 nuclear genes resolves evolutionary relationships in the mimosoid legumes and reveals the polytomous origins of a large pantropical radiation. American Journal of Botany 107 (12): 1710 - 1735, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1568" title="Hybrid capture of 964 nuclear genes resolves evolutionary relationships in the mimosoid legumes and reveals the polytomous origins of a large pantropical radiation." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1568" volume="107" year="2020 a">Koenen et al. 2020a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="03D4AB9DC89055913581A6BA8207EC77" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" author="Ringelberg, JJ" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 58" refId="B712" refString="Ringelberg, JJ, Koenen, EJM, Iganci, JR, Queiroz, LP, Murphy, DJ, Gaudeul, M, Bruneau, A, Luckow, M, Lewis, GP, Hughes, CE, 2022. Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 3 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" title="Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations." year="2022">Ringelberg et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Here it is resolved as nested between the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3BFB5A1DFA48278C93E77C1233ECABE2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Adenanthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Adenanthera" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Adenanthera</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCAD5E8D908FC17EA09A1957BF345A6F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Entada" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entada" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Entada</taxonomicName>
|
||
clades, in a grade with another distinct lineage,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2589C5ABCD4E2D4EC4FA903158C6EDF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Sympetalandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sympetalandra" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="68AE6BD5D4119E572594F8D19DBE2883" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sympetalandra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Stapf, but with no clear affinities between these two genera or with these two clades (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="879948636D23935B4FAEBB287BB5EECA" captionStart="Figure 114" captionStartId="F121" captionText="Figure 114. Phylogenetic position of Sympetalandra and Chidlowia in tribe Mimoseae. For description of phylogeny and support values, see Fig. 6 caption (page 63)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure114" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014786" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">114</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4E58F19FE3C59BAEC82F289E7D2C8226" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C043404AC55E31668397F6BA510CD6AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F0626511B0194DA9B7AA5B6D7BDFF104" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Unarmed tree, small to medium sized, up to 25 (30) m (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A6E21466FD5706C7029CBACC51D0168D" captionStart="Figure 117" captionStartId="F124" captionText="Figure 117. Chidlowia sanguinea Hoyle A tree with steep buttresses and twisted trunk B bark greyish to brownish with many lenticels, inner bark pink to reddish brown C parapinnate leaves with 4 - 6 pairs of leaflets D inflorescence, long and pendulous panicle E tip of inflorescence showing multiple buds F deep red flowers with long stamens and style G fruit, with coriaceous woody valves H dehisced fruit showing under-developed seed remnants. Photo credits A-C C Jongkind (WAG) D-H X van der Burgt (K)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure117" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014789" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">117A</figureCitation>
|
||
) with many adventitious stems; bark very rough, grey to brown with many lenticels (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F683D5CC56E084B3E0EE37012A405505" captionStart="Figure 117" captionStartId="F124" captionText="Figure 117. Chidlowia sanguinea Hoyle A tree with steep buttresses and twisted trunk B bark greyish to brownish with many lenticels, inner bark pink to reddish brown C parapinnate leaves with 4 - 6 pairs of leaflets D inflorescence, long and pendulous panicle E tip of inflorescence showing multiple buds F deep red flowers with long stamens and style G fruit, with coriaceous woody valves H dehisced fruit showing under-developed seed remnants. Photo credits A-C C Jongkind (WAG) D-H X van der Burgt (K)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure117" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014789" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">117B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="C496F59A3D8D9D95E0D3378A020E9FBA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stipules</emphasis>
|
||
small, caducous.
|
||
<emphasis id="7B2A8875FA1B9D9F5B49AB4996E1C6C3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
parapinnate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A85FBA4A0E3731B07A88F72A371804CA" captionStart="Figure 117" captionStartId="F124" captionText="Figure 117. Chidlowia sanguinea Hoyle A tree with steep buttresses and twisted trunk B bark greyish to brownish with many lenticels, inner bark pink to reddish brown C parapinnate leaves with 4 - 6 pairs of leaflets D inflorescence, long and pendulous panicle E tip of inflorescence showing multiple buds F deep red flowers with long stamens and style G fruit, with coriaceous woody valves H dehisced fruit showing under-developed seed remnants. Photo credits A-C C Jongkind (WAG) D-H X van der Burgt (K)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure117" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014789" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">117C</figureCitation>
|
||
), up to 25 cm long; petiole terete, up to 2.5 cm long; leaflets 4-6 pairs opposite or subopposite, 4-12
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B3DFCBF711220944EA7343088D7704C3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2-5 cm.
|
||
<emphasis id="0103747F40E72857FC8539619B322035" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
|
||
a slender, pendulous panicle (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="17DC41ADCED7C1456F98C77E1EC924BF" captionStart="Figure 117" captionStartId="F124" captionText="Figure 117. Chidlowia sanguinea Hoyle A tree with steep buttresses and twisted trunk B bark greyish to brownish with many lenticels, inner bark pink to reddish brown C parapinnate leaves with 4 - 6 pairs of leaflets D inflorescence, long and pendulous panicle E tip of inflorescence showing multiple buds F deep red flowers with long stamens and style G fruit, with coriaceous woody valves H dehisced fruit showing under-developed seed remnants. Photo credits A-C C Jongkind (WAG) D-H X van der Burgt (K)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure117" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014789" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">117D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
), to 40 cm long, usually on old wood or terminal on young branchlets; lateral branchlets numerous and short, 5-7-flowered; bracts and bracteoles minute, caducous.
|
||
<emphasis id="1E5837111C418F489E8993DF98888ADD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||
deep red (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2E7F96888367855680957536E1993A74" captionStart="Figure 117" captionStartId="F124" captionText="Figure 117. Chidlowia sanguinea Hoyle A tree with steep buttresses and twisted trunk B bark greyish to brownish with many lenticels, inner bark pink to reddish brown C parapinnate leaves with 4 - 6 pairs of leaflets D inflorescence, long and pendulous panicle E tip of inflorescence showing multiple buds F deep red flowers with long stamens and style G fruit, with coriaceous woody valves H dehisced fruit showing under-developed seed remnants. Photo credits A-C C Jongkind (WAG) D-H X van der Burgt (K)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure117" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014789" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">117F</figureCitation>
|
||
); pedicels slender, 3-3.5 mm; calyx campanulate, ca. 2 mm long with 5 short rounded teeth; disk fleshy, campanulate, adnate to base of calyx tube; petals free, 5 subequal, 6-7 mm long; stamens 10, partly joined at the base, red; pollen in monads, coarsely reticulate exine with foramina (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F15ACDD17FDDA347492E213BD68736BB" author="Banks, HI" editor="Klitgaard, BB" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="95 - 122" refId="B35" refString="Banks, HI, Klitgaard, BB, Lewis, GP, Crane, PR, Bruneau, A, 2003. Pollen and systematics of tribes Caesalpinieae and Cassiae (Caesalpinioideae: Leguminosae). In: Klitgaard, BB, Bruneau, A, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 10. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 95 - 122" title="Pollen and systematics of tribes Caesalpinieae and Cassiae (Caesalpinioideae: Leguminosae)." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 10." year="2003">Banks et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); ovary stipitate, style long and red.
|
||
<emphasis id="F033724C841ADB43228909B43C90E957" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruit</emphasis>
|
||
oblong-linear, acute at both ends, up to 60 cm long and 6 cm broad, valves coriaceous woody (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="8261DA943C0E3500B53E31627FD7F305" captionStart="Figure 117" captionStartId="F124" captionText="Figure 117. Chidlowia sanguinea Hoyle A tree with steep buttresses and twisted trunk B bark greyish to brownish with many lenticels, inner bark pink to reddish brown C parapinnate leaves with 4 - 6 pairs of leaflets D inflorescence, long and pendulous panicle E tip of inflorescence showing multiple buds F deep red flowers with long stamens and style G fruit, with coriaceous woody valves H dehisced fruit showing under-developed seed remnants. Photo credits A-C C Jongkind (WAG) D-H X van der Burgt (K)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure117" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014789" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">117G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
), dehiscing elastically along both sutures, separately spirally twisting, 9-14 (15) seeds.
|
||
<emphasis id="14790192DCB0E85ADE7D7C97B0032060" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||
suborbicular, flat, shining red-brown, testa coriaceous; funiculus less than 1 mm long; hilum concealed by funicular remnant; pleurogram absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="0EF60B06685A806DD1A909DE2028EC4B" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure117" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014789" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 117" startId="F124">
|
||
<paragraph id="792670EF65C524E4DDB6F76A7A2BA19E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9E7AEB3F9A192A79431986796A5BE59" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 117.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3F89A042A71615314D88E06AD78672F9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Chidlowia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chidlowia sanguinea" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinea">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A77D9AEF73A1868E35C9DAE0485921C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chidlowia sanguinea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hoyle
|
||
<emphasis id="EEBEA5DEF3C6CCF01578E09014AD39C0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
tree with steep buttresses and twisted trunk
|
||
<emphasis id="A5952E8A0E361BC609B26996249A0A0B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
bark greyish to brownish with many lenticels, inner bark pink to reddish brown
|
||
<emphasis id="BA5A0F3B65D79C63300165D28E407538" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
parapinnate leaves with 4-6 pairs of leaflets
|
||
<emphasis id="F15F8E973E6084B54F090CA24CCE4083" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
inflorescence, long and pendulous panicle
|
||
<emphasis id="93D9D1C2C1EB1AD3910E9D0EAE3A3CBD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
tip of inflorescence showing multiple buds
|
||
<emphasis id="07B3950873F787C30EF49F6C421DC84C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
deep red flowers with long stamens and style
|
||
<emphasis id="F2DC452BB04E341C50A48F7F88B73389" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
fruit, with coriaceous woody valves
|
||
<emphasis id="4FC07EA28C8DB798992EA8A42A5B31CC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
dehisced fruit showing under-developed seed remnants. Photo credits
|
||
<emphasis id="23C58274D049991694187BB870FAB9B3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
C Jongkind (WAG)
|
||
<emphasis id="FC10C2977D0D98C160C56CCF9691B77D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-H</emphasis>
|
||
X van der Burgt (K).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EFE341E48CA5024507E034EC3CA0BC8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
|
||
<paragraph id="AB4E2618217391471E270A4509FD674C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F018847261CAC696B71D1FD8FDA6973E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0E0523D59C8B28C4D165C3497E61A0BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="0EF0A997226FCF1715D97E5390499CB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Included species and geographic distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B651685674D1C20719A7474CE2ABA0C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Monospecific (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76826444DB5A372F96DC0C4ED0F5148E" class="Dicotyledones" family="Meliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. sanguinea" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="sanguinea">
|
||
<emphasis id="FF2BD27B07DA30B952F5FA7C99B723CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. sanguinea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), West tropical Africa in Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Sierra Leone (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="E6493570C19EDB1F9395C672C8430675" captionStart="Figure 118" captionStartId="F125" captionText="Figure 118. Distribution of Chidlowia based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure118" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014790" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">118</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D8F2867581D91921CC5E67AC483A645D" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure118" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014790" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 118" startId="F125">
|
||
<paragraph id="51786868E4B8D4B02D0F637AFAD5E401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="1B1651594E34DA4F6B8EDCF7B2C98566" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 118.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D04300ECD7ACF03C04C319D92CBA8AAF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Chidlowia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chidlowia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="00D07D3B40336856B7DB2D4E57D900BA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chidlowia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B96A127D3DE89938B88208C0C2B4EC88" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8465D2ADCFE28389FE5715696554016A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E911D6C75D8384F77FA802251FAF09D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trees of evergreen and moist semi-deciduous Guineo-Congolian forest.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E06768B04B183BB6297C1A2BE57F2724" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F299B6C8C64D9D801296EBF24D7A5BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F217A26266610B34BF1218E5D3BE086D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Named in honour of English silviculturist, Chidlow Vigne, who worked at the Gold Coast Forest Service, and was the first collector to recognise the distinctiveness of specimens of this species.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="03521055854CA92BB9640607EE27B46B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="human uses">
|
||
<paragraph id="865390302B72802278D2A1D5B6618F39" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Human uses.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2B190BF8927536F6C899F5DF73542FA8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In Ivory Coast the wood, which is very hard and known as
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C4E9CF81EC39BCAC9E1F6F74EE79CCD4" originalValue="‘bala’">'bala'</normalizedToken>
|
||
, is locally used for joinery, stakes and rifle butts (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="648AA09F56067CD7325DA5B0B9235B94" author="Lemmens, RHMJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Comparative Economics" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://prota.prota4u.org/searchresults.asp" refId="B462" refString="Lemmens, RHMJ, 2010. Stuhlmannia moavi Taub., Chidlowia sanguinea Hoyle. In: Lemmens RHMJ, Loupe D, Oteng-Amoako AA (Eds) PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa / Ressources vegetales de l'Afrique tropicale). Wageningen, Netherlands. https://prota.prota4u.org/searchresults.asp" title="Stuhlmannia moavi Taub., Chidlowia sanguinea Hoyle. In: Lemmens RHMJ, Loupe D, Oteng-Amoako AA (Eds) PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa / Ressources vegetales de l'Afrique tropicale). Wageningen, Netherlands." url="https://prota.prota4u.org/searchresults.asp" year="2010">Lemmens 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="211E2F84E44DFE3B9D9F845E82176C28" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph id="9046D8C97D7B45D339E65EE57EE9DABB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="423D2BEF413C9ACAF1CCFCC00EBCA8A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="059EA8ED7B830192CB0AF87B1813CFA3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Chidlowia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chidlowia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3B25663C260721A764964681406E8C70" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chidlowia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was placed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44C10EC05A2DB071792B55769BAAA53E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Dimorphandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dimorphandra" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Dimorphandra</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D87AB3FBE216BE95C3696A685764D95D" family="Caesalpiniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Caesalpinieae">Caesalpinieae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AFE2301A2C04F657BB1A4A51555DB7EF" author="Polhill, RM" editor="Polhill, RM" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 95" refId="B669" refString="Polhill, RM, Vidal, JE, 1981. Tribe 1. Caesalpinieae. In: Polhill, RM, Raven, PH, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 81 - 95" title="Tribe 1. Caesalpinieae." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1." year="1981">Polhill and Vidal (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7823FDFBA09E774F4D5A5424C6DB221A" author="Polhill, RM" journalOrPublisher="11, part 1. Oxford University Press, New York, USA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B667" refString="Polhill, RM, 1994. Classification of the Leguminosae & Complete synopsis of legume genera. In: Bisby FA, Buckingham J, Harborne JB (Eds) Phytochemical Dictionary of the Leguminosae, vol. 1: Plants and their Constituents. Chapman and Hall, London, United Kingdom, xxxv-lvii." title="Classification of the Leguminosae & Complete synopsis of legume genera. In: Bisby FA, Buckingham J, Harborne JB (Eds) Phytochemical Dictionary of the Leguminosae, vol. 1: Plants and their Constituents. Chapman and Hall, London, United Kingdom, xxxv-lvii." year="1994">Polhill (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C63FD40C34D7619AE89E28267F276FD3" author="Lewis, GP" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B471" refString="Lewis, GP, 2005b. Tribe Caesalpinieae. In: Lewis G, Schrire B, Mackinder B, Lock M (Eds) Legumes of the World, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom, 127-161." title="Tribe Caesalpinieae. In: Lewis G, Schrire B, Mackinder B, Lock M (Eds) Legumes of the World, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom, 127 - 161." year="2005 b">Lewis (2005b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but resolved as part of the mimosoid clade when first sampled in a molecular phylogenetic analysis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F18C5DE94833182CB757AD0CBBF21317" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" author="Manzanilla, V" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 162" refId="B526" refString="Manzanilla, V, Bruneau, A, 2012. Phylogeny reconstruction in the Caesalpinieae grade (Leguminosae) based on duplicated copies of the sucrose synthase gene and plastid markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65 (1): 149 - 162, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" title="Phylogeny reconstruction in the Caesalpinieae grade (Leguminosae) based on duplicated copies of the sucrose synthase gene and plastid markers." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" volume="65" year="2012">Manzanilla and Bruneau 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a placement that has subsequently been confirmed with additional data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9CD9899254C5F1B3C77D2B96B5542986" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" author="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group]" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="44 - 77" refId="B505" refString="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group], 2017. A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny. Taxon 66: 44 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" title="A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" volume="66" year="2017">LPWG 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F8D5A8001FAD55A490C3579DAD7C71A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1568" author="Koenen, EJM" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1710 - 1735" refId="B441" refString="Koenen, EJM, Kidner, CA, Souza, ER, Simon, MF, Iganci, JRV, Nicholls, JA, Brown, GK, Queiroz, LP, Luckow, MA, Lewis, GP, Pennington, RT, Hughes, CE, 2020a. Hybrid capture of 964 nuclear genes resolves evolutionary relationships in the mimosoid legumes and reveals the polytomous origins of a large pantropical radiation. American Journal of Botany 107 (12): 1710 - 1735, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1568" title="Hybrid capture of 964 nuclear genes resolves evolutionary relationships in the mimosoid legumes and reveals the polytomous origins of a large pantropical radiation." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1568" volume="107" year="2020 a">Koenen et al. 2020a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1DCB9A924AB82BD2C6B547F328616693" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" author="Ringelberg, JJ" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 58" refId="B712" refString="Ringelberg, JJ, Koenen, EJM, Iganci, JR, Queiroz, LP, Murphy, DJ, Gaudeul, M, Bruneau, A, Luckow, M, Lewis, GP, Hughes, CE, 2022. Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 3 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" title="Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations." year="2022">Ringelberg et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Morphologically, members of the informal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BDE097EE5446CD7CB3E3E93A4E258594" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Dimorphandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dimorphandra" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Dimorphandra</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E7FFBF064B36159B08BC4DBB1208CD4" author="Polhill, RM" editor="Polhill, RM" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 95" refId="B669" refString="Polhill, RM, Vidal, JE, 1981. Tribe 1. Caesalpinieae. In: Polhill, RM, Raven, PH, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 81 - 95" title="Tribe 1. Caesalpinieae." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1." year="1981">Polhill and Vidal (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were known to have similarities to mimosoid legumes and the group was considered a
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FD4EEC66FCC2EF4A7D3B68B57764FCC0" originalValue="‘‘">''</normalizedToken>
|
||
transitional
|
||
<normalizedToken id="45B4ED452FF6860415FFE0C6E6E3BA18" originalValue="link’’">link''</normalizedToken>
|
||
between the caesalpinioids and mimosoids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6AB72236AE4948422AEA73891D1D704D" author="Polhill, RM" editor="Polhill, RM" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 95" refId="B669" refString="Polhill, RM, Vidal, JE, 1981. Tribe 1. Caesalpinieae. In: Polhill, RM, Raven, PH, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 81 - 95" title="Tribe 1. Caesalpinieae." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1." year="1981">Polhill and Vidal 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="80B2313476870AEAE5B0C04BBAC75CBF" author="Luckow, MA" editor="Herendeen, PS" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="165 - 180" refId="B515" refString="Luckow, MA, White, PJ, Bruneau, A, 2000. Relationships among basal genera of mimosoid legumes. In: Herendeen, PS, Bruneau, A, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 165 - 180" title="Relationships among basal genera of mimosoid legumes." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9." year="2000">Luckow et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="718F91675E435B29510023EAC5D48721" author="Luckow, MA" editor="Klitgaard, B" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="197 - 220" refId="B516" refString="Luckow, MA, Miller, JT, Murphy, DJ, Livshultz, T, 2003. A phylogenetic analysis of the Mimosoideae (Leguminosae) based on chloroplast DNA sequence data. In: Klitgaard, B, Bruneau, A, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 10, Higher Level Systematics. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 197 - 220" title="A phylogenetic analysis of the Mimosoideae (Leguminosae) based on chloroplast DNA sequence data." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 10, Higher Level Systematics." year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA940E2412B56076245CFF2117C169D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A09801466684CABCF1CE790D015D172" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Chidlowia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chidlowia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0CC1C2FADC2E01B287B57C60C48781E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chidlowia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the singly pinnate leaves, relatively large flowers with showy red petals which are strongly imbricate in bud, the large explosively dehiscent woody fruits, and seeds lacking a pleurogram are all more suggestive of placement outside the mimosoids.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8227DBD1A528C4BC80CB10F6D5BFE856" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" author="Hoyle, AC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="101 - 103" refId="B375" refString="Hoyle, AC, 1932. Chidlowia, a new tree genus of Caesalpiniaceae from West Tropical Africa. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) 1932 (2): 101 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" title="Chidlowia, a new tree genus of Caesalpiniaceae from West Tropical Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" volume="1932" year="1932">Hoyle (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
had suggested an affinity with the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4A1BB4967B93858B48183B149912BC76" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Schotia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schotia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CC367F5A469BD99D25D438F2A401267C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schotia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Jacq. (subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="52769A67DFA6A0C90CBDBEE4BFF3E308" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Detarioideae">Detarioideae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but the regular flowers with equally sized petals, the showy red stamen filaments partly joined at the base (described as free by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="65F960CCCBA1E326F36D2A1C5CE42BDA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" author="Hoyle, AC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="101 - 103" refId="B375" refString="Hoyle, AC, 1932. Chidlowia, a new tree genus of Caesalpiniaceae from West Tropical Africa. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) 1932 (2): 101 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" title="Chidlowia, a new tree genus of Caesalpiniaceae from West Tropical Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" volume="1932" year="1932">Hoyle (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the genus protologue), and the small campanulate, gamosepalous calyx, support placement in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53E905CC1273F0EEEC532FBE2C04CFC9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Mimoseae">Mimoseae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="693CDA39ACD69312210A8CAB532C0942" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Chidlowia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chidlowia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="34D5470DDD89AD1239A56EBD5170D424" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chidlowia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also stands out in having dorsifixed (not basifixed) anthers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BCBECC09D5C82AB7B75C0775E1A8EE1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94A9F4311DDB09179D4B62038D61513B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Chidlowia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chidlowia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="871C9FF19F8CD9A15F8B734171320580" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chidlowia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has flowers similar to those found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CDA98D4330EDB9C2443FB9701D659A0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Sympetalandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sympetalandra" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E92EC894A7EB3FF293D6087D29AB57A7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sympetalandra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a fleshy and thick floral disc joined to the base of the calyx, petals and stamens simulating a hypanthium (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="33877F49B507DA2D1432AE778DC7C9A6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" author="Hoyle, AC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="101 - 103" refId="B375" refString="Hoyle, AC, 1932. Chidlowia, a new tree genus of Caesalpiniaceae from West Tropical Africa. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) 1932 (2): 101 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" title="Chidlowia, a new tree genus of Caesalpiniaceae from West Tropical Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" volume="1932" year="1932">Hoyle 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These two genera could be considered as morphologically aberrant in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AA9C0FCC888B4A0E33FFE16C9BA1A064" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Mimoseae">Mimoseae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because of the paripinnate leaves and the imbricate ascending petals. However, paripinnate leaves occur in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94019970A546A1A27812FC633FB2B483" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Mimoseae">Mimoseae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera, such as the speciose genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F5EC5986A14E0AD2734EB683B42823" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7C3CCA0B76E8A8F3587B812A094E58B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mill. and in some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E24DEB44913E8497641BB88E86A7371" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="52FD7E217E09A35040667D87EFF865D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
P. Browne. Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F7E9B6B0CFED97A5CAD04580C0B1F647" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Chidlowia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chidlowia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="622151073F95F126B747A28DB2979964" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chidlowia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares with other nodulating Mimosae a symbiosome root nodule anatomy, whereby rhizobia are symplastically retained in the host cell cytoplasm within membrane-bound symbiosomes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A282E5B476784B3F711A38232ADA73FB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18321" author="Faria, SM" journalOrPublisher="New Phytologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2365 - 2377" refId="B268" refString="Faria, SM, Ringelberg, JJ, Gross, E, Koenen, EJM, Cardoso, D, Ametsitsi, GKD, Akomatey, J, Maluk, M, Tak, N, Gehlot, HS, Wright, KM, Teaumroong, N, Songwattana, P, Lima, HC, Prin, Y, Zartman, CE, Sprent, JI, Ardley, J, Hughes, CE, James, EK, 2022. The innovation of the symbiosome has enhanced the evolutionary stability of nitrogen fixation in legumes. New Phytologist 235: 2365 - 2377, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18321" title="The innovation of the symbiosome has enhanced the evolutionary stability of nitrogen fixation in legumes." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18321" volume="235" year="2022">Faria et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AFEEE7FC841756850D84CDEEF32DD68E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic references">
|
||
<paragraph id="49BBA4FD804AAB6BA98D9C3668739760" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic references.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F8D6A4AFD7CB2D11ED49AEEA99A8F3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="68117F29F67540382D1A84DAA47A3A64" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" author="Hoyle, AC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="101 - 103" refId="B375" refString="Hoyle, AC, 1932. Chidlowia, a new tree genus of Caesalpiniaceae from West Tropical Africa. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) 1932 (2): 101 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" title="Chidlowia, a new tree genus of Caesalpiniaceae from West Tropical Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4113372" volume="1932" year="1932">Hoyle (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="029AF9098744D382AFD3FA4AE0AB6E8B" author="Hutchinson, J" editor="Keay, RWJ" journalOrPublisher="Second edition. Crown Agents, London, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="489 - 587" refId="B397" refString="Hutchinson, J, Dalziel, JM, 1958. Caesalpiniaceae, Mimosaceae & Papilionaceae. In: Keay, RWJ, Ed., Flora of West Tropical Africa, Volume 1, Part 2. Second edition. Crown Agents, London, United Kingdom: 489 - 587" title="Caesalpiniaceae, Mimosaceae & Papilionaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of West Tropical Africa, Volume 1, Part 2." year="1958">Hutchinson and Dalziel (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |