115 lines
12 KiB
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115 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document id="61EFF3BAB6254A18EA8A31D0E0B4E51B" ID-DOI="10.1649/1177.1" ID-ISSN="1938-4394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4924379" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623350105482" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Triplehorn, Charles A., Thomas, Donald B. & Rile, Edward G." docDate="2009" docId="755B87E6FFD3FF956ECDF71EFED193EB" docLanguage="en" docName="TheColeopBull.63.4.413-437.pdf.imf" docOrigin="The Coleopterists Bulletin 63 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:07711681861DB98305E87147CAB6DAD5.4:TheColeopBull.2003-2009.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="07711681861DB98305E87147CAB6DAD5" docStyleName="TheColeopBull.2003-2009.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Eleodes carbonarius" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="418" masterDocId="8962FF9EFFD6FF906F43F606FF95915C" masterDocTitle="The Genus Eleodes Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In Texas" masterLastPageNumber="437" masterPageNumber="413" pageNumber="418" updateTime="1698962435853" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C1484AED96EE3978E1A202D2623AB7E9">
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<mods:title id="C65D474B939241BBFC420C40AB9396EB">The Genus Eleodes Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In Texas</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="0FB5E5BB15A207A4D8FC117244BBB616" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5517165A816E3599E1F7C3B17199A43D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CADCB6CCBB8FFA27941EDD69B19A90DA">Triplehorn, Charles A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="688BFABD52C887483E5EB821E7030B30">Department of Entomology The Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43210, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="62786ADEA09023EBCEAA611DB0EB297C" type="email">Ctriplhrn@aol.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="1F5A609F4540B37F2D8C4D355C432F53">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E8BF0A03211BA61ABC6A945FE2C9F857">Thomas, Donald B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7E9C9D7239E6722FA9B50A375ED3F058">USDA-ARS Subtropical Agriculture Research Center Weslaco, TX 78596, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="31E7A1CBAA4B853B48A92798C01B5938" type="email">donald.thomas@ars.usda.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D7387266BB0ACB5E96D742AB8ECBF656">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2DBD2CF2B9AFFC1E4D9856B7EF07D511">Rile, Edward G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1BE507F86E5E9D66FC655327A98A91F3">Department of Entomology Texas A & M University College Station, TX 77843, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6B2E6669126DED363732075D35802219" type="email">egrchryso@tamu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="05EFF81D4952BF98F79BE480F61133AC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="DB3394B366743E58FBB65E4A0968A5AB">
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<mods:title id="D82B317610C87CEBC5BFD9ECF86A804C">The Coleopterists Bulletin</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7C0BB3F4DA7C53A83AB43AA487298879">
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<mods:date id="27CF671568AB68A0B7C22DEA81732815">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="462F91D7856FAD04B3EE21A7F1E213CB" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="07A38315B1A7327E10063DA53B612AB1">2009-12-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="B0490E16AD91187D529D07C28E86EEE0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="72D7F26CED7BE4A6F60113856BA78D8F">63</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="333CB7D78130F21B0156CFF547F20952" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="92AD1D406DF7C34C613340E138FEFD6B">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="8FB106E7C35CED56E56F43F8676708CD">413</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="F204EB13EECDFFD1C5B9EC01F7DBC54A">437</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="5D202E0B521BB3CE689C8C3D5CC5398E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="02253BF0A13AC1E466296D2E46734ABF" type="DOI">10.1649/1177.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7387FDF10CE1E10E06E57E16BB06D65D" type="ISSN">1938-4394</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="96398FE1D3643AADD5D69ACB79A19CBF" type="Zenodo-Dep">4924379</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="755B87E6FFD3FF956ECDF71EFED193EB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4924682" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4924682" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:755B87E6FFD3FF956ECDF71EFED193EB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/755B87E6FFD3FF956ECDF71EFED193EB" lastPageNumber="418" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
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<subSubSection id="B5E8657BFFD3FF956ECDF71EFD159016" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FD4D36F0FFD3FF956ECDF71EFD419072" blockId="5.[398,724,280,330]" box="[398,724,280,302]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
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<heading id="A605819CFFD3FF956ECDF71EFD419072" box="[398,724,280,302]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="3AF24D73FFD3FF956ECDF71EFD419072" authority="(Say, 1823)" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[398,724,280,302]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
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<emphasis id="CF86EAE2FFD3FF956ECDF71EFD419072" bold="true" box="[398,724,280,302]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis id="CF86EAE2FFD3FF956ECDF71EFDC39072" bold="true" box="[398,598,280,302]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">Eleodes carbonarius</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="99634B01FFD3FF956D25F71EFD599072" author="Say & Descriptions" box="[614,716,280,302]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" pagination="403 - 462" refId="ref11944" refString="Say, T. 1823 - 1824. Descriptions of coleopterous insects collected in the late expedition to the Rocky Mountains performed by order of Mr. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command of Major Long. Journal of the Academy of Natural Science, Philadelphia 3: 139 - 216 (1823); 238 - 282, 298 - 331, 403 - 462 (1824)." type="journal article" year="1823">Say, 1823</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FD4D36F0FFD3FF956EA2F732FD159016" blockId="5.[398,724,280,330]" box="[481,640,308,330]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">(Fig. 2, Map 1)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B5E8657BFFD3FF956FE9F759FCD1936C" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="FD4D36F0FFD3FF956FE9F759FCD1936C" blockId="5.[146,975,351,695]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis id="CF86EAE2FFD3FF956FE9F759FE879029" bold="true" box="[170,274,351,373]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This species is ovate and convex but extremely variable in size, sculpture, and luster which makes it difficult to characterize. There are at least nine distinct populations which are recognized as subspecies, three of which occur in
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<collectingRegion id="3F36F812FFD3FF956FF3F7A9FF7A9099" box="[176,239,431,453]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">Texas</collectingRegion>
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.
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<emphasis id="CF86EAE2FFD3FF956FBEF7B6FE719099" box="[253,484,432,453]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
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<taxonomicName id="3AF24D73FFD3FF956FBEF7B6FEDC9099" box="[253,329,432,453]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eleodes</taxonomicName>
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c.
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<taxonomicName id="3AF24D73FFD3FF956E33F7B6FE719099" box="[368,484,432,453]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">carbonarius</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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is shiny or glossy with punctate-striate elytra consisting of simple punctures with intervals slightly convex;
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<emphasis id="CF86EAE2FFD3FF956C40F7CDFC0690BC" box="[771,915,459,480]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">E. c. obsoletus</emphasis>
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(Say) is similar but with opaque integument and muricate punctures;
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<emphasis id="CF86EAE2FFD3FF956C1AF7E3FC5A90A6" box="[857,975,485,506]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">E. c. soror</emphasis>
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LeConte (type-locality Eagle Pass), is usually smaller with the pronotum subquadrate and narrowed from base to apex. Length:
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<quantity id="3A0A9B15FFD3FF956D91F41CFCD4936C" box="[722,833,538,560]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="12.0">12–28 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B5E8657BFFD3FF956FE9F430FED193EB" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="FD4D36F0FFD3FF956FE9F430FED193EB" blockId="5.[146,975,351,695]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis id="CF86EAE2FFD3FF956FE9F430FEBD9310" bold="true" box="[170,296,566,588]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="CF86EAE2FFD3FF956E77F430FD889317" box="[308,541,566,587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">
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<taxonomicName id="3AF24D73FFD3FF956E77F430FE159317" box="[308,384,566,587]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eleodes</taxonomicName>
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c.
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<taxonomicName id="3AF24D73FFD3FF956EEAF430FD889317" box="[425,541,566,587]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">carbonarius</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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is in west Texas,
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<emphasis id="CF86EAE2FFD3FF956DA9F430FC119317" box="[746,900,566,587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">E. c. obsoletus</emphasis>
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in the panhandle, and
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<emphasis id="CF86EAE2FFD3FF956E7BF457FE37933A" box="[312,418,593,614]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">E. c. soror</emphasis>
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in the lower Rio Grande valley. These subspecies and others also occur in the adjacent states of
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<collectingCountry id="85E57660FFD3FF956D7DF46DFD1B93DD" box="[574,654,619,641]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="418">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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. The larva was described by St.
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<bibRefCitation id="99634B01FFD3FF956FD1F480FEBD93C0" author="George & Studies" box="[146,296,646,668]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref12179" refString="St. George, R. A. 1924. Studies on the larvae of North American beetles of the subfamily Tenebrioninae with a description of the larva and pupa of Merinus laevis (Olivier). Proceedings of the United States National Museum 65 (2514): 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1924">George (1924)</bibRefCitation>
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and the morphology of the repugnatorial glands described by
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<bibRefCitation id="99634B01FFD3FF956FD1F4A7FEAA93EB" author="Tschinkel" box="[146,319,673,695]" pageId="5" pageNumber="418" pagination="439 - 453" refId="ref12513" refString="Tschinkel, W. R. 1975. A comparative study of the chemical defensive system of tenebrionid beetles. Defensive behavior and ancillary features. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 68: 439 - 453." type="journal article" year="1975">Tschinkel (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |