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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.874.32268" ID-GBIF-Dataset="93bc2dc6-a9c6-40c0-a0fe-616926cc8ff1" ID-PMC="PMC6746741" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-874-101" ID-Pensoft-UUID="72EC183E76CE56299C73C0B871E8EACE" ID-PubMed="31565020" ID-ZooBank="FFE15112CCBA47EB8F5C0723F96E41EE" ModsDocID="1313-2970-874-101" checkinTime="1568112313650" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Parker-Nance, Shirley, Hilliar, Storm, Waterworth, Samantha, Walmsley, Tara &amp; Dorrington, Rosemary" docDate="2019" docId="284BEF550AAE5196A2E34DD89DEC643A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 874: 101-126" docOrigin="ZooKeys 874" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.874.32268" docTitle="Tsitsikamma scurra Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly &amp; Davies-Coleman 2003" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="72EC183E76CE56299C73C0B871E8EACE" lastPageNumber="109" masterDocId="72EC183E76CE56299C73C0B871E8EACE" masterDocTitle="New species in the sponge genus Tsitsikamma (Poecilosclerida, Latrunculiidae) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="109" updateTime="1668167773384" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New species in the sponge genus Tsitsikamma (Poecilosclerida, Latrunculiidae) from South Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Parker-Nance, Shirley</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hilliar, Storm</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Waterworth, Samantha</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Walmsley, Tara</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Dorrington, Rosemary</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>874</mods:number>
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<mods:start>101</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.874.32268</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.874.32268</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-874-101</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159413164" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:284BEF550AAE5196A2E34DD89DEC643A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/284BEF550AAE5196A2E34DD89DEC643A" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName LSID="284BEF550AAE5196A2E34DD89DEC643A" authority="Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly &amp; Davies-Coleman, 2003" authorityName="Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly &amp; Davies-Coleman" authorityYear="2003" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma scurra" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="scurra">Tsitsikamma scurra Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly &amp; Davies-Coleman, 2003</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tsitsikamma scurra a, b freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201 c preserved specimens SAIAB 207229 d preserved specimens SAIAB 207201 e section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201 f, g robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 h thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 i, j light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201 k light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-k)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3">
Figure 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="ak">a-k</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma scurra" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="scurra">Tsitsikamma scurra</taxonomicName>
Samaai, Gibbons, Kelly and Davies-Coleman, 2003: 20.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Holotype.</emphasis>
- NHMUK 2003.1.10.3 (CASIZ 301103): Hout Bay. Western Cape Province,
<geoCoordinate degrees="34.03600" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-34.036">-34.03600</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.30567" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="18.30567">18.30567</geoCoordinate>
, 28 m depth, 31 March 2000, near the wreck of British &quot;The Maori&quot;, collected by P.L. Colin; Paratype - SAM H-4971: Hout Bay. Western Cape Province,
<geoCoordinate degrees="34.03600" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-34.036">-34.03600</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.30567" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="18.30567">18.30567</geoCoordinate>
, 28 m depth, 25 January 2003, near the wreck of British &quot;The Maori, collected by Lynden West of the Scripps Institute of Oceanography (after
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" author="Samaai, T" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 26" refId="B15" refString="Samaai, T, Gibbons, MJ, Kelly, M, Davies-Coleman, M, 2003. South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly. Zootaxa 371: 1 - 26" title="South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" volume="371" year="2003">Samaai et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
SAIAB 207201, SAIAB 207229: west of Hout Bay Western Cape Province,
<geoCoordinate degrees="34.03600" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-34.036">-34.03600</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.30567" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="18.30567">18.30567</geoCoordinate>
, 28 m depth, 25 January 2003, near the wreck of British &quot;The Maori, collected by Lynden West of the Scripps Institute of Oceanography.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Diagnosis</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
(emended from
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" author="Samaai, T" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 26" refId="B15" refString="Samaai, T, Gibbons, MJ, Kelly, M, Davies-Coleman, M, 2003. South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly. Zootaxa 371: 1 - 26" title="South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" volume="371" year="2003">Samaai et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
). Sponge massive, semispherical to thick encrusting and lime green in life, compressible with a tough sandpapery ectosome.
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" author="Samaai, T" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 26" refId="B15" refString="Samaai, T, Gibbons, MJ, Kelly, M, Davies-Coleman, M, 2003. South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly. Zootaxa 371: 1 - 26" title="South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" volume="371" year="2003">Samaai et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
noted the surface crowded with large hollow strap-like oscula with the apex slightly expanded and fungiform areolate porefields, with the overall skeleton dominated by an ectosomal envelope of tangential megascleres, extending up into the large oscular tubes (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tsitsikamma scurra a, b freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201 c preserved specimens SAIAB 207229 d preserved specimens SAIAB 207201 e section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201 f, g robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 h thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 i, j light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201 k light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-k)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3">Fig. 3a, b</figureCitation>
). In the preserved specimen small pear-shaped oscula (2-5.5 mm high and 1-1.5 mm in diameter) and long narrow stalked areolate porefields (7-9 mm high, 2.5-5 mm in diameter) are distributed over the folded surface (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tsitsikamma scurra a, b freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201 c preserved specimens SAIAB 207229 d preserved specimens SAIAB 207201 e section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201 f, g robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 h thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 i, j light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201 k light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-k)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3">
Fig. 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="ad">a-d</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma scurra" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="scurra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Tsitsikamma scurra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">a, b</emphasis>
freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">c</emphasis>
preserved specimens SAIAB 207229
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">d</emphasis>
preserved specimens SAIAB 207201
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">e</emphasis>
section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">f, g</emphasis>
robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">h</emphasis>
thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">i, j</emphasis>
light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">k</emphasis>
light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">c)</emphasis>
; 5 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">d)</emphasis>
; 1 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">e)</emphasis>
; 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<normalizedToken originalValue="fh">f-h</normalizedToken>
)
</emphasis>
; 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<normalizedToken originalValue="ik">i-k</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Skeleton.</emphasis>
The ectosome is thin with a fine sandpapery feel that seems to continue and fold within the interior of large specimens to form smaller subunits or internal chambers (Table
<tableCitation captionStartId="T3" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0C8EA1420BB7D306D7FE4152E8280D54" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableUuid="0C8EA1420BB7D306D7FE4152E8280D54">3</tableCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tsitsikamma scurra a, b freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201 c preserved specimens SAIAB 207229 d preserved specimens SAIAB 207201 e section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201 f, g robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 h thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 i, j light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201 k light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-k)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3">
Fig. 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="ce">c-e</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
). The choanosome is soft and may contain varying amounts of sand, shell and other foreign material (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tsitsikamma scurra a, b freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201 c preserved specimens SAIAB 207229 d preserved specimens SAIAB 207201 e section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201 f, g robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 h thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 i, j light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201 k light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-k)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3">Fig. 3d</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Spicules.</emphasis>
Megascleres
</emphasis>
consist of slightly curved styles, conspicuously thickened centrally sometimes bend basally and thinner styles, slightly curved centrally (Table
<tableCitation captionStartId="T3" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0C8EA1420BB7D306D7FE4152E8280D54" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableUuid="0C8EA1420BB7D306D7FE4152E8280D54">3</tableCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tsitsikamma scurra a, b freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201 c preserved specimens SAIAB 207229 d preserved specimens SAIAB 207201 e section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201 f, g robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 h thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 i, j light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201 k light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-k)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3">
Fig. 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="fh">f-h</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Microscleres</emphasis>
. Isochiadiscorhabds with three whorls of conico-cylindrical tubercles, the apex of each is acanthose. The median whorl is polar and situated closer to the apex whorl than to the slightly larger manubrium (Table
<tableCitation captionStartId="T3" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0C8EA1420BB7D306D7FE4152E8280D54" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableUuid="0C8EA1420BB7D306D7FE4152E8280D54">3</tableCitation>
), this polarity may be less pronounced in larger microscleres (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tsitsikamma scurra a, b freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201 c preserved specimens SAIAB 207229 d preserved specimens SAIAB 207201 e section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201 f, g robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 h thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 i, j light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201 k light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-k)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3">Fig. 3i</figureCitation>
). The acanthose tubercles arranged in pairs in the apex whorl and manubrium (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tsitsikamma scurra a, b freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201 c preserved specimens SAIAB 207229 d preserved specimens SAIAB 207201 e section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201 f, g robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 h thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 i, j light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201 k light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-k)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3">
Fig. 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="ik">i-k</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
). Microscleres are abundant throughout the choanosome (after
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" author="Samaai, T" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 26" refId="B15" refString="Samaai, T, Gibbons, MJ, Kelly, M, Davies-Coleman, M, 2003. South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly. Zootaxa 371: 1 - 26" title="South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" volume="371" year="2003">Samaai et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="0C8EA1420BB7D306D7FE4152E8280D54" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0C8EA1420BB7D306D7FE4152E8280D54" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" start="Table 3" startId="T3">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Table 3.</emphasis>
Skeletal and spicule dimensions (µm) for
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma scurra" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="scurra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Tsitsikamma scurra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<table pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<th colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">-</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" author="Samaai, T" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 26" refId="B15" refString="Samaai, T, Gibbons, MJ, Kelly, M, Davies-Coleman, M, 2003. South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly. Zootaxa 371: 1 - 26" title="South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" volume="371" year="2003">Samaai et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Examined material</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Ectosome</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">230-540</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">530 (380-880) (n = 10)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Internal chambers</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">150 (100-230) (n = 6)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="3">Styles</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">(i) 829 (774-882) x 24</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">(i) 702 (480-884) x 19 (14-27)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">(ii) 669 (585-738) x 17</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">(ii) 692 (518-821) x 10 (5-15)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">(n = 20)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">(n = 80)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="5">Isochiadiscorhabds</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">41 (38-45) x 8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">43 (41-48) x 8 (6-10)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="4">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Additional measurements</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">shaft length 37 (19-41)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">apex whorl diameter 20 (19-22) manubrium diameter 22 (19-25)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">(n = 40)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">West of Hout Bay, a local area known as Maori Bay along the Western Cape Province coast.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
The specimens examined compared well with the description given by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" author="Samaai, T" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 26" refId="B15" refString="Samaai, T, Gibbons, MJ, Kelly, M, Davies-Coleman, M, 2003. South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly. Zootaxa 371: 1 - 26" title="South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida): descriptions of new species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai &amp; Kelly." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.371.1.1" volume="371" year="2003">Samaai et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
except that the colour in life of the type specimen was described as lime green and colour photographs of the freshly collected specimen indicate a brownish colouration (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tsitsikamma scurra a, b freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201 c preserved specimens SAIAB 207229 d preserved specimens SAIAB 207201 e section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201 f, g robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 h thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 i, j light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201 k light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-k)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
). Preserved specimens are a medium to dark brown colour in ethanol (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tsitsikamma scurra a, b freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201 c preserved specimens SAIAB 207229 d preserved specimens SAIAB 207201 e section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201 f, g robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 h thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 i, j light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201 k light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-k)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3">Fig. 3c, d</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma scurra" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="scurra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Tsitsikamma scurra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all other known
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Tsitsikamma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species in the folded globular thick encrusting growth structure (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tsitsikamma scurra a, b freshly collected CASIZ 301103 and SAIAB 207201 c preserved specimens SAIAB 207229 d preserved specimens SAIAB 207201 e section of ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207201 f, g robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 h thin slightly centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207201 i, j light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207201 k light microscope image of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207229. Scale bars 2.5 cm (c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-k)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338777" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure3">Fig. 3d</figureCitation>
) with thin sandpaper-like ectosome (Table
<tableCitation captionStartId="T3" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0C8EA1420BB7D306D7FE4152E8280D54" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableUuid="0C8EA1420BB7D306D7FE4152E8280D54">3</tableCitation>
). Epifauna may be present on the sponge surface and the interior may contain a substantial amount of sand particles and shell fragments.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
We obtained 28S rRNA gene sequences for only one
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. scurra" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="scurra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">T. scurra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimen. The interspecific diversity of the 28S rRNA gene sequence for
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. scurra" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="scurra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">T. scurra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Tsitsikamma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
did not support clear genetic identity, with between 0.16-0.32 % at 28S for
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. favus" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="favus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">T. favus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 0.32 % for
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pedunculata" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>