283 lines
34 KiB
XML
283 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.993.53805" ID-GBIF-Dataset="153d057d-c190-4db9-aa8b-4da3cb04ae64" ID-PMC="PMC7683496" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-993-47" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2D7B2EB8CB285CBCA90A27064C6B1F17" ID-PubMed="33262675" ID-ZooBank="C40989DB80634C9FA481E7AA82CA924B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-993-47" checkinTime="1605571755153" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ruan, Yongying, Douglas, Hume B., Qiu, Lu, Chen, Xiaoqin & Jiang, Shihong" docDate="2020" docId="0C605CE9F7EB5C1181B60B41959B80D7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 993: 47-120" docOrigin="ZooKeys 993" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.993.53805" docTitle="Phorocardius florentini" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="2D7B2EB8CB285CBCA90A27064C6B1F17" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="2D7B2EB8CB285CBCA90A27064C6B1F17" masterDocTitle="Revision of Chinese Phorocardius species (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Cardiophorinae)" masterLastPageNumber="120" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1668169908327" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of Chinese Phorocardius species (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Cardiophorinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ruan, Yongying</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-5592</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">yongyingruan@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Douglas, Hume B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1722-7554</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Qiu, Lu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chen, Xiaoqin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jiang, Shihong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>993</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>47</mods:start>
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<mods:end>120</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.993.53805</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.993.53805</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-993-47</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">2D7B2EB8CB285CBCA90A27064C6B1F17</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="169091767" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C605CE9F7EB5C1181B60B41959B80D7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0C605CE9F7EB5C1181B60B41959B80D7" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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3.
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<taxonomicName LSID="0C605CE9-F7EB-5C11-81B6-0B41959B80D7" authority="(Fleutiaux, 1895)" baseAuthorityName="Fleutiaux" baseAuthorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius florentini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florentini">Phorocardius florentini (Fleutiaux, 1895)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Phorocardius florentini (Fleutiaux, 1895). A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view, arrow indicating claw C female habitus, ventral view, arrow indicating last visible ventrite D female habitus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion F aedeagus, dorsal view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion G aedeagus, lateral view, arrow indicating preapical ventral expansion H last visible ventrite of female, ventral view I head, frontal view J distal sclerites of bursa copulatrix K proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475439" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figs 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Shape of supraantennal carina of Chinese Phorocardius species. Arrows indicating supraantennal carina forked near eye. A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. J P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov. K head, frontal-lateral view, arrows indicating forked supraantennal carina." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475457" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 23C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Lateral view of prosternal process and mesosternum of Chinese Phorocardius species. Upper green arrows indicating shape of posterior end of prosternal process; lower red arrows indicating projections (absent or present) on posterior edge of mesosternum (i. e., on anteroventral angle of mesosternal fossa according to Douglas 2003). A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. J P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475458" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 24C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Ventral view of pro- and mesothorax of Chinese Phorocardius species. Showing shape of ventral surface of prosternal process (upper, yellow dashed line), mesepisternum (middle, green arrow and dashed line) and projections on posterior edge of mesosternum (lower, red arrow and solid line) middle, green arrows indicating anterior-mesal angle of mesepisternum. A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475459" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 25C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Female abdominal ventrite V in Chinese Phorocardius species (ventral view). A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus F P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. unguicularis H P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov, arrows showing incisions near apex." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475460" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 26C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Cardiophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cardiophorus florentini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florentini">Cardiophorus florentini</taxonomicName>
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Fleutiaux, 1895: 687. Type locality: "Tonkin: Lang-son", interpreted as Vietnam: Lạng
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sơn">Sơn</normalizedToken>
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Province.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fleutiaux" baseAuthorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius florentini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florentini">Phorocardius florentini</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="306 - 334" refId="B17" refString="Fleutiaux, E, 1931. Les Elaterides de I'Indo-Chine Francaise (Catalogue raisonne). Quatrieme partie. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 56: 306 - 334" title="Les Elaterides de I'Indo-Chine Francaise (Catalogue raisonne). Quatrieme partie." volume="56" year="1931">Fleutiaux 1931</bibRefCitation>
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: 311.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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China (Guizhou, new record); Vietnam (
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<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="683 - 690" refId="B15" refString="Fleutiaux, E, 1895. Contributions a la faune indo-chinoise. 15e memoire. Premiere addition aux Cicindelidae et Elateridae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 63: 683 - 690" title="Contributions a la faune indo-chinoise. 15 e memoire. Premiere addition aux Cicindelidae et Elateridae." volume="63" year="1895">Fleutiaux 1895</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Body length greater than 7.0 mm; pronotum and hypomeron red, elytra black with metallic blue to purple luster. Prothorax: procoxal cavities open; prosternal process not strongly narrowed from anterior base posterad to ventral apex in ventral view, with apex convex. Pterothorax: scutellar shield elongate, with posterior apex pointed. Tarsal claw with ventral apex not smaller than dorsal apex. Male genitalia: paramere with preapical lateral expansion present, apical mesal callus absent. Female: apex of last abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) simple, not emarginate at apex.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">This species is distinctive for its elytral color: black with metallic blue to purple luster.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fleutiaux" baseAuthorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius florentini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florentini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius florentini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fleutiaux, 1895) resembles
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. zhiweii" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="zhiweii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">P. zhiweii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov. in its entirely red pronotum and metallic elytra.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. florentini" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="florentini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">P. florentini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fleutiaux, 1895) can be easily separated from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. zhiweii" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="zhiweii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">P. zhiweii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov. by the following characters. In
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. florentini" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="florentini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">P. florentini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fleutiaux, 1895): aedeagus strongly narrowed from mid-length to apex in lateral view; in dorsal view, paramere with preapical lateral expansion minute, acute to rounded, facing laterally, with apical mesal callus absent; scutellar shield elongate (width to length ratio: 0.81-0.86); and elytra black, with metallic blue to purple luster; while in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. zhiweii" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="zhiweii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">P. zhiweii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov., the aedeagus is only slightly narrowed from mid-length to apex in lateral view; in dorsal view, paramere with preapical lateral expansion absent, apical mesal callus present, apex narrow and slightly bent laterad; scutellar shield not elongate (width to length ratio: 1.0); and elytra metallic green with slight purple luster.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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(Based on holotype and three non-type specimens examined) Body black, red and metallic blue-purple (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Phorocardius florentini (Fleutiaux, 1895). A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view, arrow indicating claw C female habitus, ventral view, arrow indicating last visible ventrite D female habitus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion F aedeagus, dorsal view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion G aedeagus, lateral view, arrow indicating preapical ventral expansion H last visible ventrite of female, ventral view I head, frontal view J distal sclerites of bursa copulatrix K proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475439" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">7A-D</figureCitation>
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). Pronotum and hypomera red. Elytra black, with metallic blue to purple luster. Head brown-black to black; antennae brown-black. Prosternum red, black or mixed with red and black; meso- and meta- sternum black; abdominal ventrites black; legs brown-black to black. Body with short, yellow pubescence; brown setae also present on disc of pronotum.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475439" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figure 7.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fleutiaux" baseAuthorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius florentini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florentini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius florentini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fleutiaux, 1895).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">A</emphasis>
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male habitus, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">B</emphasis>
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female habitus, dorsal view, arrow indicating claw
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">C</emphasis>
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female habitus, ventral view, arrow indicating last visible ventrite
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">D</emphasis>
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female habitus, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">E</emphasis>
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aedeagus, ventral view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">F</emphasis>
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aedeagus, dorsal view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">G</emphasis>
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aedeagus, lateral view, arrow indicating preapical ventral expansion
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">H</emphasis>
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last visible ventrite of female, ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">I</emphasis>
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head, frontal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">J</emphasis>
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distal sclerites of bursa copulatrix
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">K</emphasis>
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proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">(based on type and non-type specimens) Male body length 9.0-11.5 mm, width 3.3-3.8 mm. Female body length 10.0-13.0 mm, width 3.7-4.0 mm. Body length to width ratio 2.6-2.8. Pronotal width to length ratio 1.1-1.2, Pronotal width to body width ratio 0.86-0.91. Elytral length to pronotal length ratio 2.3-2.5; elytron length to width ratio 3.7-3.9.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Head</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Frons and vertex punctures with interspaces 0.5-1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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average puncture diameter; punctures sparser at centre of vertex, with interspaces 1.5-2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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average puncture diameter. Frontal carina in frontal view convex, not straight (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Phorocardius florentini (Fleutiaux, 1895). A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view, arrow indicating claw C female habitus, ventral view, arrow indicating last visible ventrite D female habitus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion F aedeagus, dorsal view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion G aedeagus, lateral view, arrow indicating preapical ventral expansion H last visible ventrite of female, ventral view I head, frontal view J distal sclerites of bursa copulatrix K proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475439" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">7I</figureCitation>
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). Antenna with last antennomere not reaching beyond posterior angle of pronotum. Distance between eyes to width of eye ratio 3.8-3.9. Antenna length to body length ratio, in male 0.36-0.38; in female 0.37-0.39. Proportions of antennomere lengths (male): 100 (scape); 60-65; 75-83; 75-83; 75-83; 78-85; 81-86; 85-90; 85-90; 81-85; 90-100.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Prothorax</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Pronotum in dorsal view: sides evenly convex from anterior edge to constriction near posterior end, widest near mid-length; posterior angles with lateral sides almost straight, not bulged; surface with interspaces between punctures 1-2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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average puncture diameter. In ventral view, ventral surface of prosternal process with sides carinate and slightly and gradually narrow from anterior to mid-length, parallel from mid-length to posterior end, with apex convex. In lateral view, prosternal process with ventral surface curved slightly dorsad, posterior end somewhat concave or not (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Lateral view of prosternal process and mesosternum of Chinese Phorocardius species. Upper green arrows indicating shape of posterior end of prosternal process; lower red arrows indicating projections (absent or present) on posterior edge of mesosternum (i. e., on anteroventral angle of mesosternal fossa according to Douglas 2003). A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. J P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475458" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">24C</figureCitation>
|
||
, upper arrow). Procoxal cavities open.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Pterothorax</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Lateral view of prosternal process and mesosternum of Chinese Phorocardius species. Upper green arrows indicating shape of posterior end of prosternal process; lower red arrows indicating projections (absent or present) on posterior edge of mesosternum (i. e., on anteroventral angle of mesosternal fossa according to Douglas 2003). A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. J P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475458" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">24C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Ventral view of pro- and mesothorax of Chinese Phorocardius species. Showing shape of ventral surface of prosternal process (upper, yellow dashed line), mesepisternum (middle, green arrow and dashed line) and projections on posterior edge of mesosternum (lower, red arrow and solid line) middle, green arrows indicating anterior-mesal angle of mesepisternum. A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475459" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">25C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesepisternum in ventral view with antero-mesal corner angulate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Ventral view of pro- and mesothorax of Chinese Phorocardius species. Showing shape of ventral surface of prosternal process (upper, yellow dashed line), mesepisternum (middle, green arrow and dashed line) and projections on posterior edge of mesosternum (lower, red arrow and solid line) middle, green arrows indicating anterior-mesal angle of mesepisternum. A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475459" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">25C</figureCitation>
|
||
, upper (green) arrow). Projections on posterior edge of mesosternum: in ventral view present (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Ventral view of pro- and mesothorax of Chinese Phorocardius species. Showing shape of ventral surface of prosternal process (upper, yellow dashed line), mesepisternum (middle, green arrow and dashed line) and projections on posterior edge of mesosternum (lower, red arrow and solid line) middle, green arrows indicating anterior-mesal angle of mesepisternum. A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475459" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">25C</figureCitation>
|
||
, red arrow); in lateral view present, acute, strongly produced anteriorly (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Lateral view of prosternal process and mesosternum of Chinese Phorocardius species. Upper green arrows indicating shape of posterior end of prosternal process; lower red arrows indicating projections (absent or present) on posterior edge of mesosternum (i. e., on anteroventral angle of mesosternal fossa according to Douglas 2003). A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. J P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475458" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">24C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Scutellar shield: elongate, width to length ratio 0.81-0.86; anterolateral edges slightly sinuate; posterior edge gradually narrowed and elongate, strongly protruding posterad, pointed at apex. Elytra: upper edge of epipleura with minute serrations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Length ratio of metatarsomeres I-V (excluding claws): 100; 80-85; 70-75; 50-55; 135-140. Claw with ventral apex almost as large as dorsal apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral edges of visible abdominal ventrites I-V with minute serrations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Phorocardius florentini (Fleutiaux, 1895). A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view, arrow indicating claw C female habitus, ventral view, arrow indicating last visible ventrite D female habitus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion F aedeagus, dorsal view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion G aedeagus, lateral view, arrow indicating preapical ventral expansion H last visible ventrite of female, ventral view I head, frontal view J distal sclerites of bursa copulatrix K proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475439" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">7E-G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Robust from ventral and lateral views. Median lobe in ventral view slightly narrowed from base to basal third, parallel-sided from basal third to near apex, apex rounded and very slightly dilated. Median lobe in lateral view wide from base to mid-length, narrow from mid-length to apex; gently and evenly curved ventrad from base to mid-length, straight from mid-length to apex; apex rounded. Paramere in ventral view: wide and equal wide from base to apical third; abruptly narrowed from apical third to apex; preapical lateral expansion present, minute and rounded, facing laterally; apical mesal callus absent; paramere width 3-4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
median lobe width (measured at mid-length of paramere and median lobe respectively). Paramere in lateral view: robust, almost straight from base to mid-length, curved ventrad and narrowed from mid-length to apex; apex with hook-like preapical expansion with barb facing base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Body color like male (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Phorocardius florentini (Fleutiaux, 1895). A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view, arrow indicating claw C female habitus, ventral view, arrow indicating last visible ventrite D female habitus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion F aedeagus, dorsal view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion G aedeagus, lateral view, arrow indicating preapical ventral expansion H last visible ventrite of female, ventral view I head, frontal view J distal sclerites of bursa copulatrix K proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475439" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apex of abdominal ventrite V convex (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Phorocardius florentini (Fleutiaux, 1895). A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view, arrow indicating claw C female habitus, ventral view, arrow indicating last visible ventrite D female habitus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion F aedeagus, dorsal view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion G aedeagus, lateral view, arrow indicating preapical ventral expansion H last visible ventrite of female, ventral view I head, frontal view J distal sclerites of bursa copulatrix K proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475439" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">7H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix wide with apex acute, base concave, and mesal edge flat (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Phorocardius florentini (Fleutiaux, 1895). A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view, arrow indicating claw C female habitus, ventral view, arrow indicating last visible ventrite D female habitus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion F aedeagus, dorsal view, arrow indicating preapical lateral expansion G aedeagus, lateral view, arrow indicating preapical ventral expansion H last visible ventrite of female, ventral view I head, frontal view J distal sclerites of bursa copulatrix K proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475439" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">7K</figureCitation>
|
||
); each with 8-10 large spines on mesal edge, 14-18 smaller spines on disc.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Lectotype</emphasis>
|
||
. ♀ (MNHN), labels: 1) Tonkin Florentin; 2) Type [red label]; 3) Museum Paris Coll. E. Fleutiaux; 4)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Cardiophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cardiophorus florentini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florentini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Cardiophorus florentini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleut. Type; 5) Fleut Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1894. P. 687, Collection Fleutiaux; 6)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. florentini" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="florentini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">C. florentini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleut., type, Collection Fleutiaux; 7) Lectotype
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Cardiophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cardiophorus florentini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florentini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Cardiophorus florentini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux desig. Douglas 2015.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Additional material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
2♂1♀ (SZPT, ex. LQCC), labels: 1)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Guizhou</emphasis>
|
||
, Li-bo, Mao-lan, Dong-duo, 2000 m, 2018.VI.11-17, leg. Jianyue Qiu & Hao Xu [in Chinese]; 2)
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fleutiaux" baseAuthorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius florentini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florentini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius florentini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fleutiaux, 1894) Det. Ruan, 2019.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Based on examined material, this species inhabits low to middle elevations (0-2000 m) in south China and north Vietnam. Recent Chinese specimens were collected in daylight in a mountainous area with evergreen forest and subtropical climate. Known from the Oriental Region only.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |