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<mods:title id="610C58ACAAA66F310B5D7E5D6D4C465F">Biostratigraphy and taxonomy of polymerid trilobites of the Manuels River Formation (Drumian, middle Cambrian), Newfoundland, Canada</mods:title>
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).
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.
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<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFC877D2AFCBCFAA8" box="[813,864,1362,1385]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Herse</emphasis>
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. —
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</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF91494AFB027D13FAA3FA42" author="Hawle &amp; Corda" box="[1192,1407,1387,1411]" firstAuthor="Hawle" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" pagination="117 - 292" refId="ref25827" refString="HAWLE I. &amp; CORDA A. J. C. 1847. - Prodrom einer Monographie der bohmischen Trilobiten. J. G. Calve'sche Buchhandlung, Prague, 176 p. (Reprinted in 1848 in Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Bohmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften 5 (2): 117 - 292). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45618120" type="book chapter" year="1847">Hawle &amp; Corda 1847</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF91494AFC877DE3FBA0FA72" blockId="6.[813,1148,1435,1459]" box="[813,1148,1435,1459]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB63118EFF91494AFC877DE3FBA0FA72" box="[813,1148,1435,1459]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFC877DE3FC57FA72" authorityName="Barrande" authorityYear="1852" box="[813,907,1435,1459]" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Arionellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFC877DE3FC57FA72" box="[813,907,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Arionellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF91494AFC0E7DE3FBA4FA72" author="Barrande" box="[932,1144,1435,1459]" page="404" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" year="1852">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF91494AFC0E7DE3FBA4FA72" author="Barrande" box="[932,1144,1435,1459]" firstAuthor="Barrande" page="404" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" pagination="1 - 935" refId="ref23595" refString="BARRANDE J. 1852 b. - Systeme silurien du Centre de la Boheme. 1 ere Partie: Texte. Crustaces: Trilobites. Recherches paleontologiques 1: 1 - 935. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 57395510" type="journal article" year="1852" yearSuffix="b">Barrande 1852b: 404</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C369652BFF91494AFC877DB3FB54F9F3" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF91494AFC877DB3FB54F9F3" blockId="6.[811,1456,1483,1586]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">
DIAGNOSIS. — Cranidium parabolic and domed; exoskeleton thick; glabella domed, equal-sided to trapezoidal; preglabellar field long; thorax of 16 segments (based onLake 1932;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF91494AFB787D87FA75F9D6" author="Harrington" box="[1234,1449,1535,1559]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Harrington" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" refId="ref25715" refString="HARRINGTON H. J., HENNINGSMOEN G., HOWELL B. F., JAANUSSON V., LOCHMAN- BALK C., MOORE R. C., POULSEN C., RASETTI F., RICHTER E., RICHTER R., SCHMIDT H., SDUZY K., STRUVE W., STORMER L., STUBBLEFIELD C. J., TRIPP R., WELLER J. M. &amp; WHITTINGTON H. B. 1959. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paeontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1. The Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, 560 p." type="book" year="1959">
Harrington
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFAEC7E78FAAFF9D6" box="[1350,1395,1535,1559]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">et al.</emphasis>
1959
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF91494AFC877E62FC69F9F3" author="Fletcher" box="[813,949,1562,1586]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" pagination="175 - 217" refId="ref25061" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2017. - Agraulos ceticephalus and other Cambrian Trilobites in the subfamily Agraulinae from Bohemia, Newfoundland and Wales. Papers in Palaeontology 3 (2): 175 - 217. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / spp 2.1071" type="journal article" year="2017">Fletcher 2017</bibRefCitation>
, with modifications).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C369652BFF91494BFC877E2BFCDBFCD1" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="1056" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF91494AFC877E2BFC4DF9AC" blockId="6.[811,1456,1619,2028]" box="[813,913,1619,1645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF91494BFC877E0AFCDDFED3" blockId="6.[811,1456,1619,2028]" lastBlockId="7.[130,776,215,785]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="1056" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">
The genus was first described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF91494AFBD47E0AFAF3F94D" author="Barrande" box="[1150,1327,1650,1676]" firstAuthor="Barrande" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" refId="ref23464" refString="BARRANDE J. 1846. - Notice preliminaire sur le systeme silurien et les Trilobites de Boheme. Hirschfeld, Leipzig, 96 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9142" type="book" year="1846">Barrande (1846)</bibRefCitation>
as
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFAE77E0BFA53F94C" box="[1357,1423,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFAE77E0BFA57F94C" authorityName="Barrande" authorityYear="1846" box="[1357,1419,1651,1677]" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Arion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Arion</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
As the name
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFC267EEAFC18F96D" authorityName="Barrande" authorityYear="1846" box="[908,964,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Arion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFC267EEAFC18F96D" box="[908,964,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Arion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was occupied by a genus of gastropods,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF91494AFAE57EEAFC66F90D" author="Hawle &amp; Corda" firstAuthor="Hawle" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" pagination="117 - 292" refId="ref25827" refString="HAWLE I. &amp; CORDA A. J. C. 1847. - Prodrom einer Monographie der bohmischen Trilobiten. J. G. Calve'sche Buchhandlung, Prague, 176 p. (Reprinted in 1848 in Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Bohmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften 5 (2): 117 - 292). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45618120" type="book chapter" year="1847">Hawle &amp; Corda (1847)</bibRefCitation>
renamed the trilobite
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFB327ECAFB0DF90D" authorityName="Barrande" authorityYear="1846" box="[1176,1233,1714,1740]" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Arion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFB327ECAFB0DF90D" box="[1176,1233,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Arion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFB457ECAFA9FF90D" authorityName="Hawle &amp; Corda" authorityYear="1847" box="[1263,1347,1714,1740]" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" genus="Agraulos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFB457ECAFA9FF90D" box="[1263,1347,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Agraulos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF91494AFAFB7ECAFCAAF92D" author="Barrande" firstAuthor="Barrande" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" pagination="385 - 399" refId="ref23503" refString="BARRANDE J. 1847. - Uber das Hypostoma und Epistoma, zwei analoge, aber verschiedene Organe der Trilobiten. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geognosie Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde 1847: 385 - 399. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36376006" type="journal article" year="1847">Barrande (1847)</bibRefCitation>
corrected his mistake and renamed the genus to
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFA2F7EAAFCB0F8CD" authorityName="Barrande" authorityYear="1846" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" genus="Arionides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFA2F7EAAFCB0F8CD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Arionides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF91494AFCD27E8AFBEAF8CD" author="Barrande" box="[888,1078,1778,1805]" firstAuthor="Barrande" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" pagination="1 - 935" refId="ref23595" refString="BARRANDE J. 1852 b. - Systeme silurien du Centre de la Boheme. 1 ere Partie: Texte. Crustaces: Trilobites. Recherches paleontologiques 1: 1 - 935. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 57395510" type="journal article" year="1852" yearSuffix="b">Barrande (1852b)</bibRefCitation>
re-renamed the genus to
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFAEB7E8AFA74F8CD" box="[1345,1448,1778,1804]" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Arionellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFAEB7E8AFA74F8CD" box="[1345,1448,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Arionellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as in his opinion
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFC4E7F6AFB98F8ED" authorityName="Barrande" authorityYear="1846" box="[996,1092,1810,1836]" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" genus="Arionides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFC4E7F6AFB98F8ED" box="[996,1092,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Arionides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might still be challenged by other authors. He rejected
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFBBB7F49FAADF88D" authority="Hawle &amp; Corda (1847)" authorityName="Hawle &amp; Corda" authorityYear="1847" box="[1041,1393,1841,1868]" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" genus="Agraulos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFBBB7F49FBB4F88A" box="[1041,1128,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Agraulos</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF91494AFBC57F49FAADF88D" author="Hawle &amp; Corda" box="[1135,1393,1841,1868]" firstAuthor="Hawle" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" pagination="117 - 292" refId="ref25827" refString="HAWLE I. &amp; CORDA A. J. C. 1847. - Prodrom einer Monographie der bohmischen Trilobiten. J. G. Calve'sche Buchhandlung, Prague, 176 p. (Reprinted in 1848 in Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Bohmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften 5 (2): 117 - 292). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45618120" type="book chapter" year="1847">Hawle &amp; Corda (1847)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
as he found the name too similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFBC77F29FB1CF8AA" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[1133,1216,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFBC77F29FB1CF8AA" box="[1133,1216,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a genus of butterflies. Nevertheless,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF91494AFC6B7F09FBA7F84A" author="Pompeckj" box="[961,1147,1905,1931]" firstAuthor="Pompeckj" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" pagination="498 - 614" refId="ref28633" refString="POMPECKJ J. F. 1896. - Das Kambrium von Tejrovic und Skrej in Bohmen. Jahrbuch der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Geologischen Reichsanstalt 94: 498 - 614. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 35578547" type="journal article" year="1896">Pompeckj (1896)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF91494AFB1E7F09FAEBF84A" author="Lake" box="[1204,1335,1905,1931]" firstAuthor="Lake" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" pagination="149 - 172" refId="ref27339" refString="LAKE P. 1932. - Monograph of the British Cambrian Trilobites, Part 7. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London 84: 149 - 172. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02693445.1932.12035620" type="journal article" year="1932">Lake (1932)</bibRefCitation>
stated that a similarity of names, i.e.
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFBE27FE9FB43F86A" authorityName="Hawle &amp; Corda" authorityYear="1847" box="[1096,1183,1937,1963]" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" genus="Agraulos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFBE27FE9FB43F86A" box="[1096,1183,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Agraulos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFB727FE9FAEEF86A" box="[1240,1330,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFB727FE9FAF2F86A" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[1240,1326,1937,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agraulis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
was not an adequate reason to reject the name given by Hawle &amp; Corda (1947). Therefore,
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF91494AFC467FA9FB9DF82A" authorityName="Hawle &amp; Corda" authorityYear="1847" box="[1004,1089,2001,2027]" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" genus="Agraulos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF91494AFC467FA9FB9DF82A" box="[1004,1089,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1055">Agraulos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is now the name established for this genus.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFF7A78AFFE8FFF30" author="Lake" box="[208,339,215,241]" firstAuthor="Lake" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" pagination="149 - 172" refId="ref27339" refString="LAKE P. 1932. - Monograph of the British Cambrian Trilobites, Part 7. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London 84: 149 - 172. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02693445.1932.12035620" type="journal article" year="1932">Lake (1932)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFDA278AFFCDBFF30" author="Hawle &amp; Corda" box="[520,775,215,241]" firstAuthor="Hawle" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" pagination="117 - 292" refId="ref25827" refString="HAWLE I. &amp; CORDA A. J. C. 1847. - Prodrom einer Monographie der bohmischen Trilobiten. J. G. Calve'sche Buchhandlung, Prague, 176 p. (Reprinted in 1848 in Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Bohmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften 5 (2): 117 - 292). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45618120" type="book chapter" year="1847">Hawle &amp; Corda (1847)</bibRefCitation>
described juvenile forms of
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFE00788FFDDDFED0" authorityName="Hawle &amp; Corda" authorityYear="1847" box="[426,513,247,273]" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" genus="Agraulos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF90494BFE00788FFDDDFED0" box="[426,513,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056">Agraulos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the new genus
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFD6B7880FD25FED0" authorityName="Hawle &amp; Corda" authorityYear="1847" box="[705,761,248,273]" class="Trilobita" family="Solenopleuridae" genus="Herse" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF90494BFD6B7880FD25FED0" box="[705,761,248,273]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056">Herse</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF90494BFF31796FFCDBFCD1" blockId="7.[130,776,215,785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFEBB796FFEB4FEF0" authorityName="Hawle &amp; Corda" authorityYear="1847" box="[273,360,279,305]" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" genus="Agraulos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF90494BFEBB796FFEB4FEF0" box="[273,360,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056">Agraulos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFDE8796FFF62FE90" authority="Ruzicka, 1946" authorityName="Ruzicka" authorityYear="1946" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" genus="Skreiaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF90494BFDE8796FFD78FEF0" box="[578,676,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056">Skreiaspis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFD01796FFF62FE90" author="Ruzicka" firstAuthor="Ruzicka" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref29545" refString="RUZICKA R. 1946. - O nekterych vyznacnych trilobitech skryjskeho kambria. Vestnik Kralovske ceske spolecnosti nauk, Trida Mathematicko- Prirodovedecka: 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="1946">Růžička, 1946</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs by a longer preglabellar field (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFDF6794FFF66FEB3" author="Harrington" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Harrington" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" refId="ref25715" refString="HARRINGTON H. J., HENNINGSMOEN G., HOWELL B. F., JAANUSSON V., LOCHMAN- BALK C., MOORE R. C., POULSEN C., RASETTI F., RICHTER E., RICHTER R., SCHMIDT H., SDUZY K., STRUVE W., STORMER L., STUBBLEFIELD C. J., TRIPP R., WELLER J. M. &amp; WHITTINGTON H. B. 1959. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paeontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1. The Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, 560 p." type="book" year="1959">
Harrington
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF90494BFD727940FCD4FE90" box="[728,776,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056">et al.</emphasis>
1959
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFF65792FFEF8FEB0" authorityName="Hawle &amp; Corda" authorityYear="1847" box="[207,292,343,369]" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" genus="Agraulos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF90494BFF65792FFEF8FEB0" box="[207,292,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056">Agraulos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here included in the family
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFDFE792FFF38FE50" authority="Howell, 1937" authorityName="Howell" authorityYear="1937" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Agraulidae
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFD637920FF38FE50" author="Howell" firstAuthor="Howell" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" pagination="1147 - 1210" refId="ref26466" refString="HOWELL B. F. 1937. - Cambrian Centropleura vermontensis fauna of northwestern Vermont. Geological Society of America Bulletin 48 (8): 1147 - 1210. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / Gsab- 48 - 1147" type="journal article" year="1937">Howell, 1937</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, following e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFE27790FFD4DFE50" author="Harrington" box="[397,657,375,402]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Harrington" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" refId="ref25715" refString="HARRINGTON H. J., HENNINGSMOEN G., HOWELL B. F., JAANUSSON V., LOCHMAN- BALK C., MOORE R. C., POULSEN C., RASETTI F., RICHTER E., RICHTER R., SCHMIDT H., SDUZY K., STRUVE W., STORMER L., STUBBLEFIELD C. J., TRIPP R., WELLER J. M. &amp; WHITTINGTON H. B. 1959. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paeontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1. The Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, 560 p." type="book" year="1959">
Harrington
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF90494BFDA47900FD9DFE50" box="[526,577,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056">et al.</emphasis>
(1959)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFD37790FFECDFE70" author="Martin &amp; Dean" firstAuthor="Martin" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref27973" refString="MARTIN F. &amp; DEAN W. T. 1988. - Middle and upper Cambrian acritarch and trilobite zonation at Manuels River and Random Island, eastern Newfoundland. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 381 (1): 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="1988">Martin &amp; Dean (1988)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFEB579EFFDDEFE70" author="Jell &amp; Adrain" box="[287,514,407,433]" firstAuthor="Jell" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" pagination="331 - 552" refId="ref26774" refString="JELL P. A. &amp; ADRAIN J. M. 2002. - Available generic names for trilobites. Memoirs-Queensland Museum 48 (2): 331 - 552. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 52968716" type="journal article" year="2002">Jell &amp; Adrain (2002)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFDBA79EFFCDBFE70" author="Bentley &amp; Jago" box="[528,775,407,434]" firstAuthor="Bentley" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" pagination="179 - 191" refId="ref23673" refString="BENTLEY C. J. &amp; JAGO J. B. 2004. - Wuaniid trilobites of Australia. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 30: 179 - 191." type="journal article" year="2004">Bentley &amp; Jago (2004)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFF1E79CFFE07FE10" author="Weidner &amp; Nielsen" box="[180,475,439,465]" firstAuthor="Weidner" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" pagination="23 - 92" refId="ref30854" refString="WEIDNER T. &amp; NIELSEN A. T. 2014. - A highly diverse trilobite fauna with Avalonian affinities from the middle Cambrian Acidusus atavus Zone (Drumian Stage) of Bornholm, Denmark. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12 (1): 23 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.10 80 / 14772019.2012.740080" type="journal article" year="2014">Weidner &amp; Nielsen (2014)</bibRefCitation>
. The limiting of
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFD3E79CFFCDBFE10" authorityName="Howell" authorityYear="1937" box="[660,775,439,465]" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Agraulidae</taxonomicName>
to a subfamily of the family
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFE1C79AFFCD8FE33" authority="Angelin, 1854" authorityName="Angelin" authorityYear="1854" box="[438,772,471,498]" class="Trilobita" family="Solenopleuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Solenopleuridae
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFDC279AFFCD8FE33" author="Angelin" bookContentInfo="92 p." box="[616,772,471,498]" firstAuthor="Angelin" journalOrPublisher="Weigel, Leipzig and Lund" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" refId="ref23228" refString="ANGELIN N. P. 1854. - Palaeontologia Scandinavica, Pars II: Crustacea Formationis Transitionis. Weigel, Leipzig and Lund, 92 p." title="Palaeontologia Scandinavica, Pars II: Crustacea Formationis Transitionis" type="book" year="1854">Angelin, 1854</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, as proposed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFE86798FFE0FFDD0" author="Fletcher" box="[300,467,503,529]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" pagination="175 - 217" refId="ref25061" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2017. - Agraulos ceticephalus and other Cambrian Trilobites in the subfamily Agraulinae from Bohemia, Newfoundland and Wales. Papers in Palaeontology 3 (2): 175 - 217. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / spp 2.1071" type="journal article" year="2017">Fletcher (2017)</bibRefCitation>
, is not followed herein. This latter author suggested that the same characters that support
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFF2E7A4EFF25FD91" authorityName="Howell" authorityYear="1937" box="[132,249,566,592]" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Agraulidae</taxonomicName>
, as defined by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFE277A4EFDA1FD90" author="Bentley &amp; Jago" box="[397,637,566,593]" firstAuthor="Bentley" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" pagination="179 - 191" refId="ref23673" refString="BENTLEY C. J. &amp; JAGO J. B. 2004. - Wuaniid trilobites of Australia. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 30: 179 - 191." type="journal article" year="2004">Bentley &amp; Jago (2004)</bibRefCitation>
, are also seen in
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFF347A2EFD96FDB0" authority="(Angelin, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Angelin" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[158,586,598,625]" class="Trilobita" family="Solenopleuridae" genus="Parasolenopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF90494BFF347A2EFE42FDB1" box="[158,414,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056">Parasolenopleura aculeata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFE037A2EFD9FFDB0" author="Angelin" bookContentInfo="24 p." box="[425,579,598,625]" firstAuthor="Angelin" journalOrPublisher="Weigel, Leipzig and Lund" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" refId="ref23200" refString="ANGELIN N. P. 1851. - Palaeontologia Svecica, Pars I: Iconographia Crustaceorum Formationis Transitionis. Weigel, Leipzig and Lund, 24 p." title="Palaeontologia Svecica, Pars I: Iconographia Crustaceorum Formationis Transitionis" type="book" year="1851">Angelin, 1851</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, the reference species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFF5A7A0EFE42FD51" authorityName="Angelin" authorityYear="1854" box="[240,414,630,656]" class="Trilobita" family="Solenopleuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Solenopleuridae</taxonomicName>
.However, the
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFD9C7A0EFD3CFD51" authorityName="Angelin" authorityYear="1854" box="[566,736,630,656]" class="Trilobita" family="Solenopleuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Solenopleuridae</taxonomicName>
has a deep occipital furrow and a narrow border (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFDF27AEEFF67FD10" author="Harrington" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Harrington" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" refId="ref25715" refString="HARRINGTON H. J., HENNINGSMOEN G., HOWELL B. F., JAANUSSON V., LOCHMAN- BALK C., MOORE R. C., POULSEN C., RASETTI F., RICHTER E., RICHTER R., SCHMIDT H., SDUZY K., STRUVE W., STORMER L., STUBBLEFIELD C. J., TRIPP R., WELLER J. M. &amp; WHITTINGTON H. B. 1959. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paeontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1. The Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, 560 p." type="book" year="1959">
Harrington
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF90494BFD7D7AEFFCDBFD71" box="[727,775,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056">et al.</emphasis>
1959
</bibRefCitation>
), which differ from a weakly to effaced occipital furrow and presence of a preglabellar field, as characteristically seen in the
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF90494BFF037A8EFEC6FCD1" authorityName="Howell" authorityYear="1937" box="[169,282,758,784]" class="Trilobita" family="Agraulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Agraulidae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFE837A8EFDCFFCD0" author="Harrington" box="[297,531,758,785]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Harrington" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" refId="ref25715" refString="HARRINGTON H. J., HENNINGSMOEN G., HOWELL B. F., JAANUSSON V., LOCHMAN- BALK C., MOORE R. C., POULSEN C., RASETTI F., RICHTER E., RICHTER R., SCHMIDT H., SDUZY K., STRUVE W., STORMER L., STUBBLEFIELD C. J., TRIPP R., WELLER J. M. &amp; WHITTINGTON H. B. 1959. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paeontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1. The Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, 560 p." type="book" year="1959">
Harrington
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF90494BFE0D7A8FFE0BFCD1" box="[423,471,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056">et al.</emphasis>
1959
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF90494BFDB47A8EFD2BFCD1" author="Bentley &amp; Jago" box="[542,759,758,784]" firstAuthor="Bentley" pageId="7" pageNumber="1056" pagination="179 - 191" refId="ref23673" refString="BENTLEY C. J. &amp; JAGO J. B. 2004. - Wuaniid trilobites of Australia. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 30: 179 - 191." type="journal article" year="2004">Bentley &amp; Jago 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>