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<document id="534E90833450ED8C132B42E43989E726" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3972.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2adbbfb9-f544-45b6-9269-748b09f702d6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="239574" ID-ZooBank="6A51EB89-0FE5-4F49-B427-E75459D8A3AF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461187349600" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Johnson, Robert A. &amp; Cover, Stefan P." docDate="2015" docId="03B687EEFFF17C68FF17B7386565D8E3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03972p249.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3972 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pogonomyrmex saucius Wheeler &amp; Mann 1914" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="240" masterDocId="FF8FFF96FFF97C61FF80B1016435DF39" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the seed-harvester ant genus Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Hispaniola" masterLastPageNumber="249" masterPageNumber="231" pageNumber="239" updateTime="1698599853834" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="B3D6C46A4CF941CE5951B86B92866BEA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="5A7E65A81A2422D62281B8CF54CB7E20">
<mods:title id="8B74D6F2489E80306AB33FB172C0AE42">A taxonomic revision of the seed-harvester ant genus Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Hispaniola</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="20F760B274D68D377A2FC9DF64414935">Johnson, Robert A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AF61471354D1D34FEF53CD1C354FC8EF">Cover, Stefan P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2B4F5313D482813D8A39C6FC54EF749A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0F4DC7B13A76E704DFD549CE57E3BF16">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3BEB0C5CC52ACB30EC7601ED54CA6993">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="EF182576E8D56C9629CA0E2B5BA09E36" type="volume">
<mods:number id="18973A0F3FDA8E87D6204E208944A39C">3972</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D1127F9C0EA40B7F9066C41525CC3E87" type="issue">
<mods:number id="ABE25EEFD9854C318BB5BA798088572C">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="281A8A3D60D2ECF87D5E6EC55BE0CFD3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="513AFF0332EA5F8EB8E3DE59F19DB5F4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3972.2.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="07036DEBF579EAEE8CE2DE3F4A3A3ED2" type="GBIF-Dataset">2adbbfb9-f544-45b6-9269-748b09f702d6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B687EEFFF17C68FF17B7386565D8E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6095462" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119628754" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6095462" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687EEFFF17C68FF17B7386565D8E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B687EEFFF17C68FF17B7386565D8E3" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="240" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">
<subSubSection id="C3056573FFF17C69FF17B738651BD94C" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF17C69FF17B73866E8D96A" blockId="8.[151,733,1593,1653]" box="[151,733,1593,1619]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">
<heading id="D0E88194FFF17C69FF17B73866E8D96A" bold="true" box="[151,733,1593,1619]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF17C69FF17B73866E8D96A" ID-CoL="4KVVZ" authority="Wheeler &amp; Mann 1914" authorityName="Wheeler &amp; Mann" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,733,1593,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saucius">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FF17B73866E8D96A" bold="true" box="[151,733,1593,1619]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FF17B738658CD96A" bold="true" box="[151,441,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Pogonomyrmex saucius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B09FFF17C69FE3FB73866E8D96A" author="Wheeler" box="[447,733,1593,1619]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" refString="Wheeler, W. M. &amp; Mann, W. M. (1914) The ants of Haiti. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 33, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1914">
Wheeler &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF17C69FDD0B73866AED96A" box="[592,667,1593,1619]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Mann</collectingCountry>
1914
</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF17C69FF17B75D651BD94C" blockId="8.[151,733,1593,1653]" box="[151,302,1628,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">
(
<figureCitation id="13242A7DFFF17C69FF1EB75D6513D94C" box="[158,294,1628,1653]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStart-2="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="10.[151,250,1804,1826]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,250,1924,1946]" captionStartId-2="12.[151,250,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox-0="[412,1168,195,1782]" captionTargetBox-1="[421,1135,193,1893]" captionTargetBox-2="[401,1172,193,1893]" captionTargetId-0="figure@10.[412,1176,195,1783]" captionTargetId-1="figure@11.[421,1140,193,1894]" captionTargetId-2="figure@12.[401,1181,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionText-0="FIGURE 6. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex saucius Wheeler &amp; Mann worker: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (MCZ-ENT 00511548). Photographs by Michele Esposito from www. antweb. org." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex saucius Wheeler &amp; Mann alate queen: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (MCZ-ENT 00511553). Photographs by Michele Esposito from www. antweb. org." captionText-2="FIGURE 8. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex saucius Wheeler &amp; Mann paralectotype male: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT 0217245). Photographs by Erin Prado from www. antweb. org." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/239580/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/239581/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/239582/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Figures 6–8</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3056573FFF17C69FF17B7A4609AD86A" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF17C69FF17B7A466C1D82F" blockId="8.[151,1436,1700,1875]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0F11D6FFF17C69FF17B7A466C1D82F" infered="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF17C69FF17B7A4676AD983" ID-CoL="4KVVZ" authority="Wheeler &amp; Mann, 1914: 29" authorityName="Wheeler &amp; Mann" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,863,1700,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saucius" subGenus="Ephebomyrmex">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FF17B7A46503D983" box="[151,310,1701,1722]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Pogonomyrmex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FEC5B7A565D7D983" box="[325,482,1700,1722]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Ephebomyrmex</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FE71B7A46608D983" box="[497,573,1701,1722]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">saucius</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ABE10E9FFF17C69FDC4B7A5676AD983" author="Wheeler" box="[580,863,1700,1722]" page="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B09FFF17C69FDC4B7A5670CD983" author="Wheeler" box="[580,825,1700,1722]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" refString="Wheeler, W. M. &amp; Mann, W. M. (1914) The ants of Haiti. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 33, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1914">
Wheeler &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF17C69FD3BB7A466CCD983" box="[699,761,1701,1722]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Mann</collectingCountry>
, 1914
</bibRefCitation>
: 29
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs. 10, 11 (worker, male); Olsen, 1934, plate 7, fig. 2.
<typeStatus id="54A4885AFFF17C69FF47B7C26511D9E0" box="[199,292,1731,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
examined:
<specimenCount id="9D19FD71FFF17C69FE1DB7C26633D9E0" box="[413,518,1731,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="worker">4 workers</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D19FD71FFF17C69FD92B7C26662D9E0" box="[530,599,1731,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
[AMNH],
<specimenCount id="9D19FD71FFF17C69FD4CB7C2671CD9E0" box="[716,809,1731,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="worker">1 worker</specimenCount>
[LACM],
<specimenCount id="9D19FD71FFF17C69FC19B7C26037D9E0" box="[921,1026,1731,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="worker">5 workers</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D19FD71FFF17C69FB8DB7C26066D9E0" box="[1037,1107,1731,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
[MCZ],
<specimenCount id="9D19FD71FFF17C69FB31B7C2613BD9E0" box="[1201,1294,1731,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="worker">1 worker</specimenCount>
[MHNG],
<specimenCount id="9D19FD71FFF17C69FA02B7C2652CD9CE" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="worker">14 workers</specimenCount>
[USNM];
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF17C69FE09B7E365E5D9CE" box="[393,464,1762,1783]" name="Haiti" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">HAITI</collectingCountry>
, about one-half mile east of Manneville (W.M.
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF17C69FC3FB7E367CFD9CE" box="[959,1018,1762,1783]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Mann</collectingCountry>
leg, winter
<date id="FFA11038FFF17C69FBF8B7E060DED9CE" box="[1144,1259,1761,1783]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" value="1912" valueMax="1913">1912–1913</date>
) (LACM worker here designated
<typeStatus id="54A4885AFFF17C69FEEBB6016632D82F" box="[363,519,1792,1814]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="lectotype">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FEEBB6016632D82F" bold="true" box="[363,519,1792,1814]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">LECTOTYPE</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
[LACMENT181990]).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF17C69FF17B61F60ACD80D" blockId="8.[151,1436,1700,1875]" box="[151,1177,1822,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF17C69FF17B61F6667D80D" authority="Wheeler &amp; Mann" authorityName="Wheeler &amp; Mann" box="[151,594,1822,1845]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ephebomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saucius">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FF17B61F65B2D80C" box="[151,391,1822,1845]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Ephebomyrmex saucius</emphasis>
(Wheeler &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF17C69FD8BB61E667ED80D" box="[523,587,1823,1844]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Mann</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
; Kempf, 1972: 106. First combination in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF17C69FC75B61F60A7D80D" box="[1013,1170,1822,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ephebomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FC75B61F60A7D80D" box="[1013,1170,1822,1844]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Ephebomyrmex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF17C69FF17B63F609AD86A" blockId="8.[151,1436,1700,1875]" box="[151,1199,1853,1875]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF17C69FF17B63F6677D86A" ID-CoL="4KVVZ" authority="Wheeler &amp; Mann" authorityName="Wheeler &amp; Mann" box="[151,578,1853,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saucius">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FF17B63F65BDD86A" box="[151,392,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Pogonomyrmex saucius</emphasis>
Wheeler &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF17C69FD84B63F6677D86A" box="[516,578,1854,1875]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Mann</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
; Bolton, 1995: 341. Revived combination in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF17C69FB8BB63F609CD86A" ID-CoL="6TNK" box="[1035,1193,1854,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FB8BB63F609CD86A" box="[1035,1193,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Pogonomyrmex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3056573FFF17C68FF17B68166E8DB4E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="240" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF17C69FF17B6816521D8D9" blockId="8.[151,1436,1920,2017]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FF17B681654BD8A0" bold="true" box="[151,382,1920,1945]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Worker. Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Small (HW =
<quantity id="4CE79B1DFFF17C69FDB3B68166EBD8A1" box="[563,734,1920,1944]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.275" metricValueMax="1.33" metricValueMin="1.22" pageId="8" pageNumber="239" unit="mm" value="1.275" valueMax="1.33" valueMin="1.22">1.22–1.33 mm</quantity>
), easily identified by the coarse regular to weakly irregular, subparallel longitudinal rugae on the dorsum and sides of the mesosoma and posterior surface of petiolar node (
<figureCitation id="13242A7DFFF17C69FF20B6C96531D8D8" box="[160,260,1992,2017]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1804,1826]" captionTargetBox="[412,1168,195,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[412,1176,195,1783]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex saucius Wheeler &amp; Mann worker: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (MCZ-ENT 00511548). Photographs by Michele Esposito from www. antweb. org." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239580/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF17C69FF20B6C96531D8D8" bold="true" box="[160,260,1992,2017]" pageId="8" pageNumber="239">Figure 6</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF17B1966777DE2C" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FF17B1966573DF89" bold="true" box="[151,326,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Measurements</emphasis>
—
<typeStatus id="54A4885AFFF07C68FEE3B19665FCDF89" box="[355,457,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FE5BB19865DCDF89" box="[475,489,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">n</emphasis>
= 10 + 2
<typeStatus id="54A4885AFFF07C68FDE2B196673CDF89" box="[610,777,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
). HL 1.33 (1.26–1.37); HW 1.33 (1.22–1.33); MOD 0.28 (0.25–0.30); OMD 0.33 (0.28–0.34); SL 1.01 (0.90–1.01); PNW 0.90 (0.87–0.95); HFL 1.22 (1.02–1.31); ML 1.63 (1.56–1.81); PW 0.50 (0.42–0.53); PPW 0.58 (0.51–0.62). Indices: SI 75.94 (68.42–79.51); CI 100.00 (94.57– 101.53); OI 21.05 (19.84–24.00); HFI 91.73 (79.07–102.46).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B01C67DFDE41" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FF47B01C65ABDE0F" bold="true" box="[199,414,285,310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Queen. Diagnosis.</emphasis>
With caste-specific morphology of the mesosoma related to wing-bearing and presence of ocelli on head. Small (HW =
<quantity id="4CE79B1DFFF07C68FE63B03F667EDE6E" box="[483,587,318,343]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" unit="mm" value="1.15">1.15 mm</quantity>
), about the same size as conspecific workers; all surfaces of mesosoma and posterior surface of petiolar node with coarse longitudinal rugae (
<figureCitation id="13242A7DFFF07C68FCF5B05E67ECDE41" box="[885,985,351,376]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1924,1946]" captionTargetBox="[421,1135,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[421,1140,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex saucius Wheeler &amp; Mann alate queen: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (MCZ-ENT 00511553). Photographs by Michele Esposito from www. antweb. org." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239581/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FCF5B05E67ECDE41" bold="true" box="[885,985,351,376]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Figure 7</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B080678ADE82" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FF47B0806543DEA3" bold="true" box="[199,374,385,410]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Measurements</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FE06B08365A1DEA0" box="[390,404,386,409]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">n</emphasis>
= 1). HL 1.23; HW 1.15; MOD 0.29; OMD 0.28; SL 1.00; PNW 1.01; HFL 1.27; ML 1.71; PW 0.41; PPW 0.55. Indices: SI 86.96; CI 93.50; OI 25.22; HFI 110.43.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B0C564E6DDBA" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FF47B0C5656CDEE4" bold="true" box="[199,345,452,477]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Description.</emphasis>
With caste-specific morphology of the mesosoma related to wing-bearing and presence of ocelli on head. In full-face view, head longer than broad (CI = 93.50), posterior margin flat. Longitudinal rugae on cephalic dorsum prominent, wavy to irregular; interrugae strongly granulate, dull. Mandible with six teeth, dorsal surface coarsely rugose. Eye relatively small, situated anterior to middle of head. Antennal scape moderately to strongly granulate, dull. Psammophore poorly-developed, consisting of short hairs scattered across ventral side of head.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B38D60ADDCCB" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
All mesosomal surfaces with subparallel, regular to weakly irregular longitudinal rugae except for sides and dorsum of propodeum where rugae converge posterad. Propodeum with long, well-developed superior and inferior spines, inferior spines about the same length as superior spines. In profile, petiolar node asymmetrical with anterior surface notably shorter than posterior surface, apex of node weakly angulate. In dorsal view, petiolar node slightly longer than wide, widest near middle, tapering to a rounded to spatulate anterior margin. Anterior surface of petiolar node smooth and shining; posterior surface with coarse regular to weakly irregular longitudinal rugae, interrugae weakly granulate, shining. In dorsal view, postpetiole widest near posterior margin, tapering to anterior margin, maximum width about equal to length; all surfaces strongly coriarious, dull. First gastral tergum strongly coriarious, dull. Moderately abundant yellowish-brown to brownish hairs on entire body, longest hairs on head and mesosoma shorter than MOD. Body mostly concolorous dark brown; legs, antennae, and mandibles lighter; postpetiole and first gastral tergum with an iridescent blue to purplish reflection (
<figureCitation id="13242A7DFFF07C68FBA4B2D860BDDCCB" box="[1060,1160,985,1010]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1924,1946]" captionTargetBox="[421,1135,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[421,1140,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex saucius Wheeler &amp; Mann alate queen: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (MCZ-ENT 00511553). Photographs by Michele Esposito from www. antweb. org." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239581/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FBA4B2D860BDDCCB" bold="true" box="[1060,1160,985,1010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Figure 7</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B2FB61B9DB6F" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FF47B2FB65A4DB2A" bold="true" box="[199,401,1018,1043]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Male. Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Head, dorsum of mesosoma, and posterior surface of petiolar node strongly granulatepunctate, dull; dorsum of postpetiole weakly granulate-punctate, weakly shining; notauli well-developed (
<figureCitation id="13242A7DFFF07C68FACDB51D6490DB6F" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[401,1172,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[401,1181,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Photograph of Pogonomyrmex saucius Wheeler &amp; Mann paralectotype male: (A) frontal view of head, (B) lateral view of body, and (C) dorsal view of body (CASENT 0217245). Photographs by Erin Prado from www. antweb. org." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239582/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FACDB51D6490DB6F" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Figure 8</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
). Note that these characters might not be diagnostic because males of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF07C68FC38B53F6074DB6C" box="[952,1089,1086,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aterrimus">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FC38B53F6074DB6C" box="[952,1089,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">P. aterrimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF07C68FBF7B53F60D9DB6C" box="[1143,1260,1085,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schmitti">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FBF7B53F60D9DB6C" box="[1143,1260,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">P. schmitti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B55F66E8DB4E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" box="[199,733,1118,1143]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FF47B55F6548DB4E" bold="true" box="[199,381,1118,1143]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Measurements.</emphasis>
(damaged, unable to measure).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3056573FFF07C68FF47B57E60A9DBE2" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B57E60A9DBE2" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FF47B57E6005DBA1" bold="true" box="[199,1072,1151,1176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
Additional material examined.
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF07C68FDCCB57E67A3DBA1" box="[588,918,1151,1176]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">DOMINICAN REPUBLIC</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FC28B57E6012DBA1" bold="true" box="[936,1063,1151,1176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Pedernales</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
Pedernales,
<date id="FFA11038FFF07C68FB4AB5816147DBA1" box="[1226,1394,1152,1176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" value="2008-05-27">May 27, 2008</date>
(A Clark;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE3DFFF07C68FF66B5A36505DB83" box="[230,304,1186,1210]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">RAJC</collectionCode>
); Cabo Rojo,
<quantity id="4CE79B1DFFF07C68FE4FB5A065CBDB80" box="[463,510,1185,1210]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA11038FFF07C68FD8CB5A366A8DB83" box="[524,669,1186,1210]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" value="1992-09-09">Sept 9, 1992</date>
(PS Ward;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE3DFFF07C68FCA5B5A36751DB83" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[805,868,1186,1210]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">MCZ</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE3DFFF07C68FCF2B5A367F0DB83" box="[882,965,1186,1210]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kd99-229r" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">UCDC</collectionCode>
); Parque Nacional Jaragua,
<quantity id="4CE79B1DFFF07C68FA84B5A06106DB80" box="[1284,1331,1185,1210]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA11038FFF07C68FAC1B5A364FADBE2" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" value="2012-03-31">Mar 31, 2012</date>
(D Lubertazzi;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE3DFFF07C68FE01B5C265F6DBE2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[385,451,1219,1243]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">MCZ</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FE55B5C3664DDBE2" bold="true" box="[469,632,1218,1243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF07C68FE55B5C3661FDBE2" box="[469,554,1218,1243]" name="Haiti" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">HAITI</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FDB5B5C3664DDBE2" bold="true" box="[565,632,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Quest</emphasis>
</emphasis>
: Mannville, 1954 (WM
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF07C68FC0BB5C267E5DBE3" box="[907,976,1219,1242]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Mann</collectingCountry>
;
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE3DFFF07C68FC5BB5C2601ADBE2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" box="[987,1071,1219,1243]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">LACM</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE3DFFF07C68FBBAB5C260A5DBE2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1082,1168,1219,1243]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">USNM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3056573FFF07C68FF47B5E5666FDA06" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B5E5666FDA06" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FF47B5E5657BDBC4" bold="true" box="[199,334,1252,1277]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Etymology.</emphasis>
Wheeler did not give information regarding the derivation of this name. The specific epithet,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF07C68FF17B40764DEDA24" box="[151,235,1286,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saucius">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FF17B40764DEDA24" box="[151,235,1286,1309]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">saucius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Latin,
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FECAB40765B0DA24" box="[330,389,1286,1309]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">sauci</emphasis>
= wounded, injured, weakened) might refer to the behavior of disturbed workers feigning death, as occurs in some related species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3056573FFF07C68FF47B4466565D8E3" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B44660D9DADF" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FF47B44665D6DA59" bold="true" box="[199,483,1351,1376]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Discussion and biology.</emphasis>
The smaller
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF07C68FD00B44866C2DA59" box="[640,759,1352,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schmitti">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FD00B44866C2DA59" box="[640,759,1352,1376]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">P. schmitti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only congener known to occur in sympatry with
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF07C68FA07B44864DEDAB8" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saucius">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FA07B44864DEDAB8" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">P. saucius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13242A7DFFF07C68FF7DB4686556DABB" box="[253,355,1385,1410]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1398,1420]" captionTargetBox="[410,1172,193,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[410,1177,193,1377]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Geographic distribution for (A) Pogonomyrmex aterrimus (▲), P. “ darlingtoni ” (■), and P. saucius (●), and (B) P. schmitti (●). The bold line down the left-center of the map is the border between Haiti and the Dominican Republic; lighter lines are the first administrative divisions in each country. Both maps are drawn on the same geographic area so that distribution patterns are directly comparable." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239579/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FF7DB4686556DABB" bold="true" box="[253,355,1385,1410]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Figure 5</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF07C68FEFDB46B66BFDAB8" box="[381,650,1386,1409]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saucius">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FEFDB46B66BFDAB8" box="[381,650,1386,1409]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Pogonomyrmex saucius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished by the wavy to slightly irregular longitudinal rugae on the dorsum and sides of the mesosoma and posterior surface of the petiolar node. All other Hispaniolan congeners have rugoreticulate-vermiculate sculpturing on the mesosoma, and the posterior surface of the petiolar node is shining to strongly punctate or rugoreticulate, but never with prominent longitudinal rugae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B4EF6582D997" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<bibRef id="52BFA20EFFF07C68FF47B4EF6582D997" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="journal article">
<author id="53A2DE1DFFF07C68FF47B4EF656CD93F" box="[199,345,1518,1543]" fns="I" npo="LF" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
Currently,
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FEC6B4EE656CD93F" box="[326,345,1519,1542]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">P.</emphasis>
</author>
s a uc i us is known only from arid, semi-desert habitats at low elevations in south-central Hispaniola (
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FEA2B70E65A5D911" bold="true" box="[290,400,1551,1576]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
<figureCitation id="13242A7DFFF07C68FEA2B70E65B2D911" box="[290,391,1551,1576]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1398,1420]" captionTargetBox="[410,1172,193,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[410,1177,193,1377]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Geographic distribution for (A) Pogonomyrmex aterrimus (▲), P. “ darlingtoni ” (■), and P. saucius (●), and (B) P. schmitti (●). The bold line down the left-center of the map is the border between Haiti and the Dominican Republic; lighter lines are the first administrative divisions in each country. Both maps are drawn on the same geographic area so that distribution patterns are directly comparable." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239579/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Figure 5</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B09FFF07C68FE20B70E66F9D911" author="Wheeler" box="[416,716,1551,1576]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" refString="Wheeler, W. M. &amp; Mann, W. M. (1914) The ants of Haiti. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 33, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1914">
Wheeler and
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF07C68FDB8B711664CD91E" box="[568,633,1552,1575]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Mann</collectingCountry>
(
<year id="FFB777ABFFF07C68FD0AB71166F1D911" box="[650,708,1552,1576]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">1914</year>
)
</bibRefCitation>
<title id="F91BDDCEFFF07C68FD55B70E66E1D952" jopScore="0.22482209" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="_" typeScore="47">found nests under stones near sea level in a very arid area that contained desert vegetation such as cacti and thorny bushes; another collection label also indicated that specimens were collected in desert habitats (PS Ward #11730)</title>
.
<journalOrPublisher id="51DE3C34FFF07C68FD5EB75264CFD9B5" jopScore="0.3882314" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="_" typeScore="47">
Nests of
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FCC0B752679AD953" box="[832,943,1619,1642]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">P. saucius</emphasis>
contained small numbers of seeds (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B09FFF07C68FABBB75364CFD9B5" author="Wheeler" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" refString="Wheeler, W. M. &amp; Mann, W. M. (1914) The ants of Haiti. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 33, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1914">
Wheeler &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF07C68FF39B77464CFD9B5" box="[185,250,1653,1676]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Mann</collectingCountry>
</bibRefCitation>
</journalOrPublisher>
<part id="FFBB9C65FFF07C68FE87B7756576D9B5" box="[263,323,1652,1676]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="volume">1914</part>
). No information is available on colony size, but it is probably small (
<pagination id="B2D6C80CFFF07C68FB18B77560CED9B5" box="[1176,1275,1652,1676]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="pagination">
200–
<specimenCount id="9D19FD71FFF07C68FB51B77560CED9B5" box="[1233,1275,1652,1676]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="worker">300</specimenCount>
</pagination>
workers) (D. Lubertazzi, pers. comm.).
</bibRef>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B7B767B6D84F" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
Little information is available relative to timing of sexual production or mating flights for
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF07C68FB35B7B66111D9F7" box="[1205,1316,1719,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saucius">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FB35B7B66111D9F7" box="[1205,1316,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">P. saucius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. One alate queen was collected on
<date id="FFA11038FFF07C68FE21B7D6663AD9C9" box="[417,527,1751,1776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" value="1931-03">March 31</date>
, and the date for males was given as winter
<date id="FFA11038FFF07C68FC7BB7D9604FD9C9" box="[1019,1146,1752,1776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" value="1912" valueMax="1913">1912–1913</date>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B09FFF07C68FB08B7D661A5D9C9" author="Wheeler" box="[1160,1424,1751,1776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" refString="Wheeler, W. M. &amp; Mann, W. M. (1914) The ants of Haiti. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 33, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1914">
Wheeler &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF07C68FA8CB7D96178D9D6" box="[1292,1357,1752,1775]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Mann</collectingCountry>
1914
</bibRefCitation>
). The queen was small, similar to the size of workers (see discussion under taxonomy, morphology, and ecology). We also examined one aberrant intermorph-like queen (USNM) that had small wing buds, but her size and shape (especially the mesosoma) was similar to that of workers; she also lacked ocelli and distinct mesosomal sutures (see also
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B09FFF07C68FF7FB65C65E5D84F" author="Heinze" box="[255,464,1885,1910]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" refString="Heinze, J., Holldobler, B. &amp; Cover, S. P. (1992) Queen polymorphism in the North American harvester ant, Ephebomyrmex imberbiculus. Insectes Sociaux, 39, 267 - 273. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 01323947" type="journal article" year="1992">
Heinze
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FED5B65F65B8D84C" box="[341,397,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">et al.</emphasis>
1992
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B09FFF07C68FE5BB65C668DD84F" author="Johnson" box="[475,696,1885,1910]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" refString="Johnson, R. A., Holbrook, C. T., Strehl, C. &amp; Gadau, J. (2007) Population and colony structure and morphometrics in the queen dimorphic harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex pima. Insectes Sociaux, 54, 77 - 86. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00040 - 007 - 0916 - y" type="journal article" year="2007">
Johnson
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FDBEB65F6643D84C" box="[574,630,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B09FFF07C68FD44B65F6742D84F" author="Kusnezov" box="[708,887,1885,1910]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" refString="Kusnezov, N. (1951) El genero Pogonomyrmex Mayr (Hym., Formicidae). Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 11, 227 - 333." type="journal article" year="1951">Kusnezov 1951</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036F8FFF07C68FF47B67E6565D8E3" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">
We also note that Wheeler &amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3087668FFF07C68FDB0B67E6644D8AF" box="[560,625,1919,1942]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">Mann</collectingCountry>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D7BFFF07C68FD75B67E675FD8AF" box="[757,874,1919,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pogonomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saucius">
<emphasis id="B96BEAEAFFF07C68FD75B67E675FD8AF" box="[757,874,1919,1942]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="240">P. saucius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as brownish-black. This coloration agrees with specimens in recent collections and indicates that over time workers in the
<typeStatus id="54A4885AFFF07C68FC5DB6A06001D880" box="[989,1076,1953,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="240" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
series have discolored to a light orangish-brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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