153 lines
18 KiB
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153 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="F0C8B7AD783A832CA734019528E470B8" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5360.4.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10084656" ID-ZooBank="EA1BE6F9-88E2-4357-895E-8ED415206592" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1698932936510" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Boxshall, Geoffrey A. & Bernot, James P." docDate="2023" docId="03AFA377FFBBFFE7FF7A97EAF271F807" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5360.4.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5360 (4)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5360.4.5/52133" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Caligus curtus O. F. Muller 1785" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="555" masterDocId="FF96DB0FFFB1FFEDFFED9318F146FFDA" masterDocTitle="Resolving taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in the genus Caligus O. F. Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Caligidae)" masterLastPageNumber="567" masterPageNumber="545" pageNumber="555" updateTime="1701687868325" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DD376F5623B3FAA31CBCF5C88B4EFC6A">Resolving taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in the genus Caligus O. F. Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Caligidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="87F6704066A45805F009AA705FA45456" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="FAAECFA5BB06CF57A2FAC1912335AB73">Boxshall, Geoffrey A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="49AA19C168E466B8B4665FE9AE0393DD">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D03D6C0B8DAEA32AB5AB33F8380910DA">Bernot, James P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EF2F5F47A5FA16856FA9FDF04A80988E">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 20560, USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3A61CF129546E555C6E06EDDF41E4B11">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D3F4BAEF1CB83548D738A483A8A17B18">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BEFB37E876240068AE50282853DC74CD">2023-10-30</mods:number>
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<heading id="D0F1A50DFFBBFFE7FF7A97EAF2CDFAD6" bold="true" box="[151,907,1266,1293]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FF7A97EAF2CDFAD6" bold="true" box="[151,907,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">
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<subSubSection id="C31C41EAFFBBFFE7FF7A97EAF368FAD7" box="[151,558,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBBFFE7FF7A97EAF368FAD7" blockId="10.[151,907,1266,1293]" box="[151,558,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FF7A97EAF0BEFAD6" ID-CoL="PKCT" authority="Gadd, 1910" authorityName="Gadd" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,504,1266,1293]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FF7A97EAF026FAD7" bold="true" box="[151,352,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">Caligus glacialis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBBFFE7FE8597EAF0BEFAD6" author="Gadd, P." box="[360,504,1266,1292]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14285" refString="Gadd, P. (1910) En ny parasite - copepod fran Ishafvet. Ofversigt af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens F ˆ rhandligar, 52, Afd. A 6, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1910">Gadd, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31C41EAFFBBFFE7FDD897EAF2CDFAD6" box="[565,907,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBBFFE7FDD897EAF2CDFAD6" blockId="10.[151,907,1266,1293]" box="[565,907,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FDD897EAF2CDFAD6" ID-CoL="PKBF" authority="Muller, 1785" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1785" box="[565,907,1266,1293]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FDD897EAF3A0FAD7" bold="true" box="[565,742,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">Caligus curtus</emphasis>
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Müller, 1785
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="C31C41EAFFBBFFE7FF7A9623F271F807" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBBFFE7FF7A9623F477F8DF" blockId="10.[151,1437,1339,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">
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Despite its early twentieth century publication date, the original description of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FBED9623F539FA8F" authorityName="Gadd" authorityYear="1910" box="[1024,1151,1339,1365]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FBED9623F539FA8F" box="[1024,1151,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">C. glacialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBBFFE7FB459623F470FA8F" author="Gadd, P." box="[1192,1334,1339,1365]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14285" refString="Gadd, P. (1910) En ny parasite - copepod fran Ishafvet. Ofversigt af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens F ˆ rhandligar, 52, Afd. A 6, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1910">Gadd (1910)</bibRefCitation>
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provides detailed information on some important morphological features. Comparison of Gadd’s description of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FAF79647F4DAFAA3" authorityName="Gadd" authorityYear="1910" box="[1306,1436,1375,1401]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FAF79647F4DAFAA3" box="[1306,1436,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">C. glacialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with the redescription of the
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<typeStatus id="54BDACC3FFBBFFE7FE3C969BF347FA47" box="[465,513,1411,1437]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FDB0969BF384FA46" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1785" box="[605,706,1411,1437]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FDB0969BF384FA46" box="[605,706,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">C. curtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBBFFE7FD05969BF2FBFA47" author="Parker, R. R. & Kabata, Z. & Margolis, L. & Dean, M. D." box="[744,957,1411,1437]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" pagination="1923 - 1969" refId="ref15932" refString="Parker, R. R., Kabata, Z., Margolis, L. & Dean, M. D. (1968) A review and description of Caligus curtus Muller, 1785 (Caligidae: Copepoda), type species of its genus. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 25 (9), 1923 - 1969, figs. 1 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / f 68 - 172" type="journal article" year="1968">
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Parker
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FCDA969BF22BFA47" box="[823,877,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">et al.</emphasis>
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(1968)
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</bibRefCitation>
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reveals numerous detailed similarities. The general habitus of female
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FE5696BFF37AFA1B" authorityName="Gadd" authorityYear="1910" box="[443,572,1447,1473]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FE5696BFF37AFA1B" box="[443,572,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">C. glacialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is very similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FCB496BFF286FA1A" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1785" box="[857,960,1447,1473]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FCB496BFF286FA1A" box="[857,960,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">C. curtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and similarities between their appendages include: the presence of a blunt posterior process on the proximal segment of the antenna; a recurved postantennal process; a slender maxilliped lacking any myxal process; a sternal furca with short divergent tines; leg 2 with an unusually large outer spine of the first exopodal segment combined with an inconspicuous outer spine on segment 2, and neither lies obliquely across the surface of the ramus; leg 3 carries a slightly curved outer spine on the first exopodal segment that does not extend as far as the articulation between exopodal segments 2 and 3; and leg 4 is 3- segmented and bears 3 distal margin spines, the innermost of which is more than twice as long as the other 2 spines and longer than the segment. The male, as described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBBFFE7FCFE95BBF2E2F967" author="Gadd, P." box="[787,932,1699,1725]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14285" refString="Gadd, P. (1910) En ny parasite - copepod fran Ishafvet. Ofversigt af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens F ˆ rhandligar, 52, Afd. A 6, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1910">Gadd (1910)</bibRefCitation>
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, also shares numerous detailed features with
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FF7A95DFF1B9F93A" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1785" box="[151,255,1735,1761]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FF7A95DFF1B9F93A" box="[151,255,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">C. curtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, including the presence of 2 well developed digitiform processes on the myxal surface of the maxilliped opposing the tip of the subchela, one proximal to and one distal to the tip of the subchela when adducted.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBBFFE7FF2A9417F271F807" blockId="10.[151,1437,1339,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">
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The female of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FE819417F095F8F2" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1785" box="[364,467,1807,1833]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FE819417F095F8F2" box="[364,467,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">C. curtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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attains lengths up to
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<quantity id="4CFEBF84FFBBFFE7FD299417F26EF8F3" box="[708,808,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" unit="mm" value="10.1">10.1 mm</quantity>
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and the male, unusually for a
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FB909417F469F8F3" box="[1149,1327,1807,1833]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FB909417F592F8F3" box="[1149,1236,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">Caligus</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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, is longer than the female, up to
|
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<quantity id="4CFEBF84FFBBFFE7FE76942BF347F897" box="[411,513,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" unit="mm" value="12.3">12.3 mm</quantity>
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according to
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBBFFE7FD4D942BF203F897" author="Kabata, Z." box="[672,837,1843,1869]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" refId="ref14762" refString="Kabata, Z. (1979) Parasitic Copepoda of British fishes. The Ray Society, London, 468 pp." type="book" year="1979">Kabata (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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. The body lengths given by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBBFFE7FB60942BF458F897" author="Gadd, P." box="[1165,1310,1843,1869]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14285" refString="Gadd, P. (1910) En ny parasite - copepod fran Ishafvet. Ofversigt af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens F ˆ rhandligar, 52, Afd. A 6, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1910">Gadd (1910)</bibRefCitation>
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for female and male
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FEE8944FF0C0F8AB" authorityName="Gadd" authorityYear="1910" box="[261,390,1879,1905]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FEE8944FF0C0F8AB" box="[261,390,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">C. glacialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were
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<quantity id="4CFEBF84FFBBFFE7FE21944FF364F8AB" box="[460,546,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" unit="mm" value="8.9">8.9 mm</quantity>
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and
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<quantity id="4CFEBF84FFBBFFE7FDB4944FF3F4F8AB" box="[601,690,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" unit="mm" value="9.9">9.9 mm</quantity>
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, respectively, and conform to this unusual pattern of gender-based size dimorphism. On the basis of all these similarities, and in the absence of significant differences, we propose to recognise
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FEE59487F308F863" authority="Gadd, 1910" authorityName="Gadd" authorityYear="1910" box="[264,590,1951,1977]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FEE59487F080F863" box="[264,454,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">Caligus glacialis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBBFFE7FE219487F308F863" author="Gadd, P." box="[460,590,1951,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14285" refString="Gadd, P. (1910) En ny parasite - copepod fran Ishafvet. Ofversigt af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens F ˆ rhandligar, 52, Afd. A 6, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1910">Gadd, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a junior subjective synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBBFFE7FC239487F44CF863" authority="Muller, 1785" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1785" box="[974,1290,1950,1977]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBBFFE7FC239487F537F862" box="[974,1137,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="555">Caligus curtus</emphasis>
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Müller, 1785
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</taxonomicName>
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. This species is widespread at high latitudes in the Arctic-Boreal Atlantic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
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