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<document id="19100254707D2C215294CB388F392206" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5122.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399540" ID-ZooBank="EC13A69D-D6FA-4926-AC59-648A5626C9B9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1648673390063" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chiquetto-Machado, Pedro I., Morales, Adriana C. &amp; Cancello, Eliana M." docDate="2022" docId="03B587AAFFC5FFDDFF2AFBA0FEE1F4F7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5122.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5122 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5122.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="FF8CFFD2FFD5FFC8FFBDFFBAFFF5F63A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Paraphasma Redtenbacher, 1906 (Phasmatodea, Pseudophasmatidae) based on phallic and external morphology" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1699309444246" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="B48B49DEE3E0A4A923DFF477CFDF7064">Taxonomic revision of Paraphasma Redtenbacher, 1906 (Phasmatodea, Pseudophasmatidae) based on phallic and external morphology</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC5FFD8FF2AFBA0FD21F20F" ID-CoL="9J57Y" authority="Chiquetto-Machado" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,724,1050,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FF2AFBA0FE25F20F" bold="true" box="[151,464,1050,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paraphasma indistinctum</emphasis>
Chiquetto-Machado
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFC5FFD8FD66FBA1FCCDF20F" box="[731,824,1051,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FF2AFB85FEFCF263" box="[151,265,1087,1113]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStart-2="FIGURE 9" captionStart-3="FIGURE 10" captionStartId-0="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" captionStartId-2="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionStartId-3="20.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox-0="[178,1407,182,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1432,186,1099]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetBox-3="[196,1391,183,1870]" captionTargetId-0="figure-22@17.[178,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-27@18.[151,1435,181,1106]" captionTargetId-2="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetId-3="figure-27@20.[196,1392,181,1872]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionTargetPageId-3="20" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (MZUSP 0154). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D, E. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral (D) and dorsal (E) views. F. Labels. Scale bars = 10 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." captionText-3="FIGURE 10. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (MZUSP 0153). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), ventral (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399558" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399566" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6399558/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/6399566/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 7–10</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C69E0307FFC5FFD8FEA9FB85FE9CF263" box="[276,361,1087,1113]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="21.[151,239,764,788]" captionText="TABLE 3. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., measurements (length in mm) of the holotype (HT) and paratypes (PT)." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Table 3</tableCitation>
.
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http://zoobank.org/
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC5FFD8FF2AFB1DFEA6F2FA" box="[151,339,1191,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FF2AFB1DFEEDF285" box="[151,280,1191,1215]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paraphasma</emphasis>
sp. 2
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,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFC5FFD8FEDDFB1DFCF2F2FA" author="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. &amp; Cancello, E. M." box="[352,775,1191,1216]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="158 - 198" refId="ref44573" refString="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. &amp; Cancello, E. M. (2021) Cladistic analysis of Paraphasma (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae) highlights the importance of the phallic organ for phasmid systematics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 193, 158 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 004" type="journal article" year="2021">Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello, 2021: 4</bibRefCitation>
, 26, figs 8, 25, 26.
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:
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(
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)
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.
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:
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<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FFC5FFD8FBB2FB7CFB96F2E4" box="[1039,1123,1222,1246]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1961-07">vii.1961</collectingDate>
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(
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;
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FFC5FFD8FE42FB5FFD98F2C7" box="[511,621,1253,1277]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Itacoatiara</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFA2107CFFC5FFD8FDCAFB5FFD48F2C7" box="[631,701,1253,1277]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1961-10">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FFC5FFD8FDCAFB5FFD48F2C7" box="[631,701,1253,1277]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1961-10">x.1961</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFC5FFD8FD77FB5FFCAEF2C7" box="[714,859,1253,1277]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MZUSP 0999</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFC5FFD8FCDBFB5FFC68F2C7" box="[870,925,1253,1277]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">1000</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FFC5FFD8FC12FB5FFF1EF326" collectingDate="1961-12" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Amazonas" municipality="Itacoatiara" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="MZUSP 0153" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFC5FFD8FC12FB5FFC3AF2C7" box="[943,975,1253,1277]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FC61FB5CFB35F2C7" box="[988,1216,1253,1277]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">same data as holotype</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFC5FFD8FB70FB5FFAABF2C7" box="[1229,1374,1253,1277]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MZUSP 0153</specimenCode>
) (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FACEFB5FFF16F326" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,183,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@20.[196,1392,181,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (MZUSP 0153). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), ventral (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399566/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FFC5FFD8FF4BFABEFBC0F326" box="[246,1077,1283,1308]" collectingDate="1962-01" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Amazonas" municipality="Itacoatiara" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="MZUSP 0370" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFC5FFD8FF4BFABEFEEDF326" box="[246,280,1284,1308]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFC5FFD8FE9FFABEFEB6F326" box="[290,323,1284,1308]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFC5FFD8FEF3FAB9FE7BF321" box="[334,398,1283,1307]" name="Brazil" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8EC36067FFC5FFD8FE2AFABEFDF0F326" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFC5FFDDFF2AFBA0FEE1F4F7:8EC36067FFC5FFD8FE2AFABEFDF0F326" box="[407,517,1284,1308]" country="Brazil" municipality="Itacoatiara" name="Amazonas" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Amazonas</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FFC5FFD8FDB3FAB9FD89F321" box="[526,636,1283,1307]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Itacoatiara</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFA2107CFFC5FFD8FD38FAB9FD30F321" box="[645,709,1283,1307]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1962-01">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FFC5FFD8FD38FAB9FD30F321" box="[645,709,1283,1307]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1962-01">i.1962</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFC5FFD8FD6FFABEFC91F326" box="[722,868,1284,1308]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MZUSP 0370</specimenCode>
*, 0371, 0372, 0373)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FFC5FFD8FB82FABEFE4DF300" collectingDate="1964-04" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Amazonas" municipality="Itacoatiara" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="MZUSP 0360" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFC5FFD8FB82FABEFBABF326" box="[1087,1118,1284,1308]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFC5FFD8FBD6FAB9FB5EF321" box="[1131,1195,1283,1307]" name="Brazil" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8EC36067FFC5FFD8FB09FABEFAD7F326" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFC5FFDDFF2AFBA0FEE1F4F7:8EC36067FFC5FFD8FB09FABEFAD7F326" box="[1204,1314,1284,1308]" country="Brazil" municipality="Itacoatiara" name="Amazonas" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Amazonas</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FFC5FFD8FA96FAB9FA6CF321" box="[1323,1433,1283,1307]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Itacoatiara</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFA2107CFFC5FFD8FF7AFA98FEE7F300" box="[199,274,1314,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1964-04">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FFC5FFD8FF7AFA98FEE7F300" box="[199,274,1314,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1964-04">iv.1964</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFC5FFD8FEA2FA98FE44F300" box="[287,433,1314,1338]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MZUSP 0360</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FFC5FFD8FE7FFA98FBE5F300" box="[450,1040,1314,1338]" collectingDate="1964-10" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Amazonas" municipality="Itacoatiara" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="MZUSP 1001" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFC5FFD8FE7FFA98FE16F300" box="[450,483,1314,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFC5FFD8FE53FA98FDDBF300" box="[494,558,1314,1338]" name="Brazil" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8EC36067FFC5FFD8FD8BFA98FD51F300" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFC5FFDDFF2AFBA0FEE1F4F7:8EC36067FFC5FFD8FD8BFA98FD51F300" box="[566,676,1314,1338]" country="Brazil" municipality="Itacoatiara" name="Amazonas" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Amazonas</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FFC5FFD8FD13FA98FCE9F300" box="[686,796,1314,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Itacoatiara</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFA2107CFFC5FFD8FC98FA98FC9FF300" box="[805,874,1314,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1964-10">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E994FFC5FFD8FC98FA98FC9FF300" box="[805,874,1314,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1964-10">x.1964</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFC5FFD8FCCAFA98FBFDF300" box="[887,1032,1314,1338]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MZUSP 1001</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FFC5FFD8FBA7FA98FD8BF363" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Amazonas" municipality="Itacoatiara" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="MZUSP 0365" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFC5FFD8FBA7FA98FBCEF300" box="[1050,1083,1314,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFC5FFD8FBFBFA98FB92F300" box="[1094,1127,1314,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B762CFFC5FFD8FBCFFA98FB47F300" box="[1138,1202,1314,1338]" name="Brazil" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8EC36067FFC5FFD8FB07FA98FADDF300" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFC5FFDDFF2AFBA0FEE1F4F7:8EC36067FFC5FFD8FB07FA98FADDF300" box="[1210,1320,1314,1338]" country="Brazil" municipality="Itacoatiara" name="Amazonas" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Amazonas</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FFC5FFD8FA8CFA98FA69F300" box="[1329,1436,1314,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Itacoatiara</collectingMunicipality>
(
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC7FFC5FFD8FF73FAFBFE95F363" box="[206,352,1345,1369]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MZUSP 0365</specimenCode>
*, 0366, 0367, 0368, 0369*)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE1FFC5FFD8FD34FAFBFB3DF363" box="[649,1224,1345,1369]" collectionCode="NHMW" collectorName="Coll. Br." country="Brazil" location="Alto Amazonas" municipality="Staudinger" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFC5FFD8FD34FAFBFD5FF363" box="[649,682,1345,1369]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8EC36067FFC5FFD8FD09FAFBFCA1F363" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AAFFC5FFDDFF2AFBA0FEE1F4F7:8EC36067FFC5FFD8FD09FAFBFCA1F363" box="[692,852,1345,1369]" country="Brazil" municipality="Staudinger" name="Alto Amazonas" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Alto Amazonas</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC6FFC5FFD8FCE0FAFBFC39F363" box="[861,972,1345,1369]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Staudinger</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="26E9536AFFC5FFD8FC6AFAFBFBDBF362" box="[983,1070,1345,1369]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Coll. Br.</collectorName>
v.W. (
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE79FFC5FFD8FBD5FAFBFB34F363" box="[1128,1217,1345,1369]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFC5FFD8FF2AFA3DFD54F3D0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFC5FFD8FF2AFA3DFD54F3D0" blockId="16.[151,1437,1415,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FF2AFA3DFEEBF39B" bold="true" box="[151,286,1415,1441]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Etymology.</emphasis>
Latin adjective meaning ‘indistinct’, referring to the fact that this species cannot be safely distinguished from some other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC5FFD8FE75FA11FDA2F3FF" baseAuthorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[456,599,1451,1477]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FE75FA11FDA2F3FF" box="[456,599,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paraphasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(especially
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC5FFD8FD61FA16FC89F3FF" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[732,892,1452,1477]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FD61FA16FC89F3FF" box="[732,892,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. conspersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC5FFD8FC0DFA16FBFBF3FF" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[944,1038,1452,1477]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FC0DFA16FBFBF3FF" box="[944,1038,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. minus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) based on external morphology, but only through examination of the phallic organ.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFC5FFD8FF7AFA49FB48F133" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFC5FFD8FF7AFA49FB48F133" blockId="16.[151,1437,1415,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FF7AFA49FEB7F037" bold="true" box="[199,322,1523,1549]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC5FFD8FE7DFA4EFD97F037" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[448,610,1524,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FE7DFA4EFD97F037" box="[448,610,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. conspersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC5FFD8FDCDFA4EFD16F037" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[624,739,1523,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterale">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FDCDFA4EFD16F037" box="[624,739,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. laterale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC5FFD8FD4CFA4EFC8AF037" authorityName=", Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[753,895,1523,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginale">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FD4CFA4EFC8AF037" box="[753,895,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. marginale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC5FFD8FC33FA4EFC18F037" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[910,1005,1524,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FC33FA4EFC18F037" box="[910,1005,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. minus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC5FFD8FB99FA4EFB40F037" authority="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello, 2022" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[1060,1205,1524,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sooretama" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FB99FA4EFB40F037" box="[1060,1205,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. sooretama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FB01FA49FAE3F037" bold="true" box="[1212,1302,1523,1549]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFC5FFD8FB01FA49FAE3F037" box="[1212,1302,1523,1549]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, but clearly distinguishable by the phallic organ, with a “large
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFC5FFD8FD5EF9ADFCE3F00B" box="[739,790,1559,1585]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
” sclerite of the ventral lobe (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FBD0F9ADFB41F00B" box="[1133,1204,1559,1585]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
, in green), which is semicircular in dorsal view and has only one protuberance, the left basal one (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FC44F981FBCBF06F" box="[1017,1086,1595,1621]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
: lp), which is distinctly divided into two regions. Although not exclusive of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC5FFD8FD37F9DAFCC5F043" authority="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello, 2022" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[650,816,1631,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FD37F9DAFCC5F043" box="[650,816,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. indistinctum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FC85F9E5FC66F043" bold="true" box="[824,915,1631,1657]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFC5FFD8FC85F9E5FC66F043" box="[824,915,1631,1657]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, the following features may also be useful for the identification of this species: small body length (
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFC5FFD8FD60F939FD07F0A7" box="[733,754,1667,1693]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
&lt;
<quantity id="4CE49B59FFC5FFD8FCB2F939FC95F0A4" box="[783,864,1667,1694]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="48.0">48 mm</quantity>
;
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD35FFC5FFD8FCD6F93EFC75F0A4" box="[875,896,1668,1694]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
&lt;
<quantity id="4CE49B59FFC5FFD8FC21F939FC1BF0A4" box="[924,1006,1667,1694]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="59.0">59 mm</quantity>
); tegmina shoulder pad developed into a sharp spine (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FE84F91DFE61F0F8" box="[313,404,1703,1730]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1407,182,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-22@17.[178,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (MZUSP 0154). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D, E. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral (D) and dorsal (E) views. F. Labels. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399558/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 7E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FE1DF91DFE21F0FB" box="[416,468,1703,1729]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,183,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@20.[196,1392,181,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (MZUSP 0153). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), ventral (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399566/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">10D</figureCitation>
); male cerci with spatulate apex (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FCF0F91DFC3FF0FB" box="[845,970,1703,1729]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,186,1099]" captionTargetId="figure-27@18.[151,1435,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 8A–C</figureCitation>
); vomer longer than wide (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FB44F91DFAA4F0FB" box="[1273,1361,1703,1729]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,186,1099]" captionTargetId="figure-27@18.[151,1435,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
); male subgenital plate with posterolateral margins forming a pair of approximately triangular expansions with malleable aspect (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FF51F955FEC7F133" box="[236,306,1775,1801]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,186,1099]" captionTargetId="figure-27@18.[151,1435,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
: arrows); female sternite VII with a rounded indentation on the posterior margin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFC5FFDDFF7AF8A9FE50F7B2" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFC5FFDBFF7AF8A9FBB5F4BF" blockId="16.[151,1437,1415,2017]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,646]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FF7AF8A9FD77F117" bold="true" box="[199,642,1811,1837]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Description of male. Color (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FDB0F8A9FDA0F117" box="[525,597,1811,1837]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1407,182,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-22@17.[178,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (MZUSP 0154). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D, E. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral (D) and dorsal (E) views. F. Labels. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399558/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FDDCF8A9FD87F117" box="[609,626,1811,1837]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,186,1099]" captionTargetId="figure-27@18.[151,1435,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">8</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Body mostly brown, grayish or black, with a pair of pale yellow or pale green lateral stripes extending along head, prothorax, mesothorax and costal region of tegmina and hindwing. Head black with pale yellow longitudinal lines. Pro- and mesonotum dark brown or black, with fairly dense pale yellow spots and dorsomedian line in the same yellow shade. Legs brownish, greenish or yellowish, usually with apex of femora and tibiae dark brown or black. Anal region of tegmina brown with pale yellow venation. Body ventrally brown; subgenital plate black-stained.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC5FFD8FDF7F87DFD05F1DB" bold="true" box="[586,752,1991,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Head (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC5FFD8FD24F87DFD15F1DB" box="[665,736,1991,2017]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1407,182,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-22@17.[178,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (MZUSP 0154). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D, E. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral (D) and dorsal (E) views. F. Labels. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399558/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Smooth; slightly longer than wide; sub-rectangular in dorsal view; vertex weakly convex. Compound eye very prominent, large, covering nearly half of head length, almost round in lateral view. Ocelli well-developed; median one distinctly separated from lateral pair. Antennae filiform, very long, distinctly surpassing end of abdomen; scape compressed dorsoventrally; pedicel cylindrical, slightly shorter than scape; first flagellomere about 3x longer than pedicel.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFC9CFA33FC2EF398" bold="true" box="[801,987,1416,1443]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Thorax (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC7FFDAFC3BFA32FC39F398" box="[902,972,1416,1442]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1407,182,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-22@17.[178,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (MZUSP 0154). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D, E. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral (D) and dorsal (E) views. F. Labels. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399558/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Prothorax smooth; about as long as head and distinctly narrower than it; weakly convex dorsally and ventrally, laterally flat. Pronotum sub-rectangular, with slight constriction on anterior third; anterolateral corners with rounded indentations, outlining openings of paired defensive glands; posterior margin convex; pair of gentle dorsolateral carinae originating posterior to defensive glands and extending until nearly posterior margin. Mesothorax slightly rugose, approximately 1.5x longer than prothorax; about as wide as prothorax on anterior half and gradually widening on posterior half. Mesonotum with weak longitudinal carina extending along each lateral margin; mesepisternum with more pronounced carina extending along ventral margin. Metathorax and median segment smooth; parallel-sided, as wide as posterior region of mesothorax; dorsally convex, laterally flat, weakly convex ventrally; metathorax about 3x longer than median segment; both combined almost 2x longer than mesothorax. Metepisternum with longitudinal carina extending along ventral margin.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFEF7F94BFE1CF130" bold="true" box="[330,489,1776,1803]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Legs (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC7FFDAFE2CF94AFE2CF130" box="[401,473,1776,1802]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1407,182,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-22@17.[178,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (MZUSP 0154). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D, E. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral (D) and dorsal (E) views. F. Labels. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399558/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Fairly long and slender. Profemur about as long as combined length of mesothorax, metathorax and median segment; curved and compressed basally; approximately trapezoidal in cross-section, with carinate edges and distinct ventromedian carina; anterodorsal carina weakly raised. Mesofemur slightly longer than pro- and mesothorax combined; 0.6x length of profemur. Metafemur slightly shorter than profemur. Meso- and metafemur sub-rectangular in cross-section, with dorsal and ventral faces slightly convex; edges weakly carinate; ventromedian carina absent. Tibiae slightly shorter than corresponding femur, about 2x longer than corresponding tarsus; rectangular or trapezoidal in cross-section; ventromedian carina absent; with conspicuous
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFABDF873FA63F1D9" box="[1280,1430,1993,2019]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">area apicalis</emphasis>
. Pro- and metabasitarsus slightly longer than following three tarsomeres combined; mesobasitarsus about as long as following three tarsomeres combined.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFDF6FF00FD0AF6EE" bold="true" box="[587,767,186,212]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Wings (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFD1AFF00FD05F6EE" box="[679,752,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1407,182,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-22@17.[178,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (MZUSP 0154). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D, E. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral (D) and dorsal (E) views. F. Labels. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399558/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Tegmina short, not reaching median region of metanotum; in dorsal view about 2.2x longer than wide; posterior margin gently rounded, apical margin rounded or weakly acuminate; shoulder pad developed into a sharp spine; anal region with conspicuous reticulate venation. Hindwing well-developed, reaching abdominal tergite VII.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFD08FE9CFC11F77A" bold="true" box="[693,996,294,320]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFC85FE9CFC4DF77A" box="[824,952,294,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1407,182,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-22@17.[178,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male, holotype (MZUSP 0154). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D, E. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral (D) and dorsal (E) views. F. Labels. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399558/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 7A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFC79FE9CFC20F77A" box="[964,981,294,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,186,1099]" captionTargetId="figure-27@18.[151,1435,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">8</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC6FFDBFB96FE9DFAB3F77A" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[1067,1350,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFB96FE9DFAB3F77A" box="[1067,1350,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Paraphasma conspersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, except for vomer with narrow basal region (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFDFDFEF1FD6CF75F" box="[576,665,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,186,1099]" captionTargetId="figure-27@18.[151,1435,181,1106]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., male terminalia. A–D. Terminalia in dorsal (A), lateral (B), ventral (C) and oblique caudal (D) views. E. Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFD12FEF0FC4FF75E" bold="true" box="[687,954,330,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Phallic organ (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFCDCFEF0FC5FF75E" box="[865,938,330,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Dorsal sclerite distinctly wider than long, roughly rectangular in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFD97FED5FD9BF7B3" box="[554,622,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
, in red); distal process short and wide, directed to the left, perpendicular in relation to longitudinal axis of organ (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFDEAFE29FD6EF797" box="[599,667,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
: dp). Dorsal and ventral lobes partially fused on left side. Dorsal lobe (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFF1DFE0DFF16F7EB" box="[160,227,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
: dl) subdivided into main body on the right and a dorsal smaller pouch on the left (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFBDBFE0DFB5FF7EB" box="[1126,1194,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
: asterisks). Sclerite of the ventral lobe of “large
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFC6FFDBFE0CFE61FE11F7CF" box="[433,484,475,501]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
” (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFE41FE61FDCAF7CF" box="[508,575,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
, in green), entirely covering inner face of ventral lobe and reaching outer face along posterior margin of lobe; in dorsal view roughly semicircular, with posterior margin rounded; right and central regions lacking protuberances; only left basal protuberance present (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFC22FD99FC10F407" box="[927,997,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
: lp). Left basal protuberance distinctly divided into two regions; anterior one larger, approximately lamellate, and posterior one small and rounded. One of base apodemes (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC6FFDBFEF2FDD1FE61F4BF" box="[335,404,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-265@19.[151,1435,669,1679]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., illustrations of the phallic organ. A. Dorsal view. B. Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view. C. Caudal view. D. Left view. E. Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021: fig. 8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
, in blue) projecting into dorsal lobe as a spatulate expansion.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF636634FFC4FFD9FF2AF82DFF0FF1CD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399558" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399558/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[178,1407,182,1920]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFC4FFD9FF2AF82DFF0FF1CD" blockId="17.[151,1436,1943,2040]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC4FFD9FF2AF82DFEE6F18A" bold="true" box="[151,275,1943,1968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC4FFD9FEA4F822FD1BF18A" authority="Chiquetto-Machado" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[281,750,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC4FFD9FEA4F822FDE8F18A" box="[281,541,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Paraphasma indistinctum</emphasis>
Chiquetto-Machado
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC4FFD9FD49F822FCB1F18A" bold="true" box="[756,836,1944,1968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFC4FFD9FD49F822FCB1F18A" box="[756,836,1944,1968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male, holotype (MZUSP 0154).
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC4FFD9FB2BF82DFB3BF195" bold="true" box="[1174,1230,1943,1967]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A–C.</emphasis>
Habitus, dorsal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC4FFD9FAC6F82DFA78F195" bold="true" box="[1403,1421,1943,1967]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
), lateral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC4FFD9FF58F806FF03F1EE" bold="true" box="[229,246,1980,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">B</emphasis>
) and ventral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC4FFD9FE39F801FE63F1E9" bold="true" box="[388,406,1979,2003]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C</emphasis>
) views.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC4FFD9FE51F806FDD7F1EE" bold="true" box="[492,546,1980,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D, E.</emphasis>
Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC4FFD9FC70F806FC2AF1EE" bold="true" box="[973,991,1980,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D</emphasis>
) and dorsal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC4FFD9FBD8F806FB83F1EE" bold="true" box="[1125,1142,1980,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">E</emphasis>
) views.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC4FFD9FB71F806FB2AF1EE" bold="true" box="[1228,1247,1980,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">F.</emphasis>
Labels. Scale bars = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF636634FFC7FFDAFF2AFBD0FBCEF2D4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399560" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399560/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[151,250,1130,1154]" targetBox="[151,1432,186,1099]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFC7FFDAFF2AFBD0FBCEF2D4" blockId="18.[151,1437,1130,1263]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFF2AFBD0FEE7F2B8" bold="true" box="[151,274,1130,1154]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC7FFDAFEAAFBD0FD19F2B8" authority="Chiquetto-Machado" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[279,748,1130,1154]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFEAAFBD0FDEEF2B8" box="[279,539,1130,1154]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Paraphasma indistinctum</emphasis>
Chiquetto-Machado
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFD4CFBD1FCB5F2B9" bold="true" box="[753,832,1131,1155]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFC7FFDAFD4CFBD1FCB5F2B9" box="[753,832,1131,1155]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male terminalia.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFC48FBD0FBD8F2B8" bold="true" box="[1013,1069,1130,1154]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A–D.</emphasis>
Terminalia in dorsal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFAB4FBD0FAEEF2B8" bold="true" box="[1289,1307,1130,1154]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A</emphasis>
), lateral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFAC0FBD1FA7BF2B9" bold="true" box="[1405,1422,1131,1155]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">B</emphasis>
), ventral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFF53FB34FEF5F29C" bold="true" box="[238,256,1166,1190]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
) and oblique caudal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFE5FFB35FE01F29D" bold="true" box="[482,500,1167,1191]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
) views.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC7FFDAFDF0FB35FD91F29D" bold="true" box="[589,612,1167,1191]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E.</emphasis>
Drawing of the vomer. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; S8, sternite VIII; SPa, anterior region of the subgenital plate; SPp, posterior region of the subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X; TP, thorn pad. Arrows = expansion of the posterolateral margin of the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF636634FFC6FFDBFF2AF91CFAE8F148" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399564" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399564/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[151,250,1702,1726]" targetBox="[151,1434,671,1678]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFC6FFDBFF2AF91CFAE8F148" blockId="19.[151,1436,1702,1907]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFF2AF91CFEE7F084" bold="true" box="[151,274,1702,1726]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC6FFDBFEA5F91CFD1BF084" authority="Chiquetto-Machado" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[280,750,1702,1726]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFEA5F91CFDE8F084" box="[280,541,1702,1726]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Paraphasma indistinctum</emphasis>
Chiquetto-Machado
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFD4EF91CFCB6F084" bold="true" box="[755,835,1702,1726]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFC6FFDBFD4EF91CFCB6F084" box="[755,835,1702,1726]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, illustrations of the phallic organ.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFB23F91CFB43F084" bold="true" box="[1182,1206,1702,1726]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A.</emphasis>
Dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFAFCF91CFAADF084" bold="true" box="[1345,1368,1702,1726]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">B.</emphasis>
Detail of the sclerite of the ventral lobe in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFD3CF970FD6FF0D8" bold="true" box="[641,666,1738,1762]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C.</emphasis>
Caudal view.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFC96F970FCB6F0D8" bold="true" box="[811,835,1738,1762]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">D.</emphasis>
Left view.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC6FFDBFC0BF970FC3BF0D8" bold="true" box="[950,974,1738,1762]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">E.</emphasis>
Right view. Abbreviations: b, base; dl, dorsal lobe; dp, distal process of the dorsal sclerite; lp, left basal protuberance of the sclerite of the ventral lobe; rbp, right basal pouch; vl, ventral lobe. Colors: light gray, membranous regions; red, dorsal sclerite; green, sclerite of the ventral lobe; blue, base apodemes. * = left ramification of the dorsal lobe. In D and E the final portion of the ejaculatory duct is represented by transparency with dotted lines. Images A, B, D and E adapted from
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4DFFC6FFDBFCF8F8E0FB3AF148" author="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. &amp; Cancello, E. M." box="[837,1231,1882,1906]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="158 - 198" refId="ref44573" refString="Chiquetto-Machado, P. I. &amp; Cancello, E. M. (2021) Cladistic analysis of Paraphasma (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae) highlights the importance of the phallic organ for phasmid systematics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 193, 158 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 004" type="journal article" year="2021">Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Cancello (2021</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 8).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF636634FFC1FFDCFF2AF8D2FCD6F1D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399566" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6399566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399566/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[151,250,1896,1920]" targetBox="[196,1391,183,1870]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFC1FFDCFF2AF8D2FCD6F1D6" blockId="20.[151,1436,1896,2028]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFF2AF8D2FED4F1BA" bold="true" box="[151,289,1896,1920]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC1FFDCFE95F8D2FCF5F1BA" authority="Chiquetto-Machado" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[296,768,1896,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFE95F8D2FDDBF1BA" box="[296,558,1896,1920]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Paraphasma indistinctum</emphasis>
Chiquetto-Machado
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFCBAF8D2FCADF1BA" bold="true" box="[775,856,1896,1920]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFC1FFDCFCBAF8D2FCADF1BA" box="[775,856,1896,1920]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female, paratype (MZUSP 0153).
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFB7EF8D2FB0EF1BA" bold="true" box="[1219,1275,1896,1920]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A–C.</emphasis>
Habitus, dorsal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFF1DF836FF47F19E" bold="true" box="[160,178,1932,1956]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A</emphasis>
), lateral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFEA9F836FED0F19E" bold="true" box="[276,293,1932,1956]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B</emphasis>
) and ventral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFE0FF836FE31F19E" bold="true" box="[434,452,1932,1956]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
) views.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFDA7F836FDC6F19E" bold="true" box="[538,563,1932,1956]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D.</emphasis>
Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFBADF836FBD2F19E" bold="true" box="[1040,1063,1932,1956]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">E.</emphasis>
Labels.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFBC0F836FB46F19E" bold="true" box="[1149,1203,1932,1956]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">F–H.</emphasis>
Terminalia, dorsal (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFAC3F836FA78F19E" bold="true" box="[1406,1421,1932,1956]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">F</emphasis>
), ventral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFF51F80AFEF5F1F2" bold="true" box="[236,256,1968,1992]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">G</emphasis>
) and lateral (
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC1FFDCFE35F80AFE69F1F2" bold="true" box="[392,412,1968,1992]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H</emphasis>
) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFC0FFDDFF7AFF2CFC6EF75F" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFF7AFF2CFD7CF68A" bold="true" box="[199,649,150,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Description of female. Color (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC0FFDDFD99FF2CFD8FF68A" box="[548,634,150,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,183,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@20.[196,1392,181,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (MZUSP 0153). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), ventral (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399566/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in male, except for sternite VII with posterior region black-stained, and subgenital plate with anterior region black-stained and posterior region light brown or greenish.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFA98FF01FE61F6C2" bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Head and thorax (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC0FFDDFF4AFF64FE72F6C2" box="[247,391,222,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,183,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@20.[196,1392,181,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (MZUSP 0153). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), ventral (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399566/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 10A–D</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in male.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFD96FF65FCE4F6C2" bold="true" box="[555,785,222,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Legs (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC0FFDDFDC9FF64FCF6F6C2" box="[628,771,222,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,183,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@20.[196,1392,181,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (MZUSP 0153). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), ventral (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399566/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 10A–D</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in male, but slightly shorter in relation to body, with profemur not surpassing combined length of mesothorax, metathorax and median segment; and anterodorsal carina of profemur distinctly raised medially.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFDF3FE9CFCB1F77A" bold="true" box="[590,836,294,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Wings (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC0FFDDFD14FE9CFCC3F77A" box="[681,822,294,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,183,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@20.[196,1392,181,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (MZUSP 0153). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), ventral (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399566/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 10A–D</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in male, but hindwing reaching abdominal tergite VIII.
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFF68FEF0FDC5F75E" bold="true" box="[213,560,330,356]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC0FFDDFEE4FEF0FDD6F75E" box="[345,547,330,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,183,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@20.[196,1392,181,1872]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphasma indistinctum Chiquetto-Machado sp. nov., female, paratype (MZUSP 0153). A–C. Habitus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C) views. D. Anterior region of the body, dorsolateral view. E. Labels. F–H. Terminalia, dorsal (F), ventral (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: Ce, cerci; PO, praeopercular organ; SP, subgenital plate; T8, T9, T10, tergites VIII, IX and X. Scale bars = 10 mm, unless otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399566/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 10A–C,F–H</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As in
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC0FFDDFDC4FEF1FC60F75E" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" box="[633,917,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFDC4FEF1FC60F75E" box="[633,917,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Paraphasma conspersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFC0FFDDFF7AFED5FE50F7B2" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,717]" box="[199,421,366,393]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFF7AFED5FE50F7B2" bold="true" box="[199,421,366,393]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Egg not examined.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFC0FFDDFF7AFE28FC63F423" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFC0FFDDFF7AFE28FC63F423" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFF7AFE28FDB6F796" bold="true" box="[199,579,402,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Distribution (
<figureCitation id="13272A39FFC0FFDDFED7FE28FE47F796" box="[362,434,402,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1433,1457]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,184,1406]" captionTargetId="figure-22@9.[151,1435,181,1409]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Paraphasma. Circles indicate records based on material examined; triangles indicate records from the literature (Stoll 1787; Serville 1839; Chopard 1911; Conle et al. 2011; Jourdan et al. 2014); stars indicate records of undetermined Paraphasma species based on Rehn (1906) and Piza (1939) (although these authors identified the specimens, the identifications are doubtful or insufficient)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6399542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6399542/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
: red circle).
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC0FFDDFDF1FE29FC9BF797" authority="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello, 2022" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[588,878,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFDF1FE29FC9BF797" box="[588,878,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Paraphasma indistinctum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFCCAFE29FC27F797" bold="true" box="[887,978,403,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFC0FFDDFCCAFE29FC27F797" box="[887,978,403,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is known only from the municipality of Itacoatiara, in the east of the Brazilian state of
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85EFFC0FFDDFD10FE0DFCD3F7EB" box="[685,806,439,465]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
, besides one NHMW specimen from ‘Alto Amazonas’. This imprecise locality possibly refers to the Solimões River, also known as Upper
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85EFFC0FFDDFBFCFE61FB42F7CF" box="[1089,1207,475,501]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
(= Alto
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85EFFC0FFDDFAABFE61FA64F7CF" box="[1302,1425,475,501]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
), and may correspond to a locality further west in the
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85EFFC0FFDDFD63FE45FC66F423" box="[734,915,511,537]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Amazonas state</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066537FFC0FFDDFF7AFD99FEE1F4F7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA336BCFFC0FFDDFF7AFD99FEE1F4F7" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFF7AFD99FECEF407" bold="true" box="[199,315,547,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Remarks.</emphasis>
Although the spine of the tegmina shoulder pads was damaged in many of the specimens studied, careful examination revealed that this spine was present in all individuals examined. The male of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC0FFDDFB48FDFDFA69F45B" authority="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello, 2022" authorityName="Chiquetto-Machado &amp; Morales &amp; Cancello" authorityYear="2022" box="[1269,1436,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFB48FDFDFA69F45B" box="[1269,1436,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. indistinctum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFF2AFDD1FF04F4BF" bold="true" box="[151,241,619,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57D5FFC0FFDDFF2AFDD1FF04F4BF" box="[151,241,619,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
housed at NHMW, herein designated as a
<typeStatus id="54A7881EFFC0FFDDFD73FDD1FCC4F4BF" box="[718,817,619,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, belongs to a series of specimens identified by Brunner and Redtenbacher as
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC0FFDDFE37FD35FD7AF493" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1835" box="[394,655,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFE37FD35FD7AF493" box="[394,655,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Paraphasma fasciatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is here considered a
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFC6BFD35FB88F493" box="[982,1149,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">nomen dubium</emphasis>
(see “Remarks” under
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3FFFC0FFDDFA35FD35FEF1F4F7" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Paraphasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciatum">
<emphasis id="B968EAAEFFC0FFDDFA35FD35FEF1F4F7" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">P. fasciatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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