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<document id="095B0EAEA9BFABDA9A646EA52DA46AB4" ID-CLB-Dataset="22142" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.312" ID-GBIF-Dataset="561d2129-c2be-4670-9aa7-96e948247157" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827336" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589469117322" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Groeninckx, Inge, Janssens, Steven, Smets, Erik &amp; Verstraete, Brecht" docDate="2017" docId="039E3C565A2BFF889D5800BCE6580AE3" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-312.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 312" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Astiella antsalovansis Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FFA7442E5A2DFF829F45044FE5770F45" masterDocTitle="Description of 11 new Astiella (Spermacoceae, Rubiaceae) species endemic to Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698839704049" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="E1E652FE0879E7033E24FA9F483DE29F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A18D5B47C6043928D7A6A74AAA1A1569">
<mods:title id="8C9E4DF5FAE2690F38F3B84EA67706C3">Description of 11 new Astiella (Spermacoceae, Rubiaceae) species endemic to Madagascar</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:role id="2B460BE690B4E0EFB1DF5A059A00478F">
<mods:roleTerm id="E8D8340EEDA5B5A8EBB32795B2815AC6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="63DBD42E1311C940AB64DEA0F1EFC41F">Groeninckx, Inge</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6D1FC300B605BF43AA1AA0A7642D7CA7">Plant Conservation and Population Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, P. O. Box 2435, 3001 Leuven, Belgium. &amp; Email: inge. groeninckx @ kuleuven. be</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AC6B8C279353C5791277B014AC5F3FE9" type="email">inge.groeninckx@kuleuven.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="7DA30CCA21BCEC5FEB8DBADB791215E5">
<mods:roleTerm id="4C82F67E2CDC63F04690FE187BA6D43D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="81125BF148FAD8C202877F447A369247">Janssens, Steven</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2C228873CF8C5F3B72CEEC23750C38FD">Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium. &amp; Email: steven. janssens @ botanicgardenmeise. be</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1017FA3EAB749976C2A55DB4F0305BAC" type="email">steven.janssens@botanicgardenmeise.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4D4F16E2E0940C66E0402E45F38E001F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="988DB69FDF7DD9961B5C9EB4BD86D4D8">
<mods:roleTerm id="492A21A37117857097B753E7974CE83D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BC2AB885E749DA04972BF7FBEFDA9FF4">Smets, Erik</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="606BA76D091926B1AA3E94BEFF75A3DA">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. &amp; Email: erik. smets @ naturalis. nl</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3F88B1B0E1BF153809618F4DBAF2AC4E" type="email">erik.smets@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FE2E59E3339B0D1DB4408708CB3EA7BD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1DF268A7D121A64877D4BC3E92E077A0">
<mods:roleTerm id="C1F41AB2870BFC5BA7160D1D086E995F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="56D50CD09482CC38258D09E552336BD6">Verstraete, Brecht</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="45CF52E6E70025925E101B6E9C7D6652">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Sølvgade 83 S, 1307 Copenhagen, Denmark. &amp; Corresponding author: brecht. verstraete @ snm. ku. dk</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="49F0053371142294E370396599478260" type="email">brecht.verstraete@snm.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="15CEF556FC5B8800C3F237E9754A4DB3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B7579FC9D7C8EDA1CDD8AE5990470C27">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="912D79D639E47BDCD0C9E07B17D05EA2">
<mods:date id="4220B3CAA03302EEAE557BDA1A83BEC0">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="56027874438D1444F62F41B54BABA342" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="175C87974FC6FFE061D8D6A57F404F9D">2017-04-25</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="B11D5D468206F961D583FBDDBEFBF96F" type="issue">
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<mods:classification id="A8E46B82C1EC6A3480C739CE9F70A52A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A4C38C3418846ECCADDFCEB5FA4FC044" type="CLB-Dataset">22142</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1CBCF56A5A5ECF3FFAFCB96676588D66" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2017.312</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="806A344C52980511C9BFCB9BFFBC20FE" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="61322FBB03672F2FA4ECB05E3A084DA7" type="Zenodo-Dep">3827336</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039E3C565A2BFF889D5800BCE6580AE3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3846888" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164151059" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3846888" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E3C565A2BFF889D5800BCE6580AE3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E3C565A2BFF889D5800BCE6580AE3" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A2BFF849D5800BCE1600A4B" box="[541,1047,1267,1294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2BFF849D5800BCE1600A4B" blockId="6.[463,1124,1267,1364]" box="[541,1047,1267,1294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A2BFF849D5800BCE1600A4B" box="[541,1047,1267,1294]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A2BFF849D5800BCE6C30A48" ID-CoL="8WRJB" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[541,948,1267,1294]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antsalovansis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A2BFF849D5800BCE6540A4B" bold="true" box="[541,803,1267,1294]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astiella antsalovansis</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A2BFF849CF900BBE1600A4B" box="[956,1047,1268,1294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A2BFF849E8A0159E6EB0A11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2BFF849E8A0159E1130A75" blockId="6.[463,1124,1267,1364]" box="[463,1124,1302,1328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">http://www.ipni.org/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77161713-1</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2BFF849DDD0176E6EB0A11" blockId="6.[463,1124,1267,1364]" box="[664,924,1337,1364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A2BFF849DDD0176E7800A11" box="[664,759,1337,1364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1854,1880]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,272,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[270,1317,265,1815]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Distribution maps. A. Astiella antongilensis Groeninckx sp. nov. B. A. antsalovansis Groeninckx sp. nov. C. A. confusa Groeninckx sp. nov. D. A. deblockiae Groeninckx sp. nov. E. A. delicatula Jovet. F. A. desseinii Groeninckx sp. nov. G. A. homolleae Groeninckx sp. nov. H. A. latifolia Groeninckx sp. nov. I. A. longifimbria Groeninckx sp. nov. J. A. perrieri Groeninckx sp. nov. K. A. pulla Groeninckx sp. nov. L. A. tsaratanensis Groeninckx sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827340/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A2BFF849C460175E6640A11" box="[771,787,1338,1364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1921,1947]" captionTargetBox="[316,1285,268,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[299,1287,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Astiella antsalovansis Groeninckx sp. nov. A. Habit. B. Longistylous flower. C. Open brevistylous flower. D. Open longistylous flower. E. Ovary dissected to show placentation. F. Capsule. Drawn by Marijke Meersman. A–E from Morat 4805 (P); F from Villiers, Klackenberg &amp; Badre 4788 (P)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827342/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A2BFF849C650175E6310A11" box="[800,838,1338,1364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,904,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,1399,901,1815]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of pollen in polar view (PV), the apocolpium (AC), pollen in equatorial view (EV) and the mesocolpium (ME). A. Astiella antsalovansis Groeninckx sp. nov. B. A. deblockiae Groeninckx sp. nov. C. A. delicatula Groeninckx sp. nov. D. A. desseinii Groeninckx sp. nov. Scale bars for A and C: PV, EV = 5 µm, AC = 1 µm, ME = 2 µm; for B and D: PV, EV = 5 µm, AC, ME = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827345/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A2BFF849C170176E6280A11" box="[850,863,1337,1364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,267,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[283,1305,265,1815]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of seeds and a detail of their surface. A–B. Astiella antsalovansisGroeninckx sp. nov.C–D.A. deblockiaeGroeninckx sp. nov.E–F.A. desseiniiGroeninckx sp. nov. G–I. A. delicatula Jovet. J–K. A. homolleae Groeninckx sp. nov. L–M. A. latifolia Groeninckx sp. nov. N–O. A. perrieri Groeninckx sp. nov. P–R. A. tsaratanensis Groeninckx sp. nov. Scale bars for A, C, E, J, L, N = 100 µm; B, I = 50 µm; D = 10 µm; F, K, M, O, R = 20 µm; G, H, P, Q = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827347/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5</figureCitation>
A–B
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A2BFF849FF80134E70F0914" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2BFF849FF80134E4410AD0" blockId="6.[189,310,1403,1429]" box="[189,310,1403,1429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A2BFF849FF80134E4410AD0" bold="true" box="[189,310,1403,1429]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A2BFF849FF80134E4410AD0" bold="true" box="[189,310,1403,1429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2BFF849FF801E6E70F0914" blockId="6.[189,1399,1449,1617]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A2BFF849FF801E6E4C80A86" authority="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete, 2017" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[189,447,1449,1475]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antsalovansis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A2BFF849FF801E6E4C80A86" box="[189,447,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astiella antsalovansis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A2BFF849E8D01E5E7550A81" box="[456,546,1450,1476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A2BFF849DED01E5E6710A86" authority="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete, 2017" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[680,774,1449,1476]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulla" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A2BFF849DED01E5E6710A86" box="[680,774,1449,1476]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. pulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A2BFF849C4A01E5E61D0A81" box="[783,874,1450,1476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in having black seeds with a reticulate seed coat surface consisting of 5- to 6-angular testa cells and in having a ring of trichomes inside the corolla tube, but differs in the slender inflorescence axes (vs more robust), 3 ovules per locule (vs 4 to 5 ovules per locule), and a shorter style that is included in brevistylous flowers (vs exserted), and fruits 1–2 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A2BFF849FF80279E44D0914" box="[189,314,1590,1617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3 mm</quantity>
(vs 1.5–3.4 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A2BFF849EAC0279E71B0914" box="[489,620,1590,1617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="3.3" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.6">2.6–4 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A2BFF849FF80237E0360985" box="[189,1345,1656,1729]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2BFF849FF80237E43309D7" blockId="6.[189,324,1656,1682]" box="[189,324,1656,1682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A2BFF849FF80237E43309D7" bold="true" box="[189,324,1656,1682]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A2BFF849FF80237E43309D7" bold="true" box="[189,324,1656,1682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2BFF849FF802E9E0360985" blockId="6.[189,1345,1702,1729]" box="[189,1345,1702,1729]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">The specific epithet refers to the Antsalova district where representative specimens were collected.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A2BFF8A9FF802A7E7450E29" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2BFF849FF802A7E58D0847" blockId="6.[189,250,1768,1794]" box="[189,250,1768,1794]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A2BFF849FF802A7E58D0847" bold="true" box="[189,250,1768,1794]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A2BFF849FF802A7E58D0847" bold="true" box="[189,250,1768,1794]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<typeStatus id="548C33E25A2BFF849FF802A7E58D0847" box="[189,250,1768,1794]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2BFF849FF80359E7D40811" blockId="6.[189,1399,1814,1876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A2BFF849FF80359E4E10875" box="[189,406,1814,1840]" name="Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A2BFF849EE70359E7EC0875" box="[418,667,1814,1840]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mahajanga province</collectingRegion>
, Melaky region, Antsalova district. Antsalova,
<date id="FF89AB805A2BFF849B960359E0060874" box="[1235,1393,1814,1841]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1959-02-23">23 Feb. 1959</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A2BFF849FF80376E4C60811" box="[189,433,1849,1876]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Botoalina 10301-RN</emphasis>
(holo-:
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A2BFF849D4A0375E7550811" box="[527,546,1850,1876]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
; iso-:
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A2BFF849D2F0375E7E10811" box="[618,662,1850,1876]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">BR</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2BFF849FF80334E74308D0" blockId="6.[189,564,1915,1941]" box="[189,564,1915,1941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A2BFF849FF80334E74308D0" bold="true" box="[189,564,1915,1941]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A2BFF849FF80334E74308D0" bold="true" box="[189,564,1915,1941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Additional material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2BFF8A9FF803E6E7450E29" blockId="6.[189,1399,1961,2023]" lastBlockId="8.[189,1398,267,364]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A2BFF849FF803E6E4E10886" box="[189,406,1961,1987]" name="Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A2BFF849EED03E6E7D50886" box="[424,674,1961,1987]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mahajanga province</collectingRegion>
, Melaky region, Antsalova district. Antsingy d’Antsalova, RN 9, en sous bois de forêt tropophile sur calcaire,
<date id="FF89AB805A2BFF849C6F0382E6E908A2" box="[810,926,1996,2023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1975-01">Jan. 1975</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A2BFF849CE80382E14D08A2" box="[941,1082,1997,2023]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Morat 4805</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A2BFF849B0E0382E12B08A2" box="[1099,1116,1997,2023]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A2BFF849B2F0382E1DE08A2" box="[1130,1193,1997,2023]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
);
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A2BFF849BFA0382E07D08A3" box="[1215,1290,1996,2023]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
ouest de Antsalova, sur dalle rocheuse en sous-bois,
<date id="FF89AB805A25FF8A9D930544E60A0E60" box="[726,893,267,294]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1993-03-17">17 Mar. 1993</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9CCB0544E6950E60" box="[910,994,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Villiers</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9CB10544E0370E63" box="[1012,1344,267,294]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Klackenberg &amp; Badre 4788</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A25FF8A9A110544E01F0E60" box="[1364,1384,267,293]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
);
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9FF80560E47F0E0D" box="[189,264,302,329]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
ESE Ankiliromotsy,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9D410561E7380E0D" box="[516,591,302,328]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="km" value="26.0">26 km</quantity>
SE Antsalova, sous couvert forêt tropophile,
<date id="FF89AB805A25FF8A9B290560E0790E0C" box="[1132,1294,303,329]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1993-03-30">30 Mar. 1993</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9A5E0560E0180E0C" box="[1307,1391,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Villiers</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9FF8051DE7770E29" box="[189,512,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Klackenberg &amp; Badre 4996</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A25FF8A9D54051DE7520E29" box="[529,549,338,364]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF48DDC85A2AFF859FF803CEE06908A4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827342" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827342/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[189,232,1921,1947]" targetBox="[316,1285,268,1882]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A2AFF859FF803CEE06908A4" blockId="7.[189,1398,1921,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B94351525A2AFF859FF803CEE47F08DE" bold="true" box="[189,264,1921,1947]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A2AFF859E4803CEE7ED08DE" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[269,666,1921,1947]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antsalovansis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A2AFF859E4803CEE77C08DE" box="[269,523,1921,1947]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Astiella antsalovansis</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A2AFF859DE503CEE78D08DE" box="[672,762,1921,1947]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A2AFF859DBA03CEE66308DE" bold="true" box="[767,788,1921,1947]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
. Habit.
<emphasis id="B94351525A2AFF859C2B03CEE6F508DE" bold="true" box="[878,898,1921,1947]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B</emphasis>
. Longistylous flower.
<emphasis id="B94351525A2AFF859BC403CEE1E108DE" bold="true" box="[1153,1174,1921,1947]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C</emphasis>
. Open brevistylous flower.
<emphasis id="B94351525A2AFF859E5203EBE45B08FB" bold="true" box="[279,300,1956,1982]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">D</emphasis>
. Open longistylous flower.
<emphasis id="B94351525A2AFF859D3C03EBE7FA08FB" bold="true" box="[633,653,1956,1982]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E</emphasis>
. Ovary dissected to show placentation.
<emphasis id="B94351525A2AFF859B2B03EBE1F708FB" bold="true" box="[1134,1152,1956,1982]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">F</emphasis>
. Capsule. Drawn by Marijke Meersman. A–E from
<emphasis id="B94351525A2AFF859D620387E7C408A4" box="[551,691,1991,2017]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Morat 4805</emphasis>
(P); F from
<emphasis id="B94351525A2AFF859C000388E19B08A4" box="[837,1260,1991,2018]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Villiers, Klackenberg &amp; Badre 4788</emphasis>
(P).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A25FF889FF805DCE6070C57" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A25FF8A9FF805DCE4390EE8" blockId="8.[189,334,403,429]" box="[189,334,403,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A25FF8A9FF805DCE4390EE8" bold="true" box="[189,334,403,429]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9FF805DCE4390EE8" bold="true" box="[189,334,403,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A25FF889FF8058DE6070C57" blockId="8.[189,1399,450,864]" lastBlockId="10.[189,1399,267,786]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Annual herb, erect, up to
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9EBE058DE73F0E99" box="[507,584,450,476]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
tall; stems quadrangular in cross section, only sparsely branching, glabrous or scabrate particularly at the nodes. Stipule base
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9C3905AAE68F0EBA" box="[892,1016,485,512]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 mm</quantity>
long, puberulent; fimbriae 4–6,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9FF80647E43B0D66" box="[189,332,520,547]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.4 mm</quantity>
long, colleter-tipped. Leaves petiolate; petioles
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9C3E0647E69C0D66" box="[891,1003,520,547]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="1.0">1–15 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous or scabrate; blades narrowly ovate to ovate, 10 –60 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9D1C0664E7880D03" box="[601,767,555,582]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="3.05" metricValueMin="0.35" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="30.5" valueMin="3.5">3.5–30.5 mm</quantity>
, glabrous or sparsely to densely scabrate particularly on the veins and towards the margin; base attenuate; apex acute; midvein prominent particularly below; secondary veins 3–6 on each side of the midvein, prominent below; intersecondaries visible. Inflorescences terminal or pseudo-axillary, lax compound dichasia, multi-flowered, resembling a scorpioid cyme, rarely axillary and then few-flowered and compact; peduncle
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9B1106F7E1B00D96" box="[1108,1223,696,723]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="28.0" valueMax="56.0" valueMin="0.0">0–56 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous or scabrate; inflorescence axes slender. Pedicels absent or
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9C180694E6AE0DB3" box="[861,985,731,758]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous or scabrate. Flowers heterostylous. Calyx green; tube reduced; lobes 4, triangular, 1–2 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9CAA06B0E1F00C5C" box="[1007,1159,766,793]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.5 mm</quantity>
, sparsely to densely scabrate or covered with long trichomes, particularly on the margin. Corolla white, pale pink in the throat; tube funnel-shaped,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9D40070AE7E00C1A" box="[517,663,837,864]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.5 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9DA0070AE60D0C1A" box="[741,890,837,863]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.6 mm</quantity>
wide at the base and
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A25FF8A9BC4070AE0610C1A" box="[1153,1302,837,864]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
wide at the throat, with a few trichomes outside, with a ring of trichomes inside; lobes 4, ligulate, 1.3–1.6 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889FF80561E4260E0C" box="[189,337,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.6 mm</quantity>
in brevistylous flowers, 0.8–1.2 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889DB60561E6F00E0C" box="[755,903,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
in longistylous flowers, glabrous outside, covered with trichomes inside. Stamens inserted near the base of the corolla lobes and exserted for ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889F9A053AE4540ECA" box="[223,291,373,399]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
beyond the corolla throat in brevistylous flowers, inserted in the lower half of the corolla tube and included or only the apices exserted in longistylous flowers. Anthers ellipsoid,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889BF005D7E0470EF6" box="[1205,1328,408,435]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1 mm</quantity>
long; filaments dorsifixed, ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889E9305F4E7470E93" box="[470,560,443,470]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long in brevistylous flowers,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889CC805F4E1560E93" box="[909,1057,443,470]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.4 mm</quantity>
long in longistylous flowers. Pollen 7-colporate, suboblate; E 32–33 μm; P 28–31 μm; ectocolpi short; endocolpi short; tectum aperforate, granulate. Ovary 2-locular, broadly obpyramidal, 0.4–0.7 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889B55064DE1D00D59" box="[1040,1191,514,541]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
, glabrous or with a few trichomes; placenta attached near the middle of the septum, stalked, globose, bearing 3 ovules per locule. Style
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889EC00607E48B0D26" box="[389,508,584,611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.0">1–1.2 mm</quantity>
long and included in brevistylous flowers,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889CBD0607E1010D26" box="[1016,1142,584,611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2 mm</quantity>
long and exserted for
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889FF80624E4390DC3" box="[189,334,619,646]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.8 mm</quantity>
beyond the corolla throat in longistylous flowers, glabrous; stigma bilobed, lobes
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889A5C0624E59C0DEC" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
long, papillate, pale blue. Capsules broadly depressed obovoid, 1–2 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889B6606C1E1D50DEC" box="[1059,1186,654,681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3 mm</quantity>
, crowned with the persistent calyx lobes, glabrous, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 1 per locule, elliptic in outline, ventral groove absent, 0.7–1 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889EA5069AE70D0DAA" box="[480,634,725,752]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.6 mm</quantity>
, black; seed coat surface reticulate, 5- to 6-angular testa cells, microsculpturing verruculate, central pit in tangential wall.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF48DDC85A25FF8A9FF80370E4F208A3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827345" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827345/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[189,232,1855,1881]" targetBox="[189,1399,904,1815]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A25FF8A9FF80370E4F208A3" blockId="8.[189,1399,1855,2022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9FF80370E47C081C" bold="true" box="[189,267,1855,1881]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of pollen in polar view (PV), the apocolpium (AC), pollen in equatorial view (EV) and the mesocolpium (ME).
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9C22032DE60B0839" bold="true" box="[871,892,1890,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A25FF8A9CCC032DE0600839" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[905,1303,1890,1916]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antsalovansis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9CCC032DE1FF0839" box="[905,1160,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Astiella antsalovansis</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A25FF8A9A59032DE0000839" box="[1308,1399,1890,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9FF803CAE5A608DA" bold="true" box="[189,209,1925,1951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A25FF8A9FA503C9E76408DA" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[224,531,1925,1952]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deblockiae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9FA503C9E4F708DA" box="[224,384,1925,1952]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. deblockiae</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A25FF8A9D5903C9E70108E5" box="[540,630,1926,1952]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9D3B03CAE7E408DA" bold="true" box="[638,659,1925,1951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A25FF8A9DE603C9E6BB08DA" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx" authorityYear="2017" box="[675,972,1925,1952]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="delicatula" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9DE603C9E64E08DA" box="[675,825,1925,1952]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. delicatula</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A25FF8A9C9003C9E15808E5" box="[981,1071,1926,1952]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9B7203CAE13B08DA" bold="true" box="[1079,1100,1925,1951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A25FF8A9B1903C9E00108DA" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[1116,1398,1925,1952]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="desseinii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A25FF8A9B1903C9E19308DA" box="[1116,1252,1925,1952]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. desseinii</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A25FF8A9FF803E6E46F0886" box="[189,280,1961,1987]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Scale bars for A and C: PV, EV = 5 µm, AC = 1 µm, ME = 2 µm; for B and D: PV, EV = 5 µm, AC, ME = 1 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF48DDC85A24FF8B9FF80370E00408A3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827347" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827347/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[189,232,1855,1881]" targetBox="[283,1305,267,1815]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A24FF8B9FF80370E00408A3" blockId="9.[189,1399,1855,2022]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9FF80370E47C081C" bold="true" box="[189,267,1855,1881]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of seeds and a detail of their surface.
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9B930370E07A081C" bold="true" box="[1238,1293,1855,1881]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A–B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A24FF8B9A580370E49D0839" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antsalovansis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9A580370E42A0839" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Astiella antsalovansis</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A24FF8B9EAB032DE73F0839" box="[494,584,1890,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9D0E032DE7F00839" bold="true" box="[587,647,1890,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C–D</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A24FF8B9DD4032DE6CA0839" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[657,957,1890,1916]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deblockiae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9DD4032DE6470839" box="[657,816,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. deblockiae</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A24FF8B9C84032DE16C0839" box="[961,1051,1890,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9B5B032DE12F0839" bold="true" box="[1054,1112,1890,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E–F</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A24FF8B9B27032DE0010839" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[1122,1398,1890,1916]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="desseinii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9B27032DE19E0839" box="[1122,1257,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. desseinii</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A24FF8B9FF803C9E46F08E5" box="[189,280,1926,1952]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9E5903CAE42408DA" bold="true" box="[284,339,1925,1951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G–I</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A24FF8B9E1A03C9E72408DA" authority="Jovet. J" authorityName="Jovet. J" box="[351,595,1925,1952]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="delicatula">
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9E1A03C9E48208DA" box="[351,501,1925,1952]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. delicatula</emphasis>
Jovet.
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9D0103CAE72408DA" bold="true" box="[580,595,1925,1951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">J</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9D1303CAE70808DA" bold="true" box="[598,639,1925,1951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–K</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A24FF8B9DCE03C9E6C208DA" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[651,949,1925,1952]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="homolleae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9DCE03C9E65208DA" box="[651,805,1925,1952]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. homolleae</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A24FF8B9CFF03C9E16208E5" box="[954,1045,1926,1952]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9B5C03CAE12A08DA" bold="true" box="[1049,1117,1925,1951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">L–M</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A24FF8B9B2C03C9E00108DA" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[1129,1398,1925,1952]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9B2C03C9E19008DA" box="[1129,1255,1925,1952]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. latifolia</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A24FF8B9FF803E6E46F0886" box="[189,280,1961,1987]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9E6403E7E4170887" bold="true" box="[289,352,1960,1986]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N–O</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A24FF8B9E3403E6E7F40887" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[369,643,1960,1987]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perrieri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9E3403E6E4980887" box="[369,495,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. perrieri</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A24FF8B9DC803E6E79F0886" box="[653,744,1961,1987]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9DB403E6E65D0886" bold="true" box="[753,810,1961,1987]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P–R</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A24FF8B9C7E03E6E1F90887" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[827,1166,1960,1987]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tsaratanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A24FF8B9C7E03E6E68D0887" box="[827,1018,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. tsaratanensis</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A24FF8B9BDD03E6E1840886" box="[1176,1267,1961,1987]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Scale bars for A, C, E, J, L, N = 100 µm; B, I = 50 µm; D = 10 µm; F, K, M, O, R = 20 µm; G, H, P, Q = 200 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A27FF889FF80776E17B0CC7" box="[189,1036,825,899]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A27FF889FF80776E4210C16" blockId="10.[189,342,825,851]" box="[189,342,825,851]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A27FF889FF80776E4210C16" bold="true" box="[189,342,825,851]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A27FF889FF80776E4210C16" bold="true" box="[189,342,825,851]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A27FF889FF80726E17B0CC7" blockId="10.[189,1036,872,899]" box="[189,1036,872,899]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
W
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A27FF889F9A0727E4060CC7" box="[223,369,872,898]" name="Madagascar" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A27FF889E380727E7070CC7" box="[381,624,872,898]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Mahajanga province</collectingRegion>
, Melaky region, Antsalova district.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A27FF889FF807E6E6AB0CB7" box="[189,988,937,1011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A27FF889FF807E6E46A0C86" blockId="10.[189,285,937,963]" box="[189,285,937,963]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A27FF889FF807E6E46A0C86" bold="true" box="[189,285,937,963]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A27FF889FF807E6E46A0C86" bold="true" box="[189,285,937,963]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A27FF889FF80796E6AB0CB7" blockId="10.[189,988,984,1011]" box="[189,988,984,1011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Western humid and sub-humid forest; calcareous or rocky substrate.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A27FF889FF80055E4300B27" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A27FF889FF80055E4E30B71" blockId="10.[189,404,1050,1076]" box="[189,404,1050,1076]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A27FF889FF80055E4E30B71" bold="true" box="[189,404,1050,1076]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A27FF889FF80055E4E30B71" bold="true" box="[189,404,1050,1076]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Vernacular name</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A27FF889FF80007E4300B27" blockId="10.[189,327,1096,1122]" box="[189,327,1096,1122]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Masonkary.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A27FF889FF800C6E6580AE3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A27FF889FF800C6E4C20BE1" blockId="10.[189,437,1161,1188]" box="[189,437,1161,1188]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A27FF889FF800C6E4C20BE1" bold="true" box="[189,437,1161,1188]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A27FF889FF800C6E4C20BE1" bold="true" box="[189,437,1161,1188]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Conservation status</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A27FF889FF800F7E6580AE3" blockId="10.[189,1399,1208,1446]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
The species is known from four localities from the Antsalova district. It is probable that the species grows within the Tsingy de Bemaraha National Park. The extent of occurrence is estimated between 100 and
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889FAA00B1E4290A5D" box="[239,350,1278,1305]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="km" value="5000.0">5,000 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C4220085A27FF889E2400B2E41D0A4E" attach="right" box="[353,362,1277,1291]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2</superScript>
. The area of occupancy is estimated between 10 and
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A27FF889CA700B1E14C0A5D" box="[994,1083,1278,1305]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C4220085A27FF889B7800B2E1310A4E" attach="right" box="[1085,1094,1277,1291]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2</superScript>
. The number of locations is two: i.e. populations within the protected area and populations outside the protected area. The human pressure on the environment within the region is very high. A decline in the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, and area, extent, and/or quality of habitat is therefore very likely. The species is therefore considered endangered: EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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