treatments-xml/data/03/99/DA/0399DA2B7F3DA81AFF33FAE3FC96F210.xml

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<mods:title id="980EDC2129F386028EECD3E2D9A5AB63">Contributions to the knowledge of the genus Tonkinaphaenops Deuve, 2013 from China and Vietnam (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="0399DA2B7F3DA81AFF33FAE3FC96F210" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5929258" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160605348" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5929258" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399DA2B7F3DA81AFF33FAE3FC96F210" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399DA2B7F3DA81AFF33FAE3FC96F210" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3DA81FFF33FAE3FCECF5B5" blockId="2.[151,820,1407,1470]" box="[151,820,1407,1434]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F3DA81FFF33FAE3FD11F5B6" ID-CoL="8MKRY" authority="Huang &amp; Tian" authorityName="Huang &amp; Tú &amp; Phú &amp; Tian &amp; Faille" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,713,1407,1434]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yinquanicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3DA81FFF33FAE3FDD2F5B5" bold="true" box="[151,522,1407,1434]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus</emphasis>
Huang &amp; Tian
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, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2770A547F3DA81FFD72FA1CFCECF5B5" box="[726,820,1408,1434]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C32A38B67F3DA81FFF33FA3FFE53F591" box="[151,395,1443,1470]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3DA81FFF33FA3FFE53F591" blockId="2.[151,820,1407,1470]" box="[151,395,1443,1470]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
(
<figureCitation id="130B77B87F3DA81FFF3BFA3FFF35F591" box="[159,237,1443,1470]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1801,1826]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,877,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,877,1781]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Tonkinaphaenops Deuve, 2013" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557805/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="130B77B87F3DA81FFF5FFA3FFEFFF591" box="[251,295,1443,1470]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1997,2022]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1967,1992]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1970,1995]" captionTargetBox-1="[162,1426,1177,1831]" captionTargetBox-2="[166,1422,174,1951]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[405,1182,174,1978]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1437,1165,1849]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[166,1422,174,1951]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus sp. nov., habitus of holotype, male." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus sp. nov. (A. median lobe and parameres, lateral view; B. apical lobe, dorsal view)." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. Cave Yinquan Dong, type locality of Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus sp. nov. (A. entrance; B. a running individual of Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3614840" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557809" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557811" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3614840/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3557809/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3557811/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">3–5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="130B77B87F3DA81FFE97FA38FE5BF591" box="[307,387,1444,1470]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1912,1937]" captionTargetBox="[214,1391,181,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[189,1398,181,1887]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 14. Chaetotaxal pattern of Tonkinaphaenops (A. Tonkinaphaenops marinae Deuve, 2013, holotype, male from cave TH20; B, C. Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus sp. nov.: B. male from Yinquan Dong, C. female from Yinquan Dong; D. Tonkinaphaenops impunctatus sp. nov., male from Hang Rắn cave; E. Tonkinaphaenops jingxicus sp. nov., female from Nianluo Dong; F. Tonkinaphaenops anthonyi sp. nov., male from Hang Dõi cave)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557823/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">14B, C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3DA81FFF33FA70FD9CF662" blockId="2.[151,1437,1515,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<materialsCitation id="3B5861607F3DA81FFF33FA70FB23F605" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2460169370" collectingDate="2018-01-31" collectionCode="SCAU" collectorName="Sunbin Huang &amp; Dianmei Wang &amp; Mengzhen Chen &amp; Ruiqi Han" country="China" county="Jingxi" elevation="698" latitude="22.891777" location="Nianlong" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.33878" municipality="Longbang" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3DA81FFF33FA70FED3F629" bold="true" box="[151,267,1516,1542]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<typeStatus id="548BD59F7F3DA81FFF33FA70FEDEF629" box="[151,262,1516,1542]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
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<specimenCount id="9D36A0B47F3DA81FFEB5FA70FEF1F629" box="[273,297,1516,1542]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingCountry id="F3272BAD7F3DA81FFE90FA77FEA3F62A" box="[308,379,1515,1541]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">China</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="49F4A5DF7F3DA81FFE21FA77FE32F62A" box="[389,490,1515,1541]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="62EE13B17F3DA81FFE57FA77FDE4F62A" box="[499,572,1515,1541]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Jingxi</collectingCounty>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEBF1477F3DA81FFDE1FA77FD63F62A" box="[581,699,1515,1541]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Longbang</collectingMunicipality>
: 
<location id="8EEF3DE67F3DA81FFD60FA77FCE9F62A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399DA2B7F3DA81AFF33FAE3FC96F210:8EEF3DE67F3DA81FFD60FA77FCE9F62A" box="[708,817,1515,1541]" country="China" county="Jingxi" latitude="22.891777" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.33878" municipality="Longbang" name="Nianlong" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="Guangxi">Nianlong</location>
: 
<location id="8EEF3DE67F3DA81FFC9EFA70FBC2F629" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0399DA2B7F3DA81AFF33FAE3FC96F210:8EEF3DE67F3DA81FFC9EFA70FBC2F629" box="[826,1050,1515,1542]" country="China" county="Jingxi" latitude="22.891777" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.33878" municipality="Longbang" name="cave Yinquan Dong" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="Guangxi">cave Yinquan Dong</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE040DFA7F3DA81FFB80FA77FB0CF629" box="[1060,1236,1515,1542]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" precision="1" seconds="30.40" value="22.891777">22°53’30.40’’N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE040DFA7F3DA81FFB7EFA77FA4FF629" box="[1242,1431,1515,1542]" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" precision="1" seconds="19.60" value="106.33878">106°20’19.60’’E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC8C6D87F3DA81FFF33F993FF3BF605" box="[151,227,1551,1578]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9799999999999995" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="698.0">
<elevation id="001D8C0E7F3DA81FFF33F993FF3BF605" box="[151,227,1551,1578]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9799999999999995" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="698.0">698 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; coll. 
<collectorName id="26C50EEB7F3DA81FFE8DF993FE15F605" box="[297,461,1551,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Sunbin Huang</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26C50EEB7F3DA81FFE7EF993FD5FF605" box="[474,647,1551,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Dianmei Wang</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26C50EEB7F3DA81FFD37F993FC97F606" box="[659,847,1551,1577]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Mengzhen Chen</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26C50EEB7F3DA81FFCF8F993FC0CF605" box="[860,980,1551,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Ruiqi Han</collectorName>
; 
<date id="FF8E4DFD7F3DA81FFC45F98CFB78F605" box="[993,1184,1552,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" value="2018-01-31">
<collectingDate id="EFCAB4157F3DA81FFC45F98CFB78F605" box="[993,1184,1552,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" value="2018-01-31">31 January 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED21F3F87F3DA81FFB09F98CFB23F605" box="[1197,1275,1552,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">SCAU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B5861607F3DA81FFAA3F98CFD98F662" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2460169372" collectingDate="2018-01-31" collectionCode="SCAU" collectorName="Sunbin Huang &amp; Dianmei Wang &amp; Mengzhen Chen &amp; Ruiqi Han" country="China" county="Jingxi" elevation="698" latitude="22.891777" location="Nianlong" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.33878" municipality="Longbang" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="548BD59F7F3DA81FFAA3F98CFA59F605" box="[1287,1409,1552,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D36A0B47F3DA81FFA2AF98CFF19F661" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="9D36A0B47F3DA81FFF5CF9A8FEE0F661" box="[248,312,1588,1614]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C32A38B67F3DA818FF63F9CBFA54F418" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3DA81FFF63F9CBFD6FF6B9" blockId="2.[151,1437,1515,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3DA81FFF63F9CBFE81F65D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1623,1650]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Description.</emphasis>
Length: 
<quantity id="4CC8C6D87F3DA81FFE19F9CBFD9CF65D" box="[445,580,1623,1650]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="5.9" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="5.6">5.6–6.2 mm</quantity>
(from apical margin of labrum to elytral apex), 6.0– 
<quantity id="4CC8C6D87F3DA81FFB29F9CBFB3AF65D" box="[1165,1250,1623,1650]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="6.7">6.7 mm</quantity>
(including mandibles); width: 2.0– 
<quantity id="4CC8C6D87F3DA81FFED7F9E0FE13F6B9" box="[371,459,1660,1686]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
. Habitus as in 
<figureCitation id="130B77B87F3DA81FFDCBF9E7FD6AF6B9" box="[623,690,1659,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1997,2022]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[405,1182,174,1978]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus sp. nov., habitus of holotype, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3614840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3614840/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3DA81FFF63F903FAD3F72E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1515,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
Similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F3DA81FFE9BF93CFE61F696" authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="2013" box="[319,441,1696,1721]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marinae">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3DA81FFE9BF93CFE61F696" box="[319,441,1696,1721]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">T. marinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Fore body long and narrow, hind body elongated obovate, strongly convex on dorsum; concolourously light brown or reddish-brown, but antennae, palps and tarsi slightly lighter at the apical parts; pronotum glabrous on its dorsal surface, sparsely pubescent on the head and densely pubescent on elytra.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3DA818FF63F897FCF8F0D4" blockId="2.[151,1437,1515,2010]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,153,1151]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
Head elongate, subparallel-sided; frontal furrows variable in length, effaced near neck constriction in most individuals, clypeus quadrisetose, secondary setae seen in only one individual; right mandible retinacular tooth with 2 (
<specimenCount id="9D36A0B47F3DA81FFF11F8CFFF35F741" box="[181,237,1875,1902]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="generic">6 ex.</specimenCount>
) or 3 (
<specimenCount id="9D36A0B47F3DA81FFE98F8C8FEA9F741" box="[316,369,1876,1902]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
) cusps. Head slightly longer than wide, widest at about the middle, HLm/HW = 1.5–1.9 (mean 1.8), HLl/HW = 1.1–1.3 (mean 1.2); eyes absent, two pairs of supraorbital pores present; labrum reverse trapezoidal, 6-setose; mentum and submentum fused; mentum bisetose, mental tooth small, subtriangular at apex; submentum 6- setose; ligula broadened at tip, multi-setose; labial palpomere 2 bisetose on inner margin, with two additional setae on outer side at subapical and apical portions; maxillary palpomere glabrous; antennae filiform, extending to middle of elytra; scape with several setae; the 2 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FDF5FF20FDA9F0F8" attach="none" box="[593,625,188,215]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">nd–</superScript>
11 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FD2EFF20FD4FF0E5" attach="left" box="[650,663,188,202]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">th</superScript>
antennomeres pubescent; 2 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FC6FFF20FC03F0E5" attach="left" box="[971,987,188,202]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">nd</superScript>
antennomere slightly longer than scape; the 5 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FF6AFF7CFF03F0C1" attach="left" box="[206,219,224,238]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">th</superScript>
antennomere the longest, a little longer than the 4 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FCA8FF7CFCC1F0C1" attach="none" box="[780,793,224,238]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">th</superScript>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4F3BB57F3CA81EFF33F851FC1BF7C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557807" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3557807" box="[151,963,1997,2022]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557807/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" startId="3.[151,250,1997,2022]" targetBox="[188,1398,175,1963]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3CA81EFF33F851FC1BF7C9" blockId="3.[151,963,1997,2022]" box="[151,963,1997,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3CA81EFF33F851FECBF7C9" bold="true" box="[151,275,1997,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F3CA81EFEBDF852FD68F7C9" authority="Deuve, 2013" authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="2013" box="[281,688,1998,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marinae">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3CA81EFEBDF852FDFEF7C9" box="[281,550,1998,2022]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Tonkinaphaenops marinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA116CC7F3CA81EFD88F853FD68F7C9" author="Deuve, T." box="[556,688,1998,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" pagination="209 - 214" refId="ref6294" refString="Deuve, T. (2013) Un nouveau Trechini troglobie du Vietnam septentrional (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Trechidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 118 (2), 209 - 214." type="journal article" year="2013">Deuve, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, habitus of holotype, male.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4F3BB57F3BA819FF33F851FC61F7C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3614840" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3614840" box="[151,953,1997,2022]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3614840/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" targetBox="[428,1165,202,1959]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3BA819FF33F851FC61F7C9" blockId="4.[151,953,1997,2022]" box="[151,953,1997,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3BA819FF33F851FECBF7C9" bold="true" box="[151,275,1997,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F3BA819FEBDF852FD94F7C9" authority="Huang &amp; Tú &amp; Phú &amp; Tian &amp; Faille, 2019" authorityName="Huang &amp; Tú &amp; Phú &amp; Tian &amp; Faille" authorityYear="2019" box="[281,588,1998,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yinquanicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3BA819FEBDF852FD94F7C9" box="[281,588,1998,2022]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3BA819FDF6F852FD7BF7C9" bold="true" box="[594,675,1998,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2770A547F3BA819FDF6F852FD7BF7C9" box="[594,675,1998,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, habitus of holotype, male.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3AA818FF63FE99FB98F1D8" blockId="5.[151,1437,153,1151]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Pronotum nearly barrel-shaped; slightly wider than head, PW/HW = 1.0–1.3 (mean 1.2), longer than wide, PW/ PL = 0.7–0.8 (mean 0.8), width of base subequal to front, PbW/PfW = 0.9–1.0 (mean 1.0); front angles obtuse and blunt; disc convex, smooth, the median line distinct but fine and superficial, meeting and passing slightly through the apical transverse impression and basal transverse impression, not reaching the margins of both front and base; hind angles thick and blunt; lateral margins bordered throughout, although reduced in the middle part and slightly sinuate before hind angles; two marginal setae present, anterior located at the level of one fifths from the front and the posterior a little before hind angle; basal foveae well-marked, deep and oblique.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3AA818FF63FD9DFBD8F314" blockId="5.[151,1437,153,1151]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
Elytra amygdaloid and strongly convex in dorsum, with humeral part rounder than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F3AA818FB37FD9EFAD4F234" authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="2013" box="[1171,1292,514,539]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marinae">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3AA818FB37FD9EFAD4F234" box="[1171,1292,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">T. marinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; longer than wide, EL/EW = 1.5–1.7 (mean 1.6), widest at about 1/3 from base, about twice as wide as pronotum, EW/PW = 1.9–2.1 (mean 2.0), more than two times longer than pronotum, EL/PL = 2.3–2.6 (mean 2.5); striae shallow, rendered by alignments of strong foveae, faded in the apical 1/3 of the elytron; chaetotaxy as in 
<figureCitation id="130B77B87F3AA818FB3FFDF1FAF8F2A8" box="[1179,1312,621,647]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1912,1937]" captionTargetBox="[214,1391,181,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[189,1398,181,1887]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 14. Chaetotaxal pattern of Tonkinaphaenops (A. Tonkinaphaenops marinae Deuve, 2013, holotype, male from cave TH20; B, C. Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus sp. nov.: B. male from Yinquan Dong, C. female from Yinquan Dong; D. Tonkinaphaenops impunctatus sp. nov., male from Hang Rắn cave; E. Tonkinaphaenops jingxicus sp. nov., female from Nianluo Dong; F. Tonkinaphaenops anthonyi sp. nov., male from Hang Dõi cave)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557823/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Fig. 14B, C</figureCitation>
: basal pore present at the beginning of the 2 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FDADFD0CFDC1F2B1" attach="left" box="[521,537,656,670]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">nd</superScript>
stria; the 3 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FD3EFD0CFD70F2B1" attach="left" box="[666,680,656,670]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">rd</superScript>
stria with dorsal setiferous pores variable in number and position; preapical pore located at the apical anastomosis of the 2 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FCA8FD28FCC4F2ED" attach="left" box="[780,796,692,706]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">nd</superScript>
and 3 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FCC6FD28FCA8F2ED" attach="left" box="[866,880,692,706]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">rd</superScript>
striae; 2 apical pores present, the posterior one is much smaller; the 1 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FED2FD44FE59F2C9" attach="left" box="[374,385,728,742]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">st</superScript>
pore of the humeral group of marginal umbilicate series moved to the location of the 7 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FAFCFD44FABDF2C9" attach="left" box="[1368,1381,728,742]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">th</superScript>
stria and a little before the 2 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FE3CFD60FE70F325" attach="left" box="[408,424,764,778]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">nd</superScript>
pore, distance between the 3 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FD4EFD60FD20F325" attach="left" box="[746,760,764,778]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">rd</superScript>
and 4 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FC98FD60FC91F325" attach="left" box="[828,841,764,778]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">th</superScript>
pores is as long as or a little longer than that between the 2 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FF6AFCBCFF06F301" attach="left" box="[206,222,800,814]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">nd</superScript>
and 3 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F3AA818FE87FCBCFEE9F301" attach="none" box="[291,305,800,814]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">rd</superScript>
; two pores of the middle group at about 3/5 of elytra from base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3AA818FF63FCD9FF1FF3AC" blockId="5.[151,1437,153,1151]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Legs slightly elongated, protibiae smooth, the first two tarsomeres slightly widened and not distinctly denticulate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3AA818FF63FC11FE3AF3E4" blockId="5.[151,1437,153,1151]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Abdominal ventrites pubescent. Two paramedian setae present in ventrites IV, V and VI; ventrite VII quadrisetose both in male and female.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3AA818FF63FC49FA54F418" blockId="5.[151,1437,153,1151]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="130B77B87F3AA818FED1FC49FE60F3C0" box="[373,440,981,1007]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1967,1992]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,1177,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1437,1165,1849]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus sp. nov. (A. median lobe and parameres, lateral view; B. apical lobe, dorsal view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557809/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F3AA818FD91FC4AFD75F3C0" authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="2013" box="[565,685,982,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marinae">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3AA818FD91FC4AFD75F3C0" box="[565,685,982,1007]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">T. marinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
though the apical part of median lobe obviously more dilated; basal orifice large; sagittal aileron fine, moderately sclerotized; apical part of median lobe wide and dilated; in dorsal view, apical orifice large with a broad apical lobe; parameres thin and elongated, each bearing 2 or 3 apical setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32A38B67F3AA818FF63FBDDFE40F450" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3AA818FF63FBDDFE40F450" blockId="5.[151,1437,153,1151]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3AA818FF63FBDDFE96F474" bold="true" box="[199,334,1089,1115]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Etymology.</emphasis>
“yinquan” means underground river in Chinese. The name is an adjective referring to the 
<typeStatus id="548BD59F7F3AA818FAC8FBDDFA44F474" box="[1388,1436,1089,1115]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
locality of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4F3BB57F3AA818FF33F833FE8DF7C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557809" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3557809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557809/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" startId="5.[151,250,1967,1992]" targetBox="[162,1426,1177,1831]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F3AA818FF33F833FE8DF7C3" blockId="5.[151,1436,1967,2028]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3AA818FF33F833FECCF7E7" bold="true" box="[151,276,1967,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F3AA818FE70F82CFCDFF7E7" authority="Huang &amp; Tú &amp; Phú &amp; Tian &amp; Faille, 2019" authorityName="Huang &amp; Tú &amp; Phú &amp; Tian &amp; Faille" authorityYear="2019" box="[468,775,1968,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yinquanicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3AA818FE70F82CFCDFF7E7" box="[468,775,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F3AA818FCABF82CFCB9F7E7" bold="true" box="[783,865,1968,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2770A547F3AA818FCABF82CFCB9F7E7" box="[783,865,1968,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(A. median lobe and parameres, lateral view; B. apical lobe, dorsal view).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4F3BB57F39A81BFF33F82EFE2BF7C1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557811" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3557811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557811/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" startId="6.[151,250,1970,1995]" targetBox="[166,1422,174,1951]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F39A81BFF33F82EFE2BF7C1" blockId="6.[151,1436,1970,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F39A81BFF33F82EFECBF7E5" bold="true" box="[151,275,1970,1995]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Cave Yinquan Dong, type locality of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F39A81BFD31F82EFC1FF7E5" authority="Huang &amp; Tú &amp; Phú &amp; Tian &amp; Faille, 2019" authorityName="Huang &amp; Tú &amp; Phú &amp; Tian &amp; Faille" authorityYear="2019" box="[661,967,1970,1994]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yinquanicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F39A81BFD31F82EFC1FF7E5" box="[661,967,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F39A81BFC6AF82EFBC7F7E5" bold="true" box="[974,1055,1970,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2770A547F39A81BFC6AF82EFBC7F7E5" box="[974,1055,1970,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(A. entrance; B. a running individual of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F39A81BFF17F84AFE3DF7C1" authorityName="Huang &amp; Tú &amp; Phú &amp; Tian &amp; Faille" authorityYear="2019" box="[179,485,2006,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yinquanicus">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F39A81BFF17F84AFE3DF7C1" box="[179,485,2006,2030]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32A38B67F38A81AFF63FF05FBCCF16C" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F38A81AFF63FF05FBCCF16C" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F38A81AFF63FF05FEE3F09C" bold="true" box="[199,315,153,179]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F38A81AFEE2FF05FD44F09C" authorityName="Huang &amp; Tú &amp; Phú &amp; Tian &amp; Faille" authorityYear="2019" box="[326,668,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yinquanicus">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F38A81AFEE2FF05FD44F09C" box="[326,668,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the second known species of the genus, which was previously found in northern 
<collectingCountry id="F3272BAD7F38A81AFEC0FF21FE1FF0F8" box="[356,455,189,215]" name="Vietnam" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
. It is closely similar to the 
<typeStatus id="548BD59F7F38A81AFD5DFF21FCF1F0F8" box="[761,809,189,215]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
species 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F38A81AFC2EFF22FBDBF0F8" authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="2013" box="[906,1027,190,215]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marinae">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F38A81AFC2EFF22FBDBF0F8" box="[906,1027,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">T. marinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but can be clearly identified by the following two main points: (1) the 1 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F38A81AFD90FF7CFDE7F0C1" attach="left" box="[564,575,224,238]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">st</superScript>
humeral pore of marginal umbilicate series normally located, before the 2 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F38A81AFA28FF7CFA44F0C1" attach="none" box="[1420,1436,224,238]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">nd</superScript>
pore in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F38A81AFF49FE9AFE48F130" authorityName="Huang &amp; Tú &amp; Phú &amp; Tian &amp; Faille" authorityYear="2019" box="[237,400,262,287]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yinquanicus">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F38A81AFF49FE9AFE48F130" box="[237,400,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">T. yinquanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but behind the 2 
<superScript id="7C45C6757F38A81AFDEAFE98FD86F13D" attach="left" box="[590,606,260,274]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">nd</superScript>
pore in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F38A81AFD18FE9AFCEDF130" authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="2013" box="[700,821,262,287]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marinae">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F38A81AFD18FE9AFCEDF130" box="[700,821,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">T. marinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (2) from the ventral view, the apical lobe of aedeagus broader and enlarged in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F38A81AFE03FEB6FD91F16C" authorityName="Huang &amp; Tú &amp; Phú &amp; Tian &amp; Faille" authorityYear="2019" box="[423,585,298,323]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yinquanicus">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F38A81AFE03FEB6FD91F16C" box="[423,585,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">T. yinquanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but narrower and smaller in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F38A81AFC30FEB6FBD5F16C" authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="2013" box="[916,1037,298,323]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marinae">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F38A81AFC30FEB6FBD5F16C" box="[916,1037,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">T. marinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32A38B67F38A81AFF63FED0FC96F210" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F38A81AFF63FED0FDA7F148" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,575]" box="[199,639,332,360]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F38A81AFF63FED0FEB9F148" bold="true" box="[199,353,332,359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49F4A5DF7F38A81AFEC3FED1FE1FF148" box="[359,455,333,359]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
(Jingxi), 
<collectingCountry id="F3272BAD7F38A81AFD90FED1FDA3F148" box="[564,635,333,359]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F6B3D7F38A81AFF63FEEDFC96F210" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
Known so far only from a limestone cave called Yinquan Dong, at Nianlong Cun, Longbang Zhen (
<figureCitation id="130B77B87F38A81AFABDFEEDFA81F1A4" box="[1305,1369,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1801,1826]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,877,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,877,1781]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Tonkinaphaenops Deuve, 2013" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557805/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The cave is near the border between 
<collectingCountry id="F3272BAD7F38A81AFE5FFE09FDE6F180" box="[507,574,405,431]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">China</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F3272BAD7F38A81AFDD7FE09FD0AF180" box="[627,722,405,431]" name="Vietnam" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
and is about 
<quantity id="4CC8C6D87F38A81AFCC0FE08FC67F180" box="[868,959,404,431]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" unit="km" value="15.6">15.6 km</quantity>
in straight distance from the cave “TH 20” near the lake Thang Hen, the 
<typeStatus id="548BD59F7F38A81AFE4CFE25FDC0F1FC" box="[488,536,441,467]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
locality of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3010BE7F38A81AFD38FE26FCCDF1FC" authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="2013" box="[668,789,442,467]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tonkinaphaenops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marinae">
<emphasis id="B944B72F7F38A81AFD38FE26FCCDF1FC" box="[668,789,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">T. marinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Yinquan Dong is located at the foot of a small hill (
<figureCitation id="130B77B87F38A81AFACBFE25FF64F1D8" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1970,1995]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,174,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[166,1422,174,1951]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cave Yinquan Dong, type locality of Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus sp. nov. (A. entrance; B. a running individual of Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557811/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
), with two passages in different layers. The upper layer is about 
<quantity id="4CC8C6D87F38A81AFC29FE41FC1EF1D8" box="[909,966,477,503]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
long, and there is an underground river in the lower layer. The trechine beetles were found on a wet and muddy place in the lower layer (
<figureCitation id="130B77B87F38A81AFB13FD9DFAD7F234" box="[1207,1295,512,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1970,1995]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,174,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[166,1422,174,1951]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cave Yinquan Dong, type locality of Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus sp. nov. (A. entrance; B. a running individual of Tonkinaphaenops yinquanicus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557811/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
), which is at the upper side of the river and not far away from the entrance.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>