1088 lines
116 KiB
XML
1088 lines
116 KiB
XML
<document id="A68CDD4ABCF5A6D488AA1BD8296200A8" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.191626" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a48e9e4b-8a98-48ef-b2fe-845d632300a2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="191626" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461130215047" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mlíkovský, Jiří & Frahnert, Sylke" docDate="2009" docId="03894529FFC4FF9AFF3DF8DFFBDA98AA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02297p026.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2297" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Scops obsoleta Cabanis" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFB03D51FFC7FF9CFFAAFFE6FFDA9F36" masterDocTitle="Type specimens and type localities of birds (Aves) collected by Eduard Eversmann and Christian Pander during the Negri Expedition to Bukhara in 1820 – 1821" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1698597662729" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="209D720F51DE9E906752C1C0FC99DC0E">
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<mods:title id="DDB66F4E85CA41257DDEE3D1F7E90B8D">Type specimens and type localities of birds (Aves) collected by Eduard Eversmann and Christian Pander during the Negri Expedition to Bukhara in 1820 – 1821</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4905DF89D272CBE22F6E5CF3EF913473">Mlíkovský, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="6BF00B4BCAEDF6A69F93F3C62AD5F08B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3BA3E4EDB63105A4B8D934A5BCB3770E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D6602882FB6FB1D05567F1339F1B512C">Frahnert, Sylke</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1805C9D132A0D842575F52E0F1BA3183">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4FF6C30C30ADFB495F4DFF3D4AB2591D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="C7B09AAA6F95B326BA94A307BB60D6DD">
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<mods:date id="92F7C29C3FEC9FC8E6C65E33D731CC12">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="9F767AE01E56FE963E578E9330BB89C3" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="41DC79B5A78D1037FA3B5496CF54C325">2297</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="19B7419B014148C98B1DFDD2B35A5C02">15</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="0D364DA91B1C6CCCECA83EA1ACB09373">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9495A1EFC2DA802A25A399E6A3D258D1" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.191626</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D74F61D4FA9ED5DF603204CD67A72A42" type="GBIF-Dataset">a48e9e4b-8a98-48ef-b2fe-845d632300a2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1E2A590510DDF5CAF10E192516E4E1D1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D8657496F14F972D9F37449E03FCBA52" type="Zenodo-Dep">191626</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0B18B0A668B8E26CE49EC6662337F296" type="ZooBank">233D72A0-1E76-41EB-9146-35C5F8AF27C8</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03894529FFC4FF9AFF3DF8DFFBDA98AA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6212898" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119626782" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6212898" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03894529FFC4FF9AFF3DF8DFFBDA98AA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03894529FFC4FF9AFF3DF8DFFBDA98AA" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC4FF9FFF3DF8DFFE6F9864" box="[151,437,1848,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC4FF9FFF3DF8DFFE6F9864" blockId="3.[151,1436,1814,2022]" box="[151,437,1848,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="D0D74353FFC4FF9FFF3DF8DFFE6F9864" bold="true" box="[151,437,1848,1875]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC4FF9FFF3DF8DFFE6F9864" ID-CoL="7dcec7f5-6210-487e-bce2-64a402a48974" authority="Cabanis" authorityName="Cabanis" box="[151,437,1848,1875]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoleta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC4FF9FFF3DF8DFFE6F9864" bold="true" box="[151,437,1848,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC4FF9FFF3DF8DFFE9D9865" bold="true" box="[151,327,1849,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">Scops obsoleta</emphasis>
|
||
Cabanis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC4FF98FF3DF8BAFC549FC9" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC4FF9FFF3DF8BAFDC89845" blockId="3.[151,1436,1814,2022]" box="[151,530,1884,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30D311FFC4FF9FFF3DF8BAFDC89845" box="[151,530,1884,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC4FF9FFF3DF8BAFDD49845" ID-CoL="7dcec7f5-6210-487e-bce2-64a402a48974" authority="Cabanis, 1875: 126" authorityName="Cabanis" authorityPageNumber="126" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,526,1884,1907]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoleta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC4FF9FFF3DF8BAFEED9845" box="[151,311,1884,1907]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">Scops obsoleta</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A81D22EFFC4FF9FFE96F8BAFDD49845" author="Cabanis" box="[316,526,1884,1907]" page="126" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" year="1875">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC4FF9FFE96F8BAFE029845" author="Cabanis" box="[316,472,1884,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" refString="Cabanis, J. (1875) [Ueber Scops obsoleta n. sp. und Buteo ventralis Gould]. Journal fur Ornithologie, 23, 126 - 127." type="journal article" year="1875">Cabanis, 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 126
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC4FF98FF3DF898FC549FC9" blockId="3.[151,1436,1814,2022]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC4FF9FFF3DF898FF0A98AE" bold="true" box="[151,208,1918,1944]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">Now</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC4FF9FFF75F899FD7B98AE" ID-CoL="7KGPB" authority="Cabanis, 1875" authorityName="Cabanis" authorityYear="1875" box="[223,673,1918,1944]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="brucei" subSpecies="obsoletus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC4FF9FFF75F899FE0598AE" box="[223,479,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">Otus brucei obsoletus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC4FF9FFE44F898FD4398AE" author="Cabanis" box="[494,665,1918,1944]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" refString="Cabanis, J. (1875) [Ueber Scops obsoleta n. sp. und Buteo ventralis Gould]. Journal fur Ornithologie, 23, 126 - 127." type="journal article" year="1875">Cabanis, 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC4FF9FFCEBF898FBC898AE" author="Dickinson" box="[833,1042,1918,1944]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" refString="Dickinson, E. C. (Ed., 2003) The Howard and Moore Complete checklist of the birds of the world. 3 rd rev. ed. Christopher Helm, London, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but see below.
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC4FF9FFF3DF843FEF89889" bold="true" box="[151,290,1957,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC4FF9FFF3DF843FF089889" box="[151,210,1957,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
series
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC4FF9FFE99F843FDFE9889" author="Cabanis" box="[307,548,1957,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" refString="Cabanis, J. (1875) [Ueber Scops obsoleta n. sp. und Buteo ventralis Gould]. Journal fur Ornithologie, 23, 126 - 127." type="journal article" year="1875">Cabanis (1875: 126)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
explicitly based this form on two
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC4FF9FFC10F843FBFE9889" box="[954,1060,1957,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, “ein Exemplar von Eversmann aus Buchara und ein anderes Exemplar von Ehrenberg aus
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC4FF9FFCF4F82AFC6898D0" box="[862,946,1996,2022]" name="Syria" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">Syrien</collectingCountry>
|
||
”, i.e. “a specimen from Eversmann from Buxoro and another specimen from Ehrenberg from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FCBFFF7EFC819F84" box="[789,859,152,178]" name="Syria" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
.” Ehrenberg’s
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FBA6FF7EFBB09F84" box="[1036,1130,152,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
(actually from Sinai, not
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FF3DFF58FF059FEE" box="[151,223,190,216]" name="Syria" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
; see below) was listed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FD99FF58FC789FEE" author="Lichtenstein" box="[563,930,190,216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1825) Verzeichniss der Gegenstande, welche die Doctoren Ehrenberg und Hemprich im Jahr 1824, in Arabien und Syrien gesammelt und in ihrer neunten (8 ten) [sic!] Sendung uberschickt haben. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur ZMB S I, Hemprich & Ehrenberg, I (pp. 175 - 176) und III (pp. 183 - 185)." type="journal article" year="1825">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FD99FF58FD0B9FEE" box="[563,721,190,216]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1825, Nr. 525)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FC77FF59FBB29FEE" ID-CoL="532K7" box="[989,1128,191,216]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Strix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FC77FF59FBB29FEE" box="[989,1128,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Strix scops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” and is now lost, while Eversmann’s
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FE9CFF03FE4B9FC9" box="[310,401,229,255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
from Buxoro is still deposited in the ZMB.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC3FF98FF6CFEEAFB7D9DC0" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF98FF6CFEEAFD4E9EAC" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
We know that Eversmann was in Buxoro on
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FCADFEEAFC289E10" box="[775,1010,268,294]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1820-12-19">19 December 1820</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FBA8FEEAFB189E10" box="[1026,1218,268,294]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1821-03-20">20 March 1821</date>
|
||
[=
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FB52FEEAFF0F9E7A" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1820-12-31">31 December 1820</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FF4FFED4FEA69E7A" box="[229,380,306,332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1821-04-01">1 April 1821</date>
|
||
], and because the Pallid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FD35FED4FCFA9E7A" authority="Owl" authorityName="Owl" box="[671,800,306,332]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Scops Owl</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FC82FED4FC689E7D" box="[808,946,306,331]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brucei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FC82FED4FC689E7D" box="[808,946,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Otus brucei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is migratory in Middle Asia, returning to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FF3DFEBFFEC49E45" box="[151,286,345,371]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
in late March or early April (Dement’ev 1951), Eversmann’s specimen was probably collected between late March and
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FE1CFE66FD979EAC" box="[438,589,384,410]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1821-04-01">1 April 1821</date>
|
||
(NS).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF98FF6CFE40FE779D38" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
As we show below, each of Cabanis’s (1875)
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FCBBFE40FCAD9EF6" box="[785,887,422,448]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FC01FE41FBE89EF6" box="[939,1074,423,448]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoleta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FC01FE41FBE89EF6" box="[939,1074,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">S. obsoleta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to a different form; therefore, in accordance with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FDAEFE2BFCD69ED1" author="ICZN" box="[516,780,461,487]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" refString="ICZN (1999) International code of zoological nomenclature. 4 th ed. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999, Art. 74)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
we here fix the taxonomic meaning of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FB45FE2BFAAC9ED0" box="[1263,1398,461,486]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoleta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FB45FE2BFAAC9ED0" box="[1263,1398,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">S. obsoleta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by designating a
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FE90FE12FE739D38" box="[314,425,500,526]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF98FF3DFDFCFBCD9D6D" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FF3DFDFCFEC19D02" bold="true" box="[151,283,538,564]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FF3DFDFCFEC19D02" box="[151,283,538,564]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(here designated): ZMB 1178, skin, unsexed, collected by Eversmann on an unknown date (probably late March to
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FE19FDA7FD919D6D" box="[435,587,577,603]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1821-04-01">1 April 1821</date>
|
||
) at “Buchara” [= Buxoro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FC28FDA7FBD79D6D" box="[898,1037,577,603]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF98FF3DFD81FB7D9DC0" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FF3DFD81FE969DB7" bold="true" box="[151,332,615,641]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FF3DFD81FE969DB7" box="[151,332,615,641]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(lost): ZMB 1177, unsexed, collected by Ehrenberg in
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FC54FD8EFB1F9DB4" box="[1022,1221,616,642]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1823-11">November 1823</date>
|
||
at El Tor,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FAE1FD8EFA439DB4" box="[1355,1433,616,642]" name="Egypt" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FF3DFD68FE7E9D9E" author="Cabanis" box="[151,420,654,680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" refString="Cabanis, J. (1875) [Ueber Scops obsoleta n. sp. und Buteo ventralis Gould]. Journal fur Ornithologie, 23, 126 - 127." type="journal article" year="1875">Cabanis (1875: 126)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erroneously believed that the specimen was collected in "
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FB0DFD68FAD29D9E" box="[1191,1288,654,680]" name="Syria" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Syrien</collectingCountry>
|
||
". However, Lichtenstein’s (1825) list shows that it originated from El Tor (see also E. Stresemann in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FB65FD53FAB09DF9" author="Le" box="[1231,1386,693,719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" refString="Le Roi, O. (1923) Die Ornis der Sinai-Halbinsel. Journal fur Ornithologie, 71: 28 - 95, 196 - 252." type="journal article" year="1923">Le Roi 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 64,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FF3DFD3AFEBF9DC0" author="Stresemann" box="[151,357,732,758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" refString="Stresemann, E. (1954) Hemprich und Ehrenberg. Reisen zweier naturforschender Freunde im Orient geschildert in ihren Briefen aus den Jahren 1819 - 1826. Abhandlungen der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1954 (1), 1 - 177." type="journal article" year="1954">Stresemann 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 101,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FE01FD3AFDA09DC0" author="Stresemann" box="[427,634,732,758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" refString="Stresemann, E. (1962) Hemprich und Ehrenberg zum Gedenken. Ihre Reise zum Libanon im Sommer 1824 und deren ornithologische Ergebnisse. Journal fur Ornithologie, 103, 380 - 388." type="journal article" year="1962">Stresemann 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 388, footnote, and Mlíkovský & Frahnert Ms).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC3FF98FF3DFCE4FE819C5C" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF98FF3DFCE4FE819C5C" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FF3DFCE4FEE69C2A" bold="true" box="[151,316,770,796]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FF3DFCE4FF0E9C2A" box="[151,212,770,796]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: The original
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FE46FCE4FDFA9C2A" box="[492,544,770,796]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality included El Tor, Sinai Peninsula,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FB8EFCE4FBB69C2A" box="[1060,1132,770,796]" name="Egypt" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1492F8FFC3FF98FBD1FCE4FB3D9C2A" box="[1147,1255,770,796]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" precision="555" value="28.24">28.24°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1492F8FFC3FF98FB5EFCE4FA869C2A" box="[1268,1372,770,796]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" precision="555" value="33.62">33.62°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], and Buxoro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FF54FCCFFE5C9C75" box="[254,390,809,835]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FE6FFCCFFE2D9C75" box="[453,503,809,835]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is restricted here via lectotypification to Buxoro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FB37FCCFFAFB9C75" box="[1181,1313,809,835]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FAFDFCCFFF0E9C5C" author="ICZN" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" refString="ICZN (1999) International code of zoological nomenclature. 4 th ed. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED316CFAFFC3FF98FAFDFCCFFA419C75" box="[1367,1435,809,835]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">ICZN</collectionCode>
|
||
1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 76.2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC3FF99FF3DFC90FE989A55" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF98FF3DFC90FB969B4E" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FF3DFC90FED79CA6" bold="true" box="[151,269,886,912]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: The Pallid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FE02FC90FDF59CA6" authority="Owl" authorityName="Owl" box="[424,559,886,912]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Scops Owl</taxonomicName>
|
||
was traditionally treated as a monotypic species (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FB78FC90FAB39CA6" author="Peters" box="[1234,1385,886,912]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" refString="Peters, J. L. (1940) Check-list of birds of the world. Vol. 4. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, xii + 291 pp." type="book" year="1940">Peters 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 89; Dement’ev 1951: 371;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FE03FC7BFDE79C81" author="Vaurie" box="[425,573,925,951]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" refString="Vaurie, C. (1960) Systematic notes on Palearctic birds. No. 43. Strigidae: the genera Otus, Aegolius, Ninox, and Tyto. American Museum Novitates, 2021, 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1960">Vaurie 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 5, 1965: 601;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FD44FC7BFC7B9C81" author="Stepanan" box="[750,929,925,951]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" refString="Stepanan, L. S. (2003) Konspekt ornitologi c eskoj fauny Rossii i sopredel'nyh territorij (v granicah SSSR kak istori c eskoj oblasti) [Conspectus of the ornithological fauna of Russia and adjacent territories (within the borders of the USSR as a historical region)]. Akademkniga, Moskva, 808 pp. [In Russian.]" type="book" year="2003">Stepanân 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 303), if populations from southern Arabia (
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FF0BFC22FEDE9CEB" box="[161,260,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">pamelae</emphasis>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FEE2FC22FE789CE8" box="[328,418,964,990]" name="Yemen" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Socotra</collectingCountry>
|
||
Island (
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FDA9FC22FD5E9CEB" box="[515,644,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">socotranus</emphasis>
|
||
) are moved to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FC93FC22FB2A9CE8" authority="Swainson, 1837" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1837" box="[825,1264,964,990]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senegalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FC93FC22FBC39CEB" box="[825,1049,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Scops senegalensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Swainson, 1837)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FA9FFC22FF2D9B32" author="Konig" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" refString="Konig, C., Weick, F. & Becking, J. - H. (1999) Owls. A guide to the owls of the world. Pica Press, Mountfield, 462 pp." type="book" year="1999">König et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FEA9FC0CFE189B32" author="Dickinson" box="[259,450,1002,1028]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" refString="Dickinson, E. C. (Ed., 2003) The Howard and Moore Complete checklist of the birds of the world. 3 rd rev. ed. Christopher Helm, London, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, Hekstra and Roselaar (in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FCDFFC0CFBD29B32" author="Cramp" box="[885,1032,1002,1028]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" refString="Cramp, S. (Ed., 1985) The birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 4: Terns to woodpeckers. Oxford University Press, Oxford, [7] + 960 pp." type="book" year="1985">Cramp 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) recognised four subspecies of the Pallid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FF48FBF7FEB89B1D" authority="Owl" authorityName="Owl" box="[226,354,1041,1067]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Scops Owl</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FED9FBF7FD789B1C" box="[371,674,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FED9FBF7FE1A9B1C" box="[371,448,1041,1066]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brucei">brucei</taxonomicName>
|
||
, obsoletus, exiguus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FD76FBF7FC8A9B1C" box="[732,848,1041,1066]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semenowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FD76FBF7FC8A9B1C" box="[732,848,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">semenowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the treatment followed by several recent authors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FF35FBDEFEA79B64" author="Marks" box="[159,381,1080,1106]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" refString="Marks, J. S., Cannings, R. J. & Mikkola, H. (1999) Family Strigidae (typical owls). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. & Sargatal, J. (Eds.), Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 5. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp. 76 - 242." type="book" year="1999">
|
||
Marks
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FF5CFBDEFEF79B67" box="[246,301,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FE20FBDEFD8A9B64" author="Dickinson" box="[394,592,1080,1106]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" refString="Dickinson, E. C. (Ed., 2003) The Howard and Moore Complete checklist of the birds of the world. 3 rd rev. ed. Christopher Helm, London, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 221;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FD30FBDEFC979B64" author="Peterson" box="[666,845,1080,1106]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" refString="Peterson, A. P. (2009) Zoological nomenclature resource (Zoonomen). Available from http: // www. zoonomen. net (last accessed 6 July 2009)." type="journal article" year="2009">Peterson 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FCC8FBDEFB929B64" author="Konig" box="[866,1096,1080,1106]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" refString="Konig, C., Weick, F. & Becking, J. - H. (1999) Owls. A guide to the owls of the world. Pica Press, Mountfield, 462 pp." type="book" year="1999">
|
||
König
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FC1CFBDEFC369B67" box="[950,1004,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 230) recognized only three subspecies, merging
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FE21FBB9FE259B4E" box="[395,511,1119,1144]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semenowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FE21FBB9FE259B4E" box="[395,511,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">semenowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the nominotypic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FCA2FBB9FC899B4E" box="[776,851,1119,1144]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brucei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FCA2FBB9FC899B4E" box="[776,851,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">brucei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
without explanation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF98FF6CFB63FC969BF0" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Nomenclature and taxonomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FDEAFB63FD139BA8" box="[576,713,1157,1182]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brucei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FDEAFB63FD139BA8" box="[576,713,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Otus brucei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is rather confused as is shown below, where relevant nominal species are discussed in chronological order of description:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF98FF6CFB34FD6A9A56" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
(1) The species was first described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FD0FFB35FCB09BDA" box="[677,874,1235,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ephialtes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brucei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FD0FFB35FCB09BDA" box="[677,874,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Ephialtes brucei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FC0AFB34FB9B9BDA" author="Hume" box="[928,1089,1234,1260]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" refString="Hume, A. O. (1872) Ephialtes Brucei, the Striated Scops Owl, Sp. Nov. Stray Feathers, 1, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="1872">Hume (1872)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on the basis of a wintering individual (BMNH 1886.2.1.216) collected on
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FD7FFB1FFC7A9A25" box="[725,928,1273,1299]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1870-01-20">20 January 1870</date>
|
||
at “Rahuri” [= Rahur, Maharashtra State,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FF3DFAC6FF0D9A0C" box="[151,215,1312,1338]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1492F8FFC3FF98FF48FAC6FE929A0C" box="[226,328,1312,1338]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" precision="555" value="19.38">19.38°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1492F8FFC3FF98FEFEFAC6FE619A0C" box="[340,443,1312,1338]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" precision="555" value="74.65">74.65°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
]. Exact application of this name to a breeding population is thus unknown. See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FAF4FAC6FF3F9A56" author="Pittie" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" refString="Pittie, A. (2006) The dates of six taxa described by A. O. Hume (Puffinus persicus, Ephialtes brucei and Ninox obscurus) and W. E. Brooks (Cyornis poliogenys, Phylloscopus sindianus and Calandrella tibetana). Indian Birds, 2, 132 - 136." type="journal article" year="2006">Pittie (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for the dating of Hume’s (1872) paper.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF98FF6CFA8BFD9C9ACD" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
(2)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FF45FA8BFE799AB1" author="Cabanis" box="[239,419,1389,1415]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" refString="Cabanis, J. (1875) [Ueber Scops obsoleta n. sp. und Buteo ventralis Gould]. Journal fur Ornithologie, 23, 126 - 127." type="journal article" year="1875">Cabanis (1875)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FD8AFA8BFD149AB0" box="[544,718,1389,1414]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoleta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FD8AFA8BFD149AB0" box="[544,718,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Scops obsoleta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of two specimens from different areas, which we show below belong to different taxa. Designation of ZMB 1178 as
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FC04FA72FBC39A98" box="[942,1049,1428,1454]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FBE8FA72FB7F9A9B" box="[1090,1189,1428,1453]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoleta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FBE8FA72FB7F9A9B" box="[1090,1189,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">obsoleta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
links this name with the populations from the Middle Asian lowlands, to which it has been applied by some recent authors (e.g. Hekstra & Roselaar in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FE09FA07FDE39ACD" author="Cramp" box="[419,569,1505,1531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" refString="Cramp, S. (Ed., 1985) The birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 4: Terns to woodpeckers. Oxford University Press, Oxford, [7] + 960 pp." type="book" year="1985">Cramp 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF98FF6CF9EEFA8A9959" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FF56F9EEFE8D9914" box="[252,343,1544,1570]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
from the Negri expedition was collected at Buxoro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FC6EF9EEFB919914" box="[964,1099,1544,1570]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in spring prior to
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FA8DF9EEFAA59914" box="[1319,1407,1544,1570]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">2 April</date>
|
||
. It may therefore have been a migrating individual still underway to its breeding grounds, or it may have already reached its breeding grounds. Exact application of this name to a breeding population is thus unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF98FF6CF99AFCDD9861" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FF57F99AFE8299A0" box="[253,344,1660,1686]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
from Ehrenberg's expedition was collected at El Tor, Sinai,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FB83F99AFBA899A0" box="[1065,1138,1660,1686]" name="Egypt" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FB34F99AFABB99A0" box="[1182,1377,1660,1686]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1823-11">November 1823</date>
|
||
. It is lost, and its subspecific identity remains unknown. However, Pallid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FC1AF944FBE0998A" authority="Owls" authorityName="Owls" box="[944,1082,1698,1724]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Scops Owls</taxonomicName>
|
||
are vagrants to the Sinai, with only the two historical specimen records from
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FD12F92FFCBC99D5" box="[696,870,1737,1763]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1823" valueMax="1891">1823 and 1891</date>
|
||
discussed herein (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FB97F92FFF13983C" author="Goodman" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" refString="Goodman, S. M. & Meininger, P. L. (Eds., 1989) The birds of Egypt. Oxford University Press, Oxford, xxi + 551 pp." type="book" year="1989">Goodman & Meininger 1989: 323</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and two recent sightings (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FDB1F916FD3E983C" author="Moldovan" box="[539,740,1776,1802]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" refString="Moldovan, I. (2009) Checklist of the birds of Egypt. Available from http: // www. birdinginegypt. com / checklist. htm (last accessed 6 August 2009)" type="journal article" year="2009">Moldovan 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Subspecific identity is unknown for most Sinai records (although
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FEA5F8F1FEB39806" box="[271,361,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">exiguus</emphasis>
|
||
was suggested for the recent sight records;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FCC5F8F0FBF49806" author="Moldovan" box="[879,1070,1814,1840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="24" refString="Moldovan, I. (2009) Checklist of the birds of Egypt. Available from http: // www. birdinginegypt. com / checklist. htm (last accessed 6 August 2009)" type="journal article" year="2009">Moldovan 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but the specimen collected in 1891 belongs to the small southern form (see below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC3FF99FF6CF882FA589D38" blockId="4.[151,1438,152,2034]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,1299]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">
|
||
(3)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC3FF98FF5BF882FDE79848" author="Zarudnyj" box="[241,573,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" refString="Zarudnyj, N. [A.] & Harms, M. (1902) Neue Vogelarten. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 10, 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1902">Zarudnyj and Härms (1902)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC3FF98FD6AF882FC5B984B" box="[704,897,1892,1917]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semenowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC3FF98FD6AF882FC5B984B" box="[704,897,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Scops semenowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of nine
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC3FF98FBD6F882FB3F9848" box="[1148,1253,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, eight from the Sistan va Baluchestan Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FDB2F86CFD9D9892" box="[536,583,1930,1956]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
(collected between
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FC99F86CFC3E9892" box="[819,996,1930,1956]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">10 May–7 July</date>
|
||
NS in
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FB9DF86CFB339892" box="[1079,1257,1930,1956]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1898" valueMax="1901">1898 and 1901</date>
|
||
), and one from “Umm Heschim” = Umm Kheizina, northeastern Sinai Peninsula,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC3FF98FC07F857FC2E98FD" box="[941,1012,1969,1995]" name="Egypt" pageId="4" pageNumber="19">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
(collected in
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC3FF98FB32F857FA8298FD" box="[1176,1368,1969,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="19" value="1891-12">December 1891</date>
|
||
). The Iranian series included three recently fledged juveniles with not fully developed primaries and rectrices, all collected on “
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC2FF99FE93FF7EFE029F84" box="[313,472,152,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" value="1901-05-11">11 May 1901</date>
|
||
” [=
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC2FF99FDA7FF7EFD719F84" box="[525,683,152,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" value="1901-05-24">24 May 1901</date>
|
||
NS]. The form was thus based largely on birds from a breeding area in southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FE1BFF58FE3C9FEE" box="[433,486,190,216]" name="Iran" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC2FF99FD93FF58FD459FEE" box="[569,671,190,216]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
from Sinai is of unknown breeding grounds, but agrees morphologically with breeding birds from southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FC86FF03FC819FC9" box="[812,859,229,255]" name="Iran" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FCC1FF03FB4F9FC9" author="Zarudnyj" box="[875,1173,229,255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" refString="Zarudnyj, N. [A.] & Harms, M. (1902) Neue Vogelarten. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 10, 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1902">Zarudnyj & Härms 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FA82FF03FA469FC8" box="[1320,1436,229,254]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semenowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FA82FF03FA469FC8" box="[1320,1436,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">semenowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is therefore referable to the southern form (see below for its definition). However, Hekstra and Roselaar (in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FF3DFED4FEF79E7A" author="Cramp" box="[151,301,306,332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" refString="Cramp, S. (Ed., 1985) The birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 4: Terns to woodpeckers. Oxford University Press, Oxford, [7] + 960 pp." type="book" year="1985">Cramp 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) erroneously applied this name to the population from the Tarim Basin in northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FAE7FED4FA4D9E7A" box="[1357,1431,306,332]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and were followed in this by e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FDB4FEBFFCDA9E45" box="[542,768,345,371]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Marks, J. S., Cannings, R. J. & Mikkola, H. (1999) Family Strigidae (typical owls). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. & Sargatal, J. (Eds.), Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 5. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp. 76 - 242." type="book">
|
||
Marks
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FDDAFEBFFD799E44" box="[624,675,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1999)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FC93FEBFFB9C9E45" author="Dickinson" box="[825,1094,345,371]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" refString="Dickinson, E. C. (Ed., 2003) The Howard and Moore Complete checklist of the birds of the world. 3 rd rev. ed. Christopher Helm, London, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson (2003: 221)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. All
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC2FF99FBD7FEBFFB3E9E45" box="[1149,1252,345,371]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FAA1FEBFFA469E44" box="[1291,1436,345,370]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semenowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FAA1FEBFFA469E44" box="[1291,1436,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">S. semenowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are short-winged (
|
||
<quantity id="4CD859DAFFC2FF99FEC6FE66FDD39EAC" box="[364,521,384,410]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.545" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.49" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="154.5" valueMax="160.0" valueMin="149.0">149–160 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D263FB6FFC2FF99FD87FE66FD579EAC" box="[557,653,384,410]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" type="adult">6 adults</specimenCount>
|
||
, measured when fresh;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FC0AFE66FB1E9EAC" author="Zarudnyj" box="[928,1220,384,410]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" refString="Zarudnyj, N. [A.] & Harms, M. (1902) Neue Vogelarten. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 10, 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1902">Zarudnyj & Härms 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), in contrast to the wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CD859DAFFC2FF99FE9EFE40FE029EF6" box="[308,472,422,448]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.645" metricValueMax="1.69" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="164.5" valueMax="169.0" valueMin="160.0">160–169 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 12) in birds from the Tarim Basin (Hekstra & Roselaar in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FB50FE40FA4D9EF6" author="Cramp" box="[1274,1431,422,448]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" refString="Cramp, S. (Ed., 1985) The birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 4: Terns to woodpeckers. Oxford University Press, Oxford, [7] + 960 pp." type="book" year="1985">Cramp 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, presumably measured on museum specimens, in which wings are shorter than in fresh specimens due to shrinkage;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FEB2FE12FE309D38" author="Vepsalainen" box="[280,490,500,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" refString="Vepsalainen, K. (1968) Wing length of Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) before and after skinning with remarks on measuring methods. Ornis Fennica, 45, 124 - 126." type="journal article" year="1968">Vepsäläinen 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FE5CFE12FD199D38" author="Greenwood" box="[502,707,500,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" refString="Greenwood, J. G. (1979) Post-mortem shrinkage of Dunlin Calidris alpina skins. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club, 99, 143 - 145." type="journal article" year="1979">Greenwood 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FD65FE12FCB19D38" author="Bjordal" box="[719,875,500,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" refString="Bjordal, H. (1983) Effects of deep freezing, freeze-drying and skinning on body dimensions of House Sparrows Passer domesticus. Cinclus, 6, 105 - 108." type="journal article" year="1983">Bjordal 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FCD2FE12FBB99D38" author="Eastham" box="[888,1123,500,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" refString="Eastham, C. P., Nicholls, M. K. & Fox, N. C. (2000) Post-mortem shrinkage in large falcons. Newsletter of the Middle East Falcon Research Group, 17, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Eastham
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FC4EFE12FBC29D3B" box="[996,1048,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FBC5FE14FAAC9D38" author="Kuczynski" box="[1135,1398,498,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Kuczynski, L., Tryjanowski, P., Antczak, P., Skoracki, M. & Hromada, M. (2002) Repeatability of measurements and shrinkage after skinning: the case of the Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 51, 127 - 130." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Kuczyński
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FB5EFE12FAFC9D3B" box="[1268,1318,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC2FF99FF6CFDFCFAE89D6D" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1299]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
(4)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FF58FDFCFE139D02" author="Mukherjee" box="[242,457,538,564]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Mukherjee, A. K. (1958) A new race of the Striated Scops Owl, Otus brucei (Home) [sic!], from West Asia. Records of the Indian Museum, 53, 301 - 302." type="journal article" year="1958">Mukherjee (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FDE7FDFCFCE79D05" box="[589,829,538,563]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="brucei" subSpecies="exiguus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FDE7FDFCFCE79D05" box="[589,829,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Otus brucei exiguus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of a single specimen (BNHS 11947), collected in
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC2FF99FE8CFDA7FE439D6D" box="[294,409,577,603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" value="1921-07">July 1921</date>
|
||
at Baghdad,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FD9EFDA7FDBD9D6D" box="[564,615,577,603]" name="Iraq" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Iraq</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This name is thus referable to the local breeding population.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC2FF99FF6CFD8EFD3C9B64" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1299]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
The intraspecific structure and both the breeding and wintering distribution of the Pallid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FB71FD8EFA869DB4" authority="Owl" authorityName="Owl" box="[1243,1372,616,642]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Scops Owl</taxonomicName>
|
||
were poorly known until
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FE29FD68FDB39D9E" box="[387,617,654,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Marks, J. S., Cannings, R. J. & Mikkola, H. (1999) Family Strigidae (typical owls). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. & Sargatal, J. (Eds.), Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 5. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp. 76 - 242." type="book">
|
||
Marks
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FE7CFD69FDC89D9E" box="[470,530,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1999)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
distinguished two metapopulations differing in their distribution and migratory pattern as follows: (a) “northern” populations breeding in Middle Asia and the Tarim Basin, which migrate to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FE88FD3AFE579DC0" box="[290,397,732,758]" name="Pakistan" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FD95FD3AFD5A9DC0" box="[575,640,732,758]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
for winter, and (b) “southern” non-migratory, though nomadic populations, which breed around the Persian Gulf (in the broad sense). Birds from the southern populations differ from the Middle Asian ones in being shorter-winged, in having different striations on underparts, and different plumage color (Hekstra & Roselaar in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FD7BFCB6FCBD9C5C" author="Cramp" box="[721,871,848,874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" refString="Cramp, S. (Ed., 1985) The birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 4: Terns to woodpeckers. Oxford University Press, Oxford, [7] + 960 pp." type="book" year="1985">Cramp 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FCDEFCB6FB9D9C5C" author="Konig" box="[884,1095,848,874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Konig, C., Weick, F. & Becking, J. - H. (1999) Owls. A guide to the owls of the world. Pica Press, Mountfield, 462 pp." type="book" year="1999">
|
||
König
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FC6CFCB6FC209C5F" box="[966,1018,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FB10FCB6FF089CA6" author="Zarudnyj" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" refString="Zarudnyj, N. [A.] & Harms, M. (1902) Neue Vogelarten. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 10, 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1902">Zarudnyj & Härms 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FEA6FC90FE099CA6" author="Mukherjee" box="[268,467,886,912]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Mukherjee, A. K. (1958) A new race of the Striated Scops Owl, Otus brucei (Home) [sic!], from West Asia. Records of the Indian Museum, 53, 301 - 302." type="journal article" year="1958">Mukherjee 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). If this classification of the Pallid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FCD9FC90FC2F9CA6" authority="Owl" authorityName="Owl" box="[883,1013,886,912]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Scops Owl</taxonomicName>
|
||
is accepted, and this seems to us to be the most plausible solution, then the Middle Asian form should be known as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FBF3FC7BFF059CE8" authority="Hume, 1872" authorityName="Hume" authorityYear="1872" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="brucei" subSpecies="brucei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FBF3FC7BFAE09C80" box="[1113,1338,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Otus brucei brucei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FAE0FC7BFF0C9CE8" author="Hume" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Hume, A. O. (1872) Ephialtes Brucei, the Striated Scops Owl, Sp. Nov. Stray Feathers, 1, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="1872">Hume, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while the southern form should be known as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FCAEFC22FA9F9CE8" authority="Zarudnyj & Harms, 1902" authorityName="Zarudnyj & Harms" authorityYear="1902" box="[772,1349,964,990]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="brucei" subSpecies="semenowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FCAEFC22FBD69CEB" box="[772,1036,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Otus brucei semenowi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FBBEFC22FA9F9CE8" author="Zarudnyj" box="[1044,1349,964,990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" refString="Zarudnyj, N. [A.] & Harms, M. (1902) Neue Vogelarten. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 10, 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1902">Zarudnyj & Härms, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Of the remaining two names,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FE02FC0CFCD49B32" authority="Cabanis, 1875" authorityName="Cabanis" authorityYear="1875" box="[424,782,1002,1028]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoleta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FE02FC0CFD809B35" box="[424,602,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Scops obsoleta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FDC9FC0CFCD49B32" author="Cabanis" box="[611,782,1002,1028]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" refString="Cabanis, J. (1875) [Ueber Scops obsoleta n. sp. und Buteo ventralis Gould]. Journal fur Ornithologie, 23, 126 - 127." type="journal article" year="1875">Cabanis, 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
falls into the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FBF3FC0CFF019B1D" authority="Hume, 1872" authorityName="Hume" authorityYear="1872" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="brucei" subSpecies="brucei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FBF3FC0CFAE09B35" box="[1113,1338,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Otus brucei brucei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FAE0FC0CFF099B1D" author="Hume" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Hume, A. O. (1872) Ephialtes Brucei, the Striated Scops Owl, Sp. Nov. Stray Feathers, 1, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="1872">Hume, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to the lectotypification herein, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FD01FBF7FBBE9B1D" authority="Mukherjee, 1958" authorityName="Mukherjee" authorityYear="1958" box="[683,1124,1041,1067]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="brucei" subSpecies="exiguus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FD01FBF7FC4F9B1C" box="[683,917,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Otus brucei exiguus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FC36FBF7FBBE9B1D" author="Mukherjee" box="[924,1124,1041,1067]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Mukherjee, A. K. (1958) A new race of the Striated Scops Owl, Otus brucei (Home) [sic!], from West Asia. Records of the Indian Museum, 53, 301 - 302." type="journal article" year="1958">Mukherjee, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
falls into the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FF3DFBDEFD389B64" authority="Zarudnyj & Harms, 1902" authorityName="Zarudnyj & Harms" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,738,1080,1106]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="brucei" subSpecies="semenowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF3DFBDEFE469B67" box="[151,412,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Otus brucei semenowi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FE00FBDEFD039B64" author="Zarudnyj" box="[426,729,1080,1106]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" refString="Zarudnyj, N. [A.] & Harms, M. (1902) Neue Vogelarten. Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 10, 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1902">Zarudnyj & Härms, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC2FF99FF6CFBB8FF349A25" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1299]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
If three or four different forms are recognized within Pallid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FC26FBB8FBC29B4E" authority="Owls" authorityName="Owls" box="[908,1048,1118,1144]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Scops Owls</taxonomicName>
|
||
of Middle Asia, as suggested by Hekstra and Roselaar (in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FE7BFB63FDB49BA9" author="Cramp" box="[465,622,1157,1183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" refString="Cramp, S. (Ed., 1985) The birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 4: Terns to woodpeckers. Oxford University Press, Oxford, [7] + 960 pp." type="book" year="1985">Cramp 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FD2EFB63FCA89BA9" box="[644,882,1157,1183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Konig, C., Weick, F. & Becking, J. - H. (1999) Owls. A guide to the owls of the world. Pica Press, Mountfield, 462 pp." type="book">
|
||
König
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FD73FB63FCCA9BA8" box="[729,784,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1999)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FC05FB63FBAC9BA9" author="Peterson" box="[943,1142,1157,1183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" refString="Peterson, A. P. (2009) Zoological nomenclature resource (Zoonomen). Available from http: // www. zoonomen. net (last accessed 6 July 2009)." type="journal article" year="2009">Peterson (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, respectively, then their nomenclature remains unresolved, because both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FD48FB4AFCF59BF3" box="[738,815,1196,1221]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Otus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brucei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FD48FB4AFCF59BF3" box="[738,815,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">brucei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FCC1FB4AFC069BF3" box="[875,988,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">obsoletus</emphasis>
|
||
were based on migrating individuals from unknown breeding populations, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FD3EFB35FCD09BDA" box="[660,778,1235,1260]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Scops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semenowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FD3EFB35FCD09BDA" box="[660,778,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">semenowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not apply to the birds from the Tarim Basin (see above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC2FF99FF3DFAA0FE989A55" blockId="5.[151,1437,1350,2027]" box="[151,322,1350,1379]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FF3DFAA0FE989A55" box="[151,322,1350,1379]" class="Aves" family="Motacillidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF3DFAA0FE989A55" bold="true" box="[151,322,1350,1379]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Motacillidae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC2FF99FF3DFA8DFD4C9ABE" box="[151,662,1387,1416]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC2FF99FF3DFA8DFD4C9ABE" blockId="5.[151,1437,1350,2027]" box="[151,662,1387,1416]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FF3DFA8DFD4C9ABE" authority="Lichtenstein" authorityName="Lichtenstein" box="[151,662,1387,1416]" class="Aves" family="Motacillidae" genus="Motacilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanocephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF3DFA8DFD4C9ABE" bold="true" box="[151,662,1387,1416]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF3DFA8DFE3F9AB1" bold="true" box="[151,485,1387,1415]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Motacilla melanocephala</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FE47FA8DFD4C9ABE" box="[493,662,1387,1416]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC2FF99FF3DFA77FB799AF8" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC2FF99FF3DFA77FD649A9E" blockId="5.[151,1437,1350,2027]" box="[151,702,1425,1448]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30D311FFC2FF99FF3DFA77FD649A9E" box="[151,702,1425,1448]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FF3DFA77FD609A9E" authority="Lichtenstein, 1823a: 129" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityPageNumber="129" authorityYear="1823" box="[151,698,1425,1448]" class="Aves" family="Motacillidae" genus="Motacilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanocephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF3DFA77FE729A9E" box="[151,424,1425,1448]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Motacilla melanocephala</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A81D22EFFC2FF99FE05FA77FD609A9E" author="Lichtenstein" box="[431,698,1425,1448]" page="129" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" year="1823">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FE05FA77FD5F9A9E" author="Lichtenstein" box="[431,645,1425,1448]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FE05FA77FDEF9A9E" box="[431,565,1425,1448]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1823a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 129
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC2FF99FF3DFA55FB799AF8" blockId="5.[151,1437,1350,2027]" box="[151,1187,1459,1486]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF3DFA55FF0A9AFB" bold="true" box="[151,208,1459,1485]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Now</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FF75FA52FD329AF8" ID-CoL="5JRSC" authority="Michahelles, 1830" authorityName="Michahelles" authorityYear="1830" box="[223,744,1460,1486]" class="Aves" family="Motacillidae" genus="Motacilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="flava" subSpecies="feldegg">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF75FA52FE2A9AFB" box="[223,496,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Motacilla flava feldegg</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FDAAFA52FD059AF8" author="Michahelles" box="[512,735,1460,1486]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Michahelles, [K.] (1830) Ueber einige Dalmatinische Vertebraten, die zugleich im westlichen Asien vorkommen. Isis 1830: col. 809 - 820." type="journal article" year="1830">Michahelles, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FC8EFA52FC1D9AF8" author="Hartert" box="[804,967,1460,1486]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Hartert, E. (1905) Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna. Vol. 1 (Heft 3). R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. 241 - 348." type="journal article" year="1905">Hartert (1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 295, 1921: 2098).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC2FF9AFF3DFA3CFEF89FC9" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC2FF99FF3DFA3CFC1398A8" blockId="5.[151,1437,1350,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF3DFA3CFEFB9AC2" bold="true" box="[151,289,1498,1524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC2FF99FF3DFA3CFF089AC2" box="[151,210,1498,1524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
series
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FE9AFA3CFD849AC2" author="Lichtenstein" box="[304,606,1498,1524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FE9AFA3CFE1B9AC2" box="[304,449,1498,1524]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1823a: 129)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based this form on a single male (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FBFAFA3CFAFC9AC2" author="Lichtenstein" box="[1104,1318,1498,1524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1822) Herrn Dr. Eversmanns vierte Sendung, enthaltend bucharische und kirgisische Thiere. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur: ZMB, S I, Eversmann, E, Blatt 14 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1822">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FBFAFA3CFB3B9AC2" box="[1104,1249,1498,1524]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1822
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which is thus its
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC2FF99FF5FF9E7FEBB992D" box="[245,353,1537,1563]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FEC6F9E7FD95992D" author="Giebel" box="[364,591,1537,1563]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" refString="Giebel, C. G. (1875) Thesaurus ornithologiae. Repertorium der gesammten ornithologischen Literatur und Nomenclator sammtlicher Gattungen und Arten der Vogel nebst Synonymen und geographischer Verbreitung. Vo l. 2. F. A. Brockhaus, Leipzig, vi + 787 pp." type="book" year="1875">Giebel (1875: 625)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FD21F9E7FCA8992D" author="Hartert" box="[651,882,1537,1563]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Hartert, E. (1905) Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna. Vol. 1 (Heft 3). R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. 241 - 348." type="journal article" year="1905">Hartert (1905: 295)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
attributed this species to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FB0FF9E7FF1A9974" author="Lichtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 b) Verzeichniss der Doubletten des Zoologischen Museums der Konigl. Universitat zu Berlin nebst Beschreibung vieler bisher unbekannter Arten von Saugethieren, Vogeln, Amphibien und Fischen. T. Trautwein, Berlin, x + 118 pp." type="book" year="1823" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FB0FF9E7FAE2992D" box="[1189,1336,1537,1563]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1823b: 36)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, not mentioning
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FE2CF9CEFDB39974" author="Lichtenstein" box="[390,617,1576,1602]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FE2CF9CEFDCD9974" box="[390,535,1576,1602]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1823a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Both these papers appeared in 1823, but we conclude that
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FAB6F9CEFF26995E" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Reise nach Buchara</emphasis>
|
||
was published earlier than
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FD97F9A9FC5C995E" box="[573,902,1615,1640]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Verzeichniss der Doubletten</emphasis>
|
||
based on the following: (1) the preface to the
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF3DF993FE5E99B8" box="[151,388,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Reise nach Buchara</emphasis>
|
||
was signed already in
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC2FF99FD3EF993FC8999B9" box="[660,851,1653,1679]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" value="1822-11">November 1822</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FCC9F993FBAA99B9" author="Lichtenstein" box="[867,1136,1653,1679]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FCC9F993FC2C99B9" box="[867,1014,1653,1679]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1823a: vi
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), while the preface to the
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF3DF97AFE059983" box="[151,479,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Verzeichniss der Doubletten</emphasis>
|
||
was signed only in
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC2FF99FD62F97AFC529980" box="[712,904,1692,1718]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" value="1823-09">September 1823</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FC3DF97AFBA59980" author="Lichtenstein" box="[919,1151,1692,1718]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 b) Verzeichniss der Doubletten des Zoologischen Museums der Konigl. Universitat zu Berlin nebst Beschreibung vieler bisher unbekannter Arten von Saugethieren, Vogeln, Amphibien und Fischen. T. Trautwein, Berlin, x + 118 pp." type="book" year="1823" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FC3DF97AFBF09980" box="[919,1066,1692,1718]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1823b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: x), and (2)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FAA1F97AFEFB99EA" author="Lichtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 b) Verzeichniss der Doubletten des Zoologischen Museums der Konigl. Universitat zu Berlin nebst Beschreibung vieler bisher unbekannter Arten von Saugethieren, Vogeln, Amphibien und Fischen. T. Trautwein, Berlin, x + 118 pp." type="book" year="1823" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FAA1F97AFA469980" box="[1291,1436,1692,1718]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1823b: 37)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
referred to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FE03F924FD4599EA" author="Lichtenstein" box="[425,671,1730,1756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FE03F924FDE099EA" box="[425,570,1730,1756]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1823a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, incl. page and line.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FC3AF924FB6B99EA" author="Lichtenstein" box="[912,1201,1730,1756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 b) Verzeichniss der Doubletten des Zoologischen Museums der Konigl. Universitat zu Berlin nebst Beschreibung vieler bisher unbekannter Arten von Saugethieren, Vogeln, Amphibien und Fischen. T. Trautwein, Berlin, x + 118 pp." type="book" year="1823" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FC3AF924FBFB99EA" box="[912,1057,1730,1756]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1823b: 36)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also included in his
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FF3DF90FFEA99834" box="[151,371,1769,1794]" class="Aves" family="Motacillidae" genus="Motacilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanocephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF3DF90FFEA99834" box="[151,371,1769,1794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">M. melanocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D263FB6FFC2FF99FED1F90FFDC69835" box="[379,540,1769,1795]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" type="generic">34 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
sent from “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FD0DF90FFD2F9835" box="[679,757,1769,1795]" name="Sudan" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Nubia</collectingCountry>
|
||
” by “Hemprich”. These specimens, collected by
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FA97F90FFA469835" box="[1341,1436,1769,1795]" name="Germany" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">German</collectingCountry>
|
||
naturalists Wilhelm Friedrich Hemprich (
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC2FF99FD39F8F6FCC5981C" box="[659,799,1808,1834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" value="1796" valueMax="1825">1796–1825</date>
|
||
) and Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg (
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC2FF99FB4DF8F6FAA9981C" box="[1255,1395,1808,1834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" value="1795" valueMax="1876">1795–1876</date>
|
||
) in
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC2FF99FF3DF8D0FEF99866" box="[151,291,1846,1872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" value="1821" valueMax="1822">1821–1822</date>
|
||
, arrived in Berlin in a shipment on
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC2FF99FD75F8D0FC469866" box="[735,924,1846,1872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" value="1823-03-19">19 March 1823</date>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FC72F8D0FB6B9866" author="Stresemann" box="[984,1201,1846,1872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="25" refString="Stresemann, E. (1954) Hemprich und Ehrenberg. Reisen zweier naturforschender Freunde im Orient geschildert in ihren Briefen aus den Jahren 1819 - 1826. Abhandlungen der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1954 (1), 1 - 177." type="journal article" year="1954">Stresemann 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 171), i.e. after the manuscript for the
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FEDDF8BBFDBE9840" box="[375,612,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Reise nach Bukhara</emphasis>
|
||
was finished. The latter specimens thus are not part of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC2FF99FAB5F8BBFA889841" box="[1311,1362,1885,1911]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series upon which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC2FF99FE82F862FCEF98A8" authority="Lichtenstein, 1823" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1823" box="[296,821,1924,1950]" class="Aves" family="Motacillidae" genus="Motacilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanocephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FE82F862FD8E98AB" box="[296,596,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Motacilla melanocephala</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FDF1F862FCEF98A8" author="Lichtenstein" box="[603,821,1924,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FDF1F862FD3598A8" box="[603,751,1924,1950]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1823
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a was based.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC2FF99FF3DF84CFD2998DD" blockId="5.[151,1437,1350,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC2FF99FF3DF84CFED398F2" bold="true" box="[151,265,1962,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC2FF99FF3DF84CFED398F2" box="[151,265,1962,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED316CFAFFC2FF99FEB3F84CFE8398F2" box="[281,345,1962,1988]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
5177 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC2FF99FE01F84CFD0698F2" author="Lichtenstein" box="[427,732,1962,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1822) Herrn Dr. Eversmanns vierte Sendung, enthaltend bucharische und kirgisische Thiere. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur: ZMB, S I, Eversmann, E, Blatt 14 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1822">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FE01F84CFDE498F2" box="[427,574,1962,1988]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1822, Nr. 19
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), skin, ♂, collected by Eversmann on
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC2FF99FB0AF84CFA8F98F2" box="[1184,1365,1962,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" value="1821-03-18">18 March 1821</date>
|
||
[=
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC2FF99FAD5F84CFEF298DD" pageId="5" pageNumber="20" value="1821-03-30">30 March 1821</date>
|
||
] at “Buchara” [= Buxoro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC2FF99FDF4F837FD3398DD" box="[606,745,2001,2027]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="5" pageNumber="20">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFF71FEF89FC9" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,448]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFF71FEEC9F87" bold="true" box="[151,310,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFF3DFF71FF089F87" box="[151,210,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFEEFFF7EFD749F84" author="Lichtenstein" box="[325,686,152,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFEEFFF7EFE0C9F84" box="[325,470,152,178]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1823a: 129–130)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not specify the locality at which the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFB22FF7EFB359F84" box="[1160,1263,152,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected, but both
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFEA1FF58FDD39FEE" author="Lichtenstein" box="[267,521,190,216]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1822) Herrn Dr. Eversmanns vierte Sendung, enthaltend bucharische und kirgisische Thiere. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur: ZMB, S I, Eversmann, E, Blatt 14 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1822">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFEA1FF58FE709FEE" box="[267,426,190,216]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1822)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and label data show that it was collected at “Buchara”, i.e. at Buxoro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFF3DFF03FEC59FC9" box="[151,287,229,255]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC1FF9AFF3DFEEDFECE9D26" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFEEDFEF79EF6" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,448]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFEEDFECB9E13" bold="true" box="[151,273,267,293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFE89FEEAFCB99E10" authority="Lichtenstein, 1823" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1823" box="[291,867,268,294]" class="Aves" family="Motacillidae" genus="Motacilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanocephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFE89FEEAFDB19E13" box="[291,619,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Motacilla melanocephala</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFDDEFEEAFCB99E10" author="Lichtenstein" box="[628,867,268,294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFDDEFEEAFCCC9E10" box="[628,790,268,294]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1823
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a is
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFC30FEEAFC729E10" author="Lichtenstein" box="[922,936,268,294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
junior primary homonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFA8BFEEAFDFB9E7A" authority="J.F. Gmelin, 1789" authorityName="J.F. Gmelin" authorityYear="1789" class="Aves" family="Motacillidae" genus="Motacilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanocephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFA8BFEEAFE909E7D" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Motacilla melanocephala</emphasis>
|
||
J.F. Gmelin, 1789
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFD95FED4FBF79E7A" authority="J.F. Gmelin, 1789" authorityName="J.F. Gmelin" authorityYear="1789" box="[575,1069,306,332]" class="Aves" family="Sylviidae" genus="Sylvia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanocephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFD95FED4FC9A9E7D" box="[575,832,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Sylvia melanocephala</emphasis>
|
||
(J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and is thus not available as the valid name for the Yellow Wagtail subspecies inhabiting eastern Mediterranean and Central Asia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFAB1FEBFFEC29EAC" author="Alstrom" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" refString="Alstrom, P. & Mild, K. (2003) Pipits and wagtails. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 496 pp." type="book" year="2003">Alström & Mild 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Instead, the junior synonym
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFD28FE66FD039EAF" box="[642,729,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">feldegg</emphasis>
|
||
, introduced by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFC3CFE66FB5A9EAC" author="Michahelles" box="[918,1152,384,410]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Michahelles, [K.] (1830) Ueber einige Dalmatinische Vertebraten, die zugleich im westlichen Asien vorkommen. Isis 1830: col. 809 - 820." type="journal article" year="1830">Michahelles (1830)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, has to be used (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFAECFE66FF0C9EF6" author="Hartert" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Hartert, E. (1921) Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna. Vol. 3 (Heft 17). R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. 2021 - 2148." type="journal article" year="1921">Hartert 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 2098).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFE15FECE9D26" blockId="6.[151,1437,499,1138]" box="[151,276,499,528]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFF3DFE15FECE9D26" box="[151,276,499,528]" class="Aves" family="Sylviidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFE15FECE9D26" bold="true" box="[151,276,499,528]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Sylviidae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC1FF9AFF3DFDFFFDD29D03" box="[151,520,536,565]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFDFFFDD29D03" blockId="6.[151,1437,499,1138]" box="[151,520,536,565]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFF3DFDFFFDD29D03" authority="Lichtenstein" authorityName="Lichtenstein" box="[151,520,536,565]" class="Aves" family="Sylviidae" genus="Sylvia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caligata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFDFFFDD29D03" bold="true" box="[151,520,536,565]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFDFFFE8D9D03" bold="true" box="[151,343,537,565]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Sylvia caligata</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFEF5FDFEFDD29D03" box="[351,520,536,565]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC1FF9AFF3DFDD8FC609D4D" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFDD8FD969D63" blockId="6.[151,1437,499,1138]" box="[151,588,574,597]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30D311FFC1FF9AFF3DFDD8FD969D63" box="[151,588,574,597]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFF3DFDD8FD929D63" authority="Lichtenstein, 1823a: 128" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityPageNumber="128" authorityYear="1823" box="[151,584,574,597]" class="Aves" family="Sylviidae" genus="Sylvia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caligata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFDD8FEEC9D63" box="[151,310,574,597]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Sylvia caligata</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A81D22EFFC1FF9AFE96FDD8FD929D63" author="Lichtenstein" box="[316,584,574,597]" page="128" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" year="1823">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFE96FDD8FDC99D63" author="Lichtenstein" box="[316,531,574,597]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE96FDD8FE199D63" box="[316,451,574,597]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1823a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 128
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFD86FC609D4D" blockId="6.[151,1437,499,1138]" box="[151,954,608,635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFD86FF0A9D4C" bold="true" box="[151,208,608,634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Now</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFF75FD87FD599D4D" ID-CoL="6MT97" authority="Lichtenstein, 1823" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1823" box="[223,643,609,635]" class="Aves" family="Acrocephalidae" genus="Iduna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caligata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF75FD87FE519D4C" box="[223,395,609,634]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Iduna caligata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE30FD87FDEA9D4D" box="[410,560,609,635]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1823)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFD6AFD87FCB99D4D" author="Hartert" box="[704,867,609,635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Hartert, E. (1921) Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna. Vol. 3 (Heft 17). R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. 2021 - 2148." type="journal article" year="1921">Hartert (1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 2147).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC1FF9AFF3DFD61FD4A9B12" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFD61FD6F9DFE" blockId="6.[151,1437,499,1138]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFD61FEF39D97" bold="true" box="[151,297,647,673]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFF3DFD61FF0F9D97" box="[151,213,647,673]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
series
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFE91FD6EFD629D94" author="Lichtenstein" box="[315,696,648,674]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE91FD6EFE099D94" box="[315,467,648,674]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1823a: 128–129)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
explicitly based this species on a single specimen (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFF3DFD48FEB79DFE" author="Lichtenstein" box="[151,365,686,712]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1822) Herrn Dr. Eversmanns vierte Sendung, enthaltend bucharische und kirgisische Thiere. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur: ZMB, S I, Eversmann, E, Blatt 14 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1822">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFF3DFD48FEF29DFE" box="[151,296,686,712]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1822
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which is thus its
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFDEDFD48FD6B9DFE" box="[583,689,686,712]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFD33FCFA9C0A" blockId="6.[151,1437,499,1138]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFD33FED19DD9" bold="true" box="[151,267,725,751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFF3DFD33FED19DD9" box="[151,267,725,751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED316CFAFFC1FF9AFEB6FD33FE879DD9" box="[284,349,725,751]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
4122 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFE1AFD33FD329DD9" author="Lichtenstein" box="[432,744,725,751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1822) Herrn Dr. Eversmanns vierte Sendung, enthaltend bucharische und kirgisische Thiere. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur: ZMB, S I, Eversmann, E, Blatt 14 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1822">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE1AFD33FD9C9DD9" box="[432,582,725,751]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1822, Nr. 15
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), unsexed, collected by Eversmann on
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC1FF9AFB6BFD33FA899DD9" box="[1217,1363,725,751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" value="1821-05-02">2 May 1821</date>
|
||
[=
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC1FF9AFAD4FD33FECB9C20" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" value="1821-05-14">14 May 1821</date>
|
||
] at the Ilek (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFE09FD1AFD1E9C20" author="Lichtenstein" box="[419,708,764,790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE09FD1AFDEC9C20" box="[419,566,764,790]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1823a: 129
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The entries in the Old Register of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED316CFAFFC1FF9AFB38FD1AFB089C20" box="[1170,1234,764,790]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
(“Sibirien”, later struck out and replaced with “Orenburg”) are incorrect.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFCAEFD4A9B12" blockId="6.[151,1437,499,1138]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFCAEFEE09C54" bold="true" box="[151,314,840,866]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFF3DFCAEFF099C54" box="[151,211,840,866]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: “In den Gebüschen am Ilek” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFD18FCAFFC009C55" author="Lichtenstein" box="[690,986,841,867]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFD18FCAFFC929C55" box="[690,840,841,867]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1823a: 129
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), i.e. “in shrubs at the Ilek”. The Ilek River is ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD859DAFFC1FF9AFE8EFC96FEA49CBC" box="[292,382,880,906]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" unit="km" value="200.0">200 km</quantity>
|
||
long in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE75FC96FDB69CBC" box="[479,620,880,906]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The specimen in question was collected on
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC1FF9AFBD2FC96FB1E9CBC" box="[1144,1220,880,906]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">2 May</date>
|
||
[=
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC1FF9AFB44FC96FA969CBC" box="[1262,1356,880,906]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" value="1914-05">14 May</date>
|
||
] 1821, while a jerboa
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFEFBFC71FCFE9C86" authority="Lichtenstein, 1823" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1823" box="[337,804,918,944]" class="Mammalia" family="Dipodidae" genus="Stylodipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="telum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFEFBFC71FDC59C86" box="[337,543,919,944]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Stylodipus telum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFD85FC70FD149C86" box="[559,718,918,944]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1823)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected just one day prior to this date in the Mugodzhary Hills (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFE06FC5BFD589CE1" author="Lichtenstein" box="[428,642,957,983]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1822) Herrn Dr. Eversmanns vierte Sendung, enthaltend bucharische und kirgisische Thiere. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur: ZMB, S I, Eversmann, E, Blatt 14 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1822">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE06FC5BFDE79CE1" box="[428,573,957,983]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1822
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFD25FC5BFC849CE1" author="Stresemann" box="[655,862,957,983]" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" refString="Stresemann, E. (1958) Briefe von und uber Eduard Eversmann aus den Jahren 1816 - 1822. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 34, 221 - 243." type="journal article" year="1958">Stresemann 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 243), i.e. at ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1492F8FFC1FF9AFB8BFC5BFB5C9CE1" box="[1057,1158,957,983]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" precision="555" value="48.59">48.59°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1492F8FFC1FF9AFB39FC5BFB2C9CE1" box="[1171,1270,957,983]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" precision="555" value="58.46">58.46°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. Although the exact locality cannot be identified, it is therefore probable that the bird was collected within the limits of the modern-day Aqtöbe Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFDAAFBECFD579B12" box="[512,653,1034,1060]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC1FF9AFF3DFBD6FED89BF7" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFBD6FCD19B44" blockId="6.[151,1437,499,1138]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFBD6FED69B7C" bold="true" box="[151,268,1072,1098]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: For comments on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFD82FBD7FD489B7D" box="[552,658,1073,1099]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFCA9FBD7FC079B7D" author="Eversmann" box="[771,989,1073,1099]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" refString="Eversmann, E. (1848) Einige Beitrage zur Mammalogie und Ornithologie des Russischen Reichs. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 21 (1), 186 - 227." type="journal article" year="1848">Eversmann (1848</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFC40FBD7FBF09B7D" author="Eversmann" box="[1002,1066,1073,1099]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" refString="Eversmann, E. (1853) Einige Beitrage zur Ornithologie Russlands. Journal fur Ornithologie, 1: 57 - 64, 282 - 286. [Reprint of the ornithological part of Eversmann 1848.]" type="journal article" year="1853">1853</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFBEAFBD7FA9C9B7D" author="Blanford" box="[1088,1350,1073,1099]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" refString="Blanford, W. T. (1876) Eastern Persia. An account of the journeys of the Persian boundary commission 1870 - 71 - 72. Vol. II. The zoology and geology. Macmillan and Co., London, viii + 516 pp." type="book chapter" year="1876">Blanford (1876: 190)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFAFEFBD7FF329B44" author="Hesse" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Hesse, E. (1916) Bemerkungen uber einige Sylviiden-Formen. Journal fur Ornithologie, 64, 268 - 275." type="journal article" year="1916">Hesse (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFF5EFBBEFE4C9B44" author="Hartert" box="[244,406,1112,1138]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Hartert, E. (1921) Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna. Vol. 3 (Heft 17). R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. 2021 - 2148." type="journal article" year="1921">Hartert (1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 2147), and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFD8CFBBEFCDD9B44" author="Stresemann" box="[550,775,1112,1138]" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" refString="Stresemann, E. (1928) Ist Sylvia caligata Lichtenstein eine Hippolais? Ornithologische Monatsberichte, 36, 51 - 52." type="journal article" year="1928">Stresemann (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFB42FED89BF7" blockId="6.[151,1436,1188,1948]" box="[151,258,1188,1217]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFF3DFB42FED89BF7" box="[151,258,1188,1217]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFB42FED89BF7" bold="true" box="[151,258,1188,1217]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Paridae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC1FF9AFF3DFB2CFDE49BD1" box="[151,574,1226,1255]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFB2CFDE49BD1" blockId="6.[151,1436,1188,1948]" box="[151,574,1226,1255]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFF3DFB2CFDE49BD1" authority="Lichtenstein" authorityName="Lichtenstein" box="[151,574,1226,1255]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bokharensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFB2CFDE49BD1" bold="true" box="[151,574,1226,1255]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFB2CFE579BD0" bold="true" box="[151,397,1226,1254]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Parus bokharensis</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE3FFB2CFDE49BD1" box="[405,574,1226,1255]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC1FF9AFF3DFB16FB809A1A" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFB16FDA99A31" blockId="6.[151,1436,1188,1948]" box="[151,627,1264,1287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30D311FFC1FF9AFF3DFB16FDA99A31" box="[151,627,1264,1287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFF3DFB16FDB59A31" ID-CoL="75SVT" authority="Lichtenstein, 1823a: 131" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityPageNumber="131" authorityYear="1823" box="[151,623,1264,1287]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bokharensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFB16FE879A31" box="[151,349,1264,1287]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Parus bokharensis</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A81D22EFFC1FF9AFECEFB16FDB59A31" author="Lichtenstein" box="[356,623,1264,1287]" page="131" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" year="1823">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFECEFB16FDE09A31" author="Lichtenstein" box="[356,570,1264,1287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFECEFB16FE319A31" box="[356,491,1264,1287]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1823a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 131
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFAF4FB809A1A" blockId="6.[151,1436,1188,1948]" box="[151,1114,1298,1324]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFAF4FF0A9A1A" bold="true" box="[151,208,1298,1324]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Now</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFF75FAF5FD449A1A" ID-CoL="75SVT" authority="Lichtenstein, 1823" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1823" box="[223,670,1298,1324]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bokharensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF75FAF5FE639A1A" box="[223,441,1299,1324]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Parus bokharensis</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE6AFAF4FD8E9A1A" box="[448,596,1298,1324]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1823
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFD71FAF4FCA49A1A" author="Hartert" box="[731,894,1298,1324]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Hartert, E. (1905) Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna. Vol. 1 (Heft 3). R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. 241 - 348." type="journal article" year="1905">Hartert (1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 344, 1921: 2109).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC1FF9AFF3DFADEFBF399E0" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DFADEFCC2990D" blockId="6.[151,1436,1188,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFADEFE909A64" bold="true" box="[151,330,1336,1362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Nomenclature</emphasis>
|
||
: The original spelling of the species name is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFCC0FADFFAED9A65" authority="Lichtenstein 1823a: 131" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityPageNumber="131" authorityYear="1823" box="[874,1335,1337,1363]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bokharensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFCC0FADFFC229A64" box="[874,1016,1337,1362]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">bokharensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFBA2FADFFAF79A65" author="Lichtenstein" box="[1032,1325,1337,1363]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFBA2FADFFB469A65" box="[1032,1180,1337,1363]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1823a: 131
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Several variant spellings of this name have occurred in the literature, incl.
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFC07FA86FBE09A4F" box="[941,1082,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">bocharensis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFBE1FA86FB389A4F" box="[1099,1250,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">bochariensis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFB5BFA86FA4F9A4F" box="[1265,1429,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">bockhariensis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFA61FEC09A96" box="[151,282,1415,1440]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">bokarensis</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFEF4FA61FE2A9A96" box="[350,496,1415,1440]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">bucharensis</emphasis>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFD9BFA60FD379A96" author="Hellmayr" box="[561,749,1414,1440]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Hellmayr, C. E. (1903) Paridae, Sittidae und Certhiidae. In: Schulze, F. E. (Ed.): Das Tierreich. Vol. 18. R. Friedlander und Sohn, Berlin, pp. ii - xxxi, 1 - 255." type="book chapter" year="1903">Hellmayr 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 102), but all can be understood as incorrect subsequent spellings (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFEF2FA4BFE3B9AF1" author="ICZN" box="[344,481,1453,1479]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="ICZN (1999) International code of zoological nomenclature. 4 th ed. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 33) and are thus not available for nomenclatural purposes.
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFA35FEF89ADB" bold="true" box="[151,290,1491,1517]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFF3DFA35FF089ADB" box="[151,210,1491,1517]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
series
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: The original
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFE62FA32FE209AD8" box="[456,506,1492,1518]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series consisted of two males and one female (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFB8BFA32FA989AD8" author="Lichtenstein" box="[1057,1346,1492,1518]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFB8BFA32FB6E9AD8" box="[1057,1204,1492,1518]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1823a: 131
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DFA1CFF269922" bold="true" box="[151,252,1530,1556]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFF3DFA1CFF269922" box="[151,252,1530,1556]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: ZMB 4974 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFE30FA1CFCD69922" author="Lichtenstein" box="[410,780,1530,1556]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1822) Herrn Dr. Eversmanns vierte Sendung, enthaltend bucharische und kirgisische Thiere. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur: ZMB, S I, Eversmann, E, Blatt 14 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1822">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE30FA1CFDF79922" box="[410,557,1530,1556]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1822, Nr. 41 or 43
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), skin, ♂, collected by Eversmann on
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC1FF9AFB63FA1CFAA19922" box="[1225,1403,1530,1556]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" value="1821-03-11">11 March 1821</date>
|
||
[=
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC1FF9AFF3DF9C7FE96990D" box="[151,332,1569,1595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" value="1821-03-23">23 March 1821</date>
|
||
] at “Buchara” [= Buxoru,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFD29F9C7FCD4990D" box="[643,782,1569,1595]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DF9A1FBF399BE" blockId="6.[151,1436,1188,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DF9A1FF279957" bold="true" box="[151,253,1607,1633]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFF3DF9A1FF279957" box="[151,253,1607,1633]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(lost): ZMB 4975 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFE4CF9AEFCBA9954" author="Lichtenstein" box="[486,864,1608,1634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1822) Herrn Dr. Eversmanns vierte Sendung, enthaltend bucharische und kirgisische Thiere. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur: ZMB, S I, Eversmann, E, Blatt 14 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1822">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE4CF9AEFDA09954" box="[486,634,1608,1634]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1822, Nr. 43 or 41
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), ♂, collected by Eversmann on
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC1FF9AFB4DF9AEFA469954" box="[1255,1436,1608,1634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" value="1821-03-11">11 March 1821</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFF34F988FEAF99BE" author="Lichtenstein" box="[158,373,1646,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1822) Herrn Dr. Eversmanns vierte Sendung, enthaltend bucharische und kirgisische Thiere. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur: ZMB, S I, Eversmann, E, Blatt 14 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1822">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFF34F988FEEB99BE" box="[158,305,1646,1672]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1822
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) [=
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC1FF9AFE0CF988FD8199BE" box="[422,603,1646,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" value="1821-03-23">23 March 1821</date>
|
||
] at “Bokhara” [= Buxoro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFC39F988FBC499BE" box="[915,1054,1646,1672]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DF973FBF399E0" blockId="6.[151,1436,1188,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DF973FED89999" bold="true" box="[151,258,1685,1711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFF3DF973FED89999" box="[151,258,1685,1711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(lost): ZMB 4976 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFE52F973FC9A9999" author="Lichtenstein" box="[504,832,1685,1711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1822) Herrn Dr. Eversmanns vierte Sendung, enthaltend bucharische und kirgisische Thiere. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur: ZMB, S I, Eversmann, E, Blatt 14 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1822">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE52F973FD4F9999" box="[504,661,1685,1711]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1822, Nr. 42
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Ƥ, collected by Eversmann on
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC1FF9AFB77F973FA469999" box="[1245,1436,1685,1711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" value="1821-03-12">12 March 1821</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFF34F95AFEAF99E0" author="Lichtenstein" box="[158,373,1724,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1822) Herrn Dr. Eversmanns vierte Sendung, enthaltend bucharische und kirgisische Thiere. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur: ZMB, S I, Eversmann, E, Blatt 14 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1822">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFF34F95AFEEB99E0" box="[158,305,1724,1750]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1822
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) [=
|
||
<date id="FF9ED2FFFFC1FF9AFE0CF95AFD8199E0" box="[422,603,1724,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" value="1821-03-24">24 March 1821</date>
|
||
] at “Bokhara” [= Buxoro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFC39F95AFBC499E0" box="[915,1054,1724,1750]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC1FF9AFF3DF902FBFC99C8" box="[151,1062,1764,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DF902FBFC99C8" blockId="6.[151,1436,1188,1948]" box="[151,1062,1764,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DF902FEED99C8" bold="true" box="[151,311,1764,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B4A9DFFC1FF9AFF3DF902FF0899C8" box="[151,210,1764,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: “Bokhara” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFE79F902FD2999C8" author="Lichtenstein" box="[467,755,1764,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFE79F902FDBC99C8" box="[467,614,1764,1790]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1823a: 131
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), i.e. Buxoro,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFC30F902FBF899C8" box="[922,1058,1764,1790]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AA7B4FFC1FF9AFF3DF8EDFBDA98AA" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FF43FFFC1FF9AFF3DF8EDFBDA98AA" blockId="6.[151,1436,1188,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFF3DF8EDFED19813" bold="true" box="[151,267,1803,1829]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: Nomenclature and taxonomy of the Turkestan Tit
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFCDCF8EAFB8C9813" box="[886,1110,1804,1829]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bokharensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFCDCF8EAFB8C9813" box="[886,1110,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Parus bokharensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were confused in the early 20th century (e.g. Zarudnyj & Loudon 1905, Zarudnyj & Bil’kevič 1912,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFBBEF8D3FB1B9879" author="Buturlin" box="[1044,1217,1845,1871]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" refString="Buturlin, S. A. (1913) Imena seryh sinic " [Names of grey tits]. Ornitologi c esk i j V e stnik ", 4, 51 - 53. [In Russian.]" type="journal article" year="1913">Buturlin 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFB65F8D3FA4D9879" author="Laubmann" box="[1231,1431,1845,1871]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Laubmann, A. (1913) Parus bokharensis Licht. und seine geographischen Formen in Turkestan. Verhandlungen der Ornithologischen Gesellschaft in Bayern, 11, 269 - 275." type="journal article" year="1913">Laubmann 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Zarudnyj & Härms 1913), but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C208FBCFFC1FF9AFE57F8BAFD539843" box="[509,649,1884,1909]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bokharensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954282DFFC1FF9AFE57F8BAFD539843" box="[509,649,1884,1909]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">bokharensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB189CEFFC1FF9AFD1AF8BAFC7E9840" author="Lichtenstein" box="[688,932,1884,1910]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1823 a) Naturhistorischer Anhang. In: Eversmann, E., Reise nach Buchara. E. H. G. Christiani, Berlin, pp. 111 - 150." type="book chapter" year="1823" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337B4AFFFC1FF9AFD1AF8BAFC9B9840" box="[688,833,1884,1910]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="6" pageNumber="21">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1823a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is the oldest among all relevant names and its application to the populations living at Buxoro has never been doubted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |