248 lines
22 KiB
XML
248 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1164" ID-PMC="PMC4152838" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-2-1164" ID-PubMed="25197238" ID-ZBK="65186ACBB217484DBE9D55B3182D7EC9" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1314-2828-2-e1164" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 2" ModsDocTitle="Calviaexplanata sp. n. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellinae) from the Indian Subcontinent" checkinTime="1451253331691" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Poorani, J." docDate="2014" docId="BB8AD3BA68FE392613240938545FA88A" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 2: e1164" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 2" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1164" docTitle="Calvia explanata Poorani, 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="E5D6455D-C0EF-4164-81F8-C8CE013B6AD5" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="1164" masterDocId="FFEE3C7AD573701BAE77FFEEFFA1FF95" masterDocTitle="Calviaexplanata sp. n. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellinae) from the Indian Subcontinent" masterLastPageNumber="1164" masterPageNumber="1164" pageNumber="1164" updateTime="1668122690342" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Calviaexplanata sp. n. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellinae) from the Indian Subcontinent</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Poorani, J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start>1164</mods:start>
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<mods:end>1164</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1164</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1164</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-2-1164</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">65186ACBB217484DBE9D55B3182D7EC9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">65186ACBB217484DBE9D55B3182D7EC9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E5D6455D-C0EF-4164-81F8-C8CE013B6AD5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB8AD3BA68FE392613240938545FA88A" lastPageNumber="1164" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E5D6455D-C0EF-4164-81F8-C8CE013B6AD5" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia explanata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="explanata">Calvia explanata</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Materials</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-05-21" collectionCode="NBAII" collectorName="Hemchandra" country="India" location="India" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Holotype</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Hemchandra</collectorName>
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; individualCount:
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<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">1</specimenCount>
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; sex:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Male</specimenType>
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; Location: country:
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<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">India</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Sikkim; verbatimLocality: Pantok; Event: eventDate:
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<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" value="2008-05-21">2008-05-21</collectingDate>
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; habitat: on Alnus sp.; Record Level: institutionCode:
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<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">NBAII</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2013-03-13" collectionCode="NBAII" collectorName="P. P. Bhattacharjee" country="India" location="India" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Paratype</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">P.P. Bhattacharjee</collectorName>
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; sex:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Female</specimenType>
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; Location: country:
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<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">India</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Sikkim; verbatimLocality: Mangam; Event: eventDate:
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<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" value="2013-03-13">2013-03-13</collectingDate>
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; Record Level: institutionCode:
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<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">NBAII</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-05-21" collectionCode="NBAII" collectorName="Hemchandra" country="India" location="India" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="Paratype">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Paratype</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Hemchandra</collectorName>
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; individualCount:
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<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">2</specimenCount>
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; Location: country:
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<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">India</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Sikkim; verbatimLocality: Pantok; Event: eventDate:
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<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" value="2008-05-21">2008-05-21</collectingDate>
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; habitat: on Alnus sp.; Record Level: institutionCode:
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<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">NBAII</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1990-III-26/27" collectorName="Bhakta, B." country="India" location="India" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Paratype</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Bhakta, B.</collectorName>
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; individualCount:
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<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">1</specimenCount>
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; sex:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Male</specimenType>
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; Location: country:
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<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">India</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: West Bengal; verbatimLocality: Darjeeling Dt: Bom Busty; Event: eventDate:
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<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" value="1990-III-26/27">1990-III-26/27</collectingDate>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1976-05-25" collectorName="W. Wittmer; C. Baroni" country="Nepal" location="Nepal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Paratype</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">W. Wittmer; C. Baroni</collectorName>
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; individualCount:
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<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">1</specimenCount>
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; Location: country:
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<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Godavari; Event: eventDate:
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<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" value="1976-05-25">1976-05-25</collectingDate>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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<materialsCitation collectingMethod="at light" collectorName="J. Schneider" country="Nepal" latitude="27.45" location="Nepal" longLatPrecision="742" longitude="85.17" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Paratype</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">J. Schneider</collectorName>
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; individualCount:
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<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">1</specimenCount>
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; sex:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Female</specimenType>
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; Location: country:
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<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Bagmati prov.; verbatimLocality: Nagarjun Forest; verbatimElevation: 1387m; verbatimLatitude:
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="27.45">27.45N</geoCoordinate>
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; verbatimLongitude:
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="85.17">85.17E</geoCoordinate>
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; Event: eventID: Nepal Expedition Jan Farkac, David Kial, & Jan Schneider, 2000; samplingProtocol:
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<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">at light</collectingMethod>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2013-03-08" collectionCode="NBAII" country="India" location="India" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Paratype</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: sex:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Male</specimenType>
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; Location: country:
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<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">India</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Sikkim; verbatimLocality: Mangam; Event: eventDate:
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<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" value="2013-03-08">2013-03-08</collectingDate>
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; Record Level: institutionCode:
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<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">NBAII</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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TL: 7.50-9.00 mm; TW: 6.00-8.00 mm; TL/TW: 1.07-1.50; PL/PW: 0.45-0.48; EL/EW: 0.88-1.03. Male: Form (Fig. 1a, b, c) broadly oval, dorsum convex, broadest a little before middle of elytra, elytra nearly as wide as long; glabrous except head with silvery white hairs. Dorsum bright lemon yellow to yellowish green except lateral margins of pronotum and elytra transparent, pronotum with an indistinct M-shaped marking. Antennae, mouthparts and ventral side yellowish brown; ventral surface covered with short, silvery white pubescence. Head with clypeal margin truncate between lateral projections; eyes prominent, inner ocular margins anteriorly distinctly divergent. Antenna 11-segmented, elongate,>2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as interocular distance, with a moderately long 3-segmented club, terminal antennomere oval, apically flattened. Punctures on head shallow, separated by 2-5 diameters, interspaces between punctures with distinct, reticulate microsculpture. Pronotum finely punctate, punctures separated by 2-5 diameters, interspaces with strong, reticulate microsculpture on disc, more obsolete towards lateral margins. Elytral punctures slightly larger and more widely spaced than those on pronotum, separated by 3-6 diameters, interspaces shinier than that on pronotum, with microsculpture; lateral expansions of elytra with larger and coarser punctures. Prosternal intercoxal process convex, without carinae. Mesoventrite medially semi-circularly emarginate. Metaventrite with discrimen. Epipleuron wide, deeply concave, distinctly descending externally. Meso- and metatibiae with a pair of apical spurs. Tarsal claws appendiculate. Abdominal postcoxal line (Fig. 2a) very short, not reaching posterior margin of ventrite 1. Posterior margin of ventrite 5 shallowly and widely emarginate, that of ventrite 6 medially more deeply emarginate. Male genitalia (Fig. 2a, b, c, d, e) as illustrated, tegmen in lateral view (Fig. 2b) with parameres longer than penis guide, apices covered with dense, elongate hairs; penis guide in inner view (Fig. 2c) elongate, cylindrical in anterior half, posterior half distinctly narrowed, triangular with a tubular apex; penis (Fig. 2d, e) with a distinct capsule, strongly arched, apically produced into a strongly curved process (Fig. 2e).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Female: Externally similar to male. Female genitalia (Fig. 2f) as shown, spermatheca bulky, sperm duct somewhat abruptly thickened a little after basal third; infundibulum present, composed of a pair of apparently lamellate structures.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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This species is externally similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia albida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albida">Calvia albida</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia flaveola" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaveola">Calvia flaveola</taxonomicName>
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Booth and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia championorum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="championorum">Calvia championorum</taxonomicName>
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Booth. It is particularly close to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia albida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albida">Calvia albida</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 1d) in having a mottled elytral pattern with several smaller spots. Both
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia albida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albida">Calvia albida</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia explanata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="explanata">Calvia explanata</taxonomicName>
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share a similar distribution range in India and are found in northeastern India and Nepal.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia albida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albida">Calvia albida</taxonomicName>
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is also distributed in China (
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<bibRefCitation author="Ren, S." journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" title="Colored pictorial handbook of ladybird beetles in China" year="2009">Ren et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Yu, G." journalOrPublisher="China Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" title="Chinese lady beetles (The subfamily Coccinellinae)" year="2010">Yu 2010</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia explanata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="explanata">Calvia explanata</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia albida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albida">Calvia albida</taxonomicName>
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in having a distinctly wider, more circular body outline and explanate elytral margins. The male genitalia are also distinctive with the penis guide narrower and more elongate and the penis with an elongate, membranous apical process. In
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia albida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albida">Calvia albida</taxonomicName>
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, the penis guide is distinctly broader up to a little beyond middle and the posterior half is much less narrowed and the penis has a more robust basal capsule and the apex is different. The male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia albida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albida">Calvia albida</taxonomicName>
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were illustrated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Bielawski, R." journalOrPublisher="Fragmenta Faunistica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" pagination=": 283" title="Die Marienkaefer (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) aus Nepal" volume="18" year="1972">Bielawski (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Ren, S." journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" title="Colored pictorial handbook of ladybird beetles in China" year="2009">Ren et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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. The female genitalia in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia albida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albida">Calvia albida</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 3) has a distinctly bulkier spermatheca (Fig. 3b) with a long, more or less uniformly thick sperm duct and the infundibulum is differently structured.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Etymology</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">The specific epithet is an adjective of Latin origin and refers to the explanate elytral margins.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">India (Sikkim; West Bengal). Nepal.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Biology</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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This species seems to have an arboreal habitat like many other species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calvia</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Booth, R. G." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" pagination="917 - 934" title="A review of the species of Calvia (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Indian Subcontinent, with descriptions of two new species" volume="31" year="1997">Booth 1997</bibRefCitation>
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) as some of the specimens examined were collected on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alnus</taxonomicName>
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sp. (label data).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" type="taxon discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">Taxon discussion</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1164">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calvia</taxonomicName>
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is not a very well defined genus with some members having aberrant characters. This species is placed in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calvia</taxonomicName>
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by the following combination of characters as per the diagnosis given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gordon, R. D." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the New York Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" pagination="1 - 912" title="The Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of America north of Mexico." volume="93" year="1985">Gordon (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: anterolateral angles of clypeus produced forward, lateral margins of pronotum and elytra explanate, middle and hind tibial apices with a pair of spurs each, abdominal postcoxal line incomplete, and tarsal claws appendiculate.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gordon, R. D." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the New York Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" pagination="1 - 912" title="The Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of America north of Mexico." volume="93" year="1985">Gordon (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in his diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calvia</taxonomicName>
|
||
mentioned that female genitalia lack infundibulum, but female genitalia of many Oriental species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calvia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Calvia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calvia explanata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="explanata">Calvia explanata</taxonomicName>
|
||
, have a distinct infundibulum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |